| isomer-specific accumulation and toxic assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls, including coplanar congeners, in cetaceans from the north pacific and asian coastal waters. | to elucidate the global distribution and toxicological impacts of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) on cetaceans, the present study determined the concentrations of individual pcb congeners, including toxic non-ortho (iupac nos. 77, 126, 169) and mono-ortho (iupac nos. 105, 118, 156) coplanar congeners, in the blubber of 10 species of adult male odontocetes collected from several locations in the north pacific ocean and along coastal waters of japan, hong kong, the philippines, and india during 1 ... | 2000 | 10948292 |
| an insight into the epidemiology of dolphin morbillivirus worldwide. | serum samples from 288 cetaceans representing 25 species and originating from 11 different countries were collected between 1995 and 1999 and examined for the presence of dolphin morbillivirus (dmv)-specific antibodies by an indirect elisa (ielisa) (n = 267) or a plaque reduction assay (n = 21). a total of 35 odontocetes were seropositive: three harbour porpoises (phocoena phocoena) and a common dolphin (delphinus delphis) from the northeastern (ne) atlantic, a bottlenose dolphin (tursiops trunc ... | 2001 | 11390111 |
| additional records of metazoan parasites from caribbean marine mammals, including genetically identified anisakid nematodes. | studies of marine mammal parasites in the caribbean are scarce. an assessment for marine mammal endo- and ectoparasites from puerto rico and the virgin islands, but extending to other areas of the caribbean, was conducted between 1989 and 1994. the present study complements the latter and enhances identification of anisakid nematodes using molecular markers. parasites were collected from 59 carcasses of stranded cetaceans and manatees from 1994 to 2006, including globicephala macrorhynchus, kogi ... | 2009 | 19582477 |
| metazoan parasites of cetaceans off the northeastern coast of brazil. | this study represents the first survey of the parasitic fauna of cetaceans off the northeastern coast of brazil. parasites were collected from 82 animals rescued from the states of ceará to bahia, including the archipelago of fernando de noronha. a total of 14 species of cetaceans were evaluated: sotalia guianensis, stenella sp., stenella clymene, stenella longirostris, stenella coeruleoalba, stenella frontalis, megaptera novaeangliae, peponocephala electra, steno bredanensis, kogia breviceps, k ... | 2010 | 20638793 |
| pops in the south latin america: bioaccumulation of ddt, pcb, hcb, hch and mirex in blubber of common dolphin (delphinus delphis) and fraser's dolphin (lagenodelphis hosei) from argentina. | organic compounds, in particular organochlorines, are highly persistent compounds which accumulate in biotic and abiotic substrates. marine mammals bioaccumulate and biomagnify persistent organic pollutants (pops) through diet. ∑pcb (26 pcb congeners), ∑ddt (pp-ddt, pp-ddd, pp-dde), ∑hch (α-hch, β-hch, γ-hch, δ-hch), hcb and mirex were analyzed from samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue of common dolphins, delphinus delphis, and fraser's dolphins, lagenodelphis hosei, obtained in 1999 and 2012. ... | 2016 | 27509073 |
| trophic relationships and habitat preferences of delphinids from the southeastern brazilian coast determined by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition. | to investigate the foraging habitats of delphinids in southeastern brazil, we analyzed stable carbon (δ(13)c) and nitrogen (δ(15)n) isotopes in muscle samples of the following 10 delphinid species: sotalia guianensis, stenella frontalis, tursiops truncatus, steno bredanensis, pseudorca crassidens, delphinus sp., lagenodelphis hosei, stenella attenuata, stenella longirostris and grampus griseus. we also compared the δ(13)c and δ(15)n values among four populations of s. guianensis. variation in ca ... | 2013 | 24358155 |
| histological, immunohistochemical and pathological features of the pituitary gland of odontocete cetaceans from the western gulf of mexico. | pituitary glands were recovered from dolphins and small whales found stranded along the texas coast of the gulf of mexico over a 15-year period (1991-2006). one hundred animals of 14 species were found to be suitable for inclusion in this study. of these, 72 were atlantic bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus). other species included were the melon-headed whale (peponocephala electra), spinner dolphin (stenella longirostris), striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba), pantropical spotted dolphin ... | 2008 | 18621384 |
| morphology of the complex laryngeal gland in the atlantic bottlenose dolphin, tursiops truncatus. | a complex lymphoepithelial gland is a constant feature in the larynx of atlantic bottlenose dolphins, tursiops truncatus, based on study of 56 animals. larynges were removed from fresh, non-decomposed beach-stranded animals for gross examination and histological sampling. a large lymphoepithelial gland occurs in the rostro-ventral mucosa of the larynx, overlying the cricoid cartilage. it presents as a well-defined, elevated, and heavily trabeculated area. histological examination reveals a pseud ... | 1999 | 9892423 |
| investigation of trophic level and niche partitioning of 7 cetacean species by stable isotopes, and cadmium and arsenic tissue concentrations in the western pacific ocean. | a total of 24 stranded or bycatch cetaceans, including balaenoptera omurai, lagenodelphis hosei, kogia sima, stenella attenuata, grampus griseus, neophocaena phocaenoides, and sousa chinensis, were collected from 2001 to 2011 in taiwan. using the muscular δ(13)c and δ(15)n data, three ecological groups were identified as the oceanic baleen whale, the neritic, and the coastal toothed whale groups, coinciding with their taxonomy, feeding habits and geographical distribution. a horizontal inshore t ... | 2015 | 25684592 |
| profiling and spatial variation analysis of persistent organic pollutants in south african delphinids. | the continuous disposal of persistent organic pollutants (pops) in south africa (sa) warrants concern about their detrimental effects on humans and wildlife. we surveyed six dolphin species (n = 90) incidentally captured in shark net installations or stranded off the sa east and south coast from 2005 to 2009 to study the pop exposure. sousa plumbea, an inshore and estuarine species, was found to be the most contaminated by total pops (21 100 ng g(-1) lw) of all the dolphins off sa, followed by t ... | 2016 | 26967261 |
| organochlorine compound accumulation in delphinids from rio de janeiro state, southeastern brazilian coast. | the present study investigated organochlorine compound levels (pcbs, ddts and hcb) in blubber samples of six delphinid species from rio de janeiro state, southeastern brazilian coast. the species analyzed inhabit the continental shelf (one killer whale, one false killer whale, two bottlenose dolphins, three rough-toothed dolphins, and four long-beaked common dolphins) and open ocean (four fraser's dolphins). pcbs represented the greatest proportion of the sum of all measured organochlorines (fro ... | 2012 | 22771469 |
| dental pathology in dolphins (cetacea: delphinidae) from the southern coast of brazil. | pathological processes observed in the stomatognathic systems of mammalian species are a useful source of information about the habits, evolution and general health of such animals. studies of pathological conditions on teeth are common in humans and other primates, but rare in wild animals in general and marine mammals in particular. for cetaceans, previous studies provided scanty records of dental anomalies in a few species. this is the first broad and systematic inventory of dental pathology ... | 2011 | 21790069 |
| myoglobin in pelagic small cetaceans. | although myoglobin (mb) is considered to contribute significantly to the oxygen and diving capacity of marine mammals, few data are available for cetaceans. cetacean by-catch in the tuna driftnet fisheries in the sulu sea, philippines, afforded the opportunity to examine mb content and distribution, and to determine muscle mass composition, in fraser's (lagenodelphis hosei) and spinner (stenella longirostris) dolphins and a pygmy killer whale (feresa attenuata). age was estimated by body length ... | 1999 | 9882635 |
| tissue concentrations of four taiwanese toothed cetaceans indicating the silver and cadmium pollution in the western pacific ocean. | muscle, lung, kidney and liver tissues of 45 bycatch and stranded cetaceans, including 14 grampus griseus (gg), 7 kogia simus (ks), 10 lagenodelphis hosei (lh), and 14 stenella attenuata (sa), were collected in the waters off taiwan from 1994 to 1995, and from 2001 to 2012. baseline concentrations (in μgg(-1) dry weight) of the cetaceans were lung (<0.05)=muscle (<0.05)<kidney (0.08±0.04)<liver (0.43±0.28) for ag, and muscle (0.03±0.03)=lung (0.22±0.19)<liver (3.82±3.50)<kidney (16.22±18.81) for ... | 2017 | 28442199 |
| [determination of trace elements in marine cetaceans by icp-ms and health risk assessment]. | the liver, kidney and muscle samples from seven cetaceans were digested by microwave digestion, and trace elements amounts of v, cd, cu, zn, as, cr, ni, mn, se, hg and pb were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms), and the health risk assessment for zn, cu, cd, hg, se in the liver was conducted. the results of international lobster hepatopancreas standard (tort-2) showed acceptable agreement with the certified values, and the relative standard deviation (rsd) of ele ... | 2015 | 26669139 |
| living in the fast lane: rapid development of the locomotor muscle in immature harbor porpoises (phocoena phocoena). | cetaceans (dolphins and whales) are born into the aquatic environment and are immediately challenged by the demands of hypoxia and exercise. this should promote rapid development of the muscle biochemistry that supports diving, but previous research on two odontocete (toothed whales and dolphins) species showed protracted postnatal development for myoglobin content and buffering capacity. a minimum of 1 and 1.5 years were required for fraser's (lagenodelphis hosei) and bottlenose (tursiops trunc ... | 2014 | 25150059 |
| organochlorine concentrations (pcbs, ddts, hchs, hcb and mirex) in delphinids stranded at the northeastern brazil. | organochlorine compounds are highly persistent in the environment, causing bioaccumulation and biomagnification through the marine food chain. to verify the bioaccumulation pattern of ddt and its metabolites, as well as pcbs, mirex, hchs and hcb, samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue from 25 guiana dolphins (sotalia guianensis), two fraser's dolphins (lagenodelphis hosei), two spinner dolphins (stenella longirostris), one spotted dolphin (stenella frontalis), and one striped dolphin (stenella c ... | 2014 | 24291562 |
| testing mitochondrial sequences and anonymous nuclear markers for phylogeny reconstruction in a rapidly radiating group: molecular systematics of the delphininae (cetacea: odontoceti: delphinidae). | many molecular phylogenetic analyses rely on dna sequence data obtained from single or multiple loci, particularly mitochondrial dna loci. however, phylogenies for taxa that have undergone recent, rapid radiation events often remain unresolved. alternative methodologies for discerning evolutionary relationships under these conditions are desirable. the dolphin subfamily delphininae is a group that has likely resulted from a recent and rapid radiation. despite several efforts, the evolutionary re ... | 2009 | 19811651 |
| protein gene product 9.5-immunoreactive neurons in the retina of striped dolphin (stenella coeruleoalba) and fraser dolphin (lagenodelphis hosei). | this study demonstrates immunocytochemically that protein gene product 9.5 (pgp 9.5), a neuronal marker, is expressed by various populations of retinal cells in stenella coeruleoalba (striped dolphin) and lagenodelphis hosei (fraser dolphin): one in the retinal ganglion cells and the other in the inner nuclear layer, resembling horizontal and amacrine cells. the specific distribution of pgp 9.5 in a dolphin closely resembles that in rodents and carnivores; however, some differences arise among t ... | 1999 | 10496089 |