| larval growth of diaprepes abbreviatus (coleoptera: curculionidae) and resulting root injury to three citrus varieties in two soil types. | larval growth and intraspecific competition of diaprepes abbreviatus (l.) larvae and consequent root injury in container-grown citrus in the greenhouse were evaluated. roots of carrizo citrange, citrus sinesis l. osbeck x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.; cleopatra mandarin, c. reticulata blanco, and swingle citrumelo, c. paradisi macf. x p. trifoliata (l.) raf. rootstock seedlings grown in candler fine sand and potting soil were colonized with different populations of d. abbreviatus larvae. larvae ... | 2000 | 10826189 |
| characterization of the low affinity transport system for no(3)(-) uptake by citrus roots. | three-month old citrange troyer (hybrid of citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata) seedlings were grown hydroponically and, after a period of no(3)(-) starvation, plants were transferred to solutions enriched with k(15)no(3) (96% atoms 15n excess) to measure 15no(3)(-) uptake rates as a function of external 15no(3)(-) concentrations. two different no(3)(-) uptake systems were found. between 1 and 50 mm 15no(3)(-) in the uptake solution medium, the uptake rate increased linearly due to the low aff ... | 2000 | 11164581 |
| effects of rootstock on the composition of bergamot (citrus bergamia risso et poiteau) essential oil. | this paper reports the composition of bergamot oils obtained from plants grafted on the following rootstocks: sour orange, carrizo citrange, trifoliate orange, alemow, volkamerian lemon, and troyer citrange. the aim of this study is to evaluate the possibility of using rootstocks other than sour orange, checking their effect on the composition of the essential oil. results are reported for analysis of 203 bergamot oils during the years 1997-1998, 1998-1999, and 1999-2000. the oils were analyzed ... | 2003 | 12502409 |
| chloride absorption in salt-sensitive carrizo citrange and salt-tolerant cleopatra mandarin citrus rootstocks is linked to water use. | in this work, seedlings of two citrus rootstocks, the salt-tolerant cleopatra mandarin (citrus reshni hort. ex tan.) and the salt-sensitive carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis [l.] osb. x poncirus trifoliata [l.] raf.) were used to study the relationship between chloride and water uptake. the results indicated that net chloride uptake rates in both genotypes were alike and decreased linearly with the time of salinity exposure, although they were more rapidly reduced in the tolerant genotype. in ea ... | 2003 | 12554725 |
| enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant responses of carrizo citrange, a salt-sensitive citrus rootstock, to different levels of salinity. | in several plant species, oxidative stress has been shown to be one of the causes of damage produced by salinity. in order to assess the implication of oxidative stress in the reported sensitivity of the citrus rootstock carrizo citrange to salt stress, 5-month-old seedlings were grown with increasing nacl concentrations added to the watering solution. as an indicator of oxidative damage, malondialdehyde content was measured. the antioxidant capability of the plants was determined by measuring s ... | 2003 | 12721379 |
| regulation of gibberellin 20-oxidase gene expression and gibberellin content in citrus by temperature and citrus exocortis viroid. | a cdna clone coding for a gibberellin (ga) 20-oxidase ( ccga20ox1), an enzyme of ga biosynthesis, which when expressed in vitro catalyzed the conversion of ga(12) to ga(9) and of ga(53) to ga(20), was isolated from the citrus hybrid carrizo citrange (c itrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata). transcripts of ccga20ox1 were abundant in the apex and leaves and much less abundant in internodes, nodes and roots. seedlings of carrizo citrange cultured under a 32 degrees c/27 degrees c (day/night) regime ... | 2003 | 14520571 |
| effects of 15n application frequency on nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees. | two irrigation systems were used to compare nitrogen uptake efficiency in citrus trees and to evaluate the no3- runoff in "navelina" orange trees [citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck] on carrizo citrange rootstock (citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata raf.). these were fertilized with 125 g n as labelled k15no3 and grown outdoors in containers filled with a sand-loamy soil. two groups of 3 trees received this n dose either in five equally split applications by a flooding irrigation system or in 66 appl ... | 2003 | 14717433 |
| citrus response to salinity: growth and nutrient uptake. | to determine the effects of salinity on relative growth rate (rgr), net assimilation rate on a leaf weight basis (nar(w)), leaf weight ratio (lwr), and nutrient uptake and utilization of citrus, we grew four citrus rootstocks (sour orange, cleopatra mandarin, carrizo citrange and citrus macrophylla) in nutrient solutions containing 0, 10, 20, 40 or 80 mm nacl for 20, 40 or 60 days. for each element analyzed, specific absorption rate (sar) and specific utilization rate on a leaf basis (sur(l)) we ... | 1997 | 14759868 |
| nitrate improves growth in salt-stressed citrus seedlings through effects on photosynthetic activity and chloride accumulation. | we analyzed the effects of nitrate availability on growth of navelina (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck) scions grafted on three citrus rootstocks differing in salt tolerance: carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.), citrus macrophylla wester and cleopatra mandarin (citrus reshni hort. ex tanaka). salt stress reduced total plant biomass by 27-38%, whereas potassium nitrate supplementation partially counteracted this effect by increasing dry matter and new leaf a ... | 2004 | 15234900 |
| introduction of a citrus blight-associated gene into carrizo citrange [citrus sinensis (l.) osbc. x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.] by agrobacterium-mediated transformation. | the protein p12 accumulates in leaves of trees with citrus blight (cb), a serious decline of unknown cause. the function of p12 is not known, but sequence analysis indicates it may be related to expansins. in studies to determine the function of p12, sense and antisense constructs were used to make transgenic carrizo citrange using an agrobacterium-mediated transformation system. homogeneous beta-glucuronidase+ (gus+) sense and antisense transgenic shoots were regenerated using kanamycin as a se ... | 2004 | 15248084 |
| fatty acid methyl ester profiles for characterization of glomalean fungi and their endomycorrhizae. | arbuscule-forming fungi in the order glomales form obligate endomycorrhizal associations with plants that make them difficult to quantify, and taxonomy of the group is only beginning to be objectively understood. fatty acid methyl ester (fame) profiles were analyzed to assess the diversity and quantity of fatty acids in 53 isolates of 24 glomalean species. spores and endomycorrhizal roots of sudan grass (sorghum sudanense) and the citrus rootstock carrizo citrange (poncirus trifoliata x citrus s ... | 1995 | 16534923 |
| photosynthate partitioning in split-root citrus seedlings with mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal root systems. | photosynthate partitioning was examined in seedings of sour orange (citrus aurantium l.) and carrizo citrange (poncirus trifoliata [l.] raf. x c. sinensis [l.] osbeck) grown with split root systems inoculated on one side with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (glomus intraradices schenck and smith). source-sink relations were studied without mitigating differences in mineral content or physiological age that can occur in separate plant comparisons, because phosphorus was evenly distributed ... | 1984 | 16663589 |
| de novo arginine biosynthesis in leaves of phosphorus-deficient citrus and poncirus species. | young, fully expanded leaves from 7-month-old p-deficient citrus rootstock seedlings had levels of nonprotein arginine that were 10- to 50-fold greater than those from p-sufficient control plants. arginine content of the protein fraction increased 2- to 4-fold in p-deficient leaves. total arginine content, which averaged 72 +/- 6 micromoles per gram dry weight of p-sufficient leaf tissue (mean +/- se, n = the four rootstocks) was 207, 308, 241, and 178 micromoles in p-deficient leaves from citru ... | 1984 | 16663918 |
| carbon cost of the fungal symbiont relative to net leaf p accumulation in a split-root va mycorrhizal symbiosis. | translocation of (14)c-photosynthates to mycorrhizal (+ +), half mycorrhizal (0+), and nonmycorrhizal (00) split-root systems was compared to p accumulation in leaves of the host plant. carrizo citrange seedlings (poncirus trifoliata [l.] raf. x citrus sinensis [l.] osbeck) were inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus intraradices schenck and smith. plants were exposed to (14) co(2) for 10 minutes and ambient air for 2 hours. three to 4% of recently labeled photosyntha ... | 1988 | 16665934 |
| efficient production of transgenic citrus plants using isopentenyl transferase positive selection and removal of the marker gene by site-specific recombination. | the presence of marker genes conferring antibiotic resistance in transgenic plants represents a serious obstacle for their public acceptance and future commercialization. in citrus, selection using the selectable marker gene nptii, that confers resistance to the antibiotic kanamycin, is in general very effective. an attractive alternative is offered by the mat system (multi-auto-transformation), which combines the ipt gene for positive selection with the recombinase system r/rs for removal of ma ... | 2007 | 16927091 |
| salinity tolerance of 'valencia' orange trees on rootstocks with contrasting salt tolerance is not improved by moderate shade. | the effects of shading in combination with salinity treatments were studied in citrus trees on two rootstocks with contrasting salt tolerance to determine if shading could reduce the negative effects of salinity stress. well-nourished 2-year-old 'valencia' orange trees grafted on cleopatra mandarin (cleo, relatively salt tolerant) or carrizo citrange (carr, relatively salt sensitive), were grown either under a 50% shade cloth or left unshaded in full sunlight. half the trees received no salinity ... | 2006 | 16980596 |
| engineering of gibberellin levels in citrus by sense and antisense overexpression of a ga 20-oxidase gene modifies plant architecture. | carrizo citrange (citrus sinensisxponcirus trifoliata) is a citrus hybrid widely used as a rootstock, whose genetic manipulation to improve different growth characteristics is of high agronomic interest. in this work, transgenic carrizo citrange plants have been produced overexpressing sense and antisense ccga20ox1 (a key enzyme of ga biosynthesis) under control of the 35s promoter to modify plant architecture. as expected, taller (sense) and shorter (antisense) phenotypes correlated with higher ... | 2007 | 17317673 |
| leaf water relations and net gas exchange responses of salinized carrizo citrange seedlings during drought stress and recovery. | since salinity and drought stress can occur together, an assessment was made of their interacting effects on leaf water relations, osmotic adjustment and net gas exchange in seedlings of the relatively chloride-sensitive carrizo citrange, citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata. | 2007 | 17575285 |
| evaluation of selection strategies alternative to nptii in genetic transformation of citrus. | the neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii) selection system has proved successful in citrus transformation; however, it may be recommendable to replace it given the pressure exerted against antibiotic-resistance selectable marker genes in transgenic plants. the present work investigates three different selection alternatives, comparing them to nptii selection in two citrus genotypes, carrizo citrange and pineapple sweet orange. the first method used the beta-glucuronidase (uida) reporter marker gen ... | 2008 | 18317775 |
| antioxidant enzymatic activity is linked to waterlogging stress tolerance in citrus. | soil flooding constitutes a seasonal factor that negatively affects plant performance and crop yields. in this work, the relationship between oxidative damage and flooding sensitivity was addressed in three citrus genotypes with different abilities to tolerate waterlogging. we examined leaf visible damage, oxidative damage in terms of malondialdehyde (mda) concentration, leaf proline concentration, leaf and root ascorbate and glutathione contents and the antioxidant enzyme activities superoxide ... | 2008 | 18333999 |
| gene expression analysis in citrus reveals the role of gibberellins on photosynthesis and stress. | the effect of gibberellins (ga) on internode transcriptome was investigated in transgenic carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata) plants overexpressing endogenous ccga20ox1 (encoding a ga biosynthetic gene), and in non-transformed explants treated with ga(3), using a citrus cdna microarray. substantial modulation of gene expression was found in sense ccga20ox plants. extensive up-regulation of genes involved in photosynthesis and carbon utilization, and down-regulation of those ... | 2008 | 18684239 |
| tetraploid citrus rootstocks are more tolerant to salt stress than diploid. | citrus trees are subject to several abiotic constraints such as salinity. providing new rootstocks more tolerant is thus a requirement. in this article, we investigated salt stress tolerance of three tetraploid rootstock genotypes when compared to their respective diploid rootstocks (poncirus trifoliata, carrizo citrange, cleopatra mandarin). plant growth, leaf fall and ion contents were investigated. at the end of the experiment, leaf fall was observed only for diploid poncirus trifoliata plant ... | 2008 | 18722990 |
| flavonoid profiling in leaves of citrus genotypes under different environmental situations. | citrumelo cpb 4475 and carrizo citrange are two citrus genotypes that differ in their tolerance to abiotic stress. little information is found on flavonoid content in citrus leaves and even less on the role of flavonoids on citrus tolerance to environmental stress. this work developed a multiplexed approach utilizing hplc-dad-esi-ms and nmr for the identification and profiling of flavonoids in citrus leaves. a total of 47 phenolic compounds were detected and 45 tentatively identified. eleven of ... | 2008 | 19007170 |
| membrane transporters and carbon metabolism implicated in chloride homeostasis differentiate salt stress responses in tolerant and sensitive citrus rootstocks. | salinity tolerance in citrus is strongly related to leaf chloride accumulation. both chloride homeostasis and specific genetic responses to cl(-) toxicity are issues scarcely investigated in plants. to discriminate the transcriptomic network related to cl(-) toxicity and salinity tolerance, we have used two cl(-) salt treatments (nacl and kcl) to perform a comparative microarray approach on two citrus genotypes, the salt-sensitive carrizo citrange, a poor cl(-) excluder, and the tolerant cleopat ... | 2009 | 19190944 |
| characterization of gibberellin 20-oxidases in the citrus hybrid carrizo citrange. | ccga20ox1 is a gene encoding a ga 20-oxidase, a gibberellin (ga) biosynthetic enzyme, previously isolated from the citrus hybrid carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis (l.) osbeck x poncirus trifoliata (l.) raf.). southern blot analysis of genomic dna of carrizo citrange with ccga20ox1 suggested the presence in the hybrid of another gene encoding another ga 20-oxidase. a cdna clone from this new gene (ccga20ox2) was isolated using rna from the other parent c. sinensis. ccga20ox2 encoded a protein of ... | 2009 | 19203975 |
| host range of a population of pratylenchus vulnus in commercial fruit, nut, citrus, and grape rootstocks in spain. | in a host-range study carried out under greenhouse conditions, a total of 37 commercial fruit tree, grape, and citrus rootstocks were tested for their reaction to a population of the lesion nematode, pratylenchus vulnus, in spain. twenty-five rootstocks had a pf/pi > 1.5. these included almond (desmayo rojo, 1143), apple (em-9, em-106), avocado (hass), cherry (santa lucia 64, camil, m x m 14, masto de montafiana), grape (41-b, fercal, ritcher 110), hazelnut (pauetet), loquat (nadal), peach (mont ... | 1992 | 19283047 |
| variation in radopholus citrophilus population densities in the citrus rootstock carrizo citrange. | seedlings of the hybrid citrus rootstock, carrizo citrange (citrus sinensis x poncirus trifoliata) do not uniformly limit development of the citrus burrowing nematode, radopholus citrophilus. variation in nematode population densities in roots of seedlings germinating from the same seed suggests that factors responsible for nematode incompatibility are not functional or are not inherited uniformly among progeny. seeds which produced a single seedling were more likely to produce plants which supp ... | 1986 | 19294135 |
| cl- homeostasis in includer and excluder citrus rootstocks: transport mechanisms and identification of candidate genes. | to reveal specific cl(-) transport activities in the symplastic pathway, uptake, long-distance transport and distribution of cl(-) have been investigated in the citrus rootstocks carrizo citrange (cc, cl(-) includer) and cleopatra mandarin (cm, cl(-) excluder). using an external concentration of 4.5 mm cl(-) , both species actively transported cl(-) to levels that exceeded the critical requirement concentration by one and two orders of magnitude in the excluder and the includer rootstocks, respe ... | 2010 | 20573047 |
| mosquito larvicidal activity of citrus limonoids against aedes albopictus. | citrus limonoids, nomilin and limonin, were used for larvicidal assay against aedes albopictus utilizing who methodology. lc(50s) were 305.83, 176.08, and 136.07 μm for nomilin and 850.09, 600.72, and 407.09 μm for limonin after 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. lt(50) assays exhibited that savage citrange oil was the best at all concentrations (400, 500, 600, and 700 ppm) while fairchild and cassa grande were the weakest oils at 400 ppm, but at 500, 600, and 700 ppm, carrizo citrange remained at ... | 2011 | 21212981 |
| root signalling and modulation of stomatal closure in flooded citrus seedlings. | in this work, we studied the sequence of responses induced by flooding in citrus plants, with the aim of identifying the signals that lead to stomatal closure. one-year-old seedlings of carrizo citrange, grown in sand under greenhouse conditions, were waterlogged for 35 d and compared with normally watered well-drained plants. significant decreases in stomatal conductance and transpiration were detected between flooded and control seedlings from a week after the beginning of the experiment. howe ... | 2011 | 21459591 |
| tetraploidization events by chromosome doubling of nucellar cells are frequent in apomictic citrus and are dependent on genotype and environment. | background and aims polyploidy is a major component of plant evolution. the citrus gene pool is essentially diploid but tetraploid plants are frequently encountered in seedlings of diploid apomictic genotypes. the main objectives of the present study were to establish the origin of these tetraploid plants and to ascertain the importance of genotypic and environmental factors on tetraploid formation. methods tetraploid seedlings from 30 diploid apomictic genotypes were selected by flow cytometry ... | 2011 | 21586529 |