| antibacterial effects of grape extracts on helicobacter pylori. | anti-helicobacter pylori activities were determined by agar dilution, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and cell proliferation assays following treatment with various grape extracts. muscadine grape skin possessed the strongest activity, followed by grape synergy (skin and seed) and seed, suggesting that higher phenolic levels do not necessarily determine overall anti-h. pylori efficacy. | 2009 | 19047390 |
| phylogeography and population structure of the grape powdery mildew fungus, erysiphe necator, from diverse vitis species. | the grape powdery mildew fungus, erysiphe necator, was introduced into europe more than 160 years ago and is now distributed everywhere that grapes are grown. to understand the invasion history of this pathogen we investigated the evolutionary relationships between introduced populations of europe, australia and the western united states (us) and populations in the eastern us, where e. necator is thought to be native. additionally, we tested the hypothesis that populations of e. necator in the e ... | 2010 | 20809968 |
| activities of muscadine grape skin and quercetin against helicobacter pylori infection in mice. | to explore the preventative potential of muscadine grape skin (mgs) and the single flavonoid, quercetin, as an alternative means for ameliorating helicobacter pylori infection and/or the h. pylori-induced inflammatory response in mice. methods and results: the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties of mgs and quercetin, a major phenolic constituent, were evaluated against h. pylori in vitro and in vivo. the antimicrobial activity of quercetin was evaluated against 11 h. pylori strains in ... | 2010 | 20955190 |
| inhibition of oxidative hemolysis by quercetin, but not other antioxidants. | we previously reported that lipid-soluble quercetin, not water-soluble dihydroquercetin, protects human red blood cells against oxidative damage. the objectives of this study were to determine if an antihemolytic effect could be produced by other lipid-soluble antioxidants and if anti-inflammatory activity played a role in antihemolysis by quercetin. this study compared three lipid-soluble polyphenols, muscadine, curcumin and quercetin, and three lipid- (alpha-tocopherol and alpha-tocotrienol) o ... | 2010 | 20510893 |
| identification of natural antimicrobial substances in red muscadine juice against cronobacter sakazakii. | red muscadine (vitis rotundifolia michx.) juices with natural organic, phenolic acids and polyphenol compounds were tested against cronobacter sakazakii. the concentration of total phenolic compounds of commercial baby juices ranged from 176.7 to 347.7 mg/ml. commercial baby juices showed poor antimicrobial activity, reducing less than 1-log of c. sakazakii in juice samples for 2 h at 37 degrees c. red muscadine juices, regardless of processing methods (filtration, pasteurization, and sterilizat ... | 2010 | 20492304 |
| color and polyphenolic stability in extracts produced from muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia) pomace. | the muscadine grape ( vitis rotundifolia ) industry of the southern united states is largely devoid of value-added processes that capture the phytochemical content of wine and juice byproducts. methods to recover and stabilize polyphenolics from muscadine grape pomace following juice manufacture were evaluated in laboratory-scale and pilot-scale trials. in laboratory-scale trials using osmotic equilibration, water-based extracts from juice pomace initially extracted 31-42% of total polyphenolics ... | 2009 | 19754172 |
| proteomics approach to identify unique xylem sap proteins in pierce's disease-tolerant vitis species. | pierce's disease (pd) is a destructive bacterial disease of grapes caused by xylella fastidiosa which is xylem-confined. the tolerance level to this disease varies among vitis species. our research was aimed at identifying unique xylem sap proteins present in pd-tolerant vitis species. the results showed wide variation in the xylem sap protein composition, where a set of polypeptides with pi between 4.5 and 4.7 and m(r) of 31 kda were present in abundant amount in muscadine (vitis rotundifolia, ... | 2010 | 19412582 |
| antibacterial activity of fresh and processed red muscadine juice and the role of their polar compounds on escherichia coli o157:h7. | the objectives of this research were to show the anti-escherichia coli o157:h7 effect of fresh (frmj) and processed red muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) juice (prmj) and to discern the active compounds responsible for anti-e. coli o157:h7. | 2009 | 19302492 |
| inactivation of enterobacter sakazakii by water-soluble muscadine seed extracts. | hot and cold water-soluble muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) seed extracts and their polar and polyphenol fractions from two muscadine cultivars ('ison', purple and 'carlos', bronze) were investigated for their inhibition of enterobacter sakazakii. the heat treatment on each seed extract not only increased total phenolics and tannic acid but also enhanced antimicrobial activity against two strains of e. sakazakii. within 1 h, all seed extracts reduced an initial population (approximately 6 log cfu/ ... | 2009 | 19167124 |
| enhancement of resistance to coccidiosis and necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens by dietary muscadine pomace. | muscadine pomace (mp), a by-product of the production of wine and juice from vitis rotundifolia, was dried and tested in chickens for effects on primary resistance to coccidiosis, development of protective immunity after vaccination with live coccidia, and resistance to necrotic enteritis (ne) caused by the joint action of clostridium perfringens and coccidia. to test primary resistance to coccidiosis, 2-wk-old chicks were given 2% or 5% mp in the diet and inoculated with eimeria acervulina and ... | 2008 | 19166057 |
| heterogeneity in red wine polyphenolic contents differentially influences alzheimer's disease-type neuropathology and cognitive deterioration. | we recently found that moderate consumption of two unrelated red wines generate from different grape species, a cabernet sauvignon and a muscadine wine that are characterized by distinct component composition of polyphenolic compounds, significantly attenuated the development of alzheimer's disease (ad)-type brain pathology and memory deterioration in a transgenic ad mouse model. interestingly, our evidence suggests that the two red wines attenuated ad phenotypes through independent mechanisms. ... | 2009 | 19158422 |
| nonhost versus host resistance to the grapevine downy mildew, plasmopara viticola, studied at the tissue level. | following inoculation of host and nonhost plants with plasmopara viticola, the grapevine downy mildew, a histological survey was undertaken to identify the stage where its development is contained in nonhosts and in resistant host plants. three herbaceous nonhost species, beta vulgaris, lactuca sativa, and capsicum annuum, and three grapevine species displaying different level of resistance (vitis vinifera [susceptible], vitis riparia [partially resistant] and muscadinia rotundifolia [totally re ... | 2008 | 18943253 |
| ultrastructure of tuta absoluta parasitized eggs and the reproductive potential of females after parasitism by metarhizium anisopliae. | among the microorganisms used in biological control, the muscadine fungus metarhizium anisopliae (metsch.) sorok. is produced and formulated world wide aiming to control pests from several agricultural crops. this work evaluated effects of m. anisopliae isolate ufrpe-6 on the fecundity and mortality of tuta absoluta (lepidoptera: gelechiidae) females and the mechanism of infection on eggs. the infection of the females by the fungus did not affect their oviposition and fecundity; however it affec ... | 2009 | 18789707 |
| antimicrobial effect of water-soluble muscadine seed extracts on escherichia coli o157:h7. | water-soluble extracts were prepared from purple (cultivar ison) and bronze (cultivar carlos) muscadine seeds with or without heating. the ison extracts had strong antimicrobial activity against a cocktail of three strains of escherichia coli o157: h7. this extract had higher acidity (ph 3.39 to 3.43), total phenolics (2.21 to 3.49 mg/ml), tartaric acid (5.6 to 10.7 mg/ml), tannic acid (5.7 to 8.1 mg/ml), and gallic acid (0.33 to 0.59 mg/ml) than did the carlos extracts. heat treatment on both e ... | 2008 | 18680948 |
| inhibition of protein glycation by skins and seeds of the muscadine grape. | the formation of advanced glycation end products (ages) leading to protein glycation and cross-linking is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. the inhibition of protein glycation by phenolic and flavonoid antioxidants demonstrates that the process is mediated, in part, by oxidative processes. in this study, the effects of seed and skin extracts of the muscadine grape on ages formation were examined. seeds and skins were extracted (10% w/v) with 50% ethanol and incubated at ... | 2007 | 18525113 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of embryogenic cultures and plant regeneration in vitis rotundifolia michx. (muscadine grape). | a method to produce transgenic plants of vitis rotundifolia was developed. embryogenic cultures were initiated from leaves of in vitro grown shoot cultures and used as target tissues for agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. a green fluorescent protein/neomycin phosphotransferase ii (gfp/nptii) fusion gene that allowed for simultaneous selection of transgenic cells based on gfp fluorescence and kanamycin resistance was used to optimize parameters influencing genetic transformation. it w ... | 2008 | 18256837 |
| topical anti-inflammatory activities of vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grape) extracts in the tetradecanoylphorbol acetate model of ear inflammation. | the ability of muscadine grape skin, seed, or combined skin and seed extracts to inhibit mouse ear inflammation, edema, and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration was tested following topical application of 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (tpa). ethanolic extracts of skins, seeds, or a combination of these from purple (ison) cultivars were applied to both ears of female swiss mice 30 minutes after tpa (2 microg per ear) administration. control mice were treated with indomethacin or 50% et ... | 2007 | 18158834 |
| stability of copigmented anthocyanins and ascorbic acid in muscadine grape juice processed by high hydrostatic pressure. | intermolecular copigmentation is one of the mechanisms of stabilization of anthocyanins in nature and is also responsible for the characteristic color and stability of aged red wines. in the present study, the effect of polyphenol oxidase (ppo) activity on phytochemical stability of an ascorbic acid-fortified muscadine grape juice following high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) processing (400 and 550 mpa for 15 min) and after 21 d of storage at 25 degrees c was investigated. addition of rosemary and ... | 2007 | 17995786 |
| inhibition of prostate cancer growth by muscadine grape skin extract and resveratrol through distinct mechanisms. | the phytochemical resveratrol contained in red grapes has been shown to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth, in part, through its antioxidant activity. muscadine grapes contain unique phytochemical constituents compared with other grapes and are potentially a source for novel compounds with antitumor activities. we compared the antitumor activities of muscadine grape skin extract (mske), which we show contains no resveratrol, with that of resveratrol using primary cultures of normal prostate epi ... | 2007 | 17804756 |
| enhancing the retention of phytochemicals and organoleptic attributes in muscadine grape juice through a combined approach between dense phase co2 processing and copigmentation. | this study evaluated the phytochemical stability and organoleptic attributes of an ascorbic acid-fortified muscadine grape juice as affected by dense phase co2 processing (dp-co2) and addition of thyme polyphenolic cofactors (thymus vulgaris; 1:100 anthocyanin-to-cofactor molar ratio) in efforts to prevent phytochemical losses that occur during storage of anthocyanin-containing beverages, especially in the presence of carbonyl compounds commonly produced during thermal processing and storage. dp ... | 2006 | 16939329 |
| microbial stability, phytochemical retention, and organoleptic attributes of dense phase co2 processed muscadine grape juice. | dense phase co2 processing (dp-co2) is a promising alternative to thermal pasteurization potentially inactivating microorganisms without affecting food phytochemicals or organoleptic characteristics. to demonstrate these effects, studies were conducted by changing processing pressure and co2 concentration in relation to microbial destruction. subsequent storage stability (10 weeks at 4 degrees c) of muscadine grape juice processed by dp-co2 (34.5 mpa at 8% or 16% co2) was evaluated and compared ... | 2006 | 16848533 |
| induction of cell death in caco-2 human colon carcinoma cells by ellagic acid rich fractions from muscadine grapes (vitis rotundifolia). | possible anticancer mechanisms exerted by polyphenolic compounds contained in fruits and vegetables include antioxidant activity, the inhibition of proliferation, and the induction of apoptosis in cancer cells. this study examined the effects of four isolated polyphenolic extracts from red muscadine grapes (vitis rotundifolia) on vital cell parameters and the induction of apoptosis in caco-2 colon carcinoma cells. the magnitude of effects in cell culture was then correlated to polyphenolic compo ... | 2006 | 16848514 |
| antiinflammatory properties of the muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia). | the muscadine grape possesses one of the highest antioxidant levels among fruits; yet, the effect of this fruit on mammalian metabolic systems has not received significant attention. to examine the antiinflammatory properties of the muscadine, grape skins were dried, pulverized, and extracted (10% w/v) with 50% ethanol. the extract was then tested in two different assays: the release of superoxide in phorbol myristate acetate-activated neutrophils and the release of cytokines [tumor necrosis fac ... | 2005 | 16248541 |
| ellagic acid and quercetin interact synergistically with resveratrol in the induction of apoptosis and cause transient cell cycle arrest in human leukemia cells. | anticarcinogenic effects of polyphenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables are well established. although polyphenols naturally occur as combinations, little information is available regarding possible synergistic or antagonistic biochemical interactions between compounds. identifying potential interactions between polyphenols may provide information regarding the efficiency of polyphenol-containing foods in cancer prevention. the objective of this study was to investigate the interactions of e ... | 2005 | 15670891 |
| optical properties of intact leaves for estimating chlorophyll concentration. | changes in leaf chlorophyll content can serve as relative indicators of plant vigor and environmental quality. this study identified reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance wavebands and band ratios within the 400- to 850-nm range for intact leaves that could be used to estimate extracted leaf chlorophyll per unit leaf area (areal concentration) with minimal error. leaf optical properties along with chlorophyll a, b, and a + b concentrations were measured for the planar-leaved sweetgum (liqu ... | 2002 | 12371158 |
| using a limited mapping strategy to identify major qtls for resistance to grapevine powdery mildew (erysiphe necator) and their use in marker-assisted breeding. | a limited genetic mapping strategy based on simple sequence repeat (ssr) marker data was used with five grape populations segregating for powdery mildew (erysiphe necator) resistance in an effort to develop genetic markers from multiple sources and enable the pyramiding of resistance loci. three populations derived their resistance from muscadinia rotundifolia 'magnolia'. the first population (06708) had 97 progeny and was screened with 137 ssr markers from seven chromosomes (4, 7, 9, 12, 13, 15 ... | 2010 | 21188350 |
| variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of erysiphe necator from different vitis spp. and geographic origins in the eastern united states. | eastern north america is considered the center of diversity for many vitis spp. and for the grape powdery mildew pathogen, erysiphe necator. however, little is known about populations of e. necator from wild vitis spp. we determined the phenotypic variation in pathogenicity and aggressiveness of e. necator among isolates from wild and domesticated vitis spp. from diverse geographic regions in the eastern united states. to test pathogenicity, we inoculated 38 e. necator isolates on three wild vit ... | 2010 | 20932167 |
| the effectiveness of stilbenes in resistant vitaceae: ultrastructural and biochemical events during plasmopara viticola infection process. | leaves of different vitis vinifera l. cultivars, susceptible or resistant to downy mildew, chasselas, solaris, irac 2091 (cvs. gamaret x bronner) and muscadinia rotundifolia were inoculated with plasmopara viticola. samples were then examined by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, by light microscopy and for their ability to synthesise stilbenes. these phytoalexins were strictly analysed at infection sites. in the susceptible chasselas, p. viticola colonises, at 72h post-infection (hp ... | 2010 | 21256040 |
| a resveratrol and polyphenol preparation suppresses oxidative and inflammatory stress response to a high-fat, high-carbohydrate meal. | high-fat, high-carbohydrate (hfhc) meals are known to induce oxidative and inflammatory stress, an increase in plasma endotoxin concentrations, and an increase in the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3 (socs-3). | 2011 | 21289251 |
| antibacterial activities of blueberry and muscadine phenolic extracts. | phenolics are one category of phyto-antimicrobials that refer to the antimicrobial substances extracted from plant sources. this study was undertaken to determine the influence of blueberry and muscadine phenolic extracts on the growths of 2 important foodborne bacterial pathogens, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes. cells of s. enteritidis (n = 4) or l. monocytogenes (n = 4) strains were inoculated (3 log cfu/ml) into tryptic soy broth (tsb) supplemented with 46.25 ppm of muscadi ... | 2011 | 21535771 |
| the structure of xylem vessels in grapevine (vitaceae) and a possible passive mechanism for the systemic spread of bacterial disease. | xylem-dwelling pathogens become systemic, suggesting that microorganisms move efficiently in the xylem. to better understand xylem pathways and how bacteria move within the xylem, vessel connectivity between stems and leaves of vitis vinifera cv. chardonnay and muscadinia rotundifolia cv. cowart was studied. three methods were used: (1) the light-producing bacterium, yersinia enterocolitica, (ye) strain gy5232 was loaded into petioles and followed using x-ray film, (2) fluorescent beads were loa ... | 2006 | 21646209 |
| Polyphenolics from ac¦ºai¦ü ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and red muscadine grape (Vitis rotundifolia ) protect human umbilical vascular Endothelial cells (HUVEC) from glucose- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation and target microRNA-126. | Endothelial anti-inflammatory effects of ac¦ºai¦ü (Ac) and red muscadine grape (Gp) polyphenolics have not been extensively investigated. It was hypothesized that polyphenolics from Ac and Gp exert comparable protective effects in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) upon inflammatory stress. Furthermore, this study investigated whether microRNAs relevant to endothelial function might be regulated by Ac and Gp. Results showed that Ac and Gp (5-20 mg gallic acid equivalent/L) protected HUVEC ... | 2011 | 21682256 |
| resistance of grape rootstocks to plant-parasitic nematodes. | candidate grape rootstocks were selected through a rigorous screening program initiated with important sources of resistance to meloidogyne pathotypes and to xiphinema index in muscadinia rotundifolia and vitis species native to north america. based on their rooting capability and horticultural characteristics, 200 candidates were selected from 5,000 progeny of multiple crosses between commercial grape rootstocks and wild grape species that exhibited resistance to nematodes. after a 15-year scre ... | 2012 | 23482972 |
| proteome biomarkers in xylem reveal pierce's disease tolerance in grape. | pierce's disease (pd) is a significant threat to grape cultivation and industry. the disease caused by bacterium xylella fastidiosa clogs xylem vessels resulting in wilting of the plant. pd-tolerant grape genotypes are believed to produce certain novel components in xylem tissue that help them to combat invading pathogens. research has been aimed at characterizing the uniquely expressed xylem proteins by pd-tolerant genotypes. the objectives were to i) compare and characterize vitis xylem protei ... | 2015 | 27019567 |
| antioxidant activity of selected stilbenoids and their bioproduction in hairy root cultures of muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia michx.). | stilbenoids are polyphenolic phytoalexins with health-related properties in humans. muscadine grape ( vitis rotundifolia ) hairy root cultures were established via agrobacterium rhizogenes -mediated transformation, and the effects of growth regulators (3-indolebutyric acid and 6-benzylaminopurine) and methyl jasmonate (meja) on stilbenoid production were studied. twenty-one-day-old hairy root cultures were treated with 100 μm meja for 24 h, and then the stilbenoids were extracted from the medium ... | 2013 | 23668830 |
| Identification of Race-Specific Resistance in North American Vitis spp. Limiting Erysiphe necator Hyphal Growth. | ABSTRACT Race-specific resistance against powdery mildews is well documented in small grains but, in other crops such as grapevine, controlled analysis of host-pathogen interactions on resistant plants is uncommon. In the current study, we attempted to confirm powdery mildew resistance phenotypes through vineyard, greenhouse, and in vitro inoculations for test cross-mapping populations for two resistance sources: (i) a complex hybrid breeding line, 'Bloodworth 81-107-11', of at least Vitis rot ... | 2012 | 22165984 |
| influence of xylem fluid chemistry on planktonic growth, biofilm formation and aggregation of xylella fastidiosa. | xylella fastidiosa is the causal agent of pierce's disease in grapevines. the mechanisms of pathogenicity are largely due to occlusion of xylem vessels by aggregation of x. fastidiosa and biofilm formation. xylella fastidiosa was subjected to xylem fluids with varying chemistries to examine the effects of nutritional components on bacterial growth in vitro. the exposure of x. fastidiosa to xylem fluids collected from different vitis genotypes resulted in highly significant differences in both pl ... | 2007 | 17610515 |
| antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm properties of polyphenols from muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia michx.) pomace against selected foodborne pathogens. | polyphenols are predominantly secondary metabolites in muscadine grapes, playing an important role in the species' strong resistance to pests and diseases. this study examined the above property by evaluating the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities of muscadine polyphenols against selected foodborne pathogens. results showed that antioxidant activity for different polyphenols varied greatly, ranging from 5 to 11.1 mmol trolox/g. antioxidant and antibacterial activities for pol ... | 2014 | 24865879 |
| bioactive polyphenols from muscadine grape and blackcurrant stably concentrated onto protein-rich matrices for topical applications. | natural botanical agents that are antimicrobial, or that modulate skin hyperpigmentation via tyrosinase inhibition, are increasingly sought in the cosmetic industry. | 2013 | 23614501 |
| callose synthase family genes involved in the grapevine defense response to downy mildew disease. | the deposition of callose is a common plant defense response to intruding pathogens and part of the plant's innate immunity. in this study, eight grapevine callose synthase (cals) genes were identified and characterized. to investigate biological function of cals in grapevine against the infection of plasmopara viticola, expression patterns of grapevine cals family genes were analyzed among resistant/susceptible cultivars. after p. viticola infection, expression of cals1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 ... | 2016 | 26474330 |
| isolation of a wrky30 gene from muscadinia rotundifolia (michx) and validation of its function under biotic and abiotic stresses. | wrky transcription factors (tfs) play important roles in many plant processes, including responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. in the present study, muscadinia rotundifolia mrwrky30 dramatically accumulated in grapevine leaves in response to inoculation of plasmopara viticola, a pathogen causing grapevine downy mildew disease. similar responses were also found on grapevines treated with exogenous sa/ja/et. ectopic expression of mrwrky30 in arabidopsis thaliana "col0" enhanced its resistance ... | 2015 | 25643917 |
| genetic dissection of a tir-nb-lrr locus from the wild north american grapevine species muscadinia rotundifolia identifies paralogous genes conferring resistance to major fungal and oomycete pathogens in cultivated grapevine. | the most economically important diseases of grapevine cultivation worldwide are caused by the fungal pathogen powdery mildew (erysiphe necator syn. uncinula necator) and the oomycete pathogen downy mildew (plasmopara viticola). currently, grapegrowers rely heavily on the use of agrochemicals to minimize the potentially devastating impact of these pathogens on grape yield and quality. the wild north american grapevine species muscadinia rotundifolia was recognized as early as 1889 to be resistant ... | 2013 | 24033846 |
| a reference genetic map of muscadinia rotundifolia and identification of ren5, a new major locus for resistance to grapevine powdery mildew. | muscadinia rotundifolia, a species closely related to cultivated grapevine vitis vinifera, is a major source of resistance to grapevine downy and powdery mildew, two major threats to cultivated traditional cultivars of v. vinifera respectively caused by the oomycete plasmopara viticola and the ascomycete erisyphe necator. the aim of the present work was to develop a reference genetic linkage map based on simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers for m. rotundifolia. this map was created using s1 m. r ... | 2012 | 22865124 |
| an expedient and versatile protocol for extracting high-quality dna from plant leaves. | introductionprotocols for extracting plant genomic dna have to contend with two major challenges: preventing the oxidation of phenolic substances that can react with nucleic acids and proteins, and eliminating polysaccharides that interfere with downstream enzymatic manipulations of dna. a protocol has been developed in which the above-mentioned substances are removed from the sample before the dna is removed from the chromatin structure. this protocol requires only two tubes during extraction a ... | 2007 | 21357104 |
| elevated gene expression in chalcone synthase enzyme suggests an increased production of flavonoids in skin and synchronized red cell cultures of north american native grape berries. | anthocyanins are antioxidants and are among the natural products synthesized via the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. anthocyanins have been recommended for dietary intake in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and age-related conditions such as alzheimer's disease or dementia. with an increasingly aging population in many parts of the world, strategies for the commercial production of in vitro synchronized red cell cultures as natural antioxidants will be a significant contributio ... | 2012 | 22364203 |
| activities of muscadine grape skin and polyphenolic constituents against helicobacter pylori. | to identify active phenolic constituents in muscadine grape skin (mgs) extracts and determine interactions among compounds while further exploring their anti-helicobacter pylori potential in vitro. | 2013 | 23294280 |
| in depth proteome analysis of ripening muscadine grape berry cv. carlos reveals proteins associated with flavor and aroma compounds. | ripening in nonclimacteric fruits such as grape involves complex chemical changes that have a profound influence on the accumulation of flavor and aroma compounds distinct to a particular grape genotype. in this study, proteome characterization of wine type bronze muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia cv. carlos), primarily grown in the southeastern united states was performed during berry ripening. stage-specific protein expression was obtained among different stages of berries. differential anal ... | 0 | 27356852 |
| biological significance of urolithins, the gut microbial ellagic acid-derived metabolites: the evidence so far. | the health benefits attributed to pomegranate have been associated with its high content in polyphenols, particularly ellagitannins. this is also the case for other ellagitannin-containing fruits and nuts including strawberry, raspberry, blackberry, walnuts, and muscadine grapes. the bioavailability of ellagitannins and ellagic acid is however very low. these molecules suffer extensive metabolism by the gut microbiota to produce urolithins that are much better absorbed. urolithins circulate in p ... | 2013 | 23781257 |
| structure and function of the tir domain from the grape nlr protein rpv1. | the n-terminal toll/interleukin-1 receptor/resistance protein (tir) domain has been shown to be both necessary and sufficient for defense signaling in the model plants flax and arabidopsis. in examples from these organisms, tir domain self-association is required for signaling function, albeit through distinct interfaces. here, we investigate these properties in the tir domain containing resistance protein rpv1 from the wild grapevine muscadinia rotundifolia. the rpv1 tir domain, without additio ... | 2016 | 28008335 |
| muscadinia rotundifolia 'noble' defense response to plasmopara viticola inoculation by inducing phytohormone-mediated stilbene accumulation. | downy mildew (dm), one of the most devastating grape diseases worldwide, is caused by the biotrophic oomycete plasmopara viticola (pv). in general, grapevine responds to pv infection with the accumulation of phytoalexins as part of the innate immune system, and diverse phytoalexins are induced on grapevines with different dm-resistance levels in response to pv invasion. however, the regulation of phytoalexin biosynthesis during grapevine against pv is still unclear. herein, we detected stilbenes ... | 2017 | 28653245 |
| identification of two novel powdery mildew resistance loci, ren6 and ren7, from the wild chinese grape species vitis piasezkii. | grapevine powdery mildew erysiphe necator is a major fungal disease in all grape growing countries worldwide. breeding for resistance to this disease is crucial to avoid extensive fungicide applications that are costly, labor intensive and may have detrimental effects on the environment. in the past decade, chinese vitis species have attracted attention from grape breeders because of their strong resistance to powdery mildew and their lack of negative fruit quality attributes that are often pres ... | 2016 | 27473850 |
| ellagic acid modulates lipid accumulation in primary human adipocytes and human hepatoma huh7 cells via discrete mechanisms. | previously, we have reported that consumption of a muscadine grape phytochemical powder (mgp) decreased lipid accumulation in high-fat fed mice. the aim of this study was to identify the responsible polyphenolic constituents and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. in mice, mgp supplementation significantly reduced visceral fat mass as well as adipocyte size. to determine whether mgp affects adipogenesis or hypertrophic lipid accumulation, we used a human adipogenic stem cell (hascs) model. amon ... | 2015 | 25458530 |
| strategies for run1 deployment using run2 and ren2 to manage grapevine powdery mildew informed by studies of race specificity. | the toll/interleukin-1 receptor nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat gene, "resistance to uncinula necator 1" (run1), from vitis rotundifolia was recently identified and confirmed to confer resistance to the grapevine powdery mildew fungus erysiphe necator (syn. u. necator) in transgenic v. vinifera cultivars. however, sporulating powdery mildew colonies and cleistothecia of the heterothallic pathogen have been found on introgression lines containing the run1 locus growing in new york (ny ... | 2015 | 26039639 |
| influence of pressing method on juice stilbene content in muscadine and bunch grapes. | juice stilbene contents of 2 muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) cultivars, noble and carlos, and 2 bunch grape (vitis labrusca) cultivars, mid south and miss blanc were evaluated after crushing and pressing. four commercial pressing methods were used to produce juice: (1) cold press of fresh berries (cp); (2) hot press of fresh berries (hp); (3) cold press of frozen and thawed berries (fcp); and (4) cold press of pectolytic enzyme treated berries (ecp). free run juice (frj) from the crusher without ... | 2008 | 18460131 |
| clinically relevant interaction between warfarin and scuppernongs, a quercetin containing muscadine grape: continued questions surrounding flavonoid-induced warfarin interactions. | we present a case of clinically relevant and probable interaction between warfarin and scuppernongs in a 73-year-old woman where ingestion of scuppernongs, a variety of quercetin-containing muscadine grapes, over a period of 2 months was associated with elevations in the international normalised ratio to supratherapeutic levels. while muscadine grapes and specifically scuppernongs are found primarily in southeastern usa, the flavonoid in questionand quercetin is found worldwide as a dietary supp ... | 2014 | 24966255 |
| the comparative study among different fractions of muscadine grape 'noble' pomace extracts regarding anti-oxidative activities, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast cancer. | as a by-product of wine making, pomace contains rich amounts of phenolic compounds that can be potentially utilized as raw materials to make beneficial products especially for the anti-cancer agents including the breast cancer. muscadinia rotundifolia 'noble' is a wine-making grape cultivar, and to better use 'noble' pomace, the most effective phenolic fractions in cancer inhibition must be identified. in this study, anti-oxidative activities of three separated fractions of 'noble' pomace (f1, f ... | 2017 | 29249924 |
| muscadine grape skin extract (mpx) in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: a randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | purpose: muscadineplus (mpx), a commercial preparation of pulverized muscadine grape skin, was evaluated as a therapeutic option for men with biochemically recurrent (bcr) prostate cancer wishing to defer androgen deprivation therapy.experimental design: this was a 12-month, multicenter, placebo-controlled, two-dose, double-blinded trial of mpx in 125 men with bcr prostate cancer, powered to detect a psa doubling time (psadt) difference of 6 months (low dose) and 12 months (high dose) relative t ... | 2018 | 29113986 |
| molecular analysis of genetic diversity among vine accessions using dna markers. | viticulture presents a number of economic and social advantages, such as increasing employment levels and fixing the labor force in rural areas. with the aim of initiating a program of genetic improvement in grapevine from the state university of the state of rio de janeiro north darcy ribeiro, genetic diversity between 40 genotypes (varieties, rootstock, and species of different subgenera) was evaluated using random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) molecular markers. we built a matrix of binary ... | 2017 | 28407189 |
| profile of polyphenol compounds of five muscadine grapes cultivated in the united states and in newly adapted locations in china. | polyphenol compositions and concentrations in skins and seeds of five muscadine grapes (cv. "noble", "alachua", "carlos", "fry", and "granny val") cultivated in the united states (tallahassee-florida, ta-fl) and south china (nanning-guangxi, nn-gx and pu'er-yunnan, pe-yn) were investigated, using ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (uplc triple tof ms/ms). fourteen ellagitannins were newly identified in these muscadine grapes. the gra ... | 2017 | 28335440 |
| phenolic fractions from muscadine grape "noble" pomace can inhibit breast cancer cell mda-mb-231 better than those from european grape "cabernet sauvignon" and induce s-phase arrest and apoptosis. | tons of grape pomace which still contained a rich amount of plant polyphenols, is discarded after winemaking. plant polyphenols have multi-functional activities for human body. in this study, polyphenols of pomaces from muscadinia rotundifolia "noble" and vitis vinifera "cabernet sauvignon" were extracted and fractionated, and then they were analyzed with lc-ms and the inhibitory effects on breast cancer cells were compared. the inhibition on mda-mb-231 cells of fractions from "noble" was furthe ... | 2017 | 28329437 |
| muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia) or wine phytochemicals reduce intestinal inflammation in mice with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. | the objective of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemical extracts from muscadine grapes or wine on dextran sulfate sodium (dss)-induced colitis in mice and to investigate cellular mechanisms. two groups of c57bl/6j mice were gavaged with muscadine grape phytochemicals (mgp) or muscadine wine phytochemicals (mwp), respectively, for 14 days. acute colitis was induced by 3% dss in drinking water for 7 days. an additional two groups of mice served as healthy and di ... | 2017 | 28112913 |
| muscadine grape skin extract induces an unfolded protein response-mediated autophagy in prostate cancer cells: a tmt-based quantitative proteomic analysis. | muscadine grape skin extract (mske) is derived from muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia), a common red grape used to produce red wine. endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress activates the unfolded protein response (upr) that serves as a survival mechanism to relieve er stress and restore er homeostasis. however, when persistent, er stress can alter the cytoprotective functions of the upr to promote autophagy and cell death. although mske has been documented to induce apoptosis, it has not been linked ... | 2016 | 27755556 |
| anthocyanin accumulation in muscadine berry skins is influenced by the expression of the myb transcription factors, myba1, and mybcs1. | the skin color of grape berry is very important in the wine industry. the red color results from the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanins, which is regulated by transcription factors belonging to the myb family. the transcription factors that activate the anthocyanin biosynthetic genes have been isolated in model plants. however, the genetic basis of color variation is species-specific and its understanding is relevant in many crop species. this study reports the isolation of myba1, and my ... | 2016 | 27754335 |
| identification of muscadine wine sulfur volatiles: pectinase versus skin-contact maceration. | muscadine grapes ( vitis rotundifolia ) are widely grown in the southern united states, as the more common vitis vinifera cannot be cultivated due to pierce's disease. there is interest to determine if certain cultivars can be used for good-quality wine production. this study compared the effect of pectolytic enzyme pretreatment with conventional skin-contact fermentation on muscadine (noble, vitis rotundifolia ) wine major volatiles, aroma active volatiles, and volatile sulfur compounds (vscs). ... | 2013 | 23289372 |
| consumer acceptability of fresh-market muscadine grapes. | the objective of this research was to investigate the acceptability of muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia) genotypes (cultivars and selections) and to correlate overall liking to other quality measurements to determine the main drivers of liking. twenty-two genotypes grown at the univ. of georgia-tifton campus were evaluated. four retail commercial grape genotypes (vitis vinifera and "concord") were also evaluated for comparison. panelists familiar with muscadine grapes used the hedonic general ... | 2016 | 27741360 |
| fruit quality, nutraceutical and antimicrobial properties of 58 muscadine grape varieties (vitis rotundifolia michx.) grown in united states. | fifty-eight muscadine grape varieties were evaluated for their fruit quality, nutraceutical, and antimicrobial properties during two growing seasons (2012 vs. 2013). fruit quality was significantly different among muscadine grape varieties, with weight ranged from 2.93 to 22.32g, ph from 3.01 to 3.84, titratable acidity from 0.27% to 0.83%, and °brix from 10.92 to 23.91. total phenols for different muscadine juices varied from 0.26 to 1.28mgga/ml, skins from 10.13 to 30.02mgga/g dm, and seeds fr ... | 2017 | 27542461 |
| a framework genetic map of muscadinia rotundifolia. | this study presents a framework linkage map based on microsatellite markers for muscadinia rotundifolia (1n = 20). the mapping population consisted of 206 progeny generated from a cross of two m. rotundifolia varieties, 'fry' and 'trayshed'. a total of 884 primers were tested for their ability to amplify markers: 686 amplified and 312 simple sequence repeat (ssr) primer pairs generated 322 polymorphic markers for either one or both parents. the map for the female parent 'fry' consisted of 212 ma ... | 2012 | 22688272 |
| potential of muscadine grapes as a viable host of drosophila suzukii (diptera: drosophilidae) in blueberry-producing regions of the southeastern united states. | spotted wing drosophila, drosophila suzukii matsumura (diptera: drosophilidae), is an economically important invasive pest of many soft- and thin-skinned fruits in the united states. this pest has recently threatened blueberry production, a multimillion dollar industry in the southeastern united states. muscadine grapes are often planted in mixed-crop production systems with blueberries. although d. suzukii can oviposit in intact soft-skinned grapes, it has yet to be investigated whether muscadi ... | 2016 | 26921227 |
| formation of whey protein-polyphenol meso-structures as a natural means of creating functional particles. | whey proteins provide structure and nutritional properties in food, while berry juices are thought to have biological activity that can impart anti-inflammatory health effects. in combination, the two could be an excellent source of necessary and supplemental nutrients as well as expand the functionality of whey proteins in food structures. the objectives of this investigation were to (1) develop an approach for particle formation between whey protein and cranberry, blackcurrant, or muscadine gr ... | 2016 | 26857696 |
| novel value-added uses for sweet potato juice and flour in polyphenol- and protein-enriched functional food ingredients. | blackcurrant, blueberry, and muscadine grape juices were efficiently sorbed, concentrated, and stabilized into dry granular ingredient matrices which combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant fruit polyphenols with sweet potato functional constituents (carotenoids, vitamins, polyphenols, fibers). total phenolics were highest in blackcurrant-orange sweet potato ingredient matrices (34.03 mg/g), and lowest in muscadine grape-yellow sweet potato matrices (10.56 mg/g). similarly, anthocyanins were ... | 2015 | 26405527 |
| muscadine grape seed oil as a novel source of tocotrienols to reduce adipogenesis and adipocyte inflammation. | tocotrienols are unsaturated forms of vitamin e previously shown to reduce adipogenesis and adipose inflammation. in this study, muscadine grape seed oil (mgso) was identified as a novel source of tocotrienols containing significant amounts of α- and γ-tocotrienol (t3) with minor seasonal changes. the aim of this study was to assess the anti-adipogenic and anti-inflammatory potential of mgso by using primary human adipose-derived stem cells (hascs). differentiating hascs were treated with mgso a ... | 2015 | 26073057 |
| run1 and ren1 pyramiding in grapevine (vitis vinifera cv. crimson seedless) displays an improved defense response leading to enhanced resistance to powdery mildew (erysiphe necator). | fungal pathogens are the cause of the most common diseases in grapevine and among them powdery mildew represents a major focus for disease management. different strategies for introgression of resistance in grapevine are currently undertaken in breeding programs. for example, introgression of several resistance genes (r) from different sources for making it more durable and also strengthening the plant defense response. taking this into account, we cross-pollinated p09-105/34, a grapevine plant ... | 2017 | 28553300 |
| a phase i study of muscadine grape skin extract in men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer: safety, tolerability, and dose determination. | new therapies are being explored as therapeutic options for men with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer (brpc) who wish to defer androgen deprivation therapy. mpx is pulverized muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia) skin that contains ellagic acid, quercetin, and resveratrol and demonstrates preclinical activity against prostate cancer cells in vitro. | 2015 | 26012728 |
| ellagic acid induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through tgf-β/smad3 signaling pathway in human breast cancer mcf-7 cells. | breast cancer represents the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide and preventive therapy could reverse or delay the devastating impact of this disease. ellagic acid (ea), a dietary flavonoid polyphenol which is present in abundance in pomegranate, muscadine grapes, walnuts and strawberries, has been shown to inhibit cancer cells proliferation and induce apoptosis. here, we investigated the growth inhibitory effects of ea on mcf-7 breast cancer cells. in the present ... | 2015 | 25647396 |
| bioactive capacity, sensory properties, and nutritional analysis of a shelf stable protein-rich functional ingredient with concentrated fruit and vegetable phytoactives. | well-known health-protective phytochemicals from muscadine grape and kale were stably complexed with food grade protein (soy or hemp protein isolates) to create biofortified food ingredients for use in a variety of convenient, portable food formulations. the bioactive (anti-inflammatory) potential, sensory attributes and proximates of the prepared formulations were evaluated in this study. anti-inflammatory properties of the protein-phytoactive ingredient particles were contributed by the polyph ... | 2014 | 25359555 |
| concentrating immunoprotective phytoactive compounds from fruits and vegetables into shelf-stable protein-rich ingredients. | co-delivery of edible proteins with health-protective fruit (muscadine grape) and vegetable (kale) phytoactive compounds was accomplished in a biofortified ingredient for use in convenient, portable food formulations. polyphenolics were concentrated (10-42 mg/g range) in dry muscadine-protein matrices. kale-fortified protein matrices also captured polyphenolics (8 mg/g), carotenoids (69 μg/g) and glucosinolates (7 μmol/g). neither total phenolics nor glucosinolates were significantly diminished ... | 2014 | 25351938 |
| application of muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia michx.) pomace extract to reduce carcinogenic acrylamide. | acrylamide is a byproduct of the maillard reaction and is formed in a variety of heat-treated commercial starchy foods. it is known to be toxic and potentially carcinogenic to humans. muscadine grape polyphenols and standard phenolic compounds were examined on the reduction of acrylamide in an equimolar asparagine/glucose chemical model, a potato chip model, and a simulated physiological system. polyphenols were found to significantly reduce acrylamide in the chemical model, with reduced rates h ... | 2015 | 25842328 |
| evaluation of powdery mildew-resistance of grape germplasm and rapid amplified polymorphic dna markers associated with the resistant trait in chinese wild vitis. | the resistance of wild vitis germplasm, including chinese and american wild vitis and vitis vinifera cultivars, to powdery mildew (uncinula necator burr.) was evaluated for two consecutive years under natural conditions. most of the chinese and north american species displayed a resistant phenotype, whereas all of the european species were highly susceptible. the alachua and conquistador accessions of vitis rotundifolia species, which originated in north america, were immune to the disease, whil ... | 2014 | 24854440 |
| untranslated leader region polymorphism of tvv1, a retrotransposon family, is a novel marker useful for analyzing genetic diversity and relatedness in the genus vitis. | grapevine retrotransposons belonging to the tvv1 family share a single, highly conserved open reading frame but differ by their untranslated leader (utl) region, which is highly variable in size. amplification of the utl region of tvv1 elements from 94 vitaceae accessions reveals that each of them shows a unique pattern of utl-derived bands, which is inherited in progenies but conserved between clones vegetatively propagated. the overall organization of genetic diversity of the vitaceae at the i ... | 2007 | 17926019 |
| fatty acid composition, oxidative stability, antioxidant and antiproliferative properties of selected cold-pressed grape seed oils and flours. | cold-pressed chardonnay, muscadine, ruby red, and concord grape seed oils and their defatted flours were studied for their fatty acid composition, oxidative stability and antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. the phenolic profiles of the seed flours were also measured. the most abundant fatty acid in the oils was linoleic acid, ranging from 66.0g/100g of total fatty acids in ruby red seed oil to 75.3g/100g of total fatty acids in concord seed oil. the oils were also high in oleic acid an ... | 2011 | 25212146 |
| comparison of odor-active compounds in grapes and wines from vitis vinifera and non-foxy american grape species. | native american grape (vitis) species have many desirable properties for winegrape breeding, but hybrids of these non-vinifera wild grapes with vitis vinifera often have undesirable aromas. other than the foxy-smelling compounds in vitis labrusca and vitis rotundifolia , the aromas inherent to american vitis species are not well characterized. in this paper, the key odorants in wine produced from the american grape species vitis riparia and vitis cinerea were characterized in comparison to wine ... | 2011 | 21879766 |
| ocular inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress are attenuated by supplementation with grape polyphenols in human retinal pigmented epithelium cells and in c57bl/6 mice. | inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress are common denominators for vision-threatening diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. based on our previous study, supplementation with muscadine grape polyphenols (mgps) alleviated systemic insulin resistance and proinflammatory responses. in this study, we hypothesized that mgps would also be effective in attenuating ocular inflammation and er stress. we tested this hypothesis using the human retinal pigmen ... | 2014 | 24699803 |
| enzyme release of phenolics from muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia michx.) skins and seeds. | enzyme degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides can potentially enhance the release of bioactive phenolics. the aim of this study was to evaluate various combinations of solvent and enzyme, enzyme type (cellulase, pectinase, ß-glucosidase), and hydrolysis time (1, 4, 8, 24 h) on the release of muscadine grape skin and seed phenolics, and their antioxidant activities. results showed that pre-treated muscadine skins and seeds with enzymes decreased total phenolic yield compared with solvent ... | 2014 | 24679747 |
| muscadine grape skin extract reverts snail-mediated epithelial mesenchymal transition via superoxide species in human prostate cancer cells. | snail transcription factor can induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (emt), associated with decreased cell adhesion-associated molecules like e-cadherin, increased mesenchymal markers like vimentin, leading to increased motility, invasion and metastasis. muscadine grape skin extract (mske) has been shown to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis without affecting normal prostate epithelial cells. we investigated novel molecular mechanisms by which snail promotes emt in prost ... | 2014 | 24617993 |
| an optimized procedure for plant recovery from somatic embryos significantly facilitates the genetic improvement of vitis. | plant regeneration from grapevine (vitis spp.) via somatic embryogenesis typically is poor. recovery of plants from vitis rotundifolia michx. (muscadine grape) is particularly problematic due to extremely low efficiency, including extended culture durations required for embryo-plant conversion. poor plant recovery is an obstacle to the selection of improved genetically modified lines. somatic embryos (ses) of v. rotundifolia cultivar delicious (del-hs) and vitis vinifera l cultivar thompson seed ... | 2014 | 26504540 |
| differential induction of antioxidant stilbenoids in hairy roots of vitis rotundifolia treated with methyl jasmonate and hydrogen peroxide. | stilbenoids are polyphenolic phytoalexins that exhibit potential health applications in humans. hairy root cultures of muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia michx.) were used to study the biochemical and molecular regulation of stilbenoid biosynthesis upon treatment with 100 μm methyl jasmonate (meja) or 10 mm hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) over a 96-h period. resveratrol, piceid, and ε-viniferin were identified in higher concentrations in the tissue whereas resveratrol was the most abundant stilbenoid ... | 2014 | 24269870 |
| itraq-based quantitative proteomics of developing and ripening muscadine grape berry. | grapes are among the widely cultivated fruit crops in the world. grape berries like other nonclimacteric fruits undergo a complex set of dynamic, physical, physiological, and biochemical changes during ripening. muscadine grapes are widely cultivated in the southern united states for fresh fruit and wine. to date, changes in the metabolites composition of muscadine grapes have been well documented; however, the molecular changes during berry development and ripening are not fully known. the aim ... | 2014 | 24251720 |
| phenolic content and antioxidant capacity of muscadine grapes. | fruits of 10 cultivars of muscadine grapes (five bronze skin and five purple skin) grown in southern georgia were separated into skin, seed, and pulp. each fruit part and the leaves from the corresponding varieties were extracted for hplc analysis of major phenolics. total phenolics were determined colorimetrically using folin-ciocalteu reagent. total anthocyanins were determined according to a ph-differential method, using a uv-visible spectrophotometer. antioxidant capacity was determined by t ... | 2003 | 12926904 |
| incorrectly annotated keratin derived peptide sequences lead to misleading ms/ms data interpretation. | in the course of the nanolc-nanoesi-ms/ms analysis of chelidonium majus proteins we detected an extremely abundant 12 aa peptide (sequence: tnaenefvtikk). the mascot search against ncbinr database with viridiplantae taxonomic restriction revealed its complete identity to unknown protein 18 from pseudotsuga menziesii (p85925). the same sequence has also been submitted as unknown protein 1 (p86104) from vitis rotundifolia and as a part of the oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1 (oee1) from pinus st ... | 2013 | 23895828 |
| adsorption/desorption characteristics and separation of anthocyanins from muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) juice pomace by use of macroporous adsorbent resins. | in this study, the adsorption/desorption characteristics of anthocyanins on five amberlite resins (fpx-66, xad-7hp, xad-16n, xad-1180, and xad-761) were evaluated. fpx-66 and xad-16n showed the highest adsorption and desorption capacities and ratios for anthocyanins from muscadine pomace extract, while xad-7hp had the lowest adsorption and desorption capacities and ratios. on the basis of static adsorption and desorption tests, three resins (fpx-66, xad-16n, and xad-1180) were selected for adsor ... | 2013 | 23368425 |
| analysis of phenolic composition of noble muscadine (vitis rotundifolia) by hplc-ms and the relationship to its antioxidant capacity. | phenolic compounds and anthocyanins in muscadines have attracted much attention due to their diverse biological activities. with bioassays of antioxidant activities in terms of total phenolic content (tpc), total anthocyanin content (tac), total procyanidin content (tpa), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (frap) of different parts of the noble muscadine, the butanol (buoh) extract of the muscadine skin showed the highest tpc (317.91 ± 1.83 mg gae/10 ... | 2012 | 22924759 |
| muscadine grape (vitis rotundifolia) and wine phytochemicals prevented obesity-associated metabolic complications in c57bl/6j mice. | the objective of this study was to determine the effects of muscadine grape or wine (cv. noble) phytochemicals on obesity and associated metabolic complications. muscadine grape or wine phytochemicals were extracted using amberlite fpx66 resin. male c57bl/6j mice were given a low-fat diet (lf, 10% kcal fat), high-fat diet (hf, 60% kcal fat), hf + 0.4% muscadine grape phytochemicals (hf+mgp), or hf + 0.4% muscadine wine phytochemicals (hf+mwp) for 15 weeks. at 7 weeks, mice fed hf+mgp had signifi ... | 2012 | 22788667 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and evaporative light-scattering detector to compare phenolic profiles of muscadine grapes. | evaporative light scattering detector (elsd) is considered as a universal detector able to detect almost any compound. this study successfully established a hplc-elsd method for the simultaneous determination of phenolic acids, flavonoids and anthocyanins in muscadine grape. twenty-four phenolics, including 5 anthocyanins, were identified by hplc-uv-ms, ten of them were selected to calibrate the elsd. results from the elsd quantification suggested that gallic acid, proanthocyanidins, and ellagic ... | 2012 | 22520637 |
| phenolic contents and compositions in skins of red wine grape cultivars among various genetic backgrounds and originations. | in order to analyze and compare the phenolic characteristics of red wine grapes with diverse genetic backgrounds, skin phenolics among 21 different cultivars belonging to vitis vinifera l., east asian and north american vitis species and hybrids, as well as 2 varieties of muscadine grapes were estimated by hplc-ms/ms. there were 45 anthocyanins, 28 flavonols, 8 flavan-3-ols, 9 cinnamic acids, 5 benzoic acids, 5 ellagic acids and 2 stilbenes detected in all the samples. total contents of each phe ... | 2012 | 22489164 |
| a review on chemical and biological properties of cayratia trifolia linn. (vitaceae). | cayratia trifolia linn. domin syn. vitis trifolia (family: vitaceae) is commonly known as fox grape in english; amlabel, ramchana in hindi and amlavetash in sanskrit. it is native to india, asia and australia. it is a perennial climber having trifoliated leaves with 2-3 cm long petioles and ovate to oblong-ovate leaflets. flowers are small greenish white and brown in color. fruits are fleshy, juicy, dark purple or black, nearly spherical, about 1 cm in diameter. it is found throughout the hills ... | 2011 | 22279376 |
| mining and validating grape (vitis l.) ests to develop est-ssr markers for genotyping and mapping. | grape expressed sequence tags (ests) are a new resource for developing simple sequence repeat (ssr) functional markers for genotyping and genetic mapping. an integrated pipeline including several computational tools for ssr identification and functional annotation was developed to identify 6,447 est-ssr sequences from a total collection of 215,609 grape ests retrieved from ncbi. the 6,447 est-ssrs were further reduced to 1,701 non-redundant sequences via clustering analysis, and 1,037 of them we ... | 2011 | 21841909 |
| muscadine grape skin extract can antagonize snail-cathepsin l-mediated invasion, migration and osteoclastogenesis in prostate and breast cancer cells. | to develop new and effective chemopreventive agents against bone metastasis, we assessed the effects of muscadine grape skin extract (mske), whose main bioactive component is anthocyanin, on bone turnover, using prostate and breast cancer cell models overexpressing snail transcription factor. mske has been shown previously to promote apoptosis in prostate cancer cells without affecting normal prostate epithelial cells. snail is overexpressed in prostate and breast cancer, and is associated with ... | 2015 | 26069256 |
| resveratrol inhibits periodontal pathogens in vitro. | the gram-negative anaerobic bacteria a. actinomycetemcomitans (aa) and p. gingivalis (pg) are key components in the aetiology of periodontal disease, and associated hard-tissue destruction. resveratrol is a phytoalexin, produced naturally by several plants when under attack by bacterial or fungal pathogens. it is found in many foods including mulberries, peanuts and the skin of labrusca and muscadine grapes. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the in vitro gr ... | 2011 | 21520308 |
| effect of muscadine grape seed supplementation on vascular function in subjects with or at risk for cardiovascular disease: a randomized crossover trial. | muscadine grape seeds have high concentrations of polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant and other properties that would be expected to have favorable effects on endothelial function. | 2010 | 21504973 |
| antioxidant capacity, phenolic content, and profiling of phenolic compounds in the seeds, skin, and pulp of vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grapes) as determined by hplc-dad-esi-ms(n). | the objective of this study was to determine and compare the total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in the seeds, skin, and pulp of eight cultivars of florida-grown muscadine grapes and to identify the phenolic compounds in these respective portions. total phenolic contents were determined colorimetrically using folin-ciocalteu reagent, and antioxidant capacity was determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with diode array ( ... | 2010 | 20334341 |