| tanapox. a serological survey of the lower tana river valley. | sera collected from the indigenous population of the tana river valley during the tana river expedition in 1976 were examined for neutralizing antibody to tanapox virus. antibody was found in 9.2% of the population in infected areas. this result and the presence of antibody in four children indicated that infection had continued to occur in the area since the 1962 outbreak. | 1979 | 226625 |
| studies on tanapox virus. | virus characterization studies were performed to meliorate the taxonomic status of three currently unclassified, serologically related viruses: tanapox virus (causes vesicular skin lesions in humans), yaba-like disease (yld) virus (causes vesicular skin lesions in monkeys), and yaba monkey tumor virus (ymtv, causes epidermal histiocytoma). these studies included (1) microscopic observations of tanapox virus cytopathic effect and morphogenesis during its 6-day cytolytic-type growth at 35 degrees ... | 1989 | 2773312 |
| comparison of tanapox virus and yaba-like viruses causing epidemic disease in monkeys. | the virus of tanapox isolated from the lesions of patients during an outbreak of mild disease in africa has been found to be indistinguishable in its biological and serological properties from a virus isolated from outbreaks of a pox virus infection in monkeys in primate centres in america. the natural hosts of this virus are believed to be african monkeys and ;tanapox virus' is proposed as a suitable designation for the virus. | 1972 | 4335340 |
| persistence of tanapox in tana river valley. | sera collected from inhabitants of the tana river valley in 1971 were examined for antibody to tanapox virus. neutralizing antibody was present in 16.3%. the levels of antibody and its presence in two children under the age of 10 years indicated that infection had been occurring in the area since the reported outbreak in 1962. a comparison of the incidence and distribution of antibodies in the same sera to west nile virus revealed marked similarities suggesting that tanapox, like west nile virus ... | 1973 | 4349335 |
| multiple anti-cytokine activities secreted from tanapox virus-infected cells. | tanapox virus (tpv) produces a mild disease in humans characterized by transient fever, one or more nodular skin lesions and regional lymphadenopathy. we demonstrate that tpv-infected cells, but not mock-infected cells, secrete an early 38 kda glycopeptide that, unlike any other known protein, binds to human (h) interferon-gamma, hil-2 and hil-5. in concomitant experiments this polypeptide failed to bind to hil-1 alpha, hil-3, hil-4, hil-6, hil-7, hil-8 or hil-10. inhibition of hil-2 and hil-5 b ... | 1994 | 7723661 |
| selective inhibition of tnf-alpha induced cell adhesion molecule gene expression by tanapox virus. | poxviruses encode virulence factors that have been identified as proteins that are secreted from infected host cells. some of these secretory proteins impede host immune defences. we have previously demonstrated that tanapox virus (tpv) infected cells secrete an early 38 kda glycopeptide that binds to human (h) interferon-gamma, hil-2, and hil-5. we now show an additional activity in the supernatant from tpv infected cells that down-regulates the expression of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-a ... | 1998 | 9705247 |
| the replication cycle of tanapox virus in owl monkey kidney cells. | the growth kinetics of tanapox virus in owl monkey kidney cells was elucidated by single-step growth curves at multiplicities of 10, 1.0, and 0.1 plaque forming units (pfu) per cell at 37 and 33 degrees c. virus replicated equally well at both temperatures and produced a cytopathic effect that was characterized by densely packed rounded cells with retrogressed monolayer and granular vacuolated cytoplasm. single-step growth curves revealed that the eclipse period varied from 24 h postinfection (h ... | 1999 | 10349725 |
| tanapox: first report in a european traveller and identification by pcr. | tanapox is a rare pox disease endemic in east africa. we report the first case of tanapox in a european traveller who contracted the disease in 1999 during a short visit to tanzania. the diagnosis was made on clinical grounds and confirmed by electron microscopy and a tanapox virus-specific pcr assay. | 2002 | 12055809 |
| a secreted high-affinity inhibitor of human tnf from tanapox virus. | a class of secreted poxvirus tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-binding proteins has been isolated from tanapox-infected cell supernatants. the inhibitor bound to a tnf-affinity column and was identified as the product of the 2l gene. sequence analysis of 2l family members from other yatapoxviruses and swinepox virus yielded no sequence homology to any known cellular gene. the expressed tanapox virus 2l protein bound to human tnf with high affinity (k(d) = 43 pm) and exhibits an unusually slow off-rate ... | 2003 | 12676996 |
| complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis of the tumorigenic poxvirus yaba monkey tumor virus. | the yatapoxvirus genus of poxviruses is comprised of yaba monkey tumor virus (ymtv), tanapox virus, and yaba-like disease virus (yldv), which all have the ability to infect primates, including humans. unlike other poxviruses, ymtv induces formation of focalized histiocytomas upon infection. to gain a greater understanding of the yatapoxvirus genus and the unique tumor formation properties of ymtv, we sequenced the 134,721-bp genome of ymtv. the genome of ymtv encodes at least 140 open reading fr ... | 2003 | 14645589 |
| tanapox virus infection. | | 2002 | 14673345 |
| real-time pcr assay for the detection of tanapox virus and yaba-like disease virus. | the yatapoxvirus genus contains three members: tanapox virus (tpv), yaba-like disease virus (yldv) and yaba monkey tumor virus (ymtv), two of which (tpv and yldv) may infect humans. however, only a very small number of patients have been diagnosed with tpv outside africa. given the increased international travel and the similarity of clinical signs during the early stages of a tpv/yldv infection as compared to diseases caused by agents of potential biological warfare, such as smallpox, monkeypox ... | 2005 | 16054706 |
| variation in ligand binding specificities of a novel class of poxvirus-encoded tumor necrosis factor-binding protein. | the yatapoxviruses encode a distinct class of secreted tnf-binding protein (tnf-bp) that resembles an mhc class i heavy chain but distinct from any other known tnf inhibitor. characterization of these viral tnf inhibitors from tanapox virus, yaba monkey tumor virus (ymtv) and a closely related version from swinepox virus revealed dramatically differential tnf binding specificities for different mammalian species. the tanapox virus 2l protein (tpv-2l) formed inhibitory complexes with human tnf, a ... | 2006 | 16782702 |
| comparative genetic analysis of genomic dna sequences of two human isolates of tanapox virus. | members of the genus yatapoxvirus, which include tanapox virus (tpv) and yaba monkey tumor virus, infect primates including humans. two strains of tpv isolated 50 years apart from patients infected from the equatorial region of africa have been sequenced. the original isolate from a human case in the tana river valley, kenya, in 1957 (tpv-kenya) and an isolate from an infected traveler in the republic of congo in 2004 (tpv-roc). although isolated 50 years apart the genomes were highly conserved. ... | 2007 | 17574698 |
| tropism of tanapox virus infection in primary human cells. | tanapox virus (tpv) belongs to the genus yatapoxvirus and causes a relatively benign zoonotic disease in man, with symptoms that resemble a mild version of human monkeypox. in order to investigate the underlying mechanisms of tpv pathogenesis, the tropism and replication characteristics of tpv were examined in a variety of primary human cells. a gfp expressing tpv (tpv-gfp) was constructed and used to infect primary human dermal fibroblasts (phdfs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), ... | 2007 | 17632198 |
| the addition of tumor necrosis factor plus beta interferon induces a novel synergistic antiviral state against poxviruses in primary human fibroblasts. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and members of the interferon (ifn) family have been shown to independently inhibit the replication of a variety of viruses. in addition, previous reports have shown that treatment with various combinations of these antiviral cytokines induces a synergistic antiviral state that can be significantly more potent than addition of any of these cytokines alone. the mechanism of this cytokine synergy and its effects on global gene expression, however, are not well character ... | 2009 | 18971273 |
| interaction of human tnf and beta2-microglobulin with tanapox virus-encoded tnf inhibitor, tpv-2l. | tanapox virus (tpv) encodes and expresses a secreted tnf-binding protein, tpv-2l or gp38, that displays inhibitory properties against tnf from diverse mammalian species, including human, monkey, canine and rabbit. tpv-2l also has sequence similarity with the mhc-class i heavy chain and interacts differently with human tnf as compared to the known cellular tnf receptors or any of the known virus-encoded tnf receptor homologs derived from many poxviruses. in order to determine the tnf binding regi ... | 2009 | 19232662 |