| nonspecific reactions with the intradermal test for hydatidosis in persons with other helminth infections. | a partially purified echinococcus antigen solution, prepared by boiling hydatid cyst fluid, was used in the intradermal test for hydatid disease in a peruvian population. an unexpectedly high rate of positive reactions and poor agreement with serological tests suggested the presence of some agent(s) which produced cross-reactions with echinococcus granulosus antigens in the intradermal test. testing of hospital patients infected with a variety of helminths demonstrated nonspecific reactions in p ... | 1975 | 53018 |
| aberrant form of hymenolepis nana: possible opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients. | | 1979 | 92715 |
| [intense blood hyperosinophilia in hymenolepis nana infestation. considerations on 2 cases]. | two cases of infestation with hymenolepis nana are reported in which evidence was found of intense blood hypereosinophilia (in average 50%); this is not in keeping with the classical data on parasitic hyperosinophilia, thus confirming the strictly individual character of the eosinophilic reactions in parasitoses, as also sustained by other authors. | 1976 | 134441 |
| 2'-chloro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide-4'-isothiocyanate--a new cestodicidal agent [1]. | 2'-chloro-1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilide-4'-isothiocyanate (4) has been synthesized as the structural analogue of yomesan (1) and was found to be active against experimental dwarf tapeworm hymenolepis nana infection in rats at an oral dose of 7.5 mg/kg. | 1978 | 150149 |
| a biochemical and ultrastructural study of the mode of action of bunamidine against hymenolepis nana. | | 1977 | 194853 |
| a comparative study of the two alternative larval forms of hymenolepis nana, the dwarf tapeworm, with special reference to the process of excystment. | studies of the cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana from insects and from mouse villi revealed important differences in cyst structure and function. the insect form resists low ph unless treated with bile salts which render the cyst permeable and reduce infectivity to mice. bile salts are not essential for scolex activation. activation is inhibited by ph 2.5 and under and by 1% succinic acid up to ph 4.0. the importance of scolex immobility and energy conservation in relation to cyst impermeability ... | 1975 | 242138 |
| relative biological effectiveness of fast neutrons: suppression of immune capacity to hymenolepis nana in mice. | | 1978 | 308496 |
| socio-agricultural factors and parasitic infections in the caspian littoral region of iran. | surveys for intestinal parasites in villages in the babol area of the caspian littoral region of iran have been conducted for five years. during this period, mass chemotherapy and individual treatment have been administered. while the overall prevalence of parasitic disease was reduced after these campaigns, reinfection took place repeatedly, and at a rapid rate. this paper re-examines the prevalence of seven helminth species (ascaris lumbricoides), hookworms (ancylostoma duodenale and necator a ... | 1979 | 317393 |
| the course of hymenolepis nana infections in thymus-deficient mice. | the kinetics of infection with hymenolepis nana was examined in normal thymus-deficient mice. following inoculation with 5 cyticercoids, the number of adult lumen-dwelling h. nana in congenitally thymus-deficient (nude) mice ultimately was at least 75 times the maximum infection intensity of normal thymus-bearing mice or thymus-reconstituted nude mice. similar results were obtained following inoculation of h. nana eggs into nude mice; although thymus-bearing mice eliminated their infections, nud ... | 1977 | 338509 |
| human parasitoses of the malili area, south sulawesi (celebes) province, indonesia. | a biomedical survey was conducted in 9 villages in the malili area of south sulawesi, indonesia. blood specimens were examined for malaria and microfilariae; stool specimens were examined for intestinal parasites. malaria parasitemias were rare; plasmodium falciparum was detected in 10 and p. vivax in 11 of 985 blood smears. malayan filariasis was endemic to all villages surveyed. the overall prevalence of detectable microfilaremias was 15%, varying from 34% in kawata to 1% in nuha. microfilaria ... | 1978 | 364674 |
| evaluation of a new antihelminthic for trichuriasis, hookworm, and stronglyloidiasis. | mebendazole was tested in a double-blind trial for its efficacy in the treatment and control of enteric helminths. one hundred and twenty-two children from a community near the gulf of carpentaria, and from a community in cape york peninsula in northern queensland were divided into two equal groups to receive a course of either mebendazole or placebo after the identification of one or more intestinal helminths in a single pretreatment specimen of faeces. between the tenth and twentieth days afte ... | 1979 | 381876 |
| [the efficacy of praziquantel against experimental cysticercosis and hydatidosis (author's transl)]. | praziquantel is active against cysticerci in experimentally infected mice, rabbits, sheep and cattle. after single or repeated application the infectious stages of hymenolepis nana, cysticercus fasciolaris, c. pisiformis, c. tennuicollis and c. bovis were killed. the compound is more active against older than against younger stages as demonstrated with h. nana-cystecercoids and c. fasciolaris in mice. against the tetrahyridia of mesocestoides corti in mice praziquantel is only effective after an ... | 1978 | 417482 |
| chemotherapeutic effects of 4-isothiocyanato-4'-nitrodiphenylamine (c9333-go/cgp 4540) on infections with nematospiroides dubius, hymenolepis diminuta, hymenolepis nana and spirometra mansonoides. | 4-isothiocyanato-4'-nitrodiphenylamine possessed anthelmintic activity against nippostrongylus dubius and hymenolepis nana in mice and h. diminuta in rats as determined by both egg counts and recovery of parasites at autopsy. no activity was detected against the cestode. spirometra mansonoides, in cats. | 1979 | 421846 |
| hymenolepis nana: intestinal tissue phase in actively immunized mice. | we investigated the fate of the intestinal cestode hymenolepis nana in immunized mice. immunity was induced by infection with the parasite eggs. these immunized animals and unimmunized controls were then challenged with 50,000 h. nana eggs. the mice were killed 4 to 90 hr after challenge, and h. nana in the intestinal tissue were counted. at 4 hr after challenge the unimmunized and immunized animals had approximately equal numbers of oncospheres. by 12 hr there were fewer parasites in the immuni ... | 1979 | 448601 |
| intestinal parasitic infestation in urban and rural xhosa children. a comparative study. | evidence of helminthic intestinal parasites was found in 97,0% of stools of 544 xhosa schoolchildren living in cape town. the commonest parasite was trichuris trichiura, which infested 89,9% of the children. in contrast, only 9,8% of 387 xhosa children living in the tsolo district, transkei, had evidence of intestinal parasites in their stools, hymenolepis nana being the commonest. in spite of the unsatisfactory sanitary conditions in the tsolo area compared with those in guguletu, cape town, wh ... | 1979 | 462313 |
| phlyctenular eye disease in association with hymenolepis nana in egypt. | it had been previously noticed that infection with parasites was common in children suffering from phlyctenulosis. in the present study the stools of 471 patients suffering from phlyctenular disease were examined and it was found that 62.6% of them had hymenolepis nana ova in their stools as compared with 10.8% of the controls. all patients had hymenolipis nana immune sera. many of these patients had abdominal symptoms. hymenolepis nana is a cestode parasite discovered by bilharz in cairo in 185 ... | 1979 | 486380 |
| [parasitosis and zoonosis in mice and rats caught in and around beytepe village (author's transl)]. | this helmintho-zoonotic investigation has been made on 106 mice and rats from different species caught in and around of beytepe village, these animals are reservoirs for a number of zoonotic parasites and most of these parasites are causative agents of zoonosis in man. the parasites found and their prevalences are; sphacia obvelata: 42.4%, sphacia muris: 28.3%, aspicularis tetraptera: 14.1%, ascaris lumbricoides (pseudo.) 2.8%, gongylonema neoplasticum: 1.8% trichuris muris: 6.6%, capillaria gas ... | 1979 | 553997 |
| imidazo[4,5-f]quinolines. 4. synthesis and anthelmintic activity of a series of imidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-9-ols. | a series of 2-arylimidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-9-ols has been prepared by a multistep procedure from various 5-aminobenzimidazoles. these compounds possess a significant degree of anthelmintic activity against the mouse tapeworm hymenolepis nana. the most active compound is the 2-(2-furyl) analogue. additional anthelmintic testing is reported for this compound. | 1978 | 564407 |
| anthelmintic control of concurrent hymenolepis nana and syphacia obvelata infections in the mouse with uredofos. | tests were made to determine the efficacy of uredofos in either the diet or drinking water for controlling induced hymenolepis nana and naturally acquired syphacia obvelata infections in the mouse. four levels of administration (50, 75, 100, and 125 parts per million) were used in a 6-day drugdiet assay. consistent removal of hymenolepis nana occurred only at 125 parts per million, whereas removal syphacia obvelata was complete at all levels. the disodium salt of uredofos was given in the drinki ... | 1978 | 567262 |
| the response of nematodes in vivo and in vitro to some anthelmintics. | dietary feeding of drugs for 5 days to mice infected with nematospiroides dubius and hymenolepis nana detected all modern anthelmintics examined except stilbazium. a simple test using eggs of nematodirus spathiger and adult nippostrongylus brasillensis to detect anthelmintics in vitro is reported. | 1977 | 599274 |
| studies on the intestinal parasites in african patients in owamboland, south west africa. | the paper gives the results of a survey of intestinal parasites among 501 in-patients drawn from four mission hospitals in owambo and kavango in northern south west africa. most of the patients (90%) were examined twice by the formol-ether concentration method, while the remaining 10% had one stool specimen examined. 10 species of helminths and 3 species of potentially-pathogenic protozoa were recorded--necator americanus, strongyloides stercoralis, strongyloides fuelleborni, hymenolepis nana, t ... | 1978 | 635971 |
| the occurrence and distribution of 5-hydroxytryptamine in hymenolepis diminuta and h. nana. | the presence of 5-ht in hymenolepis diminuta and hymenolepis nana was detected by 2 biochemical methods and as yellow fluorescence in a histochemical method. in h. diminuta, 5-ht was found in a concentration of about 1.2 micron/g; this amount did not vary significantly in worms aged 6 to 18 days or more or in various regions of the worm. in h. nana, 5-ht was found in a concentration of about 1.8 micron/g. it was histochemically localized in h. diminuta and h. nana in a pattern similar to that of ... | 1978 | 641668 |
| [development of cysticercoid larva of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna in tenebrio molitor and leucophaea maderae haemoceles (author's transl)]. | when embryos of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna are injected abdominally, they are able to reach the cysticercoid stage in the haemocele of leucophaea maderae which naturally resist to infection by ingestion of the eggs. the haemocytic defence reaction of the cockroach and the structure of the surface of larvae are examined and compared with development in a natural host tenebrio molitor. | 1978 | 677716 |
| [hymenolepis nana var. fraterna (cestoda: hymenolepididae) in leucophaea maderae (dictyoptera: blattidae): the host-parasite conflict after experimental inhibition of haemocytic reaction (author's transl)]. | development of non-encapsulated cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna, in the haemocoele of leucophaea maderae occured after the inhibition of the haemocytic reaction by irradiation or injection of a soluble antigen of hymenolepis nana. fine structure of the tegument of free larvae is observed and the mechanism of a possible defence of the parasite by the microvillar coat, discussed. | 1978 | 677718 |
| primary infection with mouse-derived cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana prepared from baby or adult mice and secondary infections with eggs or cysticercoids. | | 1978 | 681070 |
| action of 5-chloro-4'-nitro-salicylanilide on the cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana in rats. | | 1978 | 700850 |
| synthesis of substituted 1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilides as potential cestodicidal agents. | a series of substituted 1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilides 4--14 has been synthesized by treating 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acids 2 with substituted anilines 3. the nitronaphthanilides, on reduction and subsequent treatment with thiophosgene, gave the corresponding substituted 2-naphthanilide isothiocyanates 30--33. substitution of the chlorine of 8 by various cyclic amines gave 3'-nitro-4'-substituted 1-hydroxy-2-naphthanilides 15--21. various 3-aryl-4-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1,3-naphthoxazine-2-thiones 34-43 and ... | 1978 | 722724 |
| prevalence of parasitic infections in malaysian oil palm estate workers. | a survey of workers and families resident in an oil palm estate in malaysia revealed high incidence of parasitic infections. the commonest parasites are t. trichiura (56%), a. lumbricoides (52%), hookworm (28%), entamoeba coli (11.3%) and giardia lamblia (11.3%). mixed infections by two or more parasites was seen in 46% of the subjects. anaemia was present in 70% of children with hookworm infection. eosinophilia was observed in 69% of subjects. one each of hymenolepis nana and hymenolepis diminu ... | 1978 | 725660 |
| hymenolepis nana: protective immunity against mouse-derived cysticercoids induced by initial inoculation with eggs. | | 1978 | 729689 |
| effect of sheep liver extract, serially filtered in combination with hanks' bss or reconstituted after sephadex column fractionation, on the growth & maturation of hymenolepis nana in vitro. | | 1978 | 750391 |
| parasitic infections in humans in west kalimantan (borneo), indonesia. | a survey was carried out among inhabitants of eight villages in west kalimantan province (borneo), whereby blood smears were examined for malaria, stools examined for intestinal parasites and sera tested by the indirect hemagglutination test for antibodies to entamoeba histolytica and toxoplasma gondii. the prevalence of malaria among 3017 people examined was 5.6% (plasmodium vivax 2.8%, plasmodium falciparum 2.8%). brugia malayi microfilariae were found in 3.6% and wuchereria bancrofti in 0.3%. ... | 1976 | 788263 |
| synthesis and biological activity of some new furan quaternary salts. | a series of new n-(5-substituted 2-furfuryl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-aryloxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salts relating to general structure iv has been synthesized by reacting 5-substituted 2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furans iia-d with appropriate aryloxyalkyl bromides iii. the resulting compounds are tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity. a simpler synthesis of 5-nitro-2-(n,n-dimethylaminomethyl)furan (iid) involving the reduction of n,n-dimethyl-5-nitro-2-furamide (ib) with diborane is described. a n ... | 1977 | 833814 |
| a simple method for collecting infective cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana from the mouse intestine. | | 1977 | 845733 |
| the mode of passive protection against hymenolepis nana induced by serum transfer. | | 1977 | 858658 |
| synthesis of 5-chloro-3'-nitro-4'-substituted salicylanilides, a new series of anthelmintic and antimicrobial agents. | a number of 5-chloro-3'-nitro-4'-substituted salicylanilides (6--23) have been synthesized by treating 4',5-dichloro-3'-nitrosalicylanilide (5) with various sodium aryl oxides, alkoxides, or amines. these compounds have been tested against hymenolepis nana infection in rats and have also been evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against various strains of bacteria and fungi. in the former test 17 was the most active cestodicidal agent showing activity at 30 mg/kg. in the antimicro ... | 1977 | 874957 |
| [fate of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna (cestoda) in an unusual host: leucophacea maderae (dictyoptera)]. | | 1977 | 900782 |
| the efficacy of praziquantel against cestodes in animals. | praziquantel (embay 8440, droncit) is a new type of acylated isoquinoline-pyrazine. a single oral or subcutaneous dose of the compound is reliably effective against juvenile and adult cestodes in mice and rats. for the first time, with praziquantel a compound is available that is also effective on cestodes in the bile-duct. using hymenolepis nana in mice we were able to show that age, sex, strain and intensity of infestation of the host have no influence on the efficacy. the onset of the effect ... | 1977 | 906623 |
| [treatment of infections by hymenolepis nana, taenia saginata, taenia solium and diphyllobothrium pacificum with praziquantel (embay 8440) (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 911432 |
| [therapeutic trial with praziquantel in taenia saginata and hymenolepis nana infections (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 911433 |
| [the results of copro parasitological investigations in two poor districts in ankara]. | 542 stools were examined for intestinal helminths. 97 of them showed parasitic infestation. the number and percentages of the species found are shown below, ascaris lumbricoides 39 7.4%, hymenolepis nana 24 4.4%, enterobius vermicularis 16 3.0%, taenia saginata 4 0.8%, trichuris trichiura 12 2.2%. the helminthological diagnosis is based on the enrichment methods of flotation. | 1976 | 933901 |
| public health significance of zoonotic tapeworms in korea. | through an epidemiological review on the zoonotic tapeworms in korea, the frequency and severity of the zoonoses have been recognized. taeniasis and human cysticercosis are of importance to the public health in korea. the frequency of taeniasis is 0.3% to 12.7% discovered by stool examination and 4.5% to 38.0% discovered by questionaire survey. taeniasis occurs more frequently in males than in females and, especially, in both sexes in the age-group of 20 to 49. t. saginata is more common that t. ... | 1976 | 977229 |
| observations on coprophagy and the transmission of hymenolepis nana infections in mice. | young, previously uninfected white mice became infected with hymenolepis nana when exposed in small cages to parasite eggs which had been sprinkled in suspension onto the floor of their cage, or to faeces from mice with patent infections. the mean daily probabilities of infection for individual eggs under these two conditions were 2-9 x 10(-6) and 5-4 x 10(-6) respectively. if the mice were starved for 24 h prior to exposure to faeces, then the mean daily probability of infection increased to 2- ... | 1976 | 987569 |
| [interference of hymenolepis nana parasitosis on body weight development in mice]. | | 1976 | 1016628 |
| treatment of hymenolepis nana in hamsters with yomesan (niclosamide) | ground feed containing 0.33% active niclosamide fed ad libitum to hamsters for a period of 7 da eliminated hymenolepis nana from all animals tested. six- to 8-wk-old hamsters fed at 3 and 10 times the therapeutic dose were not adversely affected. | 1975 | 1134039 |
| [reinfection and recidive in hymenolepis nana infections (author's transl)]. | the excretion of hymenolepis nana eggs begins in cf-1 mice between the 11th and 12th day irrespective of the wormload. in swiss mice, however, the onset of egg excretion can be retarded up to the 15th day if the number of parasites is high. the re-appearance of eggs after treatment occurs between the 6th and 9th day using an exact diagnostic method. if the number of parasites is low, than re-appearance of eggs occurs later than if it is high. an infection with eggs protects mice for several mont ... | 1975 | 1146377 |
| an enzymatic method (phospholipase b) for studies on cestode infection (hymenolepis nana) and its suppression by chemotherapy. | the phospholipase b activity of the small intestine of mice infected with hymenolepis nana has been studied to determine its value as a laboratory test for the presence of parasites and the chemotherapeutic effects of antitapeworm drugs. mice infected with 500 h. nana eggs were examined on the 21st day of infection and the phospholipase b content of homogenates of small intestine was determined using lysolecithin (6.6 x 10(-3) m) as the substrate. some of the infected animals were treated with n ... | 1975 | 1151771 |
| antibiotic g418, a new micrommomospora-produced aminglycoside with activity apainst protozoa and helminths: antiparasitic activity. | antibiotic g-418 was shown to be superior to paromomycin and metronidazole in cecal amoebiasis. of particular interest was the high degree of activity seen with a relatively short treatment at low levels. although the antibiotic was trichomonacidal in vitro at low levels, in vivo results indicated that at levels tested the antibiotic did not always affect cures. the antibiotic appears to have promise as an anticestode agent, being more active than paromomycin against hymenolepis nana and active ... | 1975 | 1155922 |
| [spontaneous infection of hymenolepis nana in hamsters (author's transl)]. | hymenolepis nana (von siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world. the authors found spontaneously occurred hymenolepiasis in conventional laboratory hamsters with mass and heavy infections. some individuals were infected with as many as 188 to 290 worms and in addition, numerous cysticercoids were found in the intestinal villi from the same hamsters. according to the early investigations ... | 1975 | 1171765 |
| axenic development of cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana. | cysticercoids of the tapeworm hymenolepis nana were grown axenically in vitro, from oncospheres hatched in vitro to fully developed organisms infective to mice. a gas phase of 95 n2--5 co2 was essential for normal development. | 1975 | 1185425 |
| anticestode quinolinehydrazones. | one hundred and seven 4-quinolinehydrazones were synthesized and tested in vivo against the tapeworm hymenolepis nana. twenty-five derivatives showed significant cestocidal activity; structure-activity correlations were performed using free-wilson methodology. two compounds, 2,6-dimethyl-4-[(3-pyridinylmethylene)hydrazino]quinoline and 2,6-dimethyl-4-[2p][(6-methyl)pyridinylmethylene]hydrazino)quinoline, predicted to be maximally active, effected 100% reduction of h. nana in mice at 200 mg/kg, p ... | 1975 | 1204834 |
| [effect of protein diet in an experiment on white mice and on the content of polysaccharides in tissues of the cestode hymenolepis nana (siebold, 1852)]. | | 1975 | 1214718 |
| [budding of hymenolepis nana cysticercoids in small intestine villi of mice]. | | 1975 | 1214734 |
| [regeneration of hymenolepis nana destroyed by phenasal]. | | 1975 | 1214737 |
| [absorption of d-xylose in intestinal parasitic diseases]. | in order to investigate the intestinal absorption in relation to parasitic diseases, 106 children were studied using the xylose test. all of them were attending a primary school. the height and weight were recorded, and the hemoblobin and hematocrit were estimated in each one. the examination of the stools shown one or more parasites in 57.6 per cent specimens. the e. histolytica, hymenolepis nana and a. lumbricoides, were identified in 22.6, 21.7 and 20.7 per cent children, respectively; g lamb ... | 1975 | 1219696 |
| [comparative study of different strains of the dwarf tapeworm, hymenolepis nana in the process of adapting to the body of a new host, the white mouse]. | different strains of h. nana from man, norway and white rats were studied in regards to their adaptability. strains obtained from spontaneously infected white mice and those passaged for several years on white mice served as control. in the course of successive passages the infectivity of these strains, developmental rates of tissue larvae, localization of cystocercoids in the small intestine and mesenteric lymph glands were compared. the strains were found to possess different adaptability to w ... | 1975 | 1221336 |
| continuous feed medication with thiabendazole for the removal of hymenolepis nana, syphacia obvelata and aspiculuris tetraptera in naturally infected mice. | | 1975 | 1237513 |
| novel phosphate anthelmintics. 3. alkyl and aryl 1-methyleneallyl phosphates, phosphonates, and phosphinates. | a series of new highly chlorinated 1-methyleneallyl ("butadienyl") dialkyl phosphates and related phosphonates and phosphinates has been synthesized and assessed for anthelmintic activity in mice against the tapeworm hymenolepis nana and the pinworm syphacia obvelata. highest activity was observed with diethyl 2,3,3-trichloro-1-dichloromethyleneallyl ("perchlorobutadienyl") phosphate (14), while replacement of both ethoxy groups by methoxy and larger alkoxy or phenyl groups gave less efficacious ... | 1975 | 1238570 |
| in vitro oncospheral agglutination given by immune sera from mice infected, and rabbits injected, with eggs of hymenolepis nana. | oncospheral agglutination given by sera immunized with hymenolepis nana eggs is described as a new way of assessing h. nana infection. all sera of mice which possessed acquired protective immunity against reinfection by h. nana eggs had the potency to induce oncospheral agglutination in vitro. only oncospheres, which had been hatched, agglutinated, no agglutination occurred in sera from uninfected mice. oncospheral agglutination was carried out by mixing 0-1 ml of serial two-fold dilutions of se ... | 1975 | 1238971 |
| [hymenolepis nana var. fraterna (cestoda: hymenolepididae) in leucophaea maderae (dictyoptera: blattidae): crossing of the intestinal wall]. | attempts to infect leucophaea maderae by feeding them with matured proglottids of hymenolepis nana var. fraterna, show that only a few embryos are able to go through the midgut wall. during this passage, the parasites induce in the host a cellular reaction into the epithelium and an hemocytic reaction outside. further development does not occur and embryos cannot reach the cysticercoïd stage. | 1975 | 1239974 |
| macrophages in protective immunity to hymenolepis nana in mice. | when mice were treated with carrageenan just before infection with eggs of hymenolepis nana, they failed to exhibit sterile immunity to the egg challenge, with evidence of a decrease in the number of peripheral macrophages (mø) and the rate of carbon clearance. although there were high levels of interleukin-1 (il-1) released into the intestinal tracts of the parasitized mice at challenge infection, there was almost no release of il-1 in those treated with carrageenan just before challenge. these ... | 1992 | 1289244 |
| [the living and health conditions of palestinian children]. | young people constitute 46% of the population in the west bank of israel and 48% in the gaza strip with a rate of growth of 3.1% and 3.4%, respectively. their living conditions are characterized by lack of sanitation, shortage of water (especially in comparison to israel proper), unemployment, curfews and closing of schools during tense periods by the military authorities as collective punishment for incidents. since 1967, israel has controlled and administered the health care service in these ... | 1992 | 1296273 |
| mechanisms of protective immunity in hymenolepis nana/mouse model. | some immunological and parasitological aspects related to the infection of hymenolepsis nana in mice are summarized in this review, focusing on the immune effector mechanisms involved in this host/parasite relationship. h. nana is a small cestode tapeworm of man and mice. a primary egg-infection determines within few days a strong immunity. immunity elicited by low-level primary infection is effective as a high-level infection. the protective role of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity is su ... | 1992 | 1339973 |
| a longitudinal study on anthropometric and clinical development of indian children adopted in sweden. ii. growth, morbidity and development during two years after arrival in sweden. | one hundred and fourteen consecutively recruited children adopted from india (60% girls) to sweden were studied during 2 years after arrival, with examinations monthly the first 6 months and thereafter every 3 months. sixty-two percent were below 1 year of age at arrival. there was a mean increase from -2.2 standard deviation scores (sds) height/age to -0.7 sds during the two years, and a similar development for weight/age, with no significant difference between boys and girls. the weight/height ... | 1992 | 1381851 |
| comparative aetiology of childhood diarrhoea in kakamega and kiambu districts, kenya. | two hundred diarrhoea specimens collected during january to february 1988, from rural children aged 0 to 60 months in kakamega district were examined for bacteria, parasites and rotavirus. the results were compared with a sample of 184 diarrhoea specimens matched for month of collection, taken from data collected in the same manner from children in kiambu district. the mean ages of children in the 2 samples did not differ significantly. there were significant differences in the prevalence of spe ... | 1992 | 1396210 |
| human helminthosis in a rural community of plateau state, nigeria. | urine and faecal samples were obtained from 1,517 people in fier, a typical rural village in plateau state, nigeria, for a parasitological survey among the population. 643 (42.39%) persons were found to be infected with altogether 9 helminths, namely: ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, taenia sp., trichuris trichiura, enterobius vermicularis, schistosoma mansoni, s. haematobium, hymenolepis nana and strongyloides stercoralis. age and religion as opposed to sex, type of sewage system, and type of ho ... | 1992 | 1456465 |
| a survey of the intestinal helminths of refugees in juba, sudan. | a parasitological survey of refugees based in juba, sudan, involving 241 faecal samples, revealed that 66% of the population harboured intestinal helminths. the most commonly found infection was hookworm (36%), followed by schistosoma mansoni (26%), strongyloides stercoralis (20%), hymenolepis nana (11%), ascaris lumbricoides (1.2%), trichuris trichiura (0.8%) and taenia sp. (0.4%). many of the specimens (42%) harboured a single infection, 21% had double, 2% triple and 1% quadruple infections. p ... | 1992 | 1463359 |
| reinvestigation of the ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and the spermatozoon of hymenolepis nana (cestoda, cyclophyllidea), parasite of the small intestine of rattus rattus. | spermiogenesis in hymenolepsis nana begins with the formation of a differentiation zone. this is limited at the front by arched membranes, is surrounded by cortical microtubules associated with 12 crested-like bodies, and contains a single centriole made up of doublets. the distal centriole gives rise to a flagellum that grows at the same pace as the cortical microtubules. migration of the nucleus takes place after the formation of the flagellum. it is followed by the separation of the old sperm ... | 1992 | 1510842 |
| a kinetic study of egg production, fecal egg output, and the rate of proglottid shedding in hymenolepis nana. | to estimate the rate of shedding of the proglottids during normal development of hymenolepis nana in mice, 2 parameters, i.e., egg production and fecal egg output, have been determined. changes in the number of eggs/proglottid along the length of the worm showed that, not only in vitro but also in vivo, a considerable number of eggs is discharged in situ while the proglottids are still attached to the worm. the in situ egg discharge, however, accounts only for a small fraction of the eggs appear ... | 1992 | 1597795 |
| immunodiagnosis of human cysticercosis (taenia solium): a field comparison of an antibody-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), an antigen-elisa, and an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) assay in peru. the cysticercosis working group in peru (cwg). | we compared results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) assay for the diagnosis of cysticercosis in sera and cerebrospinal fluid (csf). sera from 34 patients with confirmed cysticercosis were tested by both elisa and eitb assays. cerebrospinal fluid from some of these patients was also tested by elisa for the presence of antibody (ab-elisa) (n = 21) and antigen (ag-elisa) (n = 15). specificity in sera was examined by testing 51 s ... | 1992 | 1599056 |
| substituted methyl benzimidazole carbamate: efficacy against experimental cysticercosis. | methyl [5-([4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piprazinyl] carbonyl)-1h benzimidazole-2-yl] carbamate, a broad spectrum anthelmintic, was tested against cysticercus fasciolaris in rats and the cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana in beetles. a dose of 50 mg kg-1, given intraperitoneally (i.p.) to infected rats on 10 alternate days, was found most effective, killing all mature cysticerci. the same dose, given on each of five days, either from the fifth day prior to infection or the sixth day following infection, ful ... | 1992 | 1616395 |
| enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot test for diagnosis of human hydatid disease. | sera from 71 patients with surgically confirmed hydatid disease (which is caused by echinococcus granulosus) were studied by an enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot (eitb) assay. sera from patients either with other cestode infections or with another illness were used as controls. results of the eitb test for hydatidosis were compared with those of the double-diffusion (dd5) test and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). in the eitb assay with bovine lyophilized hydatid fluid, three ... | 1992 | 1624574 |
| antitumor, antiviral and immunopotentiating activities of pine cone extracts: potential medicinal efficacy of natural and synthetic lignin-related materials (review). | several antitumor substances that effectively inhibited the growth of ascites and solid tumor cells transplanted in mice were isolated from pine cone naoh extract by acid- and ethanol-precipitation. these antitumor substances were also potent antiviral agents against human immunodeficiency virus, herpes simplex virus and influenza virus; they induced antimicrobial activity against staphylococcal aureus, escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae and candida albicans, and ind ... | 1991 | 1648335 |
| intestinal parasitic infections in schoolchildren of abha (asir), saudi arabia. | stool specimens from 1282 children between the age of 5 and 13 years attending 10 primary schools for boys in the city of abha, southwestern saudi arabia, were examined for the presence of intestinal parasites. of these, 313, (24.4%) were found infected with one or more species of 11 intestinal protozoa and helminths. the most common pathogenic protozoa being giardia lamblia (10.9%) followed by entamoeba histolytica (4.1%). the nonpathogenic protozoan, entamoeba coli had the highest prevalence r ... | 1991 | 1671621 |
| longitudinal study of young children in kenya: intestinal parasitic infection with special reference to giardia lamblia, its prevalence, incidence and duration, and its association with diarrhoea and with other parasites. | 84 young children from a rural community, nderu, in kenya, were each followed for up to 10 months, from january to november 1987. their ages ranged from 10 to 28 months over the period of study. stools were obtained once a week, as were reports from the mothers about presence of abdominal complaints, including diarrhoea. a total of 2258 stools and 1873 reports were collected. 9 parasites were commonly encountered of which giardia lamblia was the most frequent at 44.7%. the overall estimated numb ... | 1991 | 1686143 |
| lead and immunity: ii. suppression of humoral immune response to hymenolepis nana in mice. | serum protein changes in mice treated for varying durations with lead nitrate and subsequently infected with 1000 h. nana eggs were compared with their counterpart controls, only treated and only infected groups. decreased values of beta and gamma globulins in all the experimental groups along with higher worm recoveries indicate suppression of humoral immune response by lead in association with higher worm recoveries indicate suppression of humoral immune response by lead in association with th ... | 1991 | 1715357 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnostic detection of taenia saginata copro-antigens in humans. | an immunodiagnostic sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of soluble taenia saginata antigens in stool samples (copro-antigens) of infected humans, using affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies obtained from rabbits hyperimmunized with excretory/secretory antigens derived from t. saginata maintained in vitro. investigation of operating characteristics showed very low cross-reactivity with crude antigens from helminths other than taenia, including dipy ... | 1991 | 1719664 |
| transfer of t-cell mediated immunity to hymenolepis nana from mother mice to their neonates. | administration of lymph node cells from hymenolepis nana-infected mice into lactating mothers, or directly suckling neonates successfully transferred immunity to the neonates. the capacity of lymph node cells to transfer immunity was completely abrogated by pretreatment with anti-thy-1.2 monoclonal antibody and complement. | 1992 | 1737580 |
| [the anticestodal activity of preparations made from the breadfruit]. | breadfruit tree (artocarpus tonkinensis) is used in laotian folk medicine for the treatment of taeniasis. breadfruit tree preparations impair in vitro the motility of the cestodes hymenolepis nana causing their motor excitation, contracture and death. the latter is observed when fairly high concentrations of the preparations (10(-2) = 2.10(-3)) are used. in mice experimentally invaded by h. nana it was shown that the water extraction of breadfruit tree substance is rather less effective than its ... | 1991 | 1758366 |
| [the search for new antiparasitic agents. 8. the synthesis and study of the acute toxicity, anti-alveolar hydatid and antihymenolepiasis activity of 1-alkyl-4[4-(heterylamino)phenyl]piperazines]. | the synthesis and the acute toxicity and anticestodal activity of l-alkyl-4-[-(heterylamino)phenyl]-piperazines are presented. these compounds were found to be able to suppress the growth of larvocysts of echinococcus multilocularis in cotton rats when injected intraperitoneally in a single dose of 0.25 g/kg, close to capacity of mebendazole. the tested compounds were also highly effective against the adult stage of hymenolepis nana. experimentally infected mice given an oral single dose of 0.2- ... | 1991 | 1758368 |
| the role of parasitic infection in the aetiology of phlyctenular eye disease. | stool and urine analysis of 150 cases of phlyctenular eye disease, revealed that 115 (76.67%) were positive for intestinal parasites. the most prevalent parasites were hymenolepis nana (49.56%) followed by ascaris lumbricoides (27.82%). eosinophilia (5-10%) was detected in 90 phlycten cases (60%), 80 of them (88.8%) had parasitic infection. since h. nana can produce a type of tissue hypersensitivity, phlyctenular eye disease may be partly referred to such an infection. | 1991 | 1765701 |
| studies in enteric anthelmintics: activity profile of prodrug of a bisbenzimidazole [1]. | the comparative anthelmintic activity of a possible prodrug, 2,2'-dicarbomethoxyamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl methanol (2) with its parent compound 2,2'-dicarbomethoxyamino-5,5'-dibenzimidazolyl ketone (1) and the reference drug mebendazole (3a) is reported. at a dose of 25 mg/kg, compound 2 was 100% effective against ancylostoma ceylanicum in hamsters. compound 2 also exhibited a similar order of activity against syphacia obvelata, hymenolepis nana and h. diminuta at a dose of 100 mg/kg. the drug ... | 1991 | 1776998 |
| results of testing for intestinal parasites by state diagnostic laboratories, united states, 1987. | we analyzed results of 216,275 stool specimens examined by the state diagnostic laboratories in 1987; parasites were found in 20.1%. percentages were highest for protozoans: giardia lamblia (7.2%), entamoeba coli and endolimax nana (4.2% each), blastocystis hominis (2.6%), entamoeba histolytica (0.9%), and cryptosporidium species (0.2%). identifications of giardia lamblia increased broadly from the 4.0% average found in 1979, with 40 states reporting increases and seven decreases. most states th ... | 1991 | 1779956 |
| detection of serum antibodies in human hymenolepis infection by enzyme immunoassay. | although hymenolepiasis is the commonest cestode infection of man, there are no data available on the human immune response to this parasite. thus, in order to determine if infection induces antibodies against hymenolepis nana antigens, sera from 52 infected children were initially studied on ouchterlony plates and then by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), using a crude antigenic extract prepared from scolex and neck regions of adult worms. in addition, sera from persons with cysticerco ... | 1991 | 1780998 |
| murine t cell clones specific for hymenolepis nana: generation and functional analysis in vivo and in vitro. | to examine the role of the t cell in protective immunity to hymenolepis nana, h. nana-specific clonal lymphocytes were generated from mesenteric lymph nodes of balb/c mice infected with h. nana, and some of their functions were analyzed in vitro and in vivo. following limiting dilution techniques, five clones were generated from mesenteric lymph node cell populations. all of these clones expressed the l3t4+, lyt-2.2- phenotype and proliferated in vitro in response to soluble egg antigen of h. na ... | 1991 | 1787029 |
| a possible role of crows in the spread of diarrhoeal diseases in aden. | the indian house crow (corvus splendens) has increased dramatically in number in aden. these birds pollute the environment by dropping their faecal material all over the city. they may accordingly be related to important public health problems. the present work aimed at investigating the possibility that they play a role in the spread of diarrheal diseases. one hundred and fifty crows were collected and their liver, intestine and cloaca examined bacteriologically for enterobacteriaceae and vibri ... | 1991 | 1791416 |
| efficacy of methyl 5(6)-(alpha-hydroxyphenylmethyl) benzimidazole-2-carbamate, a metabolite of mebendazole, against developing forms of experimental helminth parasites. | methyl 5(6)-(alpha-hydroxyphenylmethyl) benzimidazole-2- carbamate, a metabolite of mebendazole, was evaluated against metamorphic forms of ancylostoma ceylanicum in hamsters, nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats and cysticercoids of hymenolepis nana in grain beetles. the test compound offered better action than mebendazole except against h. nana cysticercoids where the activity of the compound and mebendazole was comparable, but was inferior to the standard cestodicidal drug, praziquantel. the ... | 1991 | 1794854 |
| [intestinal parasites in primary school students]. | five hundred thirty-one stool samples obtained from primary schools. the age range was between 7 and 13 years, 49% of the patients were females an 51% of the patients males. in our study it has been observed that the parasite incidence was 36.9% the predominant parasite was ascaris lumbricoides (12%), giardia intestinalis (9%), hymenolepis nana (7.1%) entamoeba histolytica (6%) and trichuris trichiura (2.6%) respectively, we detected six different parasites in the primary school students because ... | 1991 | 1795661 |
| anthelmintic activity of some 3-substituted phenyl-1-alkyl or phenyl propenones and propenamides. | in a search for new anthelmintic compounds, a,beta-unsaturated ketones and amides were synthetized. their anthelmintic activity was tested against two gastrointestinal worms, a nematode syphacia obvelata and a cestode hymenolepis nana. structure-activity relationships are discussed. | 1991 | 1799387 |
| [intestinal parasitosis in pre-school children from tarapoto]. | we examined stool specimens from 110 children (pre scholar) from the suburb "9 de abril" tarapoto (perú). the diagnostic techniques were: direct smear, faust floaty concentration, willis floating and graham's tape. 98 percent had intestinal parasitosis, without sexual differences. the most common parasites were: ascaris lumbricoides 68%, trichuris trichiura 44%, enterobius vermicularis 28%, hymenolepis nana 21% and strongyloides stercoralis 16%. monoparasitosis was present in 44% and biparasitos ... | 1991 | 1840844 |
| intestinal parasites in iaualapiti indians from xingu park, mato grosso, brazil. | brine flotation and gravity sedimentation coproscopical examinations were performed in stool samples from 69 of the 147 iaualapiti indians of the xingu park, mato grosso state, brazil. intestinal parasites were present in 89.9% of the population examined. high rates of prevalence were found for some parasite species: ancylostomidae, 82.6%; enterobius vermicularis, 26.1%; ascaris lumbricoides, 20.3%; and entamoeba coli, 68.1%. infection by trichuris trichiura, schistosoma mansoni, taenia spp. and ... | 1991 | 1842434 |
| [blastocystis hominis in canavese: a retrospective study of samples received for fecal parasitological examination at the ivrea- castellamonte hospital over 42 months]. | in the last ten years the interest in the controversial blastocystis hominis microorganism of the intestine has greatly increased. the authors conducted a retrospective study of feces for parasitology investigations at the ivrea-castellamonte hospital. these investigations lasted 42 months (1/1/1988-31/6/1991) and the authors focused their attention on samples with 5 or more blastocystis hominis at the microscopically examination with a 40x phase objective. during the study 2,138 samples of fece ... | 1991 | 1844921 |
| hymenolepis nana: immunity against oncosphere challenge in mice previously given viable or non-viable oncospheres of h. nana, h. diminuta, h. microstoma and taenia taeniaeformis. | when mice, previously given oral inoculation with viable oncospheres of the heterologous cestode species (hymenolepis diminuta, h. microstoma, taenia taeniaeformis) and the homologous one (h. nana), were challenged with oncospheres of h. nana 4 days after the primary inoculation, they showed strong and complete resistance to h. nana challenge, respectively. however, the resistance was not evoked in mice given either infective eggs of toxocara canis or non-viable oncospheres of all cestode specie ... | 1991 | 1869358 |
| successful treatment of taenia saginata and hymenolepis nana by single oral dose of praziquantel. | infections by adult cestodes are widely distributed in the world, and induced digestive and general disturbances. in this study, 40 patients with taenia saginata and 15 with hymenolepis nana were treated by one single oral dose of praziquantel, at the dosage of 10 mg/kg/day and 20 mg/kg/day respectively. as side effects, no biological disturbances occurred, but 6 patients complained of abdominal pain and diarrhea. the efficiency was complete. praziquantel, a wide spectrum anti-helminthic day dru ... | 1991 | 1875062 |
| evaluation of the antiparasitic effect of aqueous garlic (allium sativum) extract in hymenolepiasis nana and giardiasis. | the effect of serial dilutions of crude garlic (allium sativum) extract on adult hymenolepis nana was studied to detect the minimal lethal concentration which was found to be 1/20. a. sativum was tried in the treatment of 10 children infected with h. nana and 26 infected with g. lamblia as 5 ml crude extract in 100 ml water in 2 doses per day, or commercial preparation (0.6 mg capsules) 2 capsules twice/day for 3 days. a sativum was found to be efficient, safe and shortens the duration of treatm ... | 1991 | 1875077 |
| synthesis and biological activity of a series of diaryl-substituted alpha-cyano-beta-hydroxypropenamides, a new class of anthelmintic agents. | a series of alpha-cyano-beta-hydroxypropenamides was prepared and tested for anthelmintic activity. alpha-cyano-beta-hydroxy-n-[4- (trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propenamide (1) showed good activity against the nematode nematospirodes dubius in a mixed parasite infection in mice; several of the analogues were also effective against the cestode hymenolepis nana. in sheep trials, 1 caused 100% reduction of the hematophagous nematode haemonchus contortus after a single dose o ... | 1991 | 1956049 |
| intestinal parasitic infestation in pediatric gastroenterology outpatient clinic dr. pirngadi hospital medan. | a retrospective study had been done at the outpatient clinic sub division of pediatric gastroenterology, dr. pirngcdi hospital medan, comprising patients from 1 january 1985-31 december 1987. there were 874 patients. three hundred seventy eight (43.25%) patients consisting of 210 (55.56%) males and 168 (44.44%) females had intestinal parasitic infestations. the youngest patient was 5 months and the oldest was 14 years and 3 months. ascaris lumbricoides was found in 215 patients (24.60%) while tr ... | 1991 | 1956691 |
| papular eruption in helminth infestation--a hypersensitivity phenomenon? report of four cases. | this communication reports on generalized papular eruption in man, coinciding with infestation due to dwarf tapeworm (hymenolepis nana), pinworm (enterobius vermicularis) and whipworm (trichuris trichiura). the assumed allergic-hyperergic reaction was evident from itching, blood and tissue eosinophilia, increased serum ige and clearing up after focus of infestation therapy. pinworm and whipworm therapy was initially accompanied by jarisch-herxheimer phenomenon. | 1990 | 1981433 |
| polyamine metabolism in some helminth parasites. | polyamine levels of some helminth parasites were analyzed by reverse phase hplc of benzoyl derivatives. setaria cervi, acanthocheilonema viteae, hymenolepis nana, h. diminuta, and ascaridia galli contained higher levels of spermine than spermidine while in ancylostoma ceylanicum and nippostrongylus brasiliensis the spermidine levels were higher than spermine; putrescine was either absent or present in minor quantities. the enzymes of polyamine biosynthesis viz., ornithine decarboxylase, s-adenos ... | 1991 | 1993461 |
| hymenolepis nana: adoptive transfer of protective immunity and delayed type hypersensitivity response with mesenteric lymph node cells in mice. | a marked degree of footpad swelling was observed in balb/c mice infected with hymenolepis nana eggs, when soluble egg antigen was injected into their footpads 4 to 21 days after the egg infection, indicating delayed type hypersensitivity responses in infected mice. adoptive transfer with mesenteric lymph node cells from donor mice (balb/c strain; +/+) infected with eggs 4 days before cell collection could confer this hypersensitivity to recipient nude mice (balb/c strain; nu/nu). these mesenteri ... | 1991 | 1993462 |
| effect of treatment on serum antibody to hymenolepis nana detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed to measure serum immunoglobulin g antibodies in 65 patients infected with hymenolepis nana and 30 noninfected patients. antibody was detected in 51 of 65 (sensitivity, 79%) and 5 of 30 h. nana-negative patients (specificity, 83%). nine patients infected with h. nana were treated with praziquantel (20 to 25 mg/kg of body weight). antibody disappeared from the sera at 90 days in six patients, five of whom had eliminated h. nana. antibody p ... | 1991 | 2007652 |