| plasticity and acclimation to light in tropical moraceae of different sucessional positions. | we evaluated both the photosynthetic plasticity and acclimation to light of seedlings of five co-occurring tropical tree species in the moraceae,cecropia obtusifolia, ficus insipida, poulsenia armata, brosimum alicastrum, andpseudolmedia oxyphyllaria. distinct differences in the species' abilities to respond to increasing irradiance correlated with their known habitat breadths and successional status. the early successinalscecropia andficus exhibited the highest photosynthetic rates and conducta ... | 1991 | 28313266 |
| oxygen-dependent electron transport and protection from photoinhibition in leaves of tropical tree species. | the roles of photorespiration and the mehlerperoxidase pathway in sustaining electron transport and protection from photoinhibition were studied in outer canopy leaves of two species of tropical trees: the drought-deciduous pseudobombax septenatum (jacq.) dug. and the evergreen ficus insipida willd. ficus had a higher photosynthetic capacity than pseudobombax and also a greater capacity for light-dependent electron transport under photorespiratory conditions (in the absence of co2). as a consequ ... | 1996 | 28321669 |
| sensitivity of populations of bats (mammalia: chiroptera) in relation to human development in northern paraná, southern brazil. | most natural forests have been converted for human use, restricting biological life to small forest fragments. many animals, including some species of bats are disappearing and the list of these species grows every day. it seems that the destruction of the habitat is one of its major causes. this study aimed to analyze how this community of bats was made up in environments with different sizes and quality of habitat. data from studies conducted in the region of londrina, parana, brazil, from 198 ... | 2012 | 22990822 |
| elevated night-time temperatures increase growth in seedlings of two tropical pioneer tree species. | increased night-time temperatures, through their influence on dark respiration, have been implicated as a reason behind decreasing growth rates in tropical trees in the face of contemporary climate change. seedlings of two neo-tropical tree species (ficus insipida and ochroma pyramidale) were grown in controlled-environment chambers at a constant daytime temperature (33°c) and a range of increasing night-time temperatures (22, 25, 28, 31°c) for between 39 d and 54 d. temperature regimes were sel ... | 2013 | 23278464 |
| thermal tolerance, net co2 exchange and growth of a tropical tree species, ficus insipida, cultivated at elevated daytime and nighttime temperatures. | global warming and associated increases in the frequency and amplitude of extreme weather events, such as heat waves, may adversely affect tropical rainforest plants via significantly increased tissue temperatures. in this study, the response to two temperature regimes was assessed in seedlings of the neotropical pioneer tree species, ficus insipida. plants were cultivated in growth chambers at strongly elevated daytime temperature (39°c), combined with either close to natural (22°c) or elevated ... | 2013 | 23399405 |
| growth response and acclimation of co2 exchange characteristics to elevated temperatures in tropical tree seedlings. | predictions of how tropical forests will respond to future climate change are constrained by the paucity of data on the performance of tropical species under elevated growth temperatures. in particular, little is known about the potential of tropical species to acclimate physiologically to future increases in temperature. seedlings of 10 neo-tropical tree species from different functional groups were cultivated in controlled-environment chambers under four day/night temperature regimes between 3 ... | 2013 | 23873999 |
| ficus insipida subsp. insipida (moraceae) reveals the role of ecology in the phylogeography of widespread neotropical rain forest tree species. | to examine the phylogeography of ficus insipida subsp. insipida in order to investigate patterns of spatial genetic structure across the neotropics and within amazonia. | 2014 | 25821341 |
| spatial scales of genetic structure in free-standing and strangler figs (ficus, moraceae) inhabiting neotropical forests. | wind-borne pollinating wasps (agaonidae) can transport fig (ficus sp., moraceae) pollen over enormous distances (> 100 km). because of their extensive breeding areas, neotropical figs are expected to exhibit weak patterns of genetic structure at local and regional scales. we evaluated genetic structure at the regional to continental scale (panama, costa rica, and peru) for the free-standing fig species ficus insipida. genetic differentiation was detected only at distances > 300 km (jost´s dest = ... | 2015 | 26226482 |
| current ambient concentrations of ozone in panama modulate the leaf chemistry of the tropical tree ficus insipida. | tropospheric ozone (o3) is a major air pollutant and greenhouse gas, affecting carbon dynamics, ecological interactions, and agricultural productivity across continents and biomes. elevated [o3] has been documented in tropical evergreen forests, the epicenters of terrestrial primary productivity and plant-consumer interactions. however, the effects of o3 on vegetation have not previously been studied in these forests. in this study, we quantified ambient o3 in a region shared by forests and urba ... | 2017 | 28088026 |
| assessing the extent of "conflict of use" in multipurpose tropical forest trees: a regional view. | in the context of multiple forest management, multipurpose tree species which provide both timber and non-timber forest products (ntfp), present particular challenges as the potential of conflicting use for either product may be high. one key aspect is that the magnitude of conflict of use can be location specific, thus adding complexity to policy development. this paper focuses on the extent to which the potential for conflict of use in multipurpose tree species varies across the amazonian lowl ... | 2013 | 24061084 |
| differential effects of landscape-level environmental features on genetic structure in three codistributed tree species in central america. | landscape genetic studies use spatially explicit population genetic information to determine the physical and environmental causes of population genetic structure on regional scales. comparative studies that identify common barriers to gene flow across multiple species within a community are important to both understand the evolutionary trajectories of populations and prioritize habitat conservation. here, we use a comparative landscape genetic approach to ask whether gradients in temperature or ... | 2012 | 22988889 |
| olfaction in the fruit-eating bats artibeus lituratus and carollia perspicillata: an experimental analysis. | studies suggest that frugivorous bats search and select fruit mainly by olfaction so that they can be attracted by smell alone. the aim of this study was to evaluate, in captivity, the behavioural response (number of foraging attempts) of artibeus lituratus and carollia perspicillata offered essential oils extracted from ripe fruit of ficus insipida (moraceae) and piper hispidum (piperaceae) as well as intact fruit wrapped in gauze to attract bats with reduced visual stimuli. based on previous r ... | 2015 | 26536853 |
| efficiency of food utilization by fruit bats. | neotropical fruit bats consume figs (ficus spp.) and other fruit in small bites which they suck dry and drop as pellets. the swallowed juice transits the short digestive system in 0.5 h or less. the efficiency of this unusual mode of feeding was determined by comparing the nutritional content of pellets, feces and urine of captive artibeus jamaicensis to that of the wild figs (ficus insipida) they had been fed. the bats extracted 57% of the wet weight and 37% of the dry weight of the fruit. the ... | 1980 | 28309539 |
| renal function in the neotropical bat, artibeus jamaicensis. | 1. when feeding on figs (ficus insipida), the bat artibeus jamaicensis increases dietary sodium density while decreasing potassium density by primarily extracting and ingesting pulp juices rather than other parts of the fruit. 2. based on urine osmotic pressure, these bats are uniformly dehydrated when they leave day roosts and become rapidly rehydrated (0.5-1 hr) after initiation of feeding. 3. after 2000 hr, and throughout the night there is no difference in urine concentration of free-flying ... | 1983 | 6131764 |
| leaf carbohydrate responses to co2 enrichment at the top of a tropical forest. | the accumulation of non-structural leaf carbohydrates is one of the most consistent plant responses to elevated co2. it has been found in both fast-and slow-growing plants and is largely independent of the duration of exposure. changes in leaf quality are thus to be expected, irrespective of other plant responses to atmospheric co2 enrichment. however, there is no experimental evidence from tropical forests, the biome with the largest biomass carbon pool. here we report in situ mesophyll respons ... | 1998 | 28308524 |
| axial and radial water transport and internal water storage in tropical forest canopy trees. | heat and stable isotope tracers were used to study axial and radial water transport in relation to sapwood anatomical characteristics and internal water storage in four canopy tree species of a seasonally dry tropical forest in panama. anatomical characteristics of the wood and radial profiles of sap flow were measured at the base, upper trunk, and crown of a single individual of anacardium excelsum, ficus insipida, schefflera morototoni, and cordia alliodora during two consecutive dry seasons. ... | 2003 | 12647177 |
| aspects of dietary quality, nutrient assimilation and water balance in wild howler monkeys (alouatta palliata). | wild howler monkeys were fed natural fruit and leaf diets in order to determine their ability to assimilate minerals (ca, p, mg, si, sr, ba, fe, al, mn, b, cu, li, v), and to assess their water and electrolyte budgets by the balance method. results were extrapolated to the field situation so that the nutritional status of free-living monkeys could be examined in relation to their diet. the figs and young leaves of ficus insipida and f. yoponensis trees (the most important foods in the dry season ... | 1979 | 28309169 |
| [germination of ficus insipida (moraceae) seeds from toucan (ramphastos sulfuratus) and spider monkey (ateles geoffroyi) feces]. | to test the null hypothesis that two vertebrate fructivores, toucans (ramphastos sulfuratus) and spider monkeys (ateles geoffroyi), are equally specialized in germinating ficus insipida seeds after these have passed through their digestive tracts, we fed fruits to captive individuals. we extracted seeds from feces and placed them on filter paper in petri dishes under controled light, temperature and humidity. control seeds had not passed through a digestive tract. we found that a greater proport ... | 2006 | 18494309 |
| transpiration efficiency of a tropical pioneer tree (ficus insipida) in relation to soil fertility. | the response of whole-plant water-use efficiency, termed transpiration efficiency (te), to variation in soil fertility was assessed in a tropical pioneer tree, ficus insipida willd. measurements of stable isotope ratios (delta(13)c, delta(18)o, delta(15)n), elemental concentrations (c, n, p), plant growth, instantaneous leaf gas exchange, and whole-plant water use were used to analyse the mechanisms controlling te. plants were grown individually in 19 l pots with non-limiting soil moisture. soil ... | 2007 | 18057036 |
| measurements of biogenic hydrocarbons and carbonyl compounds emitted by trees from temperate warm atlantic rainforest, brazil. | this study is part of a three-year project on biogenic volatile organic compound (voc) emissions from trees of the temperate warm atlantic rainforest found in the metropolitan area of sao paulo city (masp). no study of voc emission rates from plant species has been carried out in the temperate warm atlantic rainforest of brazil prior to this work. eleven species were selected (alchornea sidifolia, cupania oblongifolia, cecropia pachystachia, syagrus romanzoffiana, casearia sylvestris, machaerium ... | 2005 | 15877172 |
| heat dissipation sensors of variable length for the measurement of sap flow in trees with deep sapwood. | robust thermal dissipation sensors of variable length (3 to 30 cm) were developed to overcome limitations to the measurement of radial profiles of sap flow in large-diameter tropical trees with deep sapwood. the effective measuring length of the custom-made sensors was reduced to 1 cm at the tip of a thermally nonconducting shaft, thereby minimizing the influence of nonuniform sap flux density profiles across the sapwood. sap flow was measured at different depths and circumferential positions in ... | 2002 | 11874724 |
| anthelmintic activity of the latex of ficus species. | the latex of some species of ficus (moraceae) has been traditionally used as vermifuge in central and south america. it has been accepted that anthelmintic activity is due to a proteolytic fraction called ficin. in the present study, the anthelmintic activity of the latex of ficus insipida willd. and ficus carica l. has been investigated in nih mice naturally infected with syphacia obvelata, aspiculuris tetraptera and vampirolepis nana. the latex of f. insipida, administered by intragastric rout ... | 1999 | 10363841 |
| reevaluation of risks with the use of ficus insipida latex as a traditional anthelmintic remedy in the amazon. | the anthelmintic remedy oje, prepared latex of ficus insipida, is still used by indigenous and local people in the amazonian regions. however, overdosage leading to toxic reactions occurs despite the broadcasting of a clinically accepted dosage that is effective and safe. the intoxication of a 10-year-old girl in pucallpa, who had received oje in a dose close to the recommended one, led us to study retrospectively the records of all hospitalized patients with toxic reactions to oje over a 12-yea ... | 2005 | 15814256 |
| nitrogen to phosphorus ratio of plant biomass versus soil solution in a tropical pioneer tree, ficus insipida. | it is commonly assumed that the nitrogen to phosphorus (n:p) ratio of a terrestrial plant reflects the relative availability of n and p in the soil in which the plant grows. here, this was assessed for a tropical pioneer tree, ficus insipida. seedlings were grown in sand and irrigated with nutrient solutions containing n:p ratios ranging from <1 to >100. the experimental design further allowed investigation of physiological responses to n and p availability. homeostatic control over n:p ratios w ... | 2010 | 20591897 |