| cryptic speciation and paraphyly in the cosmopolitan bryozoan electra pilosa--impact of the tethys closing on species evolution. | cosmopolitan nature of the marine bryozoan electra pilosa was studied to clarify geographic structure and to outline evolution and phylogeography of the species. several local populations from the northeast atlantic (north sea and baltic sea), arctic (barents sea and white sea) and indo-west pacific (new zealand) were compared. in addition, we examined the closely related species e. posidoniae from the mediterranean sea. phylogenetic analysis based on both 16s and 18s rdna indicate that the indo ... | 2007 | 17920936 |
| growth and refuge location in continuous, modular organisms: experimental and computer simulation studies. | guilds of crustose bryozoans exhibited a range of growth outlines, varying from circular to elongate, and the stones on which they grew contained a range of refuge types, varying in size from a few mm(2) to a few hundred cm(2). these refuges, if encountered by the growing colonies of competitively subordinate species such as electra pilosa l., enabled the latter to avoid competitive exclusion due to overgrowth mortality. computer simulations suggested that, although modular organisms which are e ... | 1987 | 28312895 |
| seasonal variation in the effects of hard substratum biofilming on settlement of marine invertebrate larvae. | the effect of season on "biofilming";, as a cue for the settlement of marine invertebrate larvae, was investigated in a long-term field study during the years 1992-1994. the series of settlement experiments was conducted in a tidal rapid on the west coast of scotland, and involved manipulations of artificial panels. biofilming of substrata, whilst excluding larval settlement, was achieved by the enclosure of panels within tight-fitting (but removable) mesh screens so that the number of settlers ... | 1996 | 22115184 |
| toxicity of chromated copper arsenate (cca)-treated wood to non-target marine fouling communities in langstone harbour, portsmouth, uk. | the effect of the anti-marine-borer timber preservative chromated copper arsenate (cca) (a pressure impregnated solution of copper, chromium and arsenic compounds) on non-target marine fouling animals was investigated during a subtidal exposure trial. panels of scots pine treated to target retentions of 12, 24 and 48 kg cca per m-3 of wood, plus untreated controls were submerged at a coastal site on the south coast of the uk for 6, 12 and 18 months. after each exposure period the fouling communi ... | 2001 | 11381752 |
| differential responses of calcifying and non-calcifying epibionts of a brown macroalga to present-day and future upwelling pco2. | seaweeds are key species of the baltic sea benthic ecosystems. they are the substratum of numerous fouling epibionts like bryozoans and tubeworms. several of these epibionts bear calcified structures and could be impacted by the high pco2 events of the late summer upwellings in the baltic nearshores. those events are expected to increase in strength and duration with global change and ocean acidification. if calcifying epibionts are impacted by transient acidification as driven by upwelling even ... | 2013 | 23894659 |
| [occupational eczema with photosensitivity caused by contact with bryozoa]. | contact eczema to bryozoa is a very invalidating fishermen's disease. described in the north sea ("dogger bank itch") and in the eastern channel, it begins with the hands which have touched bryozoa, these being microscopic "moss-like animals", unrelated to algae, which form coralliform, encrusting and filamentous colonies attached to the sea-floor. sensitization results from handling nets (drag-nets and trammels) or, less frequently, fish trays. bryozoa responsible for the disease are alcyonidum ... | 1987 | 2955735 |
| colonial nervous control of lophophore retraction in cheilostome bryozoa. | nervous impulses causing lophophore retraction over large areas of membranipora membranacea and electra pilosa were recorded with external electrodes. the response propagates at about 100 centimeters per second, presumably through the colonial nerve plexus of hiller and lutaud. impulses are rapid up to 200 per second. a second impulse was recorded from individual zooids, probably generated by the polypide's nervous system. the retractor muscle shortens at more than 20 times its own length per se ... | 1975 | 1135628 |
| [the innervation of the lophophore in a chilostome. electra pilosa (l.)]. | | 1973 | 4353961 |