| genetic variability is correlated with population size and reproduction in american wild-rice (zizania palustris var. palustris, poaceae) populations. | american wild-rice (zizania palustris var. palustris) has served as a staple for indigenous north americans for thousands of years, but has had significant habitat losses in recent centuries. we investigated genetic variability among 17 wild-rice populations in northern wisconsin using 13 isozyme markers. we then compared these genetic patterns to differences in habitat and population characteristics and phenotypic variation in plant growth and reproduction across sites. wild-rice's mean genetic ... | 2005 | 21652483 |
| agricultural wetlands as potential hotspots for mercury bioaccumulation: experimental evidence using caged fish. | wetlands provide numerous ecosystem services, but also can be sources of methylmercury (mehg) production and export. rice agricultural wetlands in particular may be important sites for mehg bioaccumulation due to their worldwide ubiquity, periodic flooding schedules, and high use by wildlife. we assessed mehg bioaccumulation within agricultural and perennial wetlands common to california's central valley during summer, when the majority of wetland habitats are shallowly flooded rice fields. we i ... | 2010 | 20067279 |
| expression of "dehydrin-like" proteins in embryos and seedlings of zizania palustris and oryza sativa during dehydration. | proteins inducible by dehydration and abscisic acid (aba), termed dehydrins or rab (responsive to aba) proteins, have been identified in a number of species and have been suggested to play a role in desiccation tolerance, particularly during seed development. seeds (caryopses) of north american wild rice (zizania palustris var interior [fassett] dore) are tolerant of dehydration to <10% moisture content (fresh weight basis) only under restricted dehydration and rehydration conditions. in compari ... | 1992 | 16668912 |
| effects of excess copper on growth of wild rice (zizania palustris) seedlings tested in reconstituted and natural waters. | dissolved copper was toxic to wild rice (zizania palustris) seedlings when exposed in water from the seed collection site of swamp creek, crandon, wisconsin, usa, and in laboratory-prepared artificial or reconstituted water. seeds for the study were harvested, then held through a portion of dormancy, in swamp creek. after 60 days they were shipped to a laboratory, chilled, and tested with copper after germination. the end point of the tests was net gain in wet weight of the seedlings; additional ... | 2003 | 14986896 |
| chiral response of oryzeae and paniceae plants in alpha-methylbenzyl-3-p-tolyl urea agar medium. | the results presented here support the hypothesis that plants of the tribe oryzeae respond enantioselectively and homogeneously to optically active 1-alpha-methylbenzyl-3-p-tolylurea (mbtu) in root growth inhibition, in contrast to echinochloa species. the oryzeae plants tested in this study belong to different genera (oryza, leersia, chikusichloa and zizania), to different species (o sativa, o glaberrima, o alta, o coarctata, o latifolia, o minuta, o rufipogon), to various ecospecies of oryza ( ... | 2004 | 14727742 |
| comparative genetics at the gene and chromosome levels between rice ( oryza sativa) and wildrice ( zizania palustris). | using comparative genetics, genes, repetitive dna sequences and chromosomes were studied in the oryzeae in order to more fully exploit the rice genome sequence data. of particular focus was zizania palustris l., n = 15, commonly known as american wildrice. previous work has shown that rice chromosomes 1, 4 and 9 are duplicated in wildrice. the adh1 and adh2 genes were sequenced and, based on phylogenetic analyses, found to be duplicated in wildrice. the majority of the sequence diversity in the ... | 2003 | 12904864 |
| genetic dissection of seed shattering, agronomic, and color traits in american wildrice ( zizania palustris var. interior l.) with a comparative map. | a comparative map of american wildrice ( zizania palustris var. interior l.) was used to identify loci controlling seed shattering, plant height, maturity, tiller number, plant habit, panicle length seed length, and color traits. two to six significant quantitative-trait-loci (qtls, p < 0.05) were detected for each trait evaluated, representing the first trait-mapping in wildrice. the chosen population was designed to emphasize the mapping of loci controlling the shattering trait, which is the m ... | 2002 | 12582936 |
| development of desiccation tolerance during embryogenesis in rice (oryza sativa) and wild rice (zizania palustris) (dehydrin expression, abscisic acid content, and sucrose accumulation). | the ability of seeds to withstand desiccation develops during embryogenesis and differs considerably among species. paddy rice (oryza sativa l.) grains readily survive dehydration to as low as 2% water content, whereas north american wild rice (zizania palustris var interior [fasset] dore) grains are not tolerant of water contents below 6% and are sensitive to drying and imbibition conditions. during embryogenesis, dehydrin proteins, abscisic acid (aba), and saccharides are synthesized, and all ... | 1994 | 12232094 |
| recovery of embryos of zizania palustris following exposure to liquid nitrogen. | factors affecting survival of embryos of zizania palustris after exposure to liquid nitrogen were investigated. moisture content was the most critical factor. embryos desiccated to a moisture content between 0.36 and 0.56 g water per g dry weight had highest survival after liquid nitrogen exposure (56 +/- 4% and 52 +/- 9% respectively). the recovery of embryos in the light following liquid nitrogen exposure also influenced survival. survival increased from 35 +/- 4% to 56 +/- 4% when embryos con ... | 2000 | 12148031 |
| developmental events associated with the critical stage for sex determination in wild-rice florets. | the developmental events of florets and a critical stage for sex determination in two wild-rice populations (zizania palustris cv. franklin and zizania palustris cv. k-2pi) have been identified. formation of bisexual florets precedes the development of both male and female florets. developmental indicators, established by measuring the length of florets and panicles, indicate that the critical stage for sex determination occurs when floret and panicle lengths are 1-2 mm and 3 cm, respectively. t ... | 1999 | 10568779 |
| nitrogen, phosphorus and light effects on growth and allocation of biomass and nutrients in wild rice. | separating plastic from ontogenetic and growth-limiting responses of plants to changes in resource availability can be challenging because there are a total of eight combinations of these three types of responses. these can, however, be uniquely distinguished on plots of root:shoot ratios against total biomass through time. we used this approach to separate ontogenetic, plastic, and growth-limiting responses of wild rice (zizania palustris l.) to changes in nitrogen, phosphorus, and light availa ... | 2012 | 22407062 |
| wild rice (zizania palustris l.) prevents atherogenesis in ldl receptor knockout mice. | dietary modifications including healthy eating constitute one of the first line strategies for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (cvd) risk factors including high cholesterol and atherosclerosis. the purpose of the present study was to investigate the potential cardiovascular benefits of wild rice in male and female ldl-receptor-deficient (ldlr-ko) mice. | 2013 | 24075758 |
| toxicity of sulfate and chloride to early life stages of wild rice (zizania palustris). | despite the importance of wild rice (zizania palustris) in the great lakes region of north america, its sensitivity to sulfate is not well understood. a 21-d hydroponic experiment was performed to determine the toxicity of sulfate to wild rice seeds and seedlings. effects of 6 sulfate concentrations ranging from 10 mg/l to 5000 mg/l and of chloride salts at equivalent conductivity were evaluated to determine whether adverse effects were attributable to sulfate or to conductivity-related stress. ... | 2014 | 25209974 |
| effects of sulfate and sulfide on the life cycle of zizania palustris in hydroponic and mesocosm experiments. | under oxygenated conditions, sulfate is relatively non-toxic to aquatic plants. however, in water-saturated soils, which are usually anoxic, sulfate can be reduced to toxic sulfide. although the direct effects of sulfate and sulfide on the physiology of a few plant species have been studied in some detail, their cumulative effects on a plant's life cycle through inhibition of seed germination, seedling survival, growth, and seed production have been less well studied. we investigated the effect ... | 2017 | 28052501 |
| toxicity of sulfide to early life stages of wild rice (zizania palustris). | the sensitivity of wild rice (zizania palustris) to sulfide is not well understood. because sulfate in surface waters is reduced to sulfide by anaerobic bacteria in sediments and historical information indicated that 10 mg/l sulfate in minnesota (usa) surface water reduced z. palustris abundance, the minnesota pollution control agency established 10 mg/l sulfate as a water quality criterion in 1973. a 21-d daily-renewal hydroponic study was conducted to evaluate sulfide toxicity to wild rice and ... | 2017 | 28169454 |
| γ-oryzanols of north american wild rice (zizania palustris). | γ-oryzanol, a natural mixture of ferulic acid esters of triterpene alcohols and sterols, are an important bioactive components present in rice bran oil. in light of the recent increase in the popularity of wild rice among consumers, and the possibility of a direct relationship between γ-oryzanol composition and its bioactivity, the oryzanol profile of major wild rice (zizania palustris) grown in north america was studied and compared to regular brown rice (oryza sativa l.). a total of twenty-thr ... | 2013 | 23913975 |
| genome assembly of the fungus cochliobolus miyabeanus, and transcriptome analysis during early stages of infection on american wildrice (zizania palustris l.). | the fungus cochliobolus miyabeanus causes severe leaf spot disease on rice (oryza sativa) and two north american specialty crops, american wildrice (zizania palustris) and switchgrass (panicum virgatum). despite the importance of c. miyabeanus as a disease-causing agent in wildrice, little is known about either the mechanisms of pathogenicity or host defense responses. to start bridging these gaps, the genome of c. miyabeanus strain tg12bl2 was shotgun sequenced using illumina technology. the ge ... | 2016 | 27253872 |