| fragmentation of actin by thrombin-like snake venom proteases. | the effect of thrombin-like snake venom proteases (ancrod of agkistrodon rhodostoma and batroxobins of bothrops moojeni and bothrops marajoensis) on skeletal muscle actin was studied and compared to the thrombic cleavage of this protein. only edta-pretreated g- and f-actin were split by thrombin and ancrod, while batroxobins hydrolyzed native g-actin, too. the time course of digestion was followed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. a split product of 37 500 daltons app ... | 1979 | 427215 |
| comparative enzymatic composition of brazilian coral snake (micrurus) venoms. | 1. venoms of 11 coral snake taxa, including micrurus albicinctus, m. corallinus, m. frontalis altirostris, m. f. brasiliensis, m. f. frontalis, m. fulvius fulvius, m. ibiboboca, m. lemniscatus ssp., m. randonianus, m. spixii spixii, and m. surinamensis surinamensis, were examined for 13 enzymatic activities. 2. these were compared with venoms of three outgroup taxa: naja naja kaouthia, bungarus multicinctus, and bothrops moojeni. 3. enzyme activity levels in micrurus venoms were highly variable ... | 1991 | 1662592 |
| the effect of myotoxins isolated from bothrops snake venoms on multilamellar liposomes: relationship to phospholipase a2, anticoagulant and myotoxic activities. | the effect of four myotoxins isolated from bothrops snake venoms on the release of peroxidase trapped in large multilamellar liposomes was studied and correlated to their phospholipase a2, myotoxic and anticoagulant activities. the four myotoxins affected negatively-charged liposomes in a dose-dependent way, having no effect on positively-charged liposomes. conditions that inhibited phospholipase a2 activity, i.e., substitution of calcium by edta, reduced liposome-disrupting activity of bothrops ... | 1991 | 1764457 |
| immunological studies with the venom of the scorpion tityus serrulatus. | 1. we describe a "sandwich" enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) sensitive to quantities of scorpion (tityus serrulatus) venom (tsv) in the range of 1-3 ng/ml sample. 2. cross-reactivity with the venom from the rattlesnake crotalus durissus terrificus and with venoms from several snakes of the bothrops genus was detected only at concentrations higher than 1 microgram/ml sample. 3. a conventional elisa is also described for the detection of antibodies against tsv. 4. analysis by western blot ... | 1991 | 1823231 |
| isolation of basic myotoxins from bothrops moojeni and bothrops atrox snake venoms. | three myotoxins, one from the venom of bothrops atrox and two from the venom of b. moojeni, were isolated by ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex c-25. the three toxins are basic proteins with an estimated mol. wt of about 13,500, and similar amino acid compositions. when injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of mice, the three toxins induce drastic myonecrosis of rapid onset, as judged by histological observation and quantitation of plasma creatine kinase levels. b. atrox myotoxin also h ... | 1990 | 2124735 |
| cleavage of immunoglobulins by moojeni protease a, from the venom of bothrops moojeni. | moojeni protease a, a proteolytic enzyme isolated from the venom of bothrops moojeni hydrolyzes human and rabbit iggs. the resulted fragments retained the combining though not the precipitating power or the property to fix complement. similar to papain, moojeni protease a releases directly fab fragments from igg. in contrast to papain, however, the enzyme does not require the presence of thiol compounds either for activation or for reduction of the disulphide inter-heavy chain bridges. on the co ... | 1990 | 2205952 |
| comparative enzymatic degradation of h1 subfractions from syrian hamster tissues. | an additional hydrolysis site recognized by thrombin on histone h1 molecules was found. snakes venom proteases from agkistrodon rhodostoma, bothrops marajoensis and bothrops moojeni were further used for the analysis of h1 histones. the presence of the main cleavage site on h1 histone molecules has been established. this site is localized on main n-terminal thrombin peptide. the main venom protease peptides obtained from different h1 subfractions preserve differences of electrophoretic mobility ... | 1986 | 2946112 |
| antigenic relationship of hemorrhagic factors and proteases isolated from the venoms of three species of bothrops snakes. | by comparative studies of the immunological properties of the metalloproteins (hemorrhagic factors and proteases) isolated from the venoms of bothrops jaracaca, bothrops neuwiedi and bothrops moojeni, it was found that the hemorrhagic factors contain common antigenic determinants and the proteases were immunologically distinct entities. the rabbit antisera raised for the hemorrhagic factors not only neutralized the hemorrhagic activities of the respective factors but also activities of the other ... | 1988 | 3136558 |
| [snake bites caused by bothrops moojeni: report of 37 cases]. | | 1988 | 3252439 |
| protein c activators in snake venoms. | venoms of 32 snake species were tested for protein c (pc) activating potency. as measured with the chromogenic pc substrate d-pro-l-pro-l-arg-pna, eleven venoms were able to generate amidolytic activity from purified bovine pc. in five venom solutions (bothrops moojeni, b. pradoi, cerastes cerastes, vipera lebetina and v. russellii) the pc activating potency was destroyed during 10 min heating at 70 degrees c at ph 3, whereas in six venom solutions (agkistrodon contortrix contortrix, a. c. mokas ... | 1986 | 3755037 |
| isolation of the major proteolytic enzyme from the venom of the snake bothrops moojeni (caissaca). | moojeni protease a was purified from the venom of bothrops moojeni by chromatography on sephadex g-100, deae sephadex a-50 and rechromatography on sephadex g-100. the enzyme shows one protein band in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 8.5 or at ph 4.3. the pi of moojeni protease a was approximately 7.7. in immunoelectrophoresis it migrates to the cathode. the enzyme was homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis and analyses in the ultracentrifuge. the s20,w a ... | 1985 | 3933145 |
| proteolytic specificity of moojeni protease a isolated from the venom of bothrops moojeni. | moojeni protease a, a proteolytic enzyme isolated from bothrops moojeni venom, hydrolyzes type i collagen, gelatin, fibrinogen, fibrin and the b-chain of oxidized insulin. the proteinase cleaves the a alpha-chain faster than the b beta-chain of human fibrinogen and shows no effect on the gamma-chain. fibrin solubilization appears to occur from the hydrolysis of the alpha-polymer and unpolymerized alpha-chain. the enzyme cleaves the ala(14)-leu(15) bond of the oxidized insulin b-chain most rapidl ... | 1993 | 8456446 |
| basic proteinases from bothrops moojeni (caissaca) venom--i. isolation and activity of two serine proteinases, msp 1 and msp 2, on synthetic substrates and on platelet aggregation. | two serine proteinases, msp 1 and msp 2, were isolated from bothrops moojeni venom by chromatographies on sephadex g-100, deae-sephacel (ph 7.5) and sp-sephadex c-50 (ph 7.5). both enzymes are basic glycoproteins. on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide electrophoresis, msp 1 presented two close protein bands corresponding to the mol. wts of 34,000 and 32,500. msp 2 behaved as a single-chain protein with a mol. wt of 38,000. specific esterolytic activities of msp 1 and msp 2 on alpha-n-tosyl-l- ... | 1993 | 8503135 |
| basic proteinases from bothrops moojeni (caissaca) venom--ii. isolation of the metalloproteinase mpb. comparison of the proteolytic activity on natural substrates by mpb, msp 1 and msp 2. | a basic metalloproteinase active on casein was isolated from bothrops moojeni venom by chromatography on sephadex g-100, deae-sephacel, sp-sephadex c-50 and sepharose 12. the enzyme, named mpb, is not hemorrhagic and presents only traces of blood-clotting activity. on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 4.3, mpb presented a single and diffuse protein band. on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the enzyme presented two protein bands corresponding to mol. wts of 65,000 ... | 1993 | 8503136 |
| suppression of cell-transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in defibrinated lewis rats. | the role of coagulation-fibrinolysis system in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) was studied by using batroxobin, derived from the venom of the south american pit viper bothrops atrox moojeni. batroxobin converts circulating fibrinogen into an insoluble form and causes a profound degree of afibrinogenemia. batroxobin treatment (30 bu/kg/day) suppressed clinical signs of cell transferred eae; the mean cumulative clinical score for batroxobin treated rats was 3.97, while saline treat ... | 1996 | 8982112 |
| inhibition of proteases, myotoxins and phospholipases a2 from bothrops venoms by the heteromeric protein complex of didelphis albiventris opossum serum. | the antibothropic complex (abc) from opossum (species didelphis albiventris) serum was purified by chromatography on deae-sephacel. it showed an acidic character and two polypeptide chains of ca. 45 kda and 48 kda, respectively. lyophilized opossum serum or the abc (100 micrograms), as well as ethylenediamine tetraacetate (0.25 mumoles) were able to completely neutralise the hemorrhagic effect of 50 micrograms of the desiccated venoms of bothrops moojeni, bothrops pirajai and bothrops jararacuss ... | 1997 | 9415818 |
| aeromonas hydrophila soft-tissue infection as a complication of snake bite: report of three cases. | aeromonas hydrophila soft-tissue infection has been associated with fish and reptile bites. there have bee three recent cases from brazil of abscesses complicating snake bites in which a. hydrophila was isolated from the purulent exudates. one of the snakes responsible for the bites was a specimen of bothrops moojeni, and the others were most probably also lance-headed vipers. these snakes have a local necrotizing, myotoxic, oedema-inducing venom that must have favoured the multiplication in the ... | 1998 | 9625918 |
| a rapid procedure for the isolation of the lys-49 myotoxin ii from bothrops moojeni (caissaca) venom: biochemical characterization, crystallization, myotoxic and edematogenic activity. | bothtrops moojeni snake venom was fractionated on a cm-sepharose column which was previously equilibrated with 0.05 m ammonium bicarbonate buffer at ph 8.0 and subsequently eluted with an ammonium bicarbonate concentration gradient from 0.05 to 0.5 m at constant ph (8.0) and temperature (25 degrees c). the fraction which eluted last (m-vi) showed, after direct lyophilization, a single band by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) and sds-page, indicating an approximate mr of 14000 and 27000, ... | 1998 | 9637370 |
| a study on the venom yield of venomous snake species from argentina. | a study on the venom yield of snakes from argentina over a three year period was carried out on adult specimens of bothrops alternatus (n = 74); bothrops neuwiedii (n = 127); bothrops ammodytoides (n = 30); bothrops moojeni (n = 14); bothrops jararaca (n = 14); b. jararacussu (n = 6); crotalus durissus terrificus (n = 120) and micrurus spp. (n = 6) as well as with 12 specimens of newborn c. d. terrificus kept in captivity. while for each species there was a positive correlation between venom yie ... | 1998 | 9839679 |
| [snakes from the urban area of cuiabá, mato grosso: ecological aspects and associated snakebites]. | this study presents data on snakes recorded in the urban area of cuiabá, mato grosso, brazil. sources of information included specimens captured by local residents (1986-1993) and turned over to the mato grosso regional ophiological center (normat), and data from the anti-venom information center (ciave), regarding urban snake bites (1988-1993). thirty-seven species of snakes from 25 genera and three families were recorded. diurnal and terrestrial habits predominated, as well as a diet based on ... | 1998 | 9878908 |
| purification and partial characterization of a new proteolytic enzyme from the venom of bothrops moojeni (caissaca). | a basic serine protease which is active on casein and fibrinogen was purified from bothrops moojeni venom using a single step chromatography on a cm-sepharose fast flow column. the enzyme, moo3, was not hemorrhagic and presented only a trace of blood-clotting activity. synthetic chromogenic substrates (azoacasein and azoalbumin) where not hydrolyzed by moo3. using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 4.3, moo3 showed as a single protein band. using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide elect ... | 1999 | 10410253 |
| histologic and functional renal alterations caused by bothrops moojeni snake venom in rats. | acute renal failure (arf) is the main cause of death following snake bites by bothrops species. in this study, we investigated the morphologic and functional renal disturbances caused by bothrops moojeni venom in rats. renal function was assessed based on creatinine and lithium clearances and on histologic examination of renal tissue 5 hr after the intravenous administration of 0.2 mg of venom/kg and 5 hr, 16 hr, and 48 hr after 0.4 mg of venom/ kg. a venom dose of 0.4 mg/kg produced renal tubul ... | 1999 | 10586897 |
| structural and functional characterization of myotoxin i, a lys49 phospholipase a(2) homologue from bothrops moojeni (caissaca) snake venom. | myotoxin-i (mjtx-i) was purified to homogeneity from the venom of bothrops moojeni by ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sepharose. its molecular weight, estimated by sds-page, was 13,400 (reduced) or 26, 000 (unreduced). the extinction coefficient (e(1.0 mg/ml)(1.0 cm)) of mjtx-i was 1.145 at lambda = 278 nm, ph 7.0, and its isoelectric point was 8.2 at ionic strength mu = 0.1. when lyophilized and stored at 4 degrees c, dimeric, trimeric, and pentameric forms of the protein were identified by s ... | 2000 | 10620318 |
| [toxic and enzymatic activities of the bothrops moojeni venom from argentina]. | toxic and enzymatic activity of bothrops moojeni venom from argentine. hemorrhagic, edema forming, proteolytic and indirect hemolytic activities, myonecrosis and muscle regeneration using optic microscopy induced by bothrops moojeni snake venom from argentina were studied. the described activities were present in this venom. myonecrosis was intense 60 minutes after venom injection, increasing its activity during the first 3 hours. myolytic lesions rise above coagulative ones. hemorrhage was mini ... | 1999 | 10797857 |
| occupational injuries with captive lance-headed vipers (bothrops moojeni): experience from a snake farm in brazil. | we studied occupational injuries with captive lance-headed vipers (bothrops moojeni) that occurred in a snake farm in south-eastern brazil from february 1981 to may 1999. the risk of injury, taking into account 13 cases of snake-associated injuries (12 of them snake bites) was 2.73 per 10,000 person-days of work, and 3.51 per 100,000 venom extractions. thirteen cases of injury occurred in seven workers, whereas 18 workers were never injured, suggesting that some individuals have a higher risk of ... | 2000 | 10964274 |
| bothrops moojeni venom kills leishmania spp. with hydrogen peroxide generated by its l-amino acid oxidase. | leishmaniasis is an endemic tropical disease in south america, with few therapeutic approaches. snake venoms are complex protein mixtures with biological actions that could be used as tools for drug development. here we show that bothrops moojeni crude venom presented a killing effect in vitro against leishmania spp. promastigotes, but not with amastigotes, as determined by a viability assay using the mitochondrial oxidative function. purification of active fractions from crude venom was perform ... | 2001 | 11162565 |
| impairment of the cell-to-matrix adhesion and cytotoxicity induced by bothrops moojeni snake venom in cultured renal tubular epithelia. | bothrops moojeni snake venom induces acute renal failure (arf) as a consequence of morphological and functional alterations in glomerular and tubular cells. it is still unclear whether the arf results from a direct cytotoxic effect on renal epithelia or from a renal ischemia due to systemic hemodynamic disturbances. this work investigated the in vitro effect of b. moojeni crude venom, using cultured madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) monolayers as a model. the crude venom induced a significant tim ... | 2002 | 12051996 |
| angiostatin-like molecules are generated by snake venom metalloproteinases. | angiostatin is a plasminogen-derived anti-angiogenic factor composed of its first four kringle structures. this molecule is generated by proteolytic cleavage of plasminogen by some proteolytic enzymes in vitro. since venoms of viper snakes are a rich source of both serine- and metalloproteinase, we hypothesized that angiostatin-like polypeptides could be generated during the envenomation after snake bites and play a pathophysiological role in the local tissue damage and regeneration. our results ... | 2002 | 12061789 |
| renal toxicity of bothrops moojeni snake venom and its main myotoxins. | acute renal failure is one the most common systemic complications after snakebite, however, its pathogenesis remains obscure. in this study we evaluated the renal effects of bothrops moojeni venom and its myotoxins (bmtx-i and bmtxii) in rat isolated perfused kidneys. the myotoxins were purified by ion-exchange chromatography and reverse phase hplc. the whole venom (10 microg/ml) and myotoxins (5 microg/ml) were added to the perfusion system 30 min after the beginning of each perfusion. the rena ... | 2002 | 12368112 |
| bothrops moojeni snake venom-induced renal glomeruli changes in rat. | the venom of bothrops moojeni has potent proteolytic and phospholipase a2 activities. in previous work, we showed that intravenous injection of this venom in rats decreased creatinine clearance and caused tubular dysfunction and histopathological changes with no alterations in blood pressure. the current study used scanning and transmission electron microscopy to assess the ultrastructural changes caused by b. moojeni venom (0.4 mg/kg i.v.) in rat renal glomeruli and correlated these alterations ... | 2002 | 12389951 |
| structural and functional analysis of bmjmip, a phospholipase a2 myotoxin inhibitor protein from bothrops moojeni snake plasma. | a protein, which neutralizes the enzymatic, toxic, and pharmacological activities of various basic and acidic phospholipases a(2) from the venoms of bothrops moojeni, bothrops pirajai, and bothrops jararacussu, was isolated from b. moojeni snake plasma by affinity chromatography using immobilized myotoxins on sepharose gel. biochemical characterization of this myotoxin inhibitor protein (bmjmip) showed it to be an oligomeric glycoprotein with a m(r) of 23,000-25,000 for the monomeric subunit. bm ... | 2003 | 12604331 |
| spectroscopic analysis of the stability of bothrops myotoxic phospholipases a2 to guanidine and urea denaturation. | spectrophotometric profiles representing the unfolding induced by guanidine on bothrops moojeni myotoxins-i (mjtx-i) and ii (mjtx-ii), bothrops jararacussu bothropstoxin-i (bthtx-i) and bothrops pirajai piratoxin-i (prtx-i) were obtained and compared with those obtained with bovine ribonuclease a (rnase) and trypsin. the molar (epsilon(1m)) and percent (epsilon(1%)) extinction coefficients were determined for the four myotoxins as well as for rnase and trypsin as reference parameters. these coef ... | 2003 | 12625831 |
| alkylation of myotoxic phospholipases a2 in bothrops moojeni venom: a promising approach to an enhanced antivenom production. | bothrops moojeni crude venom (mjcv) and its two major toxins, namely myotoxin i (mjtx-i) and myotoxin ii (mjtx-ii) were alkylated by p-bromophenacyl bromide (bpb). after alkylation the i.p. ld(50) (mice) of mjcv and mjtx-i/ii increased from 6.0 to 15.7mg/kg and from 8.0 to 45.0mg/kg, respectively. in addition, doses of 5x ld(50) of alkylated mjtx-i did not cause a single death in mice and no myonecrosis was detected for the alkylated toxins, although both proteins still induced edema. antibodies ... | 2004 | 14643891 |
| [severe hypofibrinegenemia after rattlesnake envenomation in france]. | a 22-year-old man, who maintains illegally numerous exotic snakes at home (suburbs of paris), was bitten by one of his bresilian rattlesnakes, the lance-headed viper bothrops moojeni, with grade iii envenomation. the fibrinogen was less than 0,5 g/l, the prothombin time was 22%, the activated partial thromboplastin time was 94 seconds. the authors discuss the biological and clinical management of this defibrination, due to defibrinogenating proteases (thrombin-like enzymes), present in bothrops ... | 2005 | 15771982 |
| antiophidian properties of the aqueous extract of mikania glomerata. | aqueous extracts, prepared from dried or fresh roots, stems or leaves of mikania glomerata, a plant found in mata atlântica in southeastern brazil, were able to efficiently neutralize different toxic, pharmacological, and enzymatic effects induced by venoms from bothrops and crotalus snakes. phospholipase a(2) activity and the edema induced by crotalus durissus terrificus venom were inhibited around 100 and approximately 40%, respectively, although this inhibition was only partial for bothrops v ... | 2005 | 16084045 |
| screening for proteolytic activities in snake venom by means of a multiplexing electrospray ionization mass spectrometry assay scheme. | a multiplexed mass spectrometry based assay scheme for the simultaneous determination of five different substrate/product pairs was developed as a tool for screening of proteolytic activities in snake venom fractions from bothrops moojeni. the assay scheme was employed in the functional characterization of eight model proteases. time-resolved reaction profiles were generated and the relative reaction progress at each time point was determined. these were used to semi-quantitatively sort the cata ... | 2005 | 16175652 |
| bothrops moojeni myotoxin-ii, a lys49-phospholipase a2 homologue: an example of function versatility of snake venom proteins. | mjtx-ii, a myotoxic phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)) homologue from bothrops moojeni venom, was functionally and structurally characterized. the mjtx-ii characterization included: (i) functional characterization (antitumoral, antimicrobial and antiparasitic effects); (ii) effects of structural modifications by 4-bromophenacyl bromide (bpb), cyanogen bromide (cnbr), acetic anhydride and 2-nitrobenzenesulphonyl fluoride (nbsf); (iii) enzymatic characterization: inhibition by low molecular weight hepari ... | 2006 | 16442348 |
| the role of indomethacin and tezosentan on renal effects induced by bothrops moojeni lys49 myotoxin i. | renal changes determined by lys49 myotoxin i (bmtx i), isolated from bothrops moojeni are well known. the scope of the present study was to investigate the possible mechanisms involved in the production of these effects by using indomethacin (10 microg/ml), a non-selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase, and tezosentan (10 microg/ml), an endothelin antagonist. by means of the method of mesenteric vascular bed, it has been observed that b. moojeni myotoxin (5 microg/ml) affects neither basal perfusi ... | 2006 | 16730045 |
| isolation and structural characterization of a new fibrin(ogen)olytic metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | a proteinase, named bmoompalpha-i, from the venom of bothrops moojeni, was purified by deae-sephacel, sephadex g-75 and heparin-agarose column chromatography. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity as judged by its migration profile in sds-page stained with coomassie blue, and showed a molecular mass of about 24.5 kda. its complete cdna was obtained by rt-pcr and the 615 bp codified for a mature protein of 205 amino acid residues. the multiple alignment of its deduced amino acid sequence and tho ... | 2008 | 18187176 |
| biological and biochemical characterization of new basic phospholipase a(2) bmtx-i isolated from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | bmtx-i, an asp49 phospholipase a(2), was purified from bothrops moojeni venom after only one chromatographic step using reverse-phase hplc on mu-bondapak c-18 column. a molecular mass of 14238.71da was determined by maldi-tof mass spectrometry. amino acid analysis showed a high content of hydrophobic and basic amino acids as well as 14 half-cysteine residues. the bmtx-i pla(2) had a sequence of 121 residues of amino acids: dlwqfnkmik kevgklpfpf ygaygcycgw ggrgekpkdg tdrccfvhdc cykkltgcpk wddrysy ... | 2008 | 18501940 |
| genetic diversity in populations of the viper bothrops moojeni hoge, 1966 in central brazil using rapd markers. | bothrops moojeni is an abundant venomous snake responsible for most of the snakebite cases in the central region of brazil and as a result of the anthropogenic habitat disturbance, such as the increase in extensive farming, the range of b. moojeni has been greatly fragmented. here, we obtained genomic dna from a total of 75 snakes belonging to four populations. genetic variability evaluated for five rapd primers was low (he = 0.20) and was not spatially structured. we found evidence of significa ... | 2008 | 18752187 |
| interspecific variation in venom composition and toxicity of brazilian snakes from bothrops genus. | the genus bothrops spp. is responsible for 90% of envenomation by snakes in brazil, and the standard treatment for snakebites is the antivenom therapy. the anti-bothropic serum produced by butantan institute is prepared by the hyperimmunization of horses with a pool of venoms from bothrops alternatus, bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacussu, bothrops moojeni and bothrops neuwiedi. in this study, the biochemical and biological characteristics of the venoms from nineteen snakes of the genus bothro ... | 2008 | 18983867 |
| bthmp: a new weakly hemorrhagic metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | in this work, a new weakly hemorrhagic metalloproteinase (bthmp) was purified from bothrops moojeni snake venom. this enzyme was homogeneous by native and sds-page. it showed a polypeptide chain of 23.5kda, pi=7.1, and n-terminal blocked. bthmp is comprised of high proteolytic activity on casein, fibrin and bovine fibrinogen, with no coagulating, esterase or phospholipase a(2) activities; it was inhibited by edta, egta and 1,10-phenanthroline and maintained its activity on ph from 7.0 to 9.0 and ... | 2009 | 19000915 |
| antigenic, microbicidal and antiparasitic properties of an l-amino acid oxidase isolated from bothrops jararaca snake venom. | venoms from the bee apis mellifera, the caterpillar lonomia achelous, the spiders lycosa sp. and phoneutria nigriventer, the scorpions tityus bahiensis and tityus serrulatus, and the snakes bothrops alternatus, bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacussu, bothrops moojeni, bothrops neuwiedi, crotalus durissus terrificus, and lachesis muta were assayed (800mug/ml) for activity against staphylococcus aureus. venoms from b. jararaca and b. jararacussu showed the highest s. aureus growth inhibition and ... | 2009 | 19101583 |
| development of a liquid chromatography-based screening methodology for proteolytic enzyme activity. | a new methodology for the detection and isolation of serine proteases in complex mixtures has been developed. it combines the characterization of crude samples by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (esi-ms/ms) in a multi-substrate assay and the differentiated sensitive detection of the responsible enzymes by means of liquid chromatography hyphenated online to biochemical detection (bcd). first, active samples are identified in the multi-substrate assay monitoring the conversion of eight subst ... | 2009 | 19349051 |
| contribution of mast cells to the oedema induced by bothrops moojeni snake venom and a pharmacological assessment of the inflammatory mediators involved. | the ability of bothrops moojeni venom (bmv) to induce oedema in mice, the involvement of principal inflammatory mediators and mast cells (mcs) were investigated. the intraplantar injection of bmv (0.3-6 microg/paw) caused a dose- and time-dependent oedema with a peak between 30 and 60 min after venom injection (0.3-1 microg/paw), disappearing within 24h. either mcs granule inhibition or depletion by cromoglycate or c48/80, respectively, markedly reduced bmv-induced oedema. mcs depletion by imati ... | 2010 | 19703484 |
| low-level laser therapy promotes vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 expression in endothelial and nonendothelial cells of mice gastrocnemius exposed to snake venom. | crotalinae snake venoms cause severe local myonecrosis and microvasculature failure at the bite site. we evaluated whether low-level laser therapy (lllt) could accelerate angiogenesis and myoregeneration in male swiss mice injected with bothrops moojeni venom through immunohistochemistry of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (vegfr-1). envenomed gastrocnemius was either unirradiated (v) or irradiated with hene (vhn, 632.8 nm) or gaas (vga, 904 nm, 10000 hz). animals sacrificed at ... | 2011 | 21166811 |
| effects of photobiostimulation on edema and hemorrhage induced by bothrops moojeni venom. | antivenom (av) treatment has been ineffective in neutralizing the severe local fast-developing tissue damage following snake-bite envenoming. we studied the effectiveness of low-level laser (lll) and light-emitting diode (led) irradiation alone or in combination with av in reducing local edema formation and hemorrhage induced by bothrops moojeni venom (bmv) in mice. edema formation was induced by injection of 1 μg per paw of bmv into the right paw and was evaluated before and at several interval ... | 2011 | 21484453 |
| isolation and expression of a hypotensive and anti-platelet acidic phospholipase a2 from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | phospholipases a(2) are important components of snake venoms, the basic isoforms have been more extensively studied than the acidic groups, maybe due to their higher toxicity. trying to better understand the role of the acidic isoforms on the envenomation process, an acidic phospholipase a(2) was purified from bothrops moojeni snake venom through two chromatographic steps (bmoopla(2)). the enzyme showed a relative molecular mass of 13,601da, pi 5.2, high phospholipase activity, bactericidal effe ... | 2013 | 22571953 |
| fluorometric assay using naphthylamide substrates for assessing novel venom peptidase activities. | in the present study we examined the feasibility of using the fluorometry of naphthylamine derivatives for revealing peptidase activities in venoms of the snakes bothrops jararaca, bothrops alternatus, bothrops atrox, bothrops moojeni, bothrops insularis, crotalus durissus terrificus and bitis arietans, of the scorpions tityus serrulatus and tityus bahiensis, and of the spiders phoneutria nigriventer and loxosceles intermedia. neutral aminopeptidase (apn) and prolyl-dipeptidyl aminopeptidase iv ... | 2002 | 12419513 |
| isolation and characterization of moojenin, an acid-active, anticoagulant metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni venom. | a fibrinogenolytic metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni venom, named moojenin, was purified by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on deae-sephacel and gel filtration on sephacryl s-300. sds-page analysis indicated that moojenin consists of a single polypeptide chain and has a molecular mass about 45 kda. sequencing of moojenin by edman degradation revealed the amino acid sequence lgpdivsppvcgnellevgeecdcgtpencqne, which showed strong identity with many other snake venom metalloprote ... | 2012 | 22975266 |
| bmoo fibmp-i: a new fibrinogenolytic metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | a new fibrinogenolytic metalloproteinase (bmoo fibmp-i) was purified from bothrops moojeni snake venom. this enzyme was isolated through a combination of three chromatographic steps (ion-exchange, molecular exclusion, and affinity chromatography). analyses by reverse phase chromatography, followed by mass spectrometry, showed the presence of enzyme isoforms with average molecular mass of 22.8 kda. the sds-page analyses showed a single chain of 27.6 kda, in the presence and absence of reducing ag ... | 2012 | 23762636 |
| in vitro comparison of enzymatic effects among brazilian bothrops spp. venoms. | in various types of snake venom, the major toxic components are proteinases and members of the phospholipase a2 family, although other enzymes also contribute to the toxicity. in this study, we evaluated the proteolytic, phospholipase, and l-amino acid oxidase activities in the venom of five bothrops species-bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacussu, bothrops moojeni, bothrops neuwiedi, and bothrops alternatus-all of which are used in the production of commercial antivenom, prepared in horses. the ... | 2013 | 23998940 |
| prospection, structural analysis and phylogenetic relationships of endogenous gamma-phospholipase a(2) inhibitors in brazilian bothrops snakes (viperidae, crotalinae). | during the last 20 years, there have been an increasing number of reports on endogenous phospholipase a(2) inhibitors (plis) in the sera of snakes. these studies have demonstrated the existence of three different structural classes of plis (alpha, beta and gamma). the gamma class members are potent inhibitors of phospholipases a(2) (pla(2)) from the venom of viperidae snakes. these enzymes, together with the mammalian pro-inflammatory pla(2), belong to the iia class of the pla(2)-superfamily. al ... | 2008 | 18620721 |
| simple affinity chromatographic procedure to purify beta-galactoside binding lectins. | affinity chromatography based on the commercial resin sepharose cl-6b was used to isolate new c1-beta-type lectins from crude preparations of snake venoms (bothrops jararaca, bothrops jararacussu, bothrops newiedi, bothrops moojeni, lachesis muta rhombeata). most of the c-type lectins could be eluted with almost 100% recovery using the competitor isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactoside (iptg) or through ca2+ sequestration with edta. the lectin yield varied considerably among the different snake species ... | 2006 | 16750943 |
| caryospora bigenetica (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) in south america: new hosts and distribution records. | the coccidian caryospora bigenetica was first described in the snake crotalus horridus (viperidae) from united states of america. this study represents the first record of the occurrence of c. bigenetica in snakes in south america. feces were sampled between november 2013 and may 2014 from 256 wild snakes maintained in scientific breeding facilities in the states of mato grosso do sul (ms; n = 214) and rio de janeiro (rj; n = 42), brazil. caryospora bigenetica was found in 14 (5.6%) snakes, all ... | 2015 | 25909262 |
| inhibition of enzymatic and pharmacological activities of some snake venoms and toxins by mandevilla velutina (apocynaceae) aqueous extract. | phospholipases a(2) (pla(2)) are multifunctional proteins which exhibit varied biological activities correlated to the structural diversities of the sub-classes. the crude aqueous extract from subterranean system of mandevilla velutina, a plant found in brazilian savanna, was assayed for its ability to inhibit biological activities of several snake venoms and isolated pla(2)s. the extract induced total inhibition of the phospholipase activity of crotalus durissus terrificus venom and only partia ... | 2003 | 14644557 |
| morphometric and phylogenetic analyses of serpentirhabdias viperidicus n. sp. (nematoda: rhabdiasidae) from the lancehead snake bothrops moojeni hoge, 1966 (reptilia: serpentes: viperidae) in brazil. | serpentirhabdias viperidicus n. sp. (nematoda: rhabdiasidae) is described from the lungs of the 'brazilian lancehead' bothrops moojeni (hoge, 1966) from the savannah in são paulo state, brazil. the new species is the eighth species of serpentirhabdias described in the neotropical region, and differs from other species mainly by a combination of characters: lips slightly notable, presence of fine striations at posterior ends, presence of two parallel lines with intercalated pores, a pore-shaped p ... | 2017 | 27346628 |
| moojenactivase, a novel pro-coagulant piiid metalloprotease isolated from bothrops moojeni snake venom, activates coagulation factors ii and x and induces tissue factor up-regulation in leukocytes. | coagulopathies following snakebite are triggered by pro-coagulant venom toxins, in which metalloproteases play a major role in envenomation-induced coagulation disorders by acting on coagulation cascade, platelet function and fibrinolysis. considering this relevance, here we describe the isolation and biochemical characterization of moojenactivase (mooa), a metalloprotease from bothrops moojeni snake venom, and investigate its involvement in hemostasis in vitro. mooa is a glycoprotein of 85,746. ... | 2016 | 26026608 |
| photobiostimulation reduces edema formation induced in mice by lys-49 phospholipases a2 isolated from bothrops moojeni venom. | the prominent local myotoxic effects induced by bothrops snake venom are due, in part, to myotoxins. this effect is not neutralized by antivenom, which is the main therapy for victims of snakebite. two basic myotoxins named mjtx-i and mjtx-ii were isolated from bothrops moojeni venom. both myotoxins have a lys-49 phospholipase a2 structure devoid of enzymatic activity, but are highly myonecrotic and edema-inducing. in this study, we analyzed the effect of a low-level laser (lll) at 685 nm, an en ... | 2014 | 25232894 |
| rapid purification of a new p-i class metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni venom with antiplatelet activity. | the present study aimed to evaluate the proteolytic and biological activities of a new metalloproteinase from b. moojeni venom. the purification of bmoomp α -ii was carried out through two chromatographic steps (ion-exchange and affinity). bmoomp α -ii is a monomeric protein with an apparent molecular mass of 22.5 kda on sds-page 14% under nonreducing conditions. the n-terminal sequence (fspryielvvvadhgmftkyksnln) revealed homology with other snake venom metalloproteinases, mainly among p-i clas ... | 2014 | 24982866 |
| p-i class metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni venom is a post-proline cleaving peptidase with kininogenase activity: insights into substrate selectivity and kinetic behavior. | snake venom metalloproteinases (svmps) belonging to p-i class are able to hydrolyze extracellular matrix proteins and coagulation factors triggering local and systemic reactions by multiple molecular mechanisms that are not fully understood. bmoompα-i, a p-i class smvp from bothrops moojeni venom, was active upon neuro- and vaso-active peptides including angiotensin i, bradykinin, neurotensin, oxytocin and substance p. interestingly, bmoompα-i showed a strong bias towards hydrolysis after prolin ... | 2014 | 24373874 |
| disarray of glomerular and tubular cell adhesion molecules in the course of experimental bothrops moojeni envenomation. | in this study, we show that administration of bothrops moojeni venom in rats induces a general disturbance in the distribution and content of the tight junctional protein zo-1, the cell-matrix receptor beta 1 integrin, the cytoskeletal proteins, vinculin and f-actin, and of the extracellular matrix component laminin in renal corpuscles and cortical nephron tubules. these findings suggest that cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesion proteins may be molecular targets in the b. moojeni-induced kidney in ... | 2014 | 24291462 |
| rapid purification of serine proteinases from bothrops alternatus and bothrops moojeni venoms. | envenomation by bothrops species results, among other symptoms, in hemostatic disturbances. these changes can be ascribed to the presence of enzymes, primarily serine proteinases some of which are structurally similar to thrombin and specifically cleave fibrinogen releasing fibrinopeptides. a rapid, three-step, chromatographic procedure was developed to routinely purify serine proteinases from the venoms of bothrops alternatus and bothrops moojeni. the serine proteinase from b. alternatus displa ... | 2013 | 24140922 |
| analgesic effect of light-emitting diode (led) therapy at wavelengths of 635 and 945 nm on bothrops moojeni venom-induced hyperalgesia. | envenoming induced by bothrops snakes is characterized by drastic local tissue damage involving hemorrhage, myonecrosis and proeminent inflammatory and hyperalgesic response. the most effective treatment is antivenom therapy, which is ineffective in neutralizing the local response. herein, it was evaluated the effectiveness of light-emitting diode (led) at wavelengths of 635 and 945 nm in reducing inflammatory hyperalgesia induced by bothrops moojeni venom (bmv) in mice, produced by an subplanta ... | 2014 | 24131406 |
| structural and functional studies with mytoxin ii from bothrops moojeni reveal remarkable similarities and differences compared to other catalytically inactive phospholipases a₂-like. | lys49-phospholipases a₂ (lys49-pla₂s) are proteins found in bothropic snake venoms (viperidae family) and belong to a class of proteins which presents a phospholipase a2 scaffold but are catalytically inactive. these proteins (also known as pla₂s-like toxins) exert a pronounced local myotoxic effect and are not neutralized by antivenom, being their study relevant in terms of medical and scientific interest. despite of the several studies reported in the literature for this class of proteins only ... | 2013 | 23810946 |
| structural and phylogenetic studies with mjtx-i reveal a multi-oligomeric toxin--a novel feature in lys49-pla2s protein class. | the mortality caused by snakebites is more damaging than many tropical diseases, such as dengue haemorrhagic fever, cholera, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis and chagas disease. for this reason, snakebite envenoming adversely affects health services of tropical and subtropical countries and is recognized as a neglected disease by the world health organization. one of the main components of snake venoms is the lys49-phospholipases a2, which is catalytically inactive but possesses other toxic and ph ... | 2013 | 23573271 |
| genotoxic effect of bothrops snake venoms and isolated toxins on human lymphocyte dna. | in the present study, micronucleus with cytokinesis blocking and comet assays were used to evaluate the genotoxic potential of bothrops jararacussu, bothrops atrox, bothrops moojeni, bothrops alternatus (rhinocerophis alternatus) and bothrops brazili snake venoms, and also of some isolated toxins (mjtx-i, bthtx-i and ii myotoxins, bjussump-ii metalloprotease, and batxlaao l-amino acid oxidase) on human lymphocytes. significant dna damages were observed, indicating genotoxic potential after expos ... | 2013 | 23333649 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of a class p-iii metalloproteinase (bmmp-iii) from the venom of bothrops moojeni. | snake-venom metalloproteinases (svmps) comprise a family of haemostatically active toxins which can cause haemorrhage, coagulopathy, inhibition of platelet aggregation and inflammatory response. these effects are attributed to the proteolytic action of svmps on extracellular matrix components, plasma proteins and cell-surface proteins. svmps are classified into four classes (p-i to p-iv) based on their domain structures. in order to understand the multiple roles played by the domains of p-iii sv ... | 2012 | 23027752 |
| structural studies of bmoompalpha-i, a non-hemorrhagic metalloproteinase from bothrops moojeni venom. | hemostatically active snake venom metalloproteinases (svmps) perturb the blood coagulation cascade at specific points and due to their potential application as thrombolytic agents, the fibrin(ogen)olytic non-hemorrhagic svmps have been employed as biochemical tools in coagulation research and diagnosis. structural studies complemented by the design of metalloproteinase inhibitors have been instrumental in understanding their stereo specificity and action mechanism. we present here, details of th ... | 2013 | 19706302 |
| a new acidic myotoxic, anti-platelet and prostaglandin i2 inductor phospholipase a2 isolated from bothrops moojeni snake venom. | phospholipase a2 (pla2, ec 3.1.1.4), a major component of snake venoms, specifically catalyzes the hydrolysis of fatty acid ester bonds at position 2 of 1,2-diacyl-sn-3-phosphoglycerides in the presence of calcium. this article reports the purification and biochemical/functional characterization of bmootx-i, a new myotoxic acidic phospholipase a2 from bothrops moojeni snake venom. the purification of the enzyme was carried out through three chromatographic steps (ion-exchange on deae-sepharose, ... | 2008 | 18929590 |
| neutralization of pharmacological and toxic activities of bothrops snake venoms by schizolobium parahyba (fabaceae) aqueous extract and its fractions. | the aqueous extract prepared from schizolobium parahyba (sp) leaves, a native plant from atlantic forest (brazil), was tested to analyse its ability to inhibit some biological and enzymatic activities induced by bothrops alternatus (baltcv) and bothrops moojeni (bmoocv) snake venoms. sp inhibited 100% of lethality, blood incoagulability, haemorrhagic and indirect haemolytic activities at a 1:10 ratio (venom/extract, w/w), as well as coagulant activity at a 1:5 ratio (venom/extract, w/w) induced ... | 2008 | 18598303 |
| molecular approaches for structural characterization of bothrops l-amino acid oxidases with antiprotozoal activity: cdna cloning, comparative sequence analysis, and molecular modeling. | two l-amino acid oxidases (laaos) were identified by random sequencing of cdna libraries from the venom glands of bothrops moojeni(bmoolaao) and bothrops jararacussu(bjussu laao). phylogenetic analysis involving other sv-laaos showed sequence identities within the range 83-87% being closely related to those from agkistrodon and trimeresurus. molecular modeling experiments indicated the fad-binding, substrate-binding, and helical domains of bmoo and bjussu laaos. the rms deviations obtained by th ... | 2007 | 17292326 |
| antibodies to a fragment of the bothrops moojenil-amino acid oxidase cross-react with snake venom components unrelated to the parent protein. | it is widely accepted that immunological cross-reactivity of snake venoms is mediated by antibodies that recognize venom components bearing either amino acid sequence homology or similar biological functions. however, here we demonstrate that polyspecific bothrops antivenom is a source of cross-reactive antibodies that interact with venom proteins of distinctive primary structures and biological functions. the homoserine lactone derivative of the undecapeptide iqrwsldkyam (ile1-hse11), excised f ... | 2005 | 16026810 |
| structural insights for fatty acid binding in a lys49-phospholipase a2: crystal structure of myotoxin ii from bothrops moojeni complexed with stearic acid. | the crystal structure of dimeric lys49-phospholipase a2 myotoxin-ii from bothrops moojeni (mjtx-ii) co-crystallized with stearic acid (c(18)h(36)o(2)) has been determined at a resolution of 1.8 a. the electron density maps permitted the unambiguous inclusion of six stearic acid molecules in the refinement. two stearic acid molecules could be located in the substrate-binding cleft of each monomer in positions, which favor the interaction of their carboxyl groups with active site residues. the way ... | 2005 | 15760708 |
| initiating structural studies of lys49-pla2 homologues complexed with an anionic detergent, a fatty acid and a natural lipid. | lys49-phospholipase a2 (lys49-pla(2) - ec 3.1.1.4) homologues damage membranes by a ca2+-independent mechanism which does not involve catalytic activity. both mjtx-ii from bothrops moojeni and bthtx-i from bothrops jararacussu are dimeric in solution and in the crystalline states, and a model for the ca2+-independent membrane damaging mechanism has been suggested in which flexibility at the dimer interface region permits quaternary structural transitions between "open" and "closed" membrane boun ... | 2003 | 14561144 |
| crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of a phospholipase a2 from the venom of the brazilian snake bothrops moojeni. | a phospholipase a(2) purified from the venom of the snake bothrops moojeni has been crystallized by vapour-diffusion techniques in hanging drops at 291 k. the crystals, which were grown in the absence of ca(2+), belong to the cubic system, space group p432, with unit-cell parameters a = b = c = 91.86 a, and contain one molecule in the asymmetric unit (v(m) = 2.71 a(3) da(-1)). x-ray diffraction experiments provide data to 2.35 a resolution collected on a rotating-anode home source at cryogenic t ... | 2001 | 11264594 |
| prey specificity, comparative lethality and compositional differences of coral snake venoms. | toxicities of crude venoms from 49 coral snake (micrurus sp.) populations, representing 15 nominal taxa, were examined in both laboratory mice and in native prey animals and compared with data gathered from two non-micrurine elapids and a crotalid, which served as outgroups. these venoms were further compared on the basis of 23 enzymatic activities. both toxicities and enzymatic activities were analyzed with respect to natural prey preferences, as determined from stomach content analyses and lit ... | 2001 | 11255115 |
| structural evidence for a fatty acid-independent myotoxic mechanism for a phospholipase a2-like toxin. | the myotoxic mechanism for pla2-like toxins has been proposed recently to be initiated by an allosteric change induced by a fatty acid binding to the protein, leading to the alignment of the membrane docking site (mdos) and membrane disrupting site (mdis). previous structural studies performed by us demonstrated that mjtx-ii, a pla2-like toxin isolated from bothrops moojeni, presents a different mode of ligand-interaction caused by natural amino acid substitutions and an insertion. herein, we pr ... | 2017 | 29287778 |
| new findings from the first transcriptome of the bothrops moojeni snake venom gland. | snakebites are a serious health problem in tropical countries. in brazil, the genus bothrops (viperidae family) causes most of the ophidic accidents, characterized by proteolysis and haemorrhage. snake venoms are rich sources of toxins with great therapeutic and biotechnological potential and omics approaches is a valuable tool for identification of new bioactive components in the venom. in this study, we described the first transcriptome of the venom gland of bothrops moojeni snake, using the n ... | 2017 | 29107670 |
| effects of photobiomodulation therapy on bothrops moojeni snake-envenomed gastrocnemius of mice using enzymatic biomarkers. | bothropic venom contains a range of biologically active substances capable of causing severe local and systemic envenoming symptomatology within its victims. the snake anti-venom is effective against systemic effects but has no neutralizing effect against the fast developing local effects. herein, mice gastrocnemius injected with bothrops moojeni venom (40 μg/kg) or saline solution were irradiated with hene (632.8 nm) and gaas (904 nm) lasers (daily energy density of 4 j/cm2; 0.03/0.21 power den ... | 2017 | 28612300 |
| disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by moojenactivase, a procoagulant snake venom metalloprotease. | snake venom toxins that activate coagulation factors are key players in the process of venom-induced coagulopathy, and account for severe clinical manifestations. the present study applies a variety of biochemical, hematological, and histopathological approaches to broadly investigate the intravascular and systemic effects of moojenactivase (mooa), the first described piiid subclass metalloprotease isolated from bothrops sp. venom that activates coagulation factors. mooa induced consumption coag ... | 2017 | 28552727 |
| presumptive pit viper envenomation in psittacines in a brazilian zoo. | snake bites represent a serious public health risk in many regions of the globe, especially in tropical areas. clinical signs and postmortem changes are well described in human and other mammalian species. however, detailed case reports about venomous snake attacks in avian species are limited. this report describes presumptive fatal envenomations in three psittacines caused by pit vipers in a brazilian zoo. in one case, a brazilian lancehead (bothrops moojeni) was captured in the aviary. in all ... | 2017 | 28920799 |
| defibrinogenating enzymes. | the venoms from 3 snakes have been shown to induce defibrinogenation: ancrod from the venom of calloselasma rhodostoma (formerly known as agkistrodon rhodostoma), batroxobin from the venom of bothrops atrox moojeni, and crotalase from the venom of crotalus adamanteus. the purified fractions of ancrod, batroxobin, and crotalase possess coagulant, proteolytic and esterolytic properties, although their primary mechanism of action is a proteolytic effect on circulating fibrinogen. ancrod cleaves onl ... | 1997 | 9360849 |
| neutralization of proteases from bothrops snake venoms by the aqueous extract from casearia sylvestris (flacourtiaceae). | aqueous extract from casearia sylvestris leaves, a typical plant from brazilian open pastures, was able to neutralize the hemorrhagic activity caused by bothrops asper, bothrops jararacussu, bothrops moojeni, bothrops neuwiedi and bothrops pirajai venoms. it also neutralized two hemorrhagic metalloproteinases from bothrops asper venom. proteolytic activity on casein induced by bothropic venoms and by isolated proteases, including bn2 metalloproteinase from b. neuwiedi venom, was also inhibited b ... | 2001 | 11600149 |
| intraerythrocytic inclusions associated with iridoviral infection in a fer de lance (bothrops moojeni) snake. | intraerythrocytic inclusions associated with infection by an iridovirus were observed in a fer de lance (bothrops moojeni) snake that was being evaluated for the presence of renal carcinoma. the erythrocytes contained two types of inclusions, one viral and one crystalline, usually concomitantly. the snake was markedly anemic and exhibited a marked regenerative response. ultrastructural analysis identified the virus to be an iridovirus consistent with snake erythrocyte virus and the crystalline s ... | 1997 | 9163882 |
| purification and characterization of a coagulant enzyme, okinaxobin ii, from trimeresurus okinavensis (himehabu snake) venom which release fibrinopeptides a and b. | a coagulant enzyme, okinaxobin i, which was purified from trimeresurus okinavenis (himehabu snake) venom, released specifically fibrinopeptide b from fibrinogen to form fibrin clots. in the present study, its isozyme denoted as okinaxobin ii has been purified to homogeneity from the same venom by chromatographies on sephadex g-100, cm-toyopearl 650m, and fplc mono-q columns. differently from okinaxobin i, okinaxobin ii specifically cleaved fibrinopeptides a and b from fibrinogen similarly as fou ... | 1994 | 7725319 |
| novel structure of the n-acetylgalactosamine containing n-glycosidic carbohydrate chain of batroxobin, a thrombin-like snake venom enzyme. | the structure of the asn-linked carbohydrate chain of batroxobin, a thrombin-like enzyme from bothrops atrox moojeni snake venom, has been determined. the sugar chain was isolated from batroxobin by hydrazinolysis followed by pyridylamination (pa). the pa-oligosaccharide chain was purified by hplc on an anion exchange or reverse phase columns, and its structure was examined by sequential exoglycosidase digestion, 600 mhz 1h nmr spectroscopy and methylation analysis. the results indicate that the ... | 1992 | 1429511 |
| inhibition of batroxobin, a serine proteinase from bothrops snake venom, by derivatives of benzamidine. | benzamidine derivatives which are competitive inhibitors of trypsin-like serine proteinases also inhibited the enzymatic activity of batroxobin, a thrombin-like snake venom proteinase. structure-activity relationships showed that primary amides of 4-amidinophenyl-alpha-aminobutyric acid have pronounced, relatively selective antibatroxobin activity. identical effects were found on batroxobin isolated from the venoms of bothrops atrox or bothrops moojeni. esters containing a benzamidine moiety acy ... | 1986 | 3529503 |
| neutralization of myotoxic activity of bothrops venoms by antisera to purified myotoxins and to crude venoms. | a phospholipase myotoxin (moo-1) and a non-phospholipase myotoxin (jsu-5) were studied for their antigenic cross-reactivity and neutralization by different antisera. antisera against jsu-5 and moo-1 reacted equally with both myotoxins in elisa assays. the specificity of these antisera was also similar, recognizing the same 14,000-18,000 mol. wt components in the venoms of bothrops jararacussu, bothrops moojeni, bothrops neuwiedi and bothrops pradoi. using creatine kinase assays, jsu-5 myotoxicit ... | 1991 | 1801324 |
| [neutralizing capacity of ++antiophidic sera against the venom of bothrops moojeni (lance-headed viper)]. | in the production of current therapeutic antisera used in argentina for bothrops snakebite, the bothrops moojeni venom is not used as immunogen, since this snake is not considered a serious public health problem. accidents caused by this species have not been reported in this country even though bothrops moojeni is not unfrequent in some regions of misiones. despite the high degree of immunological cross reactivity found among the crotalinae venoms and, in this particular case, among the venoms ... | 1997 | 9674187 |
| carbohydrate structure analysis of batroxobin, a thrombin-like serine protease from bothrops moojeni venom. | the carbohydrate side chains of batroxobin were liberated from tryptic glycopeptides by treatment with peptide-n4-(n-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase f, pyridylaminated and separated by two-dimensional hplc. neutral oligosaccharide derivatives obtained after desialylation were characterized by methylation analysis, liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry, digestion with exoglycosidases and endoglycosidases and, in part, by acetolysis, whereas sialic acid constituents were identified by ... | 1995 | 7737180 |
| hydrolytic specificity of three basic proteinases isolated from the venom of bothrops moojeni for the b-chain of oxidized insulin. | the hydrolytic activity of three basic proteinases isolated from bothrops moojeni venom was determined on the b-chain of oxidized insulin. the serine proteinases msp1 and msp2 cleave the insulin b-chain at identical positions and in the same order of bond cleavage. cleavage occurs first at the arg-gly(22-23) position, followed by hydrolysis of the lys-ala(29-30) peptide bond. the metalloproteinase mpb differs from the serine proteinases in cleaving the insulin b-chain very rapidly at four positi ... | 1993 | 8310448 |
| lance-headed viper (bothrops moojeni) bite wounding the eye. | a 5-year-old girl was bitten in her left eye by a lance-headed viper identified as bothrops moojeni, measuring 115 cm of length. there was severe facial swelling and left exophthalmus, and enucleation of the eye was necessary. the patient apparently had mild systemic envenoming, but local inflammatory signs and histological evidence of necrosis suggest that both the mechanical trauma and the local action of the venom had a role in the genesis of the eye lesion. it is arguable if the loss of the ... | 2004 | 8115801 |
| fatal extradural haematoma after snake bite (bothrops moojeni). | | 2004 | 1755073 |
| comparative chromatography of brazilian coral snake (micrurus) venoms. | 1. elution profiles of 11 coral snake venoms, including those of micrurus albicinctus, m. corallinus, m. frontalis altirostris, m. f. brasiliensis, m. f. frontalis, m. fulvius fulvius, m. ibiboboca, m. lemniscatus ssp., m. rondonianus, m. spixii spixii and m. surinamensis surinamensis, were compared using high performance gel filtration and reverse phase media. 2. micrurus venom profiles were compared with those of "outgroup" taxa bothrops moojeni, naja naja kaouthia and bungarus multicinctus. 3 ... | 1991 | 1756614 |
| [snake bites by bothrops moojeni: correlation of the clinical picture with the snake size]. | during a period of 19 months (march 1986-september 1987), 22 cases of snake bites caused by bothrops moojeni in são josé do rio preto, são paulo (south-east brazil) were studied. the animals have their length measured and two groups were constituted: group i - 9 cases with length between 30 and 53 cm and group ii - 13 cases with length between 80 and 147 cm. our results revealed: 1. the local effects--pain and swelling--were frequently mild in group i; 2 - non-clotting blood (bed-side test) occu ... | 2006 | 2602805 |
| on the significance of animal experiments in toxinology. | in increasing areas of the world, there is considerable controversy over the use of animals in scientific research. ethical, scientific and economic reasons require a reduction in animal experiments as well as animal numbers, a refinement of existing methods and, wherever possible, a replacement of in vivo methods by in vitro test systems. by scoping on papers published in toxicon between 1980 and 1986, the current situation of animal experimentation in toxinology is evaluated. fundamental resea ... | 1989 | 2652379 |
| [reproduction of bothrops moojeni hoge in captivity]. | it is stated that there are sufficient different morphological characteristics in order to distinguish the sexes with a certain practice, but that each of these characteristics by itself does not alone represent a completely valid criterium. these observations have shown in the periods of reproduction a chifting of six months after six years of captivity. then the various phases of sexual behaviour are related: the male-fight, the courtship, the conquest of the partner by sexual display and fina ... | 1975 | 1239182 |
| comparative study of anticoagulant and procoagulant properties of 28 snake venoms from families elapidae, viperidae, and purified russell's viper venom-factor x activator (rvv-x). | snake venoms consist of numerous molecules with diverse biological functions used for capturing prey. each component of venom has a specific target, and alters the biological function of its target. once these molecules are identified, characterized, and cloned; they could have medical applications. the activated clotting time (act) and clot rate were used for screening procoagulant and anticoagulant properties of 28 snake venoms. crude venoms from daboia russellii siamensis, bothrops asper, bot ... | 2010 | 20677373 |