| bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in ruminants in georgia: survey by serotest and virologic isolation. | the frequencies of precipitating antibodies to bluetongue virus (btv) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) in domestic ruminants and white-tailed deer (wtd) in georgia were 36% and 32%, respectively (n = 2,200). the frequencies of seropositivity to btv and ehdv were high among cattle (47% and 42%, respectively [n = 1,068]) and less so in wtd (36% and 34% [n = 414]). the frequencies among sheep were 34% for btv and 29% for ehdv (n = 286), whereas among goats, seropositivity was 8% for b ... | 1985 | 2998240 |
| parelaphostrongylus andersoni (nematoda: protostrongylidae) and p. odocoilei in two cervid definitive hosts. | infectivity (as percentage of initial dose), location, orientation, and productivity (as maximum weekly larval output) of adult parelaphostrongylus andersoni prestwood, 1972 and p. odocoilei (hobmaier and hobmaier, 1934) were compared in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) (wtd) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) (md). fourteen wtd and 10 md were exposed to third-stage larvae of p. andersoni or p. odocoilei. infectivity was 20% and 31%, respectively, in 7 wtd and 4 md exposed to p. ander ... | 1984 | 6502355 |
| ultrastructural effects of diclazuril against toxoplasma gondii and investigation of a diclazuril-resistant mutant. | diclazuril is an anticoccidial that inhibits tachyzoite production of the rh strain of toxoplasma gondii by > 97% at a concentration of 0.005 micrograms/ml. the effects of 1.0 microgram/ml diclazuril on the development of 3 strains (rh and 2 tissue cyst formers, gt-1, and wtd-3) of t. gondii in vitro was examined using transmission electron microscopy. the effects of diclazuril were not noted until 2 days after treatment. treatment with diclazuril interfered with endodyogeny and resulted in the ... | 1995 | 7776135 |
| ehrlichia-like 16s rdna sequence from wild white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | the reservoir hosts of ehrlichia chaffeensis, etiologic agent of human ehrlichiosis are unknown. initially, white-tailed deer (wtd) were serologically implicated as possible reservoirs of e. chaffeensis. subsequent studies showed that wtd were susceptible to infection with e. chaffeensis and that deer-to-deer transmission by a tick vector, amblyomma americanum, is possible under experimental conditions. to determine if wild wtd were infected with e. chaffeensis, whole blood was collected from 10 ... | 1996 | 8627501 |
| cell-mediated immune response and il-2 production in white-tailed deer experimentally infected with hemorrhagic disease viruses. | hemorrhagic disease, caused by various serotypes of two closely related orbivirus serogroups, the epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (ehdv) and the bluetongue viruses (btv), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in white-tailed deer (wtd) in the united states. despite the importance of hemorrhagic disease in wtd, little is known about host defense mechanisms triggered by infection with either causative virus or how that immune response is modulated by challenge with closely related orbi ... | 1997 | 9223232 |
| serological diagnosis of parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection in white-tailed deer and identification of a potentially unique parasite antigen. | serological diagnosis of parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection should offer many advantages over the currently used method of fecal analysis that relies on a patent infection. toward this end, we investigated the presence of p. tenuis-specific antibodies in experimentally infected white-tailed deer (wtd) and of unique p. tenuis antigens that may be exploited for serodiagnosis. wtd infected with 6, 20 or 100-150 p. tenuis third-stage larvae (l3) had anti-parasite antibodies from as early as 21 day ... | 1999 | 10207376 |
| susceptibility of red and gray foxes to infection by ehrlichia chaffeensis. | red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) were evaluated for their susceptibility to experimental infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. two red foxes and three gray foxes were inoculated intravenously with e. chaffeensis (15b-wtd-ga strain) and were monitored at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days post inoculation (dpi) for evidence of infection using an indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) assay, light microscopy, polymerase ... | 1999 | 10574528 |
| streptozotocin-induced diabetes in human apolipoprotein b transgenic mice. effects on lipoproteins and atherosclerosis. | the effects of diabetes and lipoprotein lipase (lpl) on plasma lipids were studied in mice expressing human apolipoprotein b (hubtg). our overall objective was to produce a diabetic mouse model in which the sole effects of blood glucose elevation on atherosclerosis could be assessed. mice were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, which led to a 2- to 2. 5-fold increase in plasma glucose. lipids were assessed in mice on chow and on an atherogenic western type diet (wtd), ... | 1999 | 10588944 |
| persistent ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in white-tailed deer. | four white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) were inoculated intravenously with a deer-origin isolate (15b-wtd-ga) of ehrlichia chaffeensis. the course of infection was monitored using indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa), polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and culture over a 9 m period. all deer became rickettsemic within 24 days post inoculation (dpi), and all developed antibody titers >1:64 to e. chaffeensis by 17 dpi. titers in all deer fell below 1:64 during 87 to 143 dpi. one deer exhibite ... | 2001 | 11504227 |
| drought-induced amplification of saint louis encephalitis virus, florida. | we used a dynamic hydrology model to simulate water table depth (wtd) and quantify the relationship between saint louis encephalitis virus (slev) transmission and hydrologic conditions in indian river county, florida, from 1986 through 1991, a period with an slev epidemic. virus transmission followed periods of modeled drought (specifically low wtds 12 to 17 weeks before virus transmission, followed by a rising of the water table 1 to 2 weeks before virus transmission). further evidence from col ... | 2002 | 12023912 |
| replication of bluetongue virus and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus in pulmonary artery endothelial cells obtained from cattle, sheep, and deer. | to compare replication of bluetongue virus (btv) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (ecs) obtained from juvenile cattle, sheep, white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus), and black-tailed deer (btd; o hemionus columbianus). | 2003 | 12856770 |
| isolation of an anaplasma sp. organism from white-tailed deer by tick cell culture. | we used tick cell culture to isolate a bacterium previously referred to as the "white-tailed deer (wtd) agent" from two captive fawns inoculated with blood from wild wtd (odocoileus virginianus). buffy coat cells were added to ise6 tick cell cultures and incubated at 34 degrees c, and 8 days later, anaplasma-like inclusions were demonstrated in giemsa-stained culture samples. the microbes became established and could be continuously passaged in tick cells. the identity of a culture isolate desig ... | 2003 | 12958265 |
| evaluation of excretory-secretory products and somatic worm antigens for the serodiagnosis of experimental parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection in white-tailed deer. | three different antigen preparations of parelaphostrongylus tenuis were assessed for their effectiveness in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to diagnose experimental infection of white-tailed deer (wtd). the antigen preparations were the excretory-secretory products of third-stage larvae (es-l3), somatic antigens of third-stage larvae (sl3), and somatic antigens of the adult stage (sa) of p. tenuis. the relative sensitivities of the antigen preparations in indirect elisa wer ... | 1999 | 12968733 |
| evidence of three new members of malignant catarrhal fever virus group in muskox (ovibos moschatus), nubian ibex (capra nubiana), and gemsbok (oryx gazella). | six members of the malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) virus group of ruminant rhadinoviruses have been identified to date. four of these viruses are clearly associated with clinical disease: alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (alhv-1) carried by wildebeest (connochaetes spp.); ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2), ubiquitous in domestic sheep; caprine herpesvirus 2 (cphv-2), endemic in domestic goats; and the virus of unknown origin found causing classic mcf in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus; mcfv-wtd). ... | 2003 | 14733283 |
| evaluation of a prototype ehrlichia chaffeensis surveillance system using white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) as natural sentinels. | the natural history of ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, includes the lone star tick (lst, amblyomma americanum) as a vector and white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus) as both a natural reservoir of e. chaffeensis and a major host of lst. the goal of the current study was to implement and evaluate a prototype surveillance system to delineate the geographic distribution of e. chaffeensis using wtd as natural sentinels. to accomplish this goa ... | 2003 | 14733672 |
| characteristics of the monocistronic genome of extra small virus, a virus-like particle associated with macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus: possible candidate for a new species of satellite virus. | white tail disease (wtd) causes a high mortality rate in the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. the pathogenic agent is a small virus, 25 nm in diameter, macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv), associated with extra small virus (xsv), a virus-like particle,15 nm in diameter. sequencing of the xsv genome showed that it consists of a linear single-stranded rna of 796 nucleotides, encoding a single structural protein, the capsid cp-17. the genome is in sense orientation, ended by a sho ... | 2004 | 14993649 |
| scots pine needle surfaces on radial transects across the north boreal area of finnish lapland and the kola peninsula of russia. | to gain an understanding of the characteristics of the needle surfaces of naturally regenerated scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) and their geographical distribution, eight physicochemical variables were investigated within the north boreal forest area. the visibly undamaged needles were collected in autumn 1990 from 114 plots (3-5 pines per plot) along radial transects from the monchegorsk and nikel smelters, emitting so2 and heavy metals, on the kola peninsula, russia, to finnish lapland. the n ... | 1996 | 15091357 |
| distribution of meningeal worm (parelaphostrongylus tenuis) in south dakota. | heads of hunter-harvested deer (odocoileus sp.) and elk (cervus elaphus) were collected from meat processing plants throughout south dakota (usa) from 1997 through 1999 to determine distribution of meningeal worm (parelaphostrongylus tenuis) in eastern and western south dakota. a total of 2,848 white-tailed deer (wtd) were examined for p. tenuis, of which 578 (20.3%) were infected with the parasite. of 578 deer infected, 570 (98.6%) were harvested east of the missouri river. our results indicate ... | 2004 | 15137501 |
| involvement of the nitric oxide system in the anti-atherosclerotic potential of lacidipine in the apoe-deficient mouse: a morphological, functional, and electrochemical study. | the present study investigated the anti-atherosclerotic activity of lacidipine, a calcium antagonist with antioxidant properties in apoe-deficient mice. these mice show widespread vascular lesions which closely resemble the inflammatory-fibrous plaques seen in humans in atherosclerosis. mice were fed a western-type diet (wtd), and treated for 8 weeks with either vehicle or lacidipine at 3 or 10 mg/kg/day. in parallel with histological studies of atherosclerotic lesions in the aorta, functional s ... | 2004 | 15223775 |
| attempted experimental infection of domestic goats with ehrlichia chaffeensis. | although white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus ) are considered the primary natural reservoir host for ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, the potential role of other vertebrates as reservoir hosts has not been fully explored. because domestic goats are naturally infected in areas where e. chaffeensis is endemic in deer, we evaluated the susceptibility of domestic goats to experimental infection with e. chaffeensis. a total of 12 goats were i ... | 2004 | 15228813 |
| hyperinflation during lung preservation and increased reperfusion injury. | reperfusion injury after lung transplantation remains a perplexing and unpredictable problem. most surgeons preserve the lung inflated, but the amount of inflation that should be used is not well documented. therefore, we studied the effect of high inflation during organ preservation on lung function during reperfusion. our hypothesis is that donor lung hyperinflation during storage contributes to early allograft dysfunction during reperfusion. | 2005 | 15652961 |
| experimental transmission and tissue tropism of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus (xsv). | white tail disease (wtd) was found to be a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india. the causative organisms have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus (xsv). experimentally transmitted to healthy animals, they caused 100% mortality in post-larvae but failed to cause mortality in adult prawns. the rt-pcr assay revealed the presence of both viruses in moribund post-larvae and in gill tissue, head muscle ... | 2004 | 15672874 |
| primary and secondary infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) are the principal reservoir host for ehrlichia chaffeensis, causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis (hme). because white-tailed deer maintain a long-term infection with e. chaffeensis and because deer can be naturally exposed to multiple strains of e. chaffeensis, we evaluated the response to secondary infection of e. chaffeensis in deer. for primary infection, six white-tailed deer were injected with 5.4 x 10(6) dh82 cells infected with the ark ... | 2005 | 15815149 |
| a cross-sectional study of reproductive indices and fawn mortality in farmed white-tailed deer. | data were obtained from a questionnaire administered to a random sample of canadian and united states white-tailed deer (wtd) farmers. reproductive indices and survival of fawns from birth until 1 y of age were examined. major factors in limiting herd increase were a low reproductive rate (88 fawns per 100 does exposed to bucks) and a 30% mortality of fawns from birth until 1 y of age. the latter figure differs from reported mortality rates in fallow deer and red deer/wapiti. the unacceptably hi ... | 2005 | 16018560 |
| experimental infection of white-tailed deer with anaplasma phagocytophilum, etiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis. | serologic and molecular evidence of anaplasma phagocytophilum has been demonstrated in white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus), and deer are an important host for the tick vector ixodes scapularis. in this study, we describe experimental infection of wtd with a. phagocytophilum. we inoculated four wtd with a human isolate of a. phagocytophilum propagated in tick cells. two additional deer served as negative controls. all inoculated deer developed antibodies (titers, > or =64) to a. phago ... | 2005 | 16081884 |
| e1a genes of adenovirus type 2 and type 5 are expressed at different levels. | adenoviruses are an extensively studied system for modeling oncogenesis and for experimental cancer therapy. the most commonly analyzed virus types are 2 and 5, and little distinction has been made between them in past studies. adenoviruses used for therapeutic purposes are frequently hybrids between these types, including the prototype dl1520/onyx015. we tested the replication of the wild-type viruses wtd (a hybrid of the type 2 e1 region and type 5) and dl309 (type 5) in comparison with the mu ... | 2006 | 16421637 |
| white tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii in thailand. | white tail disease (wtd) of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii has recently been the cause of high mortalities in thai prawn farms. the causative agents of this disease in other countries are m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv), which are usually detected using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) protocols. using rt-pcr, most thai post-larvae (pl) samples showing gross signs of wtd tested positive for mrnv but only a few were positive for ... | 2006 | 16724570 |
| correlation of cytokine gene expression with pathology in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) infected with mycobacterium bovis. | mycobacterium bovis-infected white-tailed deer (wtd) in northeast michigan are a reservoir of mycobacteria that pose a threat to both domestic animals and humans. relatively little work has been done to characterize the immune response of wtd to m. bovis infection; however, an understanding of the immune response to infection and pathogenesis may be critical to the development of an effective vaccine. immunological responses to infection were characterized by monitoring cytokine gene expression ... | 2006 | 16760321 |
| evaluation of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) as natural sentinels for anaplasma phagocytophilum. | anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis, can infect white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus), and this species is a crucial host for adult ixodes scapularis, the primary vector of a. phagocytophilum. the goal of this study was to determine the geographic distribution of a. phagocytophilum among wtd across a 19 state region and to evaluate the utility of wtd as natural sentinels. serologic testing using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) ... | 2006 | 16796517 |
| quantitative relationship of two viruses (mrnv and xsv) in white-tail disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) were purified from diseased freshwater prawns m. rosenbergii and used to infect healthy post-larvae (pl) by an immersion method. three groups of prawns were challenged with various combined doses of mrnv and xsv. signs of white-tail disease (wtd) were observed in groups 1 and 2, which had been challenged with combinations containing relatively high proportions of mrnv and low proportions of xsv. by contrast there was little s ... | 2006 | 16921996 |
| serosurveillance for anaplasma phagocytophilum antibodies in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in iowa, usa. | cases of human granulocytic anaplasmosis have increased in number and are being identified in new geographic areas since its discovery in 1994. white-tailed deer (wtd) become infected with the causative agent, anaplasma phagocytophilum, and serve as natural sentinels for this organism. in order to determine if a. phagocytophilum is present in the state of iowa, sera collected from 628 wtd in 2004 from 13 sites and from 282 wtd in 1999 from a single, common site were tested by enzyme-linked immun ... | 2006 | 16989567 |
| experimental vertical transmission of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) from brooders to progeny in macrobrachium rosenbergii and artemia. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india. experiments were carried out to determine the possibility of vertical transmission of m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) in m. rosenbergii and artemia. prawn broodstock inoculated with mrnv and xsv by oral or immersion challenge survived without any clinical signs of wtd. the brooders spawned 5-7 days after inoculation and the eggs hatched. the survival ra ... | 2007 | 17241402 |
| rt-pcr amplification and sequence analysis of extra small virus associated with white tail disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) cultured in taiwan. | post-larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with white tail disease (wtd) have been reported in taiwan. the causative agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv). the present study is the first report confirming the presence of xsv virus in m. rosenbergii displaying wtd symptoms in taiwan by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). a 772 bp amplified product was obtained by rt-pcr, cloned and sequenced. the nucleot ... | 2007 | 17352787 |
| modeling human activity in the spirit of barabasi's queueing systems. | barabasi has shown that the priority-based scheduling rules in single-stage queuing systems (qs) generate fat tail behavior for the task waiting time distributions (wtd). these fat tails are induced by the waiting times of very low priority tasks that stay unserved almost forever as the task priority indices are "frozen in time" (i.e., a task priority is assigned once for all to each incoming task). here, we study the new dynamic behavior expected when the priority of each incoming task is time- ... | 2007 | 17358389 |
| in vitro replication of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus in c6/36 mosquito cell line. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india and many parts of the world. the pathogenic agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv), which is 27nm and 15nm in diameter, respectively. replication of mrnv and xsv was investigated in apparently healthy c6/36 subclone of aedes albopictus cell line. the results revealed that c6/36 cells were susceptible to these viruses. ... | 2007 | 17651820 |
| cloning and sequencing of capsid protein of indian isolate of extra small virus from macrobrachium rosenbergii. | white tail disease (wtd) is found to cause immense economic losses in hatcheries and farms, with mortalities often reaching 100% within 2 or 3 days. the pathogenic agents have been identified as macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv), which are 27 and 15 nm in diameter, respectively. experiments were carried out to characterize an indian isolate of xsv capsid protein of 17 kda (cp-17). the gene encoding cp-17 was cloned and its sequence analysed with s ... | 2008 | 17928085 |
| dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. | to investigate the effect of dietary 1,3-diacylglycerol (dag) on the development of insulin resistance (ir) and obesity, brown adipose tissue-deficient mice, a model of high-fat diet-induced ir and obesity, were fed western-type diets (wtd) containing either dag oil (n = 8) or standard triacylglycerol (tag) oil (n = 9) for 15 weeks, beginning at 8 weeks of age. although brown adipose tissue-deficient mice became obese on both tag- and dag-enriched wtd (tag-wtd and dag-wtd), the mice eating dag-w ... | 2007 | 17950109 |
| combined deletion of macrophage abca1 and abcg1 leads to massive lipid accumulation in tissue macrophages and distinct atherosclerosis at relatively low plasma cholesterol levels. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the combined deletion of abca1 and abcg1 expression in macrophages on foam cell formation and atherosclerosis. | 2008 | 18006857 |
| no effect of c-reactive protein on early atherosclerosis in ldlr-/- / human c-reactive protein transgenic mice. | the association between increased concentrations of c-reactive protein (crp) and future cardiovascular events is well established. however, it is currently unclear whether this clinical observation represents an epiphenomenon or whether the pentraxin may actively promote the development of atherosclerosis. experimental studies with knockout mice with a defect in apolipoprotein e (apoe(-/-)) have been used to investigate the role of crp in atherogenesis, but the results obtained have been contrad ... | 2008 | 18217154 |
| vascular effects of diet supplementation with plant sterols. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate vascular effects of diet supplementation with plant sterol esters (pse). | 2008 | 18420097 |
| macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus infection in m. rosenbergii (de man) with white tail disease cultured in taiwan. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in macrobrachium rosenbergii hatcheries and nursery ponds in asia. the causative agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus. this is the first report demonstrating mrnv virus in m. rosenbergii displaying wtd signs in taiwan by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). amplified fragments of 850 and 425 bp for rna-1 and rna-2 of mrnv, respectively, were obtained by rt-pcr. rt-pcr ... | 2008 | 18471097 |
| experimental transmission of chronic wasting disease (cwd) of elk (cervus elaphus nelsoni), white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus hemionus) to white-tailed deer by intracerebral route. | to compare clinical and pathologic findings of chronic wasting disease (cwd) in a natural host, 3 groups (n = 5) of white-tailed deer (wtd) fawns were intracerebrally inoculated with a cwd prion of wtd, mule deer, or elk origin. three other uninoculated fawns served as controls. approximately 10 months postinoculation (mpi), 1 deer from each of the 3 inoculated groups was necropsied and their tissues were examined for lesions of spongiform encephalopathy (se) and for the presence of abnormal pri ... | 2008 | 18487485 |
| using hydrologic conditions to forecast the risk of focal and epidemic arboviral transmission in peninsular florida. | the accurate forecasting and tracking of arboviral transmission is becoming increasingly critical for the early recognition and management of arboviral epidemics. meteorological factors, especially rainfall and temperature, drive arboviral epidemics, but monitoring rainfall and temperature alone is not predictive of increased levels of vector-borne disease transmission. in florida, model simulations of water table depth (wtd) provide a measure of drought, and they have been shown to provide an a ... | 2008 | 18533440 |
| construction of a complementary dna library for parelaphostrongylus tenuis and identification of a potentially sero-diagnostic recombinant antigen. | newly developed serological tests for diagnosing parelaphostrongylosis in cervids, using the excretory-secretory products (es) of the infective larvae of parelaphostrongylus tenuis in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas), have demonstrable superiority over the traditional method of larval recovery and microscopic identification. to generate a source of elisa antigen by genetic engineering, we created a complementary dna (cdna) expression library by the reverse transcription of mrna of p. ... | 2008 | 18576849 |
| diagnostic detection methods for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in white-tailed deer. | this study compares the results and suitability of serological testing, microscopic examination, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) detection, and bacterial culture for detecting mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in asymptomatic farmed white-tailed deer (wtd) (odocoileus virginianus). deer were classified as infected if culture slants from their feces, lymph nodes, or ileum were positive, or if a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay detected map dna in any of its tissues. dee ... | 2008 | 18827845 |
| abcg1 and hdl protect against endothelial dysfunction in mice fed a high-cholesterol diet. | plasma hdl levels are inversely related to the incidence of atherosclerotic disease. some of the atheroprotective effects of hdl are likely mediated via preservation of ec function. whether the beneficial effects of hdl on ecs depend on its involvement in cholesterol efflux via the atp-binding cassette transporters abca1 and abcg1, which promote efflux of cholesterol and oxysterols from macrophages, has not been investigated. to address this, we assessed endothelial function in abca1(-/-), abcg1 ... | 2008 | 18924609 |
| comparison of the bone protective effects of an isoflavone-rich diet with dietary and subcutaneous administrations of genistein in ovariectomized rats. | administration of the isoflavone genistein (gen) has been described to result in bone protection but also to induce uterotrophic responses. to compare bone protective effects of gen with an isoflavone-rich diet (ird) and to further elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in bone-protection, ovariectomized rats (ovx) received either a diet low in isoflavone content (idd) enriched with gen (42 mg kg(-1)b.wtd(-1)) (gen(d)), an ird (14 mg kg(-1)b.wtd(-1) gen, 14 mg kg(-1)b.wtd(-1) daidzein) or were ... | 2009 | 19063953 |
| rna interference-mediated knockdown of p21(waf1) enhances anti-tumor cell activity of oncolytic adenoviruses. | the ability of oncolytic adenoviruses to replicate in and lyse cancer cells offers a potential therapeutic approach. however, selectivity and efficacy of adenovirus replication need to be improved. in this study, we present that loss of p21(waf1) promotes adenovirus replication and more effective cell killing. to test our hypothesis, we took hct116 colon cancer cell lines carrying deletions of either p21(waf1) or p53, and infected these cell lines with wild-type adenovirus (wtd) or the oncolytic ... | 2009 | 19407849 |
| t-cell mrna expression in response to mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination and mycobacterium bovis infection of white-tailed deer. | understanding immune responses of white-tailed deer (wtd) to infection with mycobacterium bovis provides insight into mechanisms of pathogen control and may provide clues to development of effective vaccine strategies. wtd were vaccinated with either m. bovis bcg strain pasteur or bcg strain danish. both vaccinees and unvaccinated controls were subsequently inoculated with virulent m. bovis via the intratonsillar route. real-time pcr was used to assess t-cell mrna expression in peripheral blood ... | 2009 | 19515866 |
| experimental infection of white-tailed deer fawns (odocoileus virginianus) with bovine viral diarrhea virus type-1 isolated from free-ranging white-tailed deer. | the objective of the current study was to elucidate the within-host dynamics of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) type-1 infection to better understand how this virus could be maintained in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus, wtd) populations. the bvdv type-1 used in this study was originally isolated from a free-ranging wtd in indiana. four fawns were intranasally inoculated with 2 ml bvdv type-1 strain 544 wtd at a 10(6) tissue culture infectious dose (tcid(50))/ml. two fawns were inoc ... | 2009 | 19617475 |
| initial sequencing and tissue distribution of toll-like receptor 3 mrna in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | toll-like receptor (tlr) 3 recognizes double-stranded rna (dsrna) and activates a signal transduction pathway that results in the release of a variety of chemokines and cytokines and apoptotic activity. variability in tlr3 expression may play an important role in disease susceptibility of white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus) to bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses, which are dsrna viruses. because little is known about tlr3 in wtd, our objective was to sequence wtd tlr ... | 2009 | 19617489 |
| macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus disease (white tail disease) in australia. | the index case of white tail disease (wtd) is presented in adult broodstock prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii from the flinders river in western queensland, australia, in mid-2007. histological examination revealed extensive myonecrosis with massive infiltration of myonuclei and some haemocytes. juveniles from the same broodstock but not from 3 other families displayed white muscle lesions. low-grade chronic mortalities approaching 100% over 1 yr occurred. reverse transcriptase polymerase chain r ... | 2009 | 19750804 |
| resolving the impact of waiting time distributions on the persistence of measles. | measles epidemics in human populations exhibit what is perhaps the best empirically characterized, and certainly the most studied, stochastic persistence threshold in population biology. a critical community size (ccs) of around 250,000-500,000 separates populations where measles is predominantly persistent from smaller communities where there are frequent extinctions of measles between major epidemics. the fundamental mechanisms contributing to this pattern of persistence, which are long-lastin ... | 2010 | 19793743 |
| natural history of ehrlichia chaffeensis: vertebrate hosts and tick vectors from the united states and evidence for endemic transmission in other countries. | ehrlichia chaffeensis, an intracellular gram-negative zoonotic bacterium, is the causative agent of human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (hme). in humans, the disease can range from a mild, non-specific illness with few to no clinical signs to a moderately severe to fatal disease, especially those with compromised immune systems. e. chaffeensis is maintained in a complex cycle involving white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus) as a primary reservoir and the lone star tick (lst; amblyomma ame ... | 2010 | 19819631 |
| distribution of antibodies reactive to borrelia lonestari and borrelia burgdorferi in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) populations in the eastern united states. | southern tick-associated rash illness is a lyme-like syndrome that occurs in the southern states. borrelia lonestari, which has been suggested as a possible causative agent of southern tick-associated rash illness, naturally infects white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus) and is transmitted by the lone star tick (amblyomma americanum). to better understand the prevalence and distribution of borrelia exposure among wtd, we tested wtd from 21 eastern states for antibodies reactive to b. lo ... | 2009 | 19874183 |
| serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentrations in captive and free-ranging, white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin d [25(oh)d] were determined for free-ranging and captive white-tailed deer (wtd). effects of gender, season, and age on 25(oh)d concentrations were determined as well as comparisons to concentrations in serum from captive reindeer and elk. seasonal variations in 25(oh)d concentrations were detected for both captive and free-ranging wtd with greatest concentrations detected in august/september (approximately 25 ng/ml) and lowest concentrations in february ... | 2009 | 20209469 |
| hydrogen sulfide protects against vascular remodeling from endothelial damage. | remodeling by its very nature implied synthesis and degradation of extracellular matrix (ecm) proteins. although oxidative stress, matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (timp) have been implicated in vascular remodeling, the differential role of mmps versus timps and oxidative stress in vascular remodeling was unclear. timp-3 induced vascular cell apoptosis, therefore, we hypothesized that during vascular injury timp-3, mmp-9 and -12 (elastin-degrading mmp) wer ... | 2010 | 20352463 |
| macrophage abca5 deficiency influences cellular cholesterol efflux and increases susceptibility to atherosclerosis in female ldlr knockout mice. | to determine the role of macrophage atp-binding cassette transporter a5 (abca5) in cellular cholesterol homeostasis and atherosclerotic lesion development. | 2010 | 20382126 |
| negative pressure wound therapy reduces pseudomonas wound contamination more than staphylococcus aureus. | the purpose of this study is to determine if negative pressure wound therapy (npwt) treatment results in fewer bacteria than wet-to-dry (wtd) dressings in a contaminated open fracture wound model. | 2010 | 20736802 |
| tick-borne disease agents in various wildlife from mississippi. | because tick-borne diseases are becoming increasingly important throughout the world, monitoring their causative agents in wildlife may serve as a useful indicator of potential human exposure. we assessed the presence of known and putative zoonotic, tick-borne agents in four wildlife species in mississippi. animals were tested for exposure to or infection with ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia ewingii, borrelia lonestari, rickettsia spp., anaplasma phagocytophilum, and francisella tularensis. who ... | 2011 | 20846016 |
| ldlr-/- mice display decreased susceptibility to western-type diet-induced obesity due to increased thermogenesis. | the low-density lipoprotein receptor (ldlr) is a key molecule involved with lipid clearance. the ldlr(-/-) mouse has been used extensively as a model for studying atherosclerosis. this study sought to characterize the energy balance phenotype of ldlr(-/-) mice with respect to weight gain, body composition, energy expenditure (ee), glucose homeostasis, and leptin sensitivity. adult ldlr(-/-) mice and ldlr(+/+) controls on a c57bl/6j background were fed either a chow or a high-fat, high-sucrose we ... | 2010 | 20881250 |
| loss of intestinal gata4 prevents diet-induced obesity and promotes insulin sensitivity in mice. | transcriptional regulation of small intestinal gene expression controls plasma total cholesterol (tc) and triglyceride (tg) levels, which are major determinants of metabolic diseases. gata4, a zinc finger domain transcription factor, is critical for jejunal identity, and intestinal gata4 deficiency leads to a jejunoileal transition. although intestinal gata4 ablation is known to misregulate jejunal gene expression, its pathophysiological impact on various components of metabolic syndrome remains ... | 2010 | 21177287 |
| differential effects on inhibition of cholesterol absorption by plant stanol and plant sterol esters in apoe-/- mice. | 'functional foods' supplemented with plant sterol esters (pse) and plant stanol esters (psa) are therapeutic options for the management of hypercholesterolaemia. however, their effects on blood monocytes, endothelial function, atherogenesis, and sterol tissue concentrations are poorly understood. | 2011 | 21257611 |
| effects of antisense-mediated inhibition of 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 on hepatic lipid metabolism. | 11ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11ß-hsd1) converts inactive 11-keto derivatives to active glucocorticoids within tissues and may play a role in the metabolic syndrome (ms). we used an antisense oligonucleotide (aso) to knock down 11ß-hsd1 in livers of c57bl/6j mice consuming a western-type diet (wtd). 11ß-hsd1 aso-treated mice consumed less food, so we compared them to ad libitum-fed mice and to food-matched mice receiving control aso. knockdown of 11ß-hsd1 directly protected mice from wtd-i ... | 2011 | 21364201 |
| presence and seeding activity of pathological prion protein (prp(tse)) in skeletal muscles of white-tailed deer infected with chronic wasting disease. | chronic wasting disease (cwd) is a contagious, rapidly spreading transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (tse), or prion disease, occurring in cervids such as white tailed-deer (wtd), mule deer or elk in north america. despite efficient horizontal transmission of cwd among cervids natural transmission of the disease to other species has not yet been observed. here, we report for the first time a direct biochemical demonstration of pathological prion protein prp(tse) and of prp(tse)-associated se ... | 2011 | 21483771 |
| virus-like particles of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus produced in bacteria. | macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) infects giant freshwater prawns and causes white tail disease (wtd). the coding region of the capsid protein of mrnv was amplified with rt-pcr and cloned into the ptrchis2-topo vector. the recombinant plasmid was introduced into escherichia coli and protein expression was induced with iptg. sds-page showed that the recombinant protein containing the his-tag and myc epitope has a molecular mass of about 46kda and it was detected by the anti-his antibody ... | 2011 | 21536072 |
| preventive effect of pine bark extract (flavangenol) on metabolic disease in western diet-loaded tsumura suzuki obese diabetes mice. | it is known that the metabolic syndrome has a multi-factorial basis involving both genetic and environmental risk factors. in this study, tsumura suzuki obese diabetes (tsod) mice, a mouse model of multi-factorial, hereditary, obese type ii diabetes, were given a western diet (wtd) as an environmental factor to prepare a disease model (tsod-wtd) and to investigate the preventive effects of pine bark extract (flavangenol) against obesity and various features of metabolic disease appearing in this ... | 2011 | 21607011 |
| nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an altered hepatocyte microrna profile in ldl receptor knockout mice. | micrornas modulate processes associated with cell cycle control and differentiation. here we explored the potential of micrornas in the modulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. microrna profiles of hepatocytes from low-density lipoprotein (ldl) receptor knockout mice fed a chow diet or a hypertriglyceridemia/fatty liver-inducing western-type diet (wtd) were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. ninety-seven of 10 ... | 2011 | 21764575 |
| absence of fatty acid transporter cd36 protects against western-type diet-related cardiac dysfunction following pressure overload in mice. | cardiac patients often are obese and have hypertension, but in most studies these conditions are investigated separately. here, we aimed at, 1) elucidating the interaction of metabolic and mechanophysical stress in the development of cardiac dysfunction in mice and, 2) preventing this interaction by ablation of the fatty acid transporter cd36. male wildtype c57bl/6 (wt) mice and cd36(-/-) mice received chow or western-type diet (wtd) for 10 weeks, and then underwent a sham surgery or transverse ... | 2011 | 21712535 |
| Lack of acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 reduces intestinal cholesterol absorption and attenuates atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. | Triacylglycerols (TG) are the major storage molecules of metabolic energy and fatty acids in several tissues. The final step in TG biosynthesis is catalyzed by acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) enzymes. Lack of whole body DGAT1 is associated with reduced lipid-induced inflammation. Since one major component of atherosclerosis is chronic inflammation we hypothesized that DGAT1 deficiency might ameliorate atherosclerotic lesion development. We therefore crossbred Apolipoprotein E-defi ... | 2011 | 21924378 |
| the effect of abcg1 deficiency on atherosclerotic lesion development in ldl receptor knockout mice depends on the stage of atherogenesis. | objective: as abcg1 plays a role in cholesterol efflux, macrophage abcg1 expression has been suggested to protect against atherosclerosis. however, we and others observed varying effects of abcg1 deficiency on atherosclerotic lesion size. the objective of this study was to define the effect of abcg1 deficiency during atherosclerotic lesion progression in ldl receptor knockout (ldlr(-/-)) mice. methods and results: abcg1(-/-)/ldlr(-/-) and abcg1(+/+)/ldlr(-/-) littermates were fed a western-type ... | 2011 | 22196936 |
| antisense reduction of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enhances energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity independent of food intake in c57bl/6j mice on a western-type diet. | we recently reported that inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11β-hsd1) by antisense oligonucleotide (aso) improved hepatic lipid metabolism independent of food intake. in that study, 11β-hsd1 aso-treated mice lost weight compared with food-matched control aso-treated mice, suggesting treatment-mediated increased energy expenditure. we have now examined the effects of 11β-hsd1 aso treatment on adipose tissue metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and whole-body energy expenditure. we use ... | 2011 | 22209663 |
| Molecular Study of Free-ranging Mule Deer and White-tailed Deer from British Columbia, Canada, for Evidence of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. | Twenty-three free-ranging white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) and six mule deer (MD; Odocoileus hemionus) from south-central British Columbia, Canada, were tested for Anaplasma marginale by msp5 gene-specific PCR and Ehrlichia spp. by 16S rRNA or citrate synthase (gltA) gene-specific PCR, as well as by PCR with universal 16S rRNA primers detecting a wide range of bacteria. No deer tested positive for A. marginale. Amplification with universal 16S rRNA primers followed by sequencing o ... | 2011 | 21933360 |
| detection and phylogenetic profiling of nodavirus associated with white tail disease in malaysian macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious viral disease in the hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in many parts of the world. a new disease similar to wtd was observed in larvae and post larvae of m. rosenbergii cultured in malaysia. in the present study, rt-pcr assay was used to detect the causative agents of wtd, m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) using specific primers for mrnv rna2 and xsv. the results showed the presence of mrnv in the samples wit ... | 2012 | 22223294 |
| anaplasma odocoilei sp. nov. (family anaplasmataceae) from white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | recently, an undescribed anaplasma sp. (also called ehrlichia-like sp. or wtd agent) was isolated in ise6 tick cells from captive white-tailed deer. the goal of the current study was to characterize this organism using a combination of experimental infection, morphologic, serologic, and molecular studies. each of 6 experimentally inoculated white-tailed deer fawns (odocoileus virginianus) became chronically infected (100+ days) with the anaplasma sp. by inoculation of either infected whole blood ... | 2012 | 23276749 |
| wu-tou decoction inhibits chronic inflammatory pain in mice: participation of trpv1 and trpa1 ion channels. | wu-tou decoction (wtd) is a classic traditional chinese medicine formula and has been used effectively to treat joint diseases clinically. previous reports indicated that wtd possesses anti-inflammatory activity; however, its actions on pain have not been clarified. here, we investigated the antinociceptive activity of wtd in cfa-induced mice, and its possible mechanism of the action associated with transient receptor potential (trp) ion channels was also explored. our results showed that 1.58, ... | 2015 | 25839032 |
| hidden in plain sight: cryptic and endemic malaria parasites in north american white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | malaria parasites of the genus plasmodium are diverse in mammal hosts, infecting five mammalian orders in the old world, but were long considered absent from the diverse deer family (cervidae) and from new world mammals. there was a description of a plasmodium parasite infecting a single splenectomized white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus) in 1967 but none have been reported since, which has proven a challenge to our understanding of malaria parasite biogeography. using both microscopy ... | 2016 | 26989785 |
| vector competence of culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae) to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 7. | culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae) is a vector of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) serotypes 1 and 2 in north america, where these viruses are well-known pathogens of white-tailed deer (wtd) and other wild ruminants. although historically rare, reports of clinical ehdv infection in cattle have increased in some parts of the world over the past decade. in 2006, an ehdv-7 epizootic in cattle resulted in economic loss for the israeli dairy industry. white-tailed deer are sus ... | 2012 | 23075098 |
| modeling the impact of climate and landscape on the efficacy of white tailed deer vaccination for cattle tick control in northeastern mexico. | cattle ticks are distributed worldwide and affect animal health and livestock production. white tailed deer (wtd) sustain and spread cattle tick populations. the aim of this study was to model the efficacy of anti-tick vaccination of wtd to control tick infestations in the absence of cattle vaccination in a territory where both host species coexist and sustain cattle tick populations. agent-based models that included land cover/landscape properties (patch size, distances to patches) and climatic ... | 2014 | 25047078 |
| morphologic and molecular characterization of a demodex (acari: demodicidae) species from white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | demodex mites, although usually nonpathogenic, can cause a wide range of dermatological lesions ranging from mild skin irritation and alopecia to severe furunculosis. recently, a case of demodicosis from a white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) revealed a demodex species morphologically distinct from demodex odocoilei. all life cycle stages were considerably larger than d. odocoilei and although similar in size to d. kutzeri and d. acutipes from european cervids, numerous morphometrics disti ... | 2013 | 27335854 |
| widespread movement of invasive cattle fever ticks (rhipicephalus microplus) in southern texas leads to shared local infestations on cattle and deer. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is a highly-invasive tick that transmits the cattle parasites (babesia bovis and b. bigemina) that cause cattle fever. r. microplus and babesia are endemic in mexico and ticks persist in the united states inside a narrow tick eradication quarantine area (teqa) along the rio grande. this containment area is threatened by unregulated movements of illegal cattle and wildlife like white-tailed deer (wtd; odocoileus virginianus). | 2014 | 24742041 |
| proteomics approach to the study of cattle tick adaptation to white tailed deer. | cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, are a serious threat to animal health and production. some ticks feed on a single host species while others such as r. microplus infest multiple hosts. white tailed deer (wtd) play a role in the maintenance and expansion of cattle tick populations. however, cattle ticks fed on wtd show lower weight and reproductive performance when compared to ticks fed on cattle, suggesting the existence of host factors that affect tick feeding and reproduction ... | 2013 | 24364032 |
| a virulent babesia bovis strain failed to infect white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). | wildlife are an important component in the vector-host-pathogen triangle of livestock diseases, as they maintain biological vectors that transmit pathogens and can serve as reservoirs for such infectious pathogens. babesia bovis is a tick-borne pathogen, vectored by cattle fever ticks, rhipicephalus spp., that can cause up to 90% mortality in naive adult cattle. while cattle are the primary host for cattle fever ticks, wild and exotic ungulates, including white-tailed deer (wtd), are known to be ... | 2015 | 26083429 |
| white tail disease of freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | macrobrachium rosenbergii is the most important cultured freshwater prawn in the world and it is now farmed on a large scale in many countries. generally, freshwater prawn is considered to be tolerant to diseases but a disease of viral origin is responsible for severe mortalities in larval, post-larval and juvenile stages of prawn. this viral infection namely white tail disease (wtd) was reported in the island of guadeloupe in 1995 and later in martinique (frenchwest indies) in taiwan, the peopl ... | 2012 | 23997437 |
| [investigation of the presence of the etiological agents of malignant catarrhal fever in clinically healthy ruminants in zoological gardens]. | malignant catarrhal fever (mcf) is an infectious disease in even-toed ungulates including domestic cattle and wild living ruminants, which repeatedly also occurred in zoological gardens in europe. the goal of the study presented here was to determine whether wild ruminants--here in the sense of non-domesticated ruminant species in zoological collections--normally not known as carriers of mcf viruses, may carry and shed these viruses and thus might play a possible role as source of infection. to ... | 2015 | 26054228 |
| expression of interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6 in white-tailed deer infected with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus. | the pathogenesis of epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehd) in white‑tailed deer (wtd) may be related to factors other than direct viral damage caused by replication in endothelium, such as the release of cytokines. this study focused on interleukin‑1 β (il‑1) and interleukin‑6 (il‑6), which have been shown to be variably upregulated in bluetongue virus (btv) infected cattle and sheep endothelial cultures possibly explaining species susceptibility to btv. we evaluated circulating and tissue levels ... | 2016 | 26741245 |
| experimental infection of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) with northern european bluetongue virus serotype 8. | bluetongue (bt) is an insect-transmitted, economically important disease of domestic and wild ruminants. although only five of the 26 reported bluetongue virus (btv) serotypes are considered endemic to the usa, 10 exotic serotypes have been isolated primarily in the southeastern region of the country since 1999. for an exotic btv serotype to become endemic there must be susceptible animal species and competent vectors. in the usa, sheep and white-tailed deer (wtd) are the primary sentinel livest ... | 2013 | 23876932 |
| susceptibility of white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) to experimental infection with epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 7. | during the fall of 2006, in israel, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) serotype 7 caused an intense and widespread epizootic in domestic cattle that resulted in significant economic losses for the dairy industry. the susceptibility of potential north american vector and ruminant hosts to infection with ehdv-7 is not known but is essential to understanding the potential for establishment of this exotic orbivirus in north america if it were introduced. our primary objective was to determin ... | 2012 | 22740533 |
| white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) as a potential sentinel for human lyme disease in indiana. | we assessed the potential of white-tailed deer (wtd) (odocoileus virginianus) to be a sentinel for human cases of lyme disease (ld) in indiana using location data from a 3-year survey of approximately 3400 hunted deer with associated tick ixodes scapularis and borrelia burgdorferi (bb) data. data on human ld cases at the county level were obtained from the indiana department of health. all data were assigned to county centroids to match the resolution of the ld data before creating optimized tre ... | 2013 | 22776734 |
| the occurrence of bovine viral diarrhea virus in hunter-harvested white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) in the state of georgia, southeastern united states. | the prevalence of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in free-ranging white-tailed deer (wtd, odocoileus virginianus) in the state of georgia was evaluated using ear notches collected from hunter-harvested deer during the hunting season of 2010-2011. from september to december 2010, 367 ear samples from wtd were collected from 37 counties in georgia. the samples were from 178 (48.5%) female deer, 187 (51%) male deer, and 2 (0.5%) of unknown sex. the age of the animals varied from 6 months to 6.5 ... | 2012 | 23019244 |
| primary transmission of chronic wasting disease versus scrapie prions from small ruminants to transgenic mice expressing ovine or cervid prion protein. | development of mice expressing either ovine (tg338) or cervid (tgelk) prion protein (prp) have aided in characterization of scrapie and chronic wasting disease (cwd), respectively. experimental inoculation of sheep with cwd prions has demonstrated the potential for interspecies transmission but, infection with cwd versus classical scrapie prions may be difficult to differentiate using validated diagnostic platforms. in this study, mouse bioassay in tg338 and tgelk was utilized to evaluate transm ... | 2016 | 27393736 |
| enterocytozoon bieneusi, giardia, and cryptosporidium infecting white-tailed deer. | despite a white-tailed deer (wtd) population in the united states of approximately 32 million animals extremely little is known of the prevalence and species of the protists that infect these animals. this study was undertaken to determine the presence of potential human protist pathogens in culled wtd in central maryland. feces from fawns to adults were examined by molecular methods. the prevalence of enterocytozoon bieneusi, cryptosporidium, and giardia was determined by pcr. all pcr-positive ... | 2015 | 25066778 |
| tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) infected with epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. | epizootic haemorrhagic disease (ehd) is the most important infectious disease of white‑tailed deer (wtd), however little is known about the role of inflammatory mediators in the pathogenesis. we characterized the expression of tumor necrosis factor‑alpha (tnf-α) ex vivo in tissues of wtd experimentally or naturally infected with ehd virus serotype 2 and in wtd peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) infected with ehd virus serotype 2 in vitro. circulating levels of tnf-α were evaluated in seru ... | 2016 | 27723049 |
| host and potential vector susceptibility to an emerging orbivirus in the united states: epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 6. | epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (ehdvs) are orbiviruses transmitted by culicoides biting midges to domestic and wild ruminants. ehdv-1 and ehdv-2 are endemic in the united states, where epizootic hemorrhagic disease is the most significant viral disease of white-tailed deer (wtd;odocoileus virginianus) and reports of epizootic hemorrhagic disease in cattle are increasing. in 2006, a reassortant ehdv-6 was isolated from dead wtd in indiana and has been detected each subsequent year over a w ... | 2016 | 26459518 |
| characterization of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus from a bovine with clinical disease with high nucleotide sequence identity to white-tailed deer isolates. | epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv) was isolated from a pregnant cow in indiana, usa, exhibiting excessive salivation, pyrexia and abortion. vp2, vp5, and vp7 sequences of the isolated bovine ehdv showed 97.7, 97.4, and 97.9 % identity to a serotype 2 reference virus. bovine ehdv was closely related (>99.9 %) to white tailed deer (wtd) ehdv collected from iowa in 2013 and showed less than 2.1 % divergence from ehdv collected from wtd across the usa in 2013. the high degree of sequence ide ... | 2014 | 24852073 |
| developing immunological methods for detecting macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus using a recombinant protein preparation. | macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) have been identified as the causative agents for white tail disease (wtd) of m. rosenbergii. in this study, the gene sequences encoding mrnv and xsv capsid proteins were separately ligated into the pgex-4t-3 expression vector and transformed into escherichia coli. after induction, glutathione-s-transferase (gst)-tagged mrnv and xsv fusion proteins were obtained with molecular masses of 68 and 43 kda, respectively. specific po ... | 2016 | 26263892 |
| production and application of polyclonal antibodies against recombinant capsid protein of extra small virus of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus along with a satellite virus, extra small virus (xsv) causes white tail disease (wtd) in the giant freshwater prawn m. rosenbergii. infected m. rosenbergii postlarvae were collected from a hatchery in kakinada, andhra pradesh. the gene coding the capsid protein of xsv was cloned in a bacterial expression vector prset a and the recombinant protein was expressed in escherichia coli bl21(de3)plyss cells. the recombinant protein was purified by nickel affinity chr ... | 2012 | 24293828 |
| production of recombinant capsid protein of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (r-mcp43) of giant freshwater prawn, m. rosenbergii (de man) for immunological diagnostic methods. | white tail disease (wtd) caused by macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) is a serious problem in prawn hatcheries. the gene for capsid protein of mrnv (mcp43) was cloned into prset b expression vector. the mcp43 protein was expressed as a protein with a 6-histidine tag in escherichia coli gj1158 with nacl induction. this recombinant protein, which was used to raise the antiserum in rabbits, recognized capsid protein in different wtd-infected post-larvae and adult ... | 2014 | 23952017 |
| monoclonal antibodies against extra small virus show that it co-localizes with macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus. | the capsid protein (cp) gene of extra small virus (xsv) expressed in escherichia coli as a 42 kda glutathione s-transferase (gst)-fusion protein (gst-xcp) or a 20 kda his6-fusion protein (his6-xcp) were purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), combined, and used to immunize swiss mice to produce monoclonal antibodies (mabs). using dot blot, western blot, and immunohistochemistry (ihc) methods, 4 mabs specific to the xsv cp detected xsv in the freshwater p ... | 2012 | 22832718 |
| management of on-farm risk to livestock from bovine tuberculosis in michigan, usa, white-tailed deer: predictions from a spatially-explicit stochastic model. | the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (btb), caused by mycobacterium bovis, from cattle in many locations worldwide is complicated by endemic foci of the disease in free-ranging wildlife. recent simulation modeling of the btb outbreak in white-tailed deer (wtd) in michigan, usa, suggests current management is unlikely to eradicate btb from the core outbreak area (dmu 452) within the next three decades. however, some level of control short of eradication might sufficiently reduce transmission fr ... | 2016 | 27836043 |