| some factors affecting the activity of diethylpyrocarbonate as a sterilant. | quantitative data indicated logarithmic death in 5 degrees brix concord grape juice when concentrations of cells under 10(7)/ml were exposed to diethylpyrocarbonate (depc). species differed considerably in their resistance; e.g., 50 ppm reduced the viable count of saccharomyces cerevisiae over nine log(10) cycles, whereas 200 ppm reduced the count of byssochlamys fulva ascospores by only about 1 log. depc lethality was enhanced by higher temperatures; destruction at 40 c was 10- to 100-fold grea ... | 1973 | 4577484 |
| mutagen content of table wines made from various grape species and hybrid cultivars. | the mutagen content of wines produced from the european vitis vinifera grapes was compared with that of wines produced from hybrids of v. vinifera and species indigenous to north america. mutagens were extracted on an xad-2 amberlite resin column and activated with s-9 and/or faecalase in the salmonella/microsomal mutagen assay. all white wines had insignificant mutagen levels. the only red wine to produce statistically significant reversion frequencies was that made from the concord grape. the ... | 1984 | 6373529 |
| production of alternariol and alternariol methyl ether by alternaria alternata grown on fruits at various temperatures. | two toxigenic strains of the fungus alternaria alternata (atcc 56836 and atcc 66868) were grown on surface-disinfected, fresh, ripe fruits and tested for the production of alternariol (aoh) and alternariol methyl ether (ame). examined fruits included strawberries; red and green seedless grapes; concord grapes; red delicious, golden delicious, and gala apples; and blueberries. after inoculation, fruits were incubated at 4, 10 degrees c, or room temperature (approximately 21 degrees c) for up to 3 ... | 2001 | 11307891 |
| isolation and characterization of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxing compounds from grape seeds. | previous work has shown that red wines, grape juices, and other grape products cause endothelium-dependent relaxation (edr) of blood vessels in vitro by increasing nitric oxide production. in this paper we describe the isolation and characterization of some of the compounds responsible for edr activity. concord grape seeds were extracted with methanol and the compounds were separated by toyopearl tsk hw-40s chromatography. resulting fractions (primarily phenolic acids, catechins, and proanthocya ... | 2000 | 11312812 |
| orthologs in arabidopsis thaliana of the hsp70 interacting protein hip. | the hsp70-interacting protein hip binds to the adenosine triphosphatase domain of hsp70, stabilizing it in the adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ligated conformation and promoting binding of target polypeptides. in mammalian cells, hip is a component of the cytoplasmic chaperone heterocomplex that regulates signal transduction via interaction with hormone receptors and protein kinases. analysis of the complete genome sequence of the model flowering plant arabidopsis thaliana revealed 2 genes encoding hip ... | 2001 | 11599566 |
| vasodilating procyanidins derived from grape seeds. | we have shown in previous work that extracts of grape seeds (gse) and skins, grape juice, and many red wines exhibit endothelium-dependent relaxing (edr) activity in vitro. this edr activity involves endothelial nitric oxide (no) release and subsequent increase in cyclic gmp levels in the vascular smooth muscle cells. the no/cyclic gmp pathway is known to be involved in many cardiovascular-protective roles. the current study focuses on the isolation and identification of edr-active compounds (pr ... | 2002 | 12074963 |
| the hydraulic conductance of the angiosperm leaf lamina: a comparison of three measurement methods. | a comparison was made of three methods for measuring the leaf lamina hydraulic conductance (k(lamina)) for detached mature leaves of six woody temperate angiosperm species. the high-pressure method, the evaporative flux method and the vacuum pump method involve, respectively, pushing, evaporating and pulling water out of the lamina while determining the flow rate into the petiole and the water potential drop across the leaf. tests were made of whether the high-pressure method and vacuum pump met ... | 2002 | 12379784 |
| antihypertensive, vasodilator and antioxidant effects of a vinifera grape skin extract. | cumulative evidence suggests that moderate wine consumption exerts a cardioprotective effect. we investigated the occurrence of an antihypertensive effect of an alcohol-free hydroalcoholic grape skin extract (gse) obtained from skins of a vinifera grape (vitis labrusca) in experimental rodent hypertension models. the vasodilator effect of gse (polyphenols concentration 55.5 mg g(-1)) was also assessed in the isolated mesenteric vascular bed of wistar rats and the antioxidant effect was studied o ... | 2002 | 12495554 |
| both xanthophyll cycle-dependent thermal dissipation and the antioxidant system are up-regulated in grape (vitis labrusca l cv concord) leaves in response to n limitation. | one-year-old grapevines (vitis labrusca l. cv. concord) were supplied with 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm nitrogen (n) in a modified hoagland's solution twice weekly for 4 weeks. as leaf n decreased in response to n limitation, leaf chlorophyll (chl) decreased linearly whereas leaf absorptance declined curvilinearly. compared with high n leaves, low n leaves had lower quantum efficiency of psii as a result of both an increase in non-photochemical quenching (npq) and an increase in closure of psii reacti ... | 2003 | 12885856 |
| inhibition of rat mammary tumorigenesis by concord grape juice constituents. | the effects of concord grape juice constituents on the promotion of chemically induced rat mammary tumor development and on the proliferation of a rat mammary adenocarcinoma cell line were studied. isocaloric grape juice formulations provided in the drinking fluid of rats at concentrations of 489 and 651 mg of phenolics/dl of fluid significantly inhibited mammary adenocarcinoma multiplicity compared to controls. final tumor mass also was significantly decreased for animals provided these two gra ... | 2003 | 14640571 |
| genotoxic evaluation of a vinifera skin extract that present pharmacological activities. | toxicity of an alcohol-free hydro-alcoholic grape skin extract (gse) obtained from red grapes vitis labrusca (isabel varietal) that present antihypertensive, vasodilator and antioxidant effects was estimated by different bioassays. using the salmonella/microsome assay for strains ta97, ta98, ta100 and ta102 no mutagenicity was detected for all tested concentrations (0.1-100 microg/ml), even with metabolization. nevertheless, cytotoxicity was observed for ta97 and ta102 with and without metaboliz ... | 2004 | 15110106 |
| concord grape juice supplementation reduces blood pressure in korean hypertensive men: double-blind, placebo controlled intervention trial. | many of the flavonoids found in grapes and grape products such as juice or wine have been known to exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, platelet inhibitory and arterial relaxing effects either in vitro, in animal studies and in human trials. this study was designed to test the effect of concord grape juice consumption on altering blood pressure in hypertensive patients. forty subjects were given 5.5 ml/kg body weight/day of either concord grape juice (cgj) or a calorie-matched placebo drink eve ... | 2004 | 15630270 |
| evaluation of photo-mutagenicity and photo-cytotoxicity of food coloring agents. | pigments extracted from natural products are widely used for food coloration in japan. an investigation concerning the photo-mutagenicity and photo-carcinogenicity of frequently used colorants in japan was performed. colorants examined were from laccifer lacca (lac-color), coccus cacti (cochineal-color), carthamus tinctorius (carthamus yellow), gardenia augusta (gardenia yellow and gardenia blue), monascus anka and monascus purpureus (monascus red), the skin of vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca ... | 2005 | 15843386 |
| purple grape juice inhibits 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced rat mammary tumorigenesis and in vivo dmba-dna adduct formation. | there has been considerable interest in identifying specific foods and phytochemicals that may have breast cancer preventive properties. concord grapes are rich in polyphenolic chemicals and anthocyanin pigments that may have biological properties which could suppress cancer such as having antioxidant, antiproliferative, and proapoptotic actions. to determine the potential breast cancer protective action of purple grape juice, we examined the effect of grape juice consumption on the initiation s ... | 2006 | 15878797 |
| mechanism of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator effect of an alcohol-free extract obtained from a vinifera grape skin. | an alcohol-free grape-skin extract (gse) obtained from skins of vitis labrusca has significant anti-hypertensive, antioxidant and vasodilator effects. according to our previous results, the vasodilator effect of gse in the isolated mesenteric vascular bed (mvb) of the rat is dependent on endothelium and partially dependent on nitric oxide (no). in the mvb of the rat pre-contracted with norepinephrine (ne), bolus injections of gse induced a long-lasting dose-dependent vasodilation that is signifi ... | 2005 | 16023862 |
| the biosynthesis and regulation of biosynthesis of concord grape fruit esters, including 'foxy' methylanthranilate. | the biosynthesis of methyl anthranilate, the volatile compound responsible for the distinctive 'foxy' aroma and flavor of the washington concord grape (vitis labrusca), involves an alcohol acyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of methyl anthranilate from anthraniloyl-coenzyme a (coa) and methanol. although methanol is a poor substrate in comparison with the co-substrate, high levels of this acyltransferase (0.5% of the total protein) combined with relatively high levels of this alcohol ma ... | 2005 | 16262710 |
| effects of concord grape juice on cognitive and motor deficits in aging. | animals and humans show increased motor and cognitive declines with aging that are thought to be due to increased susceptibility to the long-term effects of oxidative stress and inflammation. previous findings have suggested that reversals in these age-related declines might be accomplished by increasing the dietary intake of polyphenolics found in fruits and vegetables, especially those identified as being high in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. | 2006 | 16412610 |
| pomegranate juice protects nitric oxide against oxidative destruction and enhances the biological actions of nitric oxide. | pomegranate juice (pj), which is a rich source of potent flavonoid antioxidants, was tested for its capacity to protect nitric oxide (no) against oxidative destruction and enhance the biological actions of no. employing chemiluminescence headspace analysis, pj was found to be a potent inhibitor of superoxide anion-mediated disappearance of no. pj was much more potent than concord grape juice, blueberry juice, red wine, ascorbic acid, and dl-alpha-tocopherol. as little as 3 microl of a 6-fold dil ... | 2006 | 16626982 |
| concord grape juice attenuates platelet aggregation, serum cholesterol and development of atheroma in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. | intake of concord grape juice (cgj), rich in polyphenolics, inhibits platelet aggregation (pa), a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (cvd), in normocholesterolemic animals and humans. it is unclear whether cgj can attenuate hypercholesterolemia-enhanced pa. the effects of daily cgj consumption on hypercholesterolemia-enhanced pa and the development of atherosclerosis were investigated. two groups of rabbits (control and treated; n=10 each) were fed a hypercholesterolemic diet for 48 days. tr ... | 2007 | 16780846 |
| grape juice causes endothelium-dependent relaxation via a redox-sensitive src- and akt-dependent activation of enos. | an enhanced endothelial formation of nitric oxide (no) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (edhf), is thought to contribute to the protective effect of moderate consumption of red wine on coronary diseases. the present study has characterized endothelium-dependent relaxations to concord grape juice (cgj), a non-alcoholic rich source of grape-derived polyphenols, in the coronary artery. | 2007 | 16962569 |
| anthocyanin-rich grape extract blocks breast cell dna damage. | anthocyanins, belonging to the flavonoid family of phytochemicals, have received attention as agents that may have potential in preventing chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. in the present study, an anthocyanin-rich extract from concord grapes [referred to as concord grape extract (cge)] and the anthocyanin delphinidin were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit dna adduct formation due to the environmental carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (bp) in mcf-10f cells, a no ... | 2007 | 17651059 |
| genomic and genetic analysis of myb-related genes that regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis in grape berry skin. | as a result of natural hybridization and human selection over millennia, the skin colors of grapes have become greatly diversified. the color is determined by the quantity and composition of anthocyanins. color-skinned cultivars accumulate anthocyanins in their skins, whereas white-skinned cultivars do not. myb-related transcription-factor genes such as vvmyba1 regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis. vvmyba2r, vlmyba1-1, vlmyba1-2, and vlmyba2, which are homologs of vvmyba1, also regulate anthocyanin ... | 2008 | 18651125 |
| biological control of botrytis cinerea by volatiles of 'isabella' grapes. | abstract the effect of volatiles from cv. isabella (vitis labrusca) on the growth of botrytis cinerea was tested in vitro and in situ, in the latter case on 'roditis' grapes (v. vinifera), at various temperatures. the goal of the research was to determine whether the volatiles emitted by isabella grapes could be effective biocontrol agents of botrytis cinerea. the closed mariotte system was used as a bioassay method to analyze quantitatively the biological action of these volatiles on fungal gro ... | 2004 | 18943068 |
| postharvest biological control of botrytis cinerea on kiwifruit by volatiles of [isabella] grapes. | abstract the potential of volatile substances emitted by 'isabella' grapes (vitis labrusca) to control gray mold (botrytis cinerea) on 'hayward' kiwifruit (actinidia deliciosa) was studied. the closed mariotte system was used as a bioassay method to analyze quantitatively the biological action of these volatiles on b. cinerea growth. in vivo experiments compared the effects of volatiles from 'isabella' grapes versus volatiles from 'roditis' grapes (v. vinifera) and a b. cinerea control on the gr ... | 2004 | 18943697 |
| the epidemiology of powdery mildew on concord grapes. | abstract vitis labruscana 'concord' is a grape cultivar widely grown in the united states for processing into juice and other grape products. concord grapes are sporadically but sometimes severely damaged by the grape powdery mildew pathogen, uncinula necator. although the foliage is often reported to be moderately resistant to powdery mildew, severe fruit infection occurs in some years. we observed the seasonal development of powdery mildew on leaves, rachises, and berries of unsprayed concord ... | 2001 | 18944121 |
| effects of macroposthonia xenoplax on the growth of concord grape. | concord grape (vitis labrusca) plants were inoculated with macroposthonia xenoplax at levels of 100, 1,000, and 10,000 nematodes. after 4 months, plants inoculated with 10,000 m. xenoplax were stunted, and root systems were darker and had fewer feeder roots than those in other treatments. the lower nematode inoculation levels suppressed top growth but did not affect root growth. m. xenoplax reproduced well on concord grapes. | 1977 | 19305597 |
| phenolic content of grapevine leaves (vitis labrusca var. bordo) and its neuroprotective effect against peroxide damage. | in some countries, leaves of vitis vinifera grapes have been used for food and for treating many medical disorders. however, there are no studies on the leaves of vitis labrusca, the main species used for wine and juice production in south america. in this work, the phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of organic and conventional grape leaves extracts prepared from v. labrusca (var. bordo) in brain tissues (in vitro model) have been evaluated. both organic and conventional grape leaves ex ... | 2010 | 19699291 |
| purified berry anthocyanins but not whole berries normalize lipid parameters in mice fed an obesogenic high fat diet. | male c57bl/6 mice received diets with either 10% of kcal from fat, or a high fat diet [45% (hf45) or 60% (hf60) kcal from fat]. diets were prepared with or without freeze-dried powders (10%) from whole blueberries (bb), strawberries (sb), concord grape or black raspberry. in the 2nd study, purified anthocyanins (acns) from sb or bb were added to the drinking water of the treatments fed the hf60 diet. in study 1, serum triglycerides were increased by feeding the hf45 diet but were elevated furthe ... | 2009 | 19743407 |
| regular consumption of concord grape juice benefits human immunity. | γδ t cells are important immune surveillance cells residing in epithelial layers lining the intestine, lung, and reproductive tract. the main objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that consumption of dietary compounds from grapes would modify γδ t-cell function. other factors related to immune function after grape juice consumption were also tested. a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel intervention was conducted: 100% grape juice made from concord grapes or a pla ... | 2010 | 21138361 |
| evaluation of the potential protective effects of ad libitum black grape juice against liver oxidative damage in whole-body acute x-irradiated rats. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential protective effects of ad libitum black grape (vitis labrusca) juice against liver oxidative damage in whole-body acute x-irradiated rats. | 2011 | 21266186 |
| identification of (poly)phenolic compounds in concord grape juice and their metabolites in human plasma and urine after juice consumption. | analysis of concord grape juice by hplc with esi-msn, pda and fluorescence detection resulted in the identification and quantification of 60 flavonoids and related phenolic compounds which were present at an overall concentration of 1508 ± 31 µmol/l. a total of 25 anthocyanins were detected, which were mono- and di-o-glucosides, o-acetylglucosides, o-p-coumaroyl-o-diglucosides and o-p-coumaroylglucosides of delphinidin, cyanidin, petunidin, peonidin and malvidin. the anthocyanins represented 46% ... | 2011 | 21812481 |
| molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of three concord grape (vitis labrusca) flavonol 7-o-glucosyltransferases. | grapes berries produce and accumulate many reactive secondary metabolites, and encounter a wide range of pathogen- and human-derived xenobiotic compounds. the enzymatic glucosylation of these metabolites changes their reactivity, stability and subcellular location. two ests with more than 90% nucleotide sequence identity to three full-length glucosyltransferases are expressed in several grape tissues. the full-length clones have more than 60% amino acid sequence similarity to previously characte ... | 2011 | 21755362 |
| hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, and renal-protective effects of organic and conventional grapevine leaf extracts on wistar rat tissues. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the beneficial effects of organic and conventional grapevine (vitis labrusca l.) leaf extracts in reducing hydrogen peroxide-induced stress in the liver, heart and kidney of wistar rats by measuring lipids and proteins damages (carbonyl assay), as well as the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. the preincubation with 5 mg/ml of organic and conventional grapevine (vitis labrusca l.) leaf extracts prevented both lipids an ... | 2011 | 22146965 |
| endophytic fungi from vitis labrusca l. ('niagara rosada') and its potential for the biological control of fusarium oxysporum. | we investigated the diversity of endophytic fungi found on grape (vitis labrusca cv. niagara rosada) leaves collected from salesópolis, sp, brazil. the fungi were isolated and characterized by amplified ribosomal dna restriction analysis, followed by sequencing of the its1-5.8s-its2 rdna. in addition, the ability of these endophytic fungi to inhibit the grapevine pathogen fusarium oxysporum f. sp herbemontis was determined in vitro. we also observed that the climatic factors, such as temperature ... | 2012 | 23315803 |
| antioxidant effect of organic purple grape juice on exhaustive exercise. | this study aimed to assess the potential protective effect of organic purple grape juice (pgj) on oxidative stress produced by an exhaustive exercise bout in rats. to test this hypothesis, rats were acutely treated with organic pgj (vitis labrusca) and subsequently submitted to an exhaustive exercise bout. parameters of oxidative stress, such as thiobarbituric acid reactive species (tbars) levels, 2',7',-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (dcfh-da) oxidation, and nonprotein sulfhydryl levels (np-sh) ... | 2012 | 23668765 |
| a shift of phloem unloading from symplasmic to apoplasmic pathway is involved in developmental onset of ripening in grape berry. | it remains unclear whether the phloem unloading pathway alters to adapt to developmental transition in fleshy fruits that accumulate high level of soluble sugars. using a combination of electron microscopy, transport of the phloem-mobile symplasmic tracer carboxyfluorescein, movement of the companion cell-expressed and the green fluorescent protein-tagged viral movement protein, and assays of the sucrose cleavage enzymes, the pathway of phloem unloading was studied in the berries of a hybrid gra ... | 2006 | 16861573 |
| efficacy of origanum vulgare l. and rosmarinus officinalis l. essential oils in combination to control postharvest pathogenic aspergilli and autochthonous mycoflora in vitis labrusca l. (table grapes). | this study evaluated the efficacy of the application of the essential oils of origanum vulgare l. (oveo) and rosmarinus officinalis l. (roeo) alone and in combination to inhibit aspergillus flavus urm 4540 and aspergillus niger urm 5842 in fungal growth media and on vitis labrusca l. (table grapes). the influence on the autochthonous mycoflora and the physical, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the grapes during storage (25°c, 12days and 12°c, 24days) were also studied. the applicat ... | 2013 | 23810954 |
| effects of post-harvest treatment using chitosan from mucor circinelloides on fungal pathogenicity and quality of table grapes during storage. | the aim of this study was to extract chitosan (chi) from mucor circinelloides ucp 050 grown in a corn steep liquor (csl)-based medium under optimized conditions and to assess the efficacy of the obtained chi to inhibit the post-harvest pathogenic fungi aspergillus niger urm 5162 and rhizopus stolonifer urm 3482 in laboratory media and as a coating on table grapes (vitis labrusca l.). the effect of chi coating on some physical, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the fruits during stor ... | 2014 | 25084665 |
| efficacy of the application of a coating composed of chitosan and origanum vulgare l. essential oil to control rhizopus stolonifer and aspergillus niger in grapes (vitis labrusca l.). | this study evaluated the efficacy of the combined application of chitosan (chi) and origanum vulgare l. essential oil (ov) in the inhibition of rhizopus stolonifer urm 3728 and aspergillus niger urm 5842 on laboratory media and on grapes (vitis labrusca l.) and its influence on the physical, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the fruits during storage (25 °c, 12 days and 12 °c, 24 days). the application of mixtures of different chi and ov concentrations (minimum inhibitory concentrat ... | 2012 | 22986200 |
| effects of chitosan from cunninghamella elegans on virulence of post-harvest pathogenic fungi in table grapes (vitis labrusca l.). | this study aimed to obtain chitosan (chi) from cunninghamella elegans cultivated in corn step liquid (csl)-based medium under optimized conditions and to assess the efficacy of the obtained chi in inhibiting botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum in laboratory media and when applied as a coating on table grapes (vitis labrusca l.). moreover, the influence of chi-based coatings on several physical, physicochemical and sensory characteristics of the fruits during storage was assessed. according ... | 2014 | 24321603 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of udp-glucose: furaneol glucosyltransferase gene from grapevine cultivar muscat bailey a (vitis labrusca × v. vinifera). | 2,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-3(2h)-furanone (furaneol) is an important aroma compound in fruits, such as pineapple and strawberry, and is reported to contribute to the strawberry-like note in some wines. several grapevine species are used in winemaking, and furaneol is one of the characteristic aroma compounds in wines made from american grape (vitis labrusca) and its hybrid grape. furaneol glucoside was recently isolated as an important furaneol derivative from the hybrid grapevine cultivar, muscat b ... | 2015 | 26160581 |
| role of non-saccharomyces yeasts in korean wines produced from campbell early grapes: potential use of hanseniaspora uvarum as a starter culture. | several yeasts were isolated from campbell early grapes (vitis labrusca cultivar campbell early), the major grape cultivar in korea, grown in two different regions. pcr-rflp analysis of the its i-5.8s-its ii region showed that 34 isolates out of a total of 40 were in the same group. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the major strain belonged to one species, hanseniaspora uvarum, although they displayed some nucleotide mismatches between them. during spontaneous alcohol fermentation at 20 °c, t ... | 2013 | 23498200 |
| comparison of a pectinolytic extract of kluyveromyces marxianus and a commercial enzyme preparation in the production of ives (vitis labrusca) grape juice. | this study analyses the effect of the crude enzymatic extract produced by kluyveromyces marxianus (eeb) in the maceration and clarification of juice produced from ives (vitis labrusca) grapes compared to the commercial enzyme preparation pectinex(®)ultra color (pec). treatments were conducted with a total pectinolytic activity of 1 u/ml of fruit juice, at 40 °c, for 60 min. after the enzymatic treatment, the juices were evaluated with respect to yield, viscosity, and degree of clarification, as ... | 2015 | 25721421 |
| functional properties and stability of spray-dried pigments from bordo grape (vitis labrusca) winemaking pomace. | the stability of anthocyanin and phenolic compounds, the antioxidant capacity, the antimicrobial activity and the capacity to inhibit arginase from leishmania were evaluated in spray-dried powders from bordo grape winemaking pomace extract. the pigments were produced using maltodextrin as the carrier agent at concentrations varying from 10% to 30% and air entrance temperatures varying from 130 to 170°c. a sample of freeze-dried extract without the carrier was also evaluated. the anthocyanins in ... | 2014 | 24996348 |
| population trends and vertical distribution of plant-parasitic nematodes associated with vitis labrusca l. in michigan. | nematode population trends and vertical distribution were monitored in a southwest michigan vineyard (vitis labrusca cv. concord) from 1976 through 1983. shallow (20 cm) and deep (90 cm) applications of 1,3-dichloropropene applied at 281 (shallow) plus 658 or 1,122 (deep) liters/ ha provided excellent control of xiphinema americanum, criconemella xenoplax, and meloidogyne hapla. populations of x. americanum remained below detectable levels for the entire 8-year experimental period where the fumi ... | 1985 | 19294066 |
| reproduction and pathogenicity of three isolates of meloidogyne hapla race a on concord grapes. | | 1980 | 19300676 |
| effects of selected bioactive natural products on the vascular endothelium. | the endothelium, a highly active structure, regulates vascular homeostasis through the release of numerous vasoactive factors that control vascular tone and vascular smooth cell proliferation. a larger number of medicinal plants and their isolated chemical constituents have been shown to beneficially affect the endothelium. for example, flavonoids in black tea, green tea, and concord grape cause a vasodilation possibly through their antioxidant properties. allicin, a by-product of the enzyme all ... | 2013 | 23599064 |
| inhibition of nonenzymatic protein glycation by pomegranate and other fruit juices. | the nonenzymatic glycation of proteins and the formation of advanced glycation endproducts in diabetes leads to the crosslinking of proteins and disease complications. our study sought to demonstrate the effect of commonly consumed juices (pomegranate, cranberry, black cherry, pineapple, apple, and concord grape) on the fructose-mediated glycation of albumin. albumin glycation decreased by 98% in the presence of 10 μl of pomegranate juice/ml; other juices inhibited glycation by only 20%. pomegra ... | 2014 | 24433074 |
| molecular cloning and functional analysis of two fad2 genes from american grape (vitis labrusca l.). | the synthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufas), the most abundant fatty acids in plants, begins with a reaction catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase 2 (fad2; ec 1.3.1.35), also called microsomal oleate δ12-desaturase. since the fad2 gene was first identified in arabidopsis thaliana, fad2 research has gained wide interest as the essential enzyme for synthesizing pufa. grapes are one of the most frequently cultivated fruits in the world, with most commercial growers cultivating vitis vinifera ... | 2012 | 22955034 |
| anti-cancer activity of resveratrol and derivatives produced by grapevine cell suspensions in a 14 l stirred bioreactor. | in the present study, resveratrol and various oligomeric derivatives were obtained from a 14 l bioreactor culture of elicited grapevine cell suspensions (vitis labrusca l.). the crude ethyl acetate stilbene extract obtained from the culture medium was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography (cpc) using a gradient elution method and the major stilbenes contained in the fractions were subsequently identified by using a (13)c-nmr-based dereplication procedure and further 2d nmr analyse ... | 2017 | 28300789 |
| comparison between folin-ciocalteu and prussian blue assays to estimate the total phenolic content of juices and teas using 96-well microplates. | folin-ciocalteu colorimetric assay (fc) is the most widely used assay to estimate the total phenolic content in foods, beverages, herbs and other plant extracts, but many chemical compounds may act as interfering agents, producing inaccurate estimations of the real concentration of phenolic compounds in the matrix. based on this limitation, the objective of this study was to compare, quantitatively, the folin-ciocalteu and prussian blue (pb) assays in estimating the total phenolic content in pur ... | 2015 | 26448565 |
| comparison of antioxidant potency of commonly consumed polyphenol-rich beverages in the united states. | a number of different beverage products claim to have antioxidant potency due to their perceived high content of polyphenols. basic and applied research indicates that pomegranate juice (pj), produced from the wonderful variety of punica granatum fruits, has strong antioxidant activity and related health benefits. although consumers are familiar with the concept of free radicals and antioxidants, they are often misled by claims of superior antioxidant activity of different beverages, which are u ... | 2008 | 18220345 |
| a novel attractant for anastrepha ludens (diptera: tephritidae) from a concord grape product. | an attractant for mexican fruit fly, anastrepha ludens (loew) (diptera: tephritidae), was developed from a commercial product called sabor uva containing processed concord grape juice. the principal volatile components of sabor uva aroma were identified and an aqueous mixture of 15 components that was gas chromatographically similar to sabor uva was prepared. this mixture was equivalent to sabor uva in attractiveness by using wind-tunnel bioassays. after deleting chemicals that did not contribut ... | 2011 | 21882683 |
| tydeid and triophtydeid mites (acari: tydeoidea) associated with grapevine (vitaceae: vitis spp.) in brazil, with the descriptions of species of prelorryia (andré, 1980) and tydeus koch, 1835. | we report on the tydeidae and triophtydeidae associated with grapevine (vitis labrusca l. and vitis vinifera l.) in rio grande do sul state, brazil, and describe a new species of prelorryia, prelorryia labrusca sp. nov., and two new species of tydeus, tydeus manoi sp. nov. and tydeus riopardensis sp. nov. brachytydeus formosa (cooreman), b. podocarpa (baker), neolorryia pandana (baker), tydeus californicus (banks), pretydeus henriandrei kaźmierski and triophtydeus lebruni (andré) are recorded an ... | 2014 | 24943444 |
| redox-sensitive up-regulation of enos by purple grape juice in endothelial cells: role of pi3-kinase/akt, p38 mapk, jnk, foxo1 and foxo3a. | the vascular protective effect of grape-derived polyphenols has been attributable, in part, to their direct action on blood vessels by stimulating the endothelial formation of nitric oxide (no). the aim of the present study was to determine whether concord grape juice (cgj), which contains high levels of polyphenols, stimulates the expression of endothelial no synthase (enos) in porcine coronary artery endothelial cells and, if so, to determine the signaling pathway involved. cgj dose- and time- ... | 2013 | 23533577 |
| phenolic composition of the edible parts (flesh and skin) of bordô grape (vitis labrusca) using hplc-dad-esi-ms/ms. | the aim of this study was the detailed characterization of the phenolic composition and the determination of the antioxidant activity of the bordô grape (vitis labrusca) cultivated in south brazil. the edible parts of bordô grapes (flesh and skin) contained 1130 mg/kg of total phenolic compounds (as gallic acid), mainly located in the skins. anthocyanin content in the skins was high, largely as 3,5-diglucosides (1359 mg/kg, as malvidin 3,5-diglucoside). total flavonols accounted for 154 μmol/kg, ... | 2011 | 22112247 |
| mesocarp localization of a bi-functional resveratrol/hydroxycinnamic acid glucosyltransferase of concord grape (vitis labrusca). | resveratrol is a stilbene with well-known health-promoting effects in humans that is produced constitutively or accumulates as a phytoalexin in several plant species including grape (vitis sp.). grape berries accumulate stilbenes in the exocarp as cis- and trans-isomers of resveratrol, together with their respective 3-o-monoglucosides. an enzyme glucosylating cis- and trans-resveratrol was purified to apparent homogeneity from concord (vitis labrusca) grape berries, and peptide sequencing associ ... | 2007 | 17270014 |
| description of meloidogyne nataliei n. sp. (nematoda: meloidogynidae) from grape (vitis labrusca) in michigan, with sem observations. | meloidogyne nataliei n. sp. is described and illustrated from grape (vitis labrusca) in a declining vineyard at mattawan, michigan, usa. infected grape roots exhibit no hyperplastic symptoms. females protrude from the roots and are surrounded by a massive egg sac containing many eggs. this new species is distinguishable from other species of the genus especially by its large, striking perineal pattern with, usually, two ropelike separated striae on each side extending laterally from the vulval a ... | 1981 | 19300781 |
| pheromone-based monitoring of pseudococcus maritimus (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) populations in concord grape vineyards. | the grape mealybug, pseudococcus maritimus (ehrhorn), is the dominant mealybug in washington's concord grape vineyards (vitis labrusca l.). it is a direct pest of fruit clusters and a vector of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses. using traps baited with the sex pheromone of ps. maritimus, we determined the optimal trap density for monitoring ps. maritimus, with the goal of providing a more rapid monitoring method for ps. maritimus than visual surveys. varying densities of pheromone-baited tra ... | 2013 | 23448065 |
| isolation and identification of the indigenous yeast population during spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vitis labrusca l.) grape must. | grape must harbors a complex community of yeast species responsible for spontaneous alcoholic fermentation. although there are detailed studies on the microbiota of vitis vinifera l. grapes, less is known about the diversity and behavior of yeast communities present on fermenting grape must from other species of vitis. in this work, we used a culture-dependent method to study the identity and dynamics of the indigenous yeast population present during the spontaneous fermentation of isabella (vit ... | 2017 | 28424672 |
| the effect of isabel grape addition on the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory characteristics of probiotic goat milk yogurt. | goat milk is an attractive food because of its nutritional properties, easy digestibility and hypoallergenicity. goat milk yogurt is an appropriate matrix for the inclusion of new ingredients such as probiotic cultures, fruit and its derivatives. grapes are rich in polyphenols and recognized for their health benefits. the aim of this study was to improve the quality characteristics of probiotic goat milk yogurt by the addition of an isabel grape (vitis labrusca l.) preparation (igp). for this, t ... | 2017 | 28451663 |
| patulin production by byssochlamys spp. in fruit juices. | ten strains of byssochlamys fulva and three strains of b. nivea were cultured in a laboratory medium and tested for their ability to produce patulin. two strains of b. fulva and all three strains of b. nivea produced the mycotoxin. one strain of b. fulva produced patulin in 11 of 13 processed fruit juices, with greatest amounts being produced in blueberry, red raspberry, and boysenberry juices, whereas no patulin was detected in prune or tomato juices. grown in concord grape juice at 18, 25, 30, ... | 1977 | 596876 |
| metabolic effects of berries with structurally diverse anthocyanins. | overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. the present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on develop ... | 2017 | 28212306 |
| effect of ph on anti-rotavirus activity by comestible juices and proanthocyanidins in a cell-free assay system. | cranberry (vaccinium macrocarpon) and grape (vitis labrusca) juices, and these species' secondary plant metabolites [i.e., proanthocyanidins (pacs)] possess antiviral activity. an understanding of the mechanism(s) responsible for these juices and their polyphenolic constituents' direct effect on enteric virus integrity, however, remains poorly defined. using the rotavirus (rtv) as a model enteric virus system, the direct effect of manufacturer-supplied and commercially purchased juices [ocean sp ... | 2012 | 23412889 |
| stilbenoid profiles of canes from vitis and muscadinia species. | we present stilbenoid profiles of canes from 16 grapevines. fifteen stilbenoids were obtained through isolation and structure identification using ms, nmr, and [α](d) or as commercial standards. an hplc-uv method for the simultaneous quantification of nine of these stilbenoids was developed and applied to canes of vitis amurensis, vitis arizonica, vitis berlandieri, vitis betulifolia, vitis cinerea, vitis × champini, vitis × doaniana, vitis labrusca, vitis candicans (syn. vitis mustangensis), vi ... | 2013 | 23270496 |
| diversity of aspergillus section nigri on the surface of vitis labrusca and its hybrid grapes. | this study investigated the presence of aspergillus species belonging to aspergillus section nigri on vitis labrusca and its hybrid grapes grown in brazil. the ability of the fungi isolates to produce ochratoxin a (ota) and fumonisin b2 (fb2) as well as the presence of these mycotoxins in the grapes were also studied. eighty-eight samples were collected from the main grape producing states in brazil: rio grande do sul (n=30), pernambuco (n=21), são paulo (n=21) and paraná (n=16). the highest ave ... | 2018 | 29331673 |
| berries containing anthocyanins with enhanced methylation profiles are more effective at ameliorating high fat diet-induced metabolic damage. | driven by the need for alternative whole food options to manage metabolic syndrome, multiple dietary interventions are suggested to achieve a better control of metabolic risk factors and molecular networks that regulate cellular energy metabolism. it is generally accepted that anthocyanin-rich diets are beneficial for maintaining healthy body weight, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, and determining inflammatory status of key metabolic tissues. however, anthocyanins are a structurally dive ... | 2018 | 29196236 |
| cytotoxicity of labruscol, a new resveratrol dimer produced by grapevine cell suspensions, on human skin melanoma cancer cell line ht-144. | a new resveratrol dimer (1) called labruscol, has been purified by centrifugal partition chromatography of a crude ethyl acetate stilbene extract obtained from elicited grapevine cell suspensions of vitis labrusca l. cultured in a 14-liter stirred bioreactor. one dimensional (1d) and two dimensional (2d) nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) analyses including ¹h, 13c, heteronuclear single-quantum correlation (hsqc), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (hmbc), and correlation spectroscopy (cosy) ... | 2017 | 29120391 |
| phakopsora euvitis causes unusual damage to leaves and modifies carbohydrate metabolism in grapevine. | asian grapevine rust (phakopsora euvitis) is a serious disease, which causes severe leaf necrosis and early plant defoliation. these symptoms are unusual for a strict biotrophic pathogen. this work was performed to quantify the effects of p. euvitis on photosynthesis, carbohydrates, and biomass accumulation of grapevine. the reduction in photosynthetic efficiency of the green leaf tissue surrounding the lesions was quantified using the virtual lesion concept (β parameter). gas exchange and respo ... | 2017 | 29018470 |
| exposure risk assessment to ochratoxin a through consumption of juice and wine considering the effect of steam extraction time and vinification stages. | the goals of this study were (i) to verify the effect of steam extraction used in juice production and the stages of vinification on the ochratoxin a (ota) levels found in grapes naturally contaminated, and (ii) evaluate the risk of exposure to this toxin when the daily consumption of juice and wine is followed to prevent cardiovascular disease. ota-producing fungi were isolated from cabernet sauvignon, moscato itálico and concord grapes harvested from the same vineyard and intended to produce r ... | 2017 | 28888733 |
| polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice reduces ige binding to cashew nut allergens. | food allergy negatively impacts quality of life and can be life-threatening. cashew nuts can cause severe reactions in very small amounts, and they are included in a group of foods most commonly responsible for causing food allergy. polyphenols and polyphenol-rich juices have been demonstrated to complex with peanut allergens. here, the interaction between cashew nut allergens and polyphenol-rich juices is evaluated biochemically and immunologically. | 2017 | 28842925 |
| aspergillus labruscus sp. nov., a new species of aspergillus section nigri discovered in brazil. | a novel fungal species, aspergillus labruscus sp. nov., has been found in brazil during an investigation of the fungal species present on the surface of grape berries (vitis labrusca l.) for use in the production of concentrated grape juice. it seems to be associated to v. labrusca, and has never been recovered from vitis vinifera. this new species belonging to aspergillus subgenus circumdati section nigri is described here using morphological characters, extrolite profiling, partial sequence da ... | 2017 | 28740180 |
| system-level and granger network analysis of integrated proteomic and metabolomic dynamics identifies key points of grape berry development at the interface of primary and secondary metabolism. | grapevine is a fruit crop with worldwide economic importance. the grape berry undergoes complex biochemical changes from fruit set until ripening. this ripening process and production processes define the wine quality. thus, a thorough understanding of berry ripening is crucial for the prediction of wine quality. for a systemic analysis of grape berry development we applied mass spectrometry based platforms to analyse the metabolome and proteome of early campbell at 12 stages covering major deve ... | 2017 | 28713396 |
| influence of processing and storage of integral grape juice (vitis labrusca l.) on its physical and chemical characteristics, cytotoxicity, and mutagenicity in vitro. | integral grape juice is extracted from the grape through processes that allow the retention of their natural composition. however, due to the severity of some processes, fruit juices can undergo changes in their quality. the present study evaluated the cytotoxic and mutagenic effects of integral grape juice by a cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay in rattus norvegicus hepatoma cells (htc) in vitro. vitis labrusca l. (variety concord) were produced organically and by a conventional system, and ... | 2017 | 28613380 |
| influence of diabetes on plasma pharmacokinetics and brain bioavailability of grape polyphenols and their phase ii metabolites in the zucker diabetic fatty rat. | the effect of diabetes on the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and brain distribution of grape polyphenols and select metabolites was studied in the zucker diabetic fatty (zdf) rat model. | 2017 | 28568316 |
| optimization of an organic yogurt based on sensorial, nutritional, and functional perspectives. | the effects of purple grape juice (pgj), grape skin flour (gsf), and oligofructose (oli) on proximate composition, total phenolic content (tpc), antioxidant activity (aa), sensory, physicochemical, and textural properties of yogurts were analyzed using response surface methodology. multiple regression models were proposed and results showed that pgj increased the viscosity, aa, and tpc, while gsf increased the ash and total fiber contents of yogurts. gsf and oli increased the hardness and consis ... | 2017 | 28530591 |
| cognitive and mood improvements following acute supplementation with purple grape juice in healthy young adults. | berry-derived phenolic compounds found in grapes have been associated with a number of health benefits, including the augmentation of human brain function and cognition. previous intervention studies of concord grape juice have demonstrated improvement to memory and driving ability following 3- to 4-month supplementation in middle-aged and older adults. however, no studies to date have demonstrated acute cognitive benefits of grape juice, and investigation of these effects in young adults is lac ... | 2017 | 28429081 |
| potential use of secondary products of the agri-food industry for topical formulations and comparative analysis of antioxidant activity of grape leaf polyphenols. | the aim of the present study was to develop a phytocosmetic using vitis waste by-products, for use as a topical formulation for skin protection against ultraviolet radiation damage. the study also evaluates the free radical scavenger activity of the crude extracts of dried leaves of vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca, as well as the anthocyanins, flavonoid fraction and isolated compounds. next, release and permeation studies of hydrogels were performed using franz-type diffusion cells. flavonoid ... | 2018 | 28403634 |
| rapid determination of flavonoids and phenolic acids in grape juices and wines by rp-hplc/dad: method validation and characterization of commercial products of the new brazilian varieties of grape. | a method for rapid determination of phenolic compounds by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc), using a new column of faster resolution was validated and used to characterize commercial products produced with new grape brazilian varieties of northeast of brazil. the in vitro antioxidant activity was also measured. the method showed linearity (r>0.9995), good precision (cv%<2.78), recovery (91.8-105.1%) and limits of detection (0.04-0.85mgl-1) and quantification (0.04-1 ... | 2017 | 28317702 |
| effects of matrix composition on detection threshold estimates for methyl anthranilate and 2-aminoacetophenone. | conceptually, a detection threshold represents the lowest concentration at which an individual or a group of individuals can reliably perceive a given stimulus, with a commonly used operational definition of 50% performance above chance. estimated detection thresholds (dts), however, are often reported in the literature with little attention given to the matrix in which the stimuli were evaluated. here, we highlight the influence of matrix effects on dts for two odor-active compounds commonly fo ... | 2016 | 28231131 |
| method validation for determination of metals in vitis labrusca l. grapevine leaf extracts by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms). | vitis labrusca l. is the main species used for wine and juice production in brazil. the grapevine leaves can be used both as functional foods and as cheapest sources for the extraction of phenolic compounds. besides the antioxidant activity, grapevine leaves exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity. therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate an analytical methodology to determine the metals selenium (96se), chromium (53cr), nickel (62ni), cadmium (111cd) and lead (206pb ... | 2018 | 27991961 |
| phytochemicals, monosaccharides and elemental composition of the non-pomace constituent of organic and conventional grape juices (vitis labrusca l.): effect of drying on the bioactive content. | grape and grape derivatives contain a variety of antioxidants that have gain increasing interest for functional foods applications. the chemical composition of grapes is mainly related to grape variety and cultivation factors, and each grape constituent exhib its unique characteristics regarding its bioactive properties. this study investigated the chemical composition and the effect of drying on the bioactive content of the non-pomace constituent obtained in the processing of organic and conven ... | 2016 | 27738868 |
| nutrient profiles of the hybrid grape cultivar 'isabel' during berry maturation and ripening. | the hybrid grape cultivar 'isabel' (vitis labrusca × v. vinifera) is widely grown in the black sea region of turkey and constitutes an important part of the diet of its inhabitants. phenological and ampelographic studies of the grape have previously been performed, but there are no data concerning nutrient composition. its nutrient content needs to be investigated to ascertain its potential economic and nutritional uses in the region. | 2017 | 27696425 |
| antimutagenic and antioxidant properties of the aqueous extracts of organic and conventional grapevine vitis labrusca cv. isabella leaves in v79 cells. | grapes are one of the most commonly consumed fruit, in both fresh and processed forms; however, a significant amount is disposed of in the environment. searching for a use of this waste, the antigenotoxic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities of aqueous extracts from organic and conventional vitis labrusca leaves were determined using v79 cells as model. the antigenotoxic activity was analyzed by the alkaline comet assay using endonuclease iii and formamidopyrimidine dna glycosylase enzymes ... | 2016 | 27587288 |
| effects of a warming trend on cool climate viticulture in michigan, usa. | historically, michigan's climate had mainly three challenges for grape production: growing season temperatures were too low, the growing season was too short and there was too much rain near harvest. however, climate change in the past decades has led to a vastly different landscape that is evolving to meet the new climate. recently, there has been a significant move from vitis labrusca (north american) grape plantings to vitis vinifera (wine grapes) as a consequence of michigan's shifting clima ... | 2016 | 27478736 |
| acute consumption of organic and conventional tropical grape juices (vitis labrusca l.) increases antioxidants in plasma and erythrocytes, but not glucose and uric acid levels, in healthy individuals. | bioactive polyphenols in grapes are influenced by grape variety and cultivation conditions. the vitis labrusca l. varieties are cultivated in tropical regions and used for grape juice production. we hypothesized that polyphenols from tropical grape juices would beneficially affect redox homeostasis in humans. therefore, the effects of acute consumption of organic and conventional grape juices from v labrusca l. on antioxidants biomarkers were investigated in healthy individuals. in a controlled, ... | 2016 | 27440535 |
| the impact of dietary flavonoid supplementation on smoking-induced inflammatory process and fibrinolytic impairment. | smoking is associated with increased inflammatory process and impairment of fibrinolytic status. concord grape juice (cgj), a rich source of flavonoids, can modify cardiovascular risk factors. we aimed to evaluate the impact of cgj on smoking-induced impairment of inflammatory and fibrinolytic status in healthy smokers. | 2016 | 27428294 |
| phenology, reproductive biology and growing degree days of the grapevine 'isabel' (vitis labrusca, vitaceae) cultivated in northeastern brazil. | phenology and reproductive biology of cultivated species are important for the comprehension of the requirements for fruit and seed production and the management of pollinators. this study aimed to characterise the phenology, reproductive biology and growing degree days of the grapevine 'isabel' (vitis labrusca) in northeastern brazil during january 2011 (p1), augst 2011 (p2), april 2012 (p3) and august 2012 (p4). we recorded the duration (days) of the phenological stages, pruning (p), woolly bu ... | 2017 | 27191458 |
| methodical evaluation and improvement of matrix compatible pdms-overcoated coating for direct immersion solid phase microextraction gas chromatography (di-spme-gc)-based applications. | the main quest for the implementation of direct spme to complex matrices has been the development of matrix compatible coatings that provide sufficient sensitivity towards the target analytes. in this context, we present here a thorough evaluation of pdms-overcoated fibers suitable for simultaneous extraction of different polarities analytes, while maintaining adequate matrix compatibility. for this, eleven analytes were selected, from various application classes (pesticides, industrial chemical ... | 2016 | 27114223 |
| evaluation of antioxidant activity of grapevine leaves extracts (vitis labrusca) in liver of wistar rats. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotection of organic and conventional grapevine leaves extract (vitis labrusca). the total polyphenol content and the isolate polyphenols by hplc were evaluate. the animals received intraperitoneal injections of saline or extracts (conventional or organic - 30 mg/kg) for 14 days. on day 15, the rats received carbon tetrachloride (ccl4) or mineral oil (i.p.). after 4h, the animals were euthanized. the analysis of the liver enzymes activity (ast, al ... | 2016 | 26959325 |
| high temperature affects photosynthetic and molecular processes in field-cultivated vitis vinifera l. × vitis labrusca l. | high-temperature stress markedly influences grape growth and development. however, how high-temperature stress response differs between controlled and field-cultivated grape is poorly understood. in this study, the effects of heat treatment on grapevines were studied for changes in photosystem ii (psii) activity and expression levels of heat-responsive genes and heat shock protein hsp21. july 31st, 2015 was considered as the post high-temperature treatment ("42°c"; temperatures above 40°c for a ... | 2016 | 26946321 |
| concord grape juice, cognitive function, and driving performance: a 12-wk, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial in mothers of preteen children. | daily consumption of concord grape juice (cgj) over 3-4 mo has been shown to improve memory function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and reduce blood pressure in hypertensive adults. these benefits likely result from the high concentration of polyphenols in cgj. increased stress can impair cognitive function and elevate blood pressure. thus, we examined the potential beneficial effect of cgj in individuals with somewhat stressful and demanding lifestyles. | 2016 | 26864371 |
| changes in the protective mechanism of photosystem ii and molecular regulation in response to high temperature stress in grapevines. | the response to high temperature stress, which influences the growth and development of grapes, varies between laboratory conditions and ambient growth conditions, and is poorly understood. in the present study, we investigated the effects of high temperature on grapevines (vitis vinifera l. × vitis labrusca l.) grown under artificial and ambient conditions. a temperature of 35 °c did not alter photosystem ii (ps ii) activity and the expression of some heat-shock protein (hsps) genes. these chan ... | 2016 | 26852109 |
| medicinal plants in brazil: pharmacological studies, drug discovery, challenges and perspectives. | this review article focuses on pre-clinical and clinical studies with some selected brazilian medicinal plants in different areas of interest, conducted by research groups in brazil and abroad. it also highlights the brazilian market of herbal products and the efforts of brazilian scientists to develop new phytomedicines. this review is divided into three sections. the section i describes the brazilian large biodiversity and some attempts of brazilian scientists to assess the pharmacological pro ... | 2016 | 26812486 |
| effect of nutrients, dietary supplements and vitamins on cognition: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | observational studies have suggested that various nutrients, dietary supplements, and vitamins may delay the onset of age-associated cognitive decline and dementia. we systematically reviewed recent randomized controlled trials investigating the effect of nutritional interventions on cognitive performance in older non-demented adults. | 2015 | 26740832 |
| determination of polyphenols and antioxidant activity of vitis labrusca cv. baile berries. | grape juice and grape skin extracts are important commercial source of polyphenolic compounds which exert different functional properties such as color potential, antimicrobial, antioxidant activity, and health benefits. in this paper we describe a sensitive and specific assay for determination of bioactive polyphenolic compounds in campbell early (vitis labrusca cv. baile). five polyphenolic components were separated on an agilent zorbax extend c18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm x 5 μm) and detected b ... | 2015 | 26665298 |
| concord grape juice polyphenols and cardiovascular risk factors: dose-response relationships. | pure fruit juices provide nutritional value with evidence suggesting some of their benefits on biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk may be derived from their constituent polyphenols, particularly flavonoids. however, few data from clinical trials are available on the dose-response relationship of fruit juice flavonoids to these outcomes. utilizing the results of clinical trials testing single doses, we have analyzed data from studies of 100% concord grape juice by placing its flavonoid cont ... | 2015 | 26633488 |
| profile of bioactive compounds from grape pomace (vitis vinifera and vitis labrusca) by spectrophotometric, chromatographic and spectral analyses. | the aim of this study was to characterize grape pomace (gp) from winemaking byproducts of different grape samples (cabernet sauvignon-cs; merlot-me; mix composed of 65% bordeaux, 25% isabel and 10% brs violet-mi and terci-te) with a view to exploiting its potential as a source of bioactive compounds and an alternative to the reuse of waste. bioactive compounds such as individual phenolic compounds and polyunsaturated fatty acids (pufa) were identified and quantified by spectrophotometric, chroma ... | 2015 | 26590878 |
| microencapsulation of grape (vitis labrusca var. bordo) skin phenolic extract using gum arabic, polydextrose, and partially hydrolyzed guar gum as encapsulating agents. | bordo grape skin extract was microencapsulated by spray-drying and freeze-drying, using gum arabic (ga), partially hydrolyzed guar gum (phgg), and polydextrose (pd) as encapsulating agents. total phenolics and total monomeric anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, color, moisture, water activity (aw), solubility, hygroscopicity, glass transition temperature (tg), particle size, and microstructure of the powders were evaluated. the retention of phenolics and anthocyanins ranged from 81.4% to 95.3%, a ... | 2016 | 26471594 |
| pre-drying and submerged cap winemaking: effects on polyphenolic compounds and sensory descriptors. part ii: brs carmem and bordô (vitis labrusca l.). | brazilian wine production is dominated by the use of american grape cultivars (vitis labrusca l.) and their hybrids. in this context, this study analyzed the phenolic composition and sensory profile of bordô and brs carmem red wines elaborated from traditional and two alternative winemaking technologies: grape pre-drying and submerged cap of chaptalized musts. anthocyanins and pyranoanthocyanins apparently seemed to be affected by the thermal process (60°c), causing their degradation. in additio ... | 2015 | 28455055 |