| orthologs of magainin, pgla, procaerulein-derived, and proxenopsin-derived peptides from skin secretions of the octoploid frog xenopus amieti (pipidae). | the volcano clawed frog xenopus amieti kobel, du pasquier, fischberg, and gloor, 1980, with a chromosome number of 2n=72, is believed to have undergone two rounds of genome duplication since evolving from a diploid ancestor. nine peptides with differential antimicrobial activity against escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus were isolated from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of x. amieti that showed structural similarity to peptides previously isolated from the tetraploid frog x. l ... | 2010 | 20226221 |
| caerulein-and xenopsin-related peptides with insulin-releasing activities from skin secretions of the clawed frogs, xenopus borealis and xenopus amieti (pipidae). | caerulein-related peptides were identified in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the tetraploid frog xenopus borealis and the octoploid frog xenopus amieti using negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry and their primary structures determined by positive ion tandem (ms/ms) mass spectrometry. x. borealis caerulein-b1 (pglu-gln-asp-tyr(so(3))-gly-thr-gly-trp-met-asp-phe.nh2) contains an additional gly(5) residue compared with x. laevis caerulein and caerulein-b2 (pglu-asp-tyr(so(3))-t ... | 2011 | 21458457 |
| host-defense peptides in skin secretions of african clawed frogs (xenopodinae, pipidae). | african clawed frogs of the xenopodinae (xenopus+silurana) constitute a well-defined system in which to study the evolutionary trajectory of duplicated genes and are a source of antimicrobial peptides with therapeutic potential. allopolyploidization events within the xenopodinae have given rise to tetraploid, octoploid, and dodecaploid species. the primary structures and distributions of host-defense peptides from the tetraploid frogs xenopus borealis, xenopusclivii, xenopuslaevis, xenopusmuelle ... | 2011 | 22036891 |
| antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties of pgla-am1, cpf-am1, and magainin-am1: potent activity against oral pathogens. | cationic amphipathic α-helical peptides are intensively studied classes of host defence peptides (hdps). three peptides, peptide glycine-leucine-amide (pgla-am1), caerulein-precursor fragment (cpf-am1) and magainin-am1, originally isolated from norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the african volcano frog xenopus amieti (pipidae), were studied for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities against oral and respiratory pathogens. minimal effective concentrations (mecs), determine ... | 2014 | 25447193 |
| host-defense peptides from skin secretions of fraser's clawed frog xenopus fraseri (pipidae): further insight into the evolutionary history of the xenopodinae. | peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions of the tetraploid frog xenopus fraseri boulenger, 1905 (pipidae) led to identification of 13 host-defense peptides. the primary structures of the peptides demonstrate that they belong to the magainin (3 peptides), peptide glycine-leucine-amide, pgla (4 peptides), and xenopsin-precursor fragment, xpf (2 peptides) families, first identified in xenopus laevis, together with caerulein precursor fragment-related peptides, cpf-rp (4 pept ... | 2014 | 25463057 |
| host-defense peptides from skin secretions of the octoploid frogs xenopus vestitus and xenopus wittei (pipidae): insights into evolutionary relationships. | the primary structures of host-defense peptides have proved useful in elucidating the evolution history of frogs. peptidomic analysis was used to compare the diversity of host-defense peptides in norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from the octoploid frogs, xenopus vestitus (kivu clawed frog) and xenopus wittei (de witte's clawed frog) in the family pipidae. structural characterization demonstrated that the x. vestitus peptides belong to the magainin (3 peptides), peptide glycine-leucine-a ... | 2014 | 25086320 |
| frog skin peptides (tigerinin-1r, magainin-am1, -am2, cpf-am1, and pgla-am1) stimulate secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (glp-1) by glutag cells. | skin secretions of several frog species contain host-defense peptides with multiple biological activities including in vitro and in vivo insulin-releasing actions. this study investigates the effects of tigerinin-1r from hoplobatrachus rugulosus (dicroglossidae) and magainin-am1, magainin-am2, caerulein precursor fragment (cpf-am1) and peptide glycine leucine amide (pgla-am1) from xenopus amieti (pipidae) on glp-1 secretion from glutag cells. tigerinin-1r showed the highest potency producing a s ... | 2013 | 23291176 |
| actions of pgla-am1 and its [a14k] and [a20k] analogues and their therapeutic potential as anti-diabetic agents. | pgla-am1 (gmaskagsvl10gkvakvalka20al.nh2) was first identified in skin secretions of the frog xenopus amieti (pipidae) on the basis of its antimicrobial properties. pgla-am1 and its [a14k] and [a20k] analogues produced a concentration-dependent stimulation of insulin release from brin-bd11 rat clonal β-cells without cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 3 μm. in contrast, the [a3k] analogue was cytotoxic at concentrations ≥ 30 nm. the potency and maximum rate of insulin release produced by the [a ... | 2017 | 28392407 |
| peptidomic analysis of the extensive array of host-defense peptides in skin secretions of the dodecaploid frog xenopus ruwenzoriensis (pipidae). | the uganda clawed frog xenopus ruwenzoriensis with a karyotype of 2n=108 is one of the very few vertebrates with dodecaploid status. peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from this species led to the isolation and structural characterization of 23 host-defense peptides belonging to the following families: magainin (3 peptides), peptide glycine-leucine-amide (pgla; 6 peptides), xenopsin precursor fragment (xpf; 3 peptides), caerulein precursor fragment (cpf; 8 peptides) ... | 2016 | 27290612 |
| genetics, morphology, advertisement calls, and historical records distinguish six new polyploid species of african clawed frog (xenopus, pipidae) from west and central africa. | african clawed frogs, genus xenopus, are extraordinary among vertebrates in the diversity of their polyploid species and the high number of independent polyploidization events that occurred during their diversification. here we update current understanding of the evolutionary history of this group and describe six new species from west and central sub-saharan africa, including four tetraploids and two dodecaploids. we provide information on molecular variation, morphology, karyotypes, vocalizati ... | 2015 | 26672747 |
| host-defense and trefoil factor family peptides in skin secretions of the mawa clawed frog xenopus boumbaensis (pipidae). | peptidomic analysis of norepinephrine-stimulated skin secretions from the octoploid mawa clawed frog xenopus boumbaensis loumont, 1983 led to the identification and characterization of 15 host-defense peptides belonging to the magainin (two peptides), peptide glycine-leucine-amide (pgla; three peptides), xenopsin precursor fragment (xpf; three peptides), caerulein precursor fragment (cpf; two peptides), and caerulein precursor fragment-related peptide (cpf-rp; five peptides) families. in additio ... | 2015 | 25849343 |
| magainin-related peptides stimulate insulin-release and improve glucose tolerance in high fat fed mice. | earlier peptidomic analysis of the skin secretion of xenopus amieti led to the identification of orthologs of magainins and other peptides. this study investigated the degradation, in vitro insulin-releasing and acute metabolic effects of magainin-am1 (gikefahslgkfg kafvggilnq) and magainin-am2 (gvskilhsagkfgkaflgeimks). plasma degradation was investigated using reversed-phase hplc and maldi-tof mass spectroscopy. insulin-releasing effects were determined using brin-bd11 clonal beta cells and mo ... | 2014 | 25544592 |