| seasonal modulation of interferon response in spotted sousliks (spermophilus suslicus). | interferon production in spotted sousliks in different physiological states: in summer activity, summer torpor, winter hibernation and awaked from winter hibernation was studied. three different interferon inducers: poly ri:rc complexed with deae-dextran, lipopolysaccharide from e. coli (lps) and tilorone hydrochloride were used. in comparison with sousliks active in summer, the interferon levels in serum and different organs of sousliks in winter hibernation after induction with tilorone hydroc ... | 1994 | 8572902 |
| age-related production of spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus) interferon. | interferon production by virus stimulated spotted souslik tissue explants in vitro depends on the age of the tissue donor and on the kind of tissue. the interferon titers in foetal liver were 1/120-1/370 and foetal lungs 1/21-1/500 of these observed in autologous organs of adult sousliks after infection in vitro with newcastle disease virus, radom strain (ndv-r). after birth interferon response in vivo develops with the age. nine-day-old suckling sousliks were not able to respond with interferon ... | 1988 | 2471479 |
| the influence of hibernation on the interferon response in the spotted suslik (spermophilus suslicus). | according to the season, the environmental temperature, and their physiological state (whether active or in hibernation), spotted susliks produce different amounts of interferon (ifn) in response to intraperitoneal induction with newcastle disease virus (ndv). even though injection of ndv aroused hibernating animals, susliks treated during deep winter hibernation or artificial summer hibernation, or when aroused from winter hibernation, had significantly less ifn in their serum and organs than a ... | 1988 | 2457638 |
| characterization of antiviral activity of spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus) interferons. | the antiviral activity of three types of spotted souslik interferons so ifn alpha, so ifn beta and so ifn gamma was studied. fibroblasts of lungs (sl), kidneys (sk) of adult sousliks and skin fibroblasts of foetuses (se) were equally sensitive to three types of souslik interferons. in contrast to so ifn beta and so ifn gamma, so ifn alpha, exhibited a high (100% of activity in homologous cells) cross species antiviral activity in mouse embryo fibroblasts (mef) and a low (3% to 10% of the activit ... | 1987 | 2449874 |
| [arthropods (siphonaptera, anoplura, acari) occurring in poland on spermophilus suslicus (gueldenstaedt, 1770) (mammalia, rodentia)]. | | 1987 | 3454499 |
| [variability of cytogenetic characteristics of the spotted ground squirrel guld. 1770]. | females with abnormal karyotype have been found during studies of genetic variability in the spermophilus suslicus application of the methods of differential staining has shown that the chromosome aberration are due to deletions of heterochromatin arms. possible causes of chromosome in the s. suslicus are discussed. | 1996 | 8647426 |
| [allozyme differentiation of various chromosomal forms of the spotted suslik (spermophilus suslicus guld, 1770, rodentia)]. | eleven enzyme and four nonenzyme protein systems controlled by 25 loci were electrophoretically analyzed in the allopatric karyotypic forms (2n = 34 and 2n = 36) of the spotted souslik spermophilus suslicus. genetic variability and differentiation for the forms with different chromosome sets were estimated. two discriminative loci (alb and tf) for the studied chromosome forms were found. the upgma dendrogram was constructed, which summarizes genetic (allozyme) relationships found for the forms o ... | 1999 | 10368787 |
| morphology, topography and cytoarchitectonics of the otic ganglion in the spotted suslik (spermophilus suslicus, güldenstaedt 1770). | using the thiocholine method of koelle and friedenwald and histological techniques the otic ganglion of the spotted suslik (spermophilus suslicus, güldenstaedt 1770) from the province of zamość was studied. the ganglion was found to be a single oval cluster of neurocytes, situated at the medial and posterior surface of the mandibular nerve just above the maxillary artery. the ganglion is composed of typical ganglionic neurons in a compact arrangement and without a thick connective-tissue capsule ... | 1999 | 10427380 |
| population fragmentation and major histocompatibility complex variation in the spotted suslik, spermophilus suslicus. | the fragmentation of populations typically enhances depletion of genetic variation, but highly polymorphic major histocompatibility complex (mhc) genes are thought to be under balancing selection and therefore retain polymorphism despite population bottlenecks. in this study, we investigate mhc drb (class ii) exon 2 variation in 14 spotted suslik populations from two regions differing in their degree of habitat fragmentation and gene flow. we found 16 alleles that segregated in a sample of 248 i ... | 2008 | 19140973 |
| [dynamics of colonies of the speckled ground squirrel (spermophilus suslicus guld., 1770) on the northern boundary of the habitat]. | results of studies in 1999-2009 of the dynamics of five isolated colonies of the speckled ground squirrel (spermophilus suslicus) at the northern boundary of the habitat of this species (zaraiskii area, moscow oblast) are given. an abrupt decrease in the number of this species in colonies was established, as was a multifold decrease (up to 70-90%) in suitable habitats due to the plowing of meadows and build-up of the area. the fragmentation of the optimum habitat of ground squirrels reached a st ... | 2016 | 21077371 |
| within- and between-population polymorphism of the mtdna control region of the speckled ground squirrel (spermophilus suslicus). | | 2014 | 24795193 |
| stability of acoustic individuality in the alarm calls of wild yellow ground squirrels spermophilus fulvus and contrasting calls from trapped and free-ranging callers. | the questions of individuality and stability of cues to identity in vocal signals are of considerable importance from theoretical and conservation perspectives. while individuality in alarm calls has been reported for many sciurids, it is not well-documented that the vocal identity encoded in the alarm calls is stable between different encounters with predators. previous studies of two obligate hibernating rodents, speckled ground squirrels spermophilus suslicus, and yellow ground squirrels sper ... | 2010 | 20559613 |
| [biotope principles of sympatry and interspecies hybridization in mammals (by the example of the genus spermophilus)]. | two hybridization zones were taken as an example (the russet ground squirrel (spermophilus major) and the speckled ground squirrel (spermophilus suslicus), the russet ground squirrel and the yellow ground squirrel (s. fulvus) to show that biotope characteristics determine segregation of sympatric species in contact populations. the heterogeneity of biotopes with regard to the requirements of sympatric species promotes their long-term and steady dispersal and, in rare cases, sporadic hybridizatio ... | 2016 | 22567871 |
| natural infections with cryptosporidium in the endangered spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus). | cryptosporidium is an intestinal protozoan parasite prevalent in a wide range of mammals. although it has been recorded in many hosts, its impact on endangered species is poorly understood. here we present a preliminary study of four populations of the highly threatened spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus), living in the westernmost part of the species range. the populations inhabit fragmented habitats and suffer from loss of genetic variation. an ifa test revealed that 35.9% of sampled anima ... | 2012 | 22807009 |
| production and initial characterization of spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus) interferon. | spotted souslik (spermophilus suslicus) interferon was induced in different cell cultures with two strains: random (ndv-r) and hertfordshire (ndv-h) of newcastle disease virus. both strains were good interferon inducers in cultures of lung cells (sl), kidney cells (sk) and embryo cells (se). there were no significant differences in the amount of interferon produced in cells at different passage levels but the yield of interferon depended on the donor of cells. the highest interferon titers were ... | 1984 | 6085464 |
| morphology and topography of dormouse (muscardinus avellanarius l.) and gopher (spermophilus suslicus güld.) olivary nucleus. the comparative studies. | | 1996 | 9243943 |
| one plus one: binary alarm calls retain individual signature for longer periods than single-note alarms in the european ground squirrel (spermophilus citellus). | ground squirrels emit species-specific alarm calls that, among other characteristics, differ by the number of elements. unlike some species that produce single-element calls, e.g., the speckled ground squirrel (spermophilus suslicus), individual european ground squirrels (s. citellus) frequently emit binary-element calls in addition to single-element calls. we tested the hypothesis that the time stability of individuality encoded in alarm calls might be better retained by complicating their acou ... | 2017 | 28219730 |
| the potential to encode sex, age, and individual identity in the alarm calls of three species of marmotinae. | in addition to encoding referential information and information about the sender's motivation, mammalian alarm calls may encode information about other attributes of the sender, providing the potential for recognition among kin, mates, and neighbors. here, we examined 96 speckled ground squirrels (spermophilus suslicus), 100 yellow ground squirrels (spermophilus fulvus) and 85 yellow-bellied marmots (marmota flaviventris) to determine whether their alarm calls differed between species in their a ... | 2011 | 21221515 |