| pungent principles of ginger (zingiber officinale) are thermogenic in the perfused rat hindlimb. | crude extracts of both fresh and dry ginger induced the perfused rat hindlimb to consume oxygen in association with increases in perfusion pressure and lactate production. the principles responsible for these observations, the gingerols and shogaols, were isolated and tested for relative thermogenic activity. the gingerol homologues possessed greater molar potency than their shogaol counterparts. (6)-gingerol was the most potent principle isolated, causing a mean maximal increase in oxygen consu ... | 1992 | 1330955 |
| 6-gingesulfonic acid, a new anti-ulcer principle, and gingerglycolipids a, b, and c, three new monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, from zingiberis rhizoma originating in taiwan. | by monitoring the effects on hcl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats, a new antiulcer principle named 6-gingesulfonic acid was isolated from zingiberis rhizoma, the dried rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe (cultivated and processed in taiwan) together with three new monoacyldigalactosylglycerols named gingerglycolipids a, b and c. their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. 6-gingesulfonic acid showed more potent anti-ulcer activity tha ... | 1992 | 1423791 |
| a bioassay for inhibition of serotonin release from bovine platelets. | a bioassay was developed to study agents capable of inhibiting the release of serotonin from bovine blood platelets. it is a simple, inexpensive, and reproducible high-throughput bioassay suitable for quality control of feverfew, tanacetum parthenium, a crude drug with proven migraine prophylactic activity that is being considered for governmental registration and regulation. the bioassay, which requires no experimental animals or human subjects, was used to assess the in vitro activity of t. pa ... | 1992 | 1431933 |
| [stomachic principles in ginger. ii. pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of zingiber officinale roscoe cultivated in taiwan. the absolute stereostructure of a new diarylheptanoid]. | by using the effects on hcl/ethanol-induced gastric lesions in rats, beta-sesquiphellandrene (2), beta-bisabolene (3), ar-curcumene (4) and 6-shogaol (5) were isolated as anti-ulcer active principles in ginger, the dried rhizoma of zingiber officinale roscoe (shokyo in japanese) which was cultivated in taiwan, together with nine known compounds and a new diarylheptanoid. the absolute stereostructure of the diarylheptanoid was characterized as (3s,5s)-dihydroxy 1-(4'-hydroxy-3',5'-dimethoxyphenyl ... | 1992 | 1469612 |
| [pharmacologic studies of antimotion sickness actions of ginger]. | the pharmacologic actions related to antimotion sickness effects of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe.) were studied. there was no significant effect on parameters of rotatory movement-induced electronystagmogram of rabbit after intravenous (i.v.) infection of ginger juice. the low amplitude fast wave pattern of electrocorticogram of rabbit changed to high amplitude slow wave pattern after i.v. injection of ginger juice. rabbit gastric contraction in situ was shortly suppressed after ginger jui ... | 1992 | 1498536 |
| effect of cumin, cinnamon, ginger, mustard and tamarind in induced hypercholesterolemic rats. | the effect of a few common spices--cumin (cuminum cyminum, cinnamon (cinnamomum zeylanicum), ginger (zingiber officinale), mustard (brassica nigra) and tamarind (tamarindus indica)--added to normal and hypercholesterolemia inducing diet on serum and liver cholesterol levels in rats was studied. these spices did not show any cholesterol lowering effect when included in the diet at about 5-fold the normal human intake level. | 1991 | 1865890 |
| influence of spices on utilization of sorghum and chickpea protein. | influence of eight common indian spices on the protein quality of sorghum and chickpea was studied. spices used include red chillies (capsicum annum), black pepper (piper nigrum), coriander seeds (coriandrum sativum) cumin seeds (cuminum cyminum), garlic (allium sativum), asafoetida (ferula foetida), dry ginger (zingiber officinale) and ajowan (carum copticum). addition of spices did not affect protein digestibility (td) of sorghum. the bv of all sorghum diets with spices was higher than that of ... | 1991 | 1924191 |
| effects of ginger on motion sickness susceptibility and gastric function. | this study was designed to evaluate the antimotion sickness activity of ginger root (zingiber officinale) and to characterize the effects of ginger on gastric function. twenty-eight human volunteers participated in the project. subjects made timed head movements in a rotating chair until they reached an endpoint of motion sickness short of vomiting (malaise iii or m-iii). each subject was tested with either ginger or scopolamine and a placebo. a substance was judged to possess antimotion sicknes ... | 1991 | 2062873 |
| molluscicidal and antischistosomal activities of zingiber officinale. | experiments were conducted to study the major constituents of zingiber officinale responsible for its molluscicidal activity and the effect of the active component on different stages of schistosoma mansoni. gingerol and shogaol exhibited potent molluscicidal activity on biomphalaria glabrata. gingerol (5.0 ppm) completely abolished the infectivity of schistosoma mansoni miracidia and cercariae in b. glabrata and mice, respectively, indicating that the molluscicide is capable of interrupting sch ... | 1990 | 2236291 |
| gastroprotective activity of ginger zingiber officinale rosc., in albino rats. | the cytoprotective and gastric anti-ulcer studies of ginger have been carried out in albino rats. cytodestruction was produced by 80% ethanol, 0.6m hc1, 0.2m naoh and 25% nacl. whereas gastric ulcers were produced by ulcerogenic agents including indomethacin, aspirin and reserpine, beside hypothermic restraint stress and by pylorus ligated shay rat technique. the results of this study demonstrate that the extract in the dose of 500 mg/kg orally exert highly significant cytoprotection against 80% ... | 1989 | 2589236 |
| ethnopharmacologic investigation of ginger (zingiber officinale). | an ethanolic extract of the rhizomes of zingiber officinale was investigated for anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, antimicrobial and hypoglycaemic activities. in rats, the extract reduced carrageenan-induced paw swelling and yeast-induced fever but was ineffective in suppressing the writhing induced by intraperitoneal acetic acid. the extract produced blood glucose lowering in rabbits. the growth of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was significantly inhibited. a dose-depend ... | 1989 | 2615416 |
| [a clinical study on the treatment of acute upper digestive tract hemorrhage with wen-she decoction]. | this paper deals with the prospective clinical study on treatment of acute upper digestive tract hemorrhage with wen-she decoction (wsd). an opened sequential controlled trial method of simple orientation quality reaction was adopted in this study. 7 cases were treated and all of them were cured. it was concluded that wsd was an excellent therapy to treat the middle or small amount hemorrhage of acute upper digestive tract. the effective rate of wsd of the stool ob (+) becoming (-) within 5 days ... | 1989 | 2766422 |
| effects of certain herbal medicines on the biotransformation of arachidonic acid: a new pharmacological testing method using serum. | two in vitro experimental systems were compared to evaluate the pharmacological effects of some herbal medicines on the biotransformation of arachidonic acid (aa) using the microsomal fraction of sheep vesicular glands as an enzyme source. the first system involved the addition of serum obtained from rats treated orally with the herbal medicines, while the second system involved the direct addition of herbal medicine extracts to the enzyme medium. both systems were performed in parallel. indomet ... | 1988 | 3138504 |
| antifilarial effect of zingiber officinale on dirofilaria immitis. | dogs, naturally infected with dirofilaria immitis, were treated with the residues of the alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of zingiber officinale (ginger). twelve subcutaneous injections of the extract given at 100 mg/kg reduced microfilarial concentration in blood by a maximum of 98%. fifty five days after the last injection there was 83% reduction in microfilarial concentration suggesting partial destruction of adult worms. half of the treated dogs showed some lethargy at the beginning of tre ... | 1987 | 3668217 |
| pharmacological studies on ginger. i. pharmacological actions of pungent constitutents, (6)-gingerol and (6)-shogaol. | general pharmacological studies were performed on (6)-gingerol and (6)-shogaol which are the pungent constituents of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe). intravenous (i.v.) administration of (6)-gingerol (at 1.75-3.5 mg/kg) or (6)-shogaol (at 1.75-3.5 mg/kg) and oral administration of them (at 70-140 mg/kg) produced an inhibition of spontaneous motor activity, an antipyretic and analgesic effects, prolonged hexobarbital-induced sleeping time, and these effects of (6)-shogaol were mostly more int ... | 1984 | 6335723 |
| the active part of the [6]-gingerol molecule in mutagenesis. | a study was performed to discover the active part in mutagenesis of [6]-gingerol, a mutagen contained in ginger zingiber officinale (nakamura and yamamoto, 1982). [6]-shogaol was isolated from the ginger by column chromatography on silica gel. [6]-shogaol was much less mutagenic (1 x 10(3) revertants/10(8) viable cells/700 microm) than [6]-gingerol (1 x 10(7) of the same units). mutation frequencies of their related compounds were 4 x 10(1) for zingerone, 1 x 10(7) for 3-hydroxymyristic acid and ... | 1983 | 6361533 |
| mutagen and anti-mutagen in ginger, zingiber officinale. | when rhizome juice of ginger, zingiber officinale, was added to a solution of 2(2-furyl)-3(5-nitro-2-fury)acryl amide (af2) or n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (ntg), mutagenesis by these chemicals was markedly increased. as a result of the component fractionation of the ginger juice, it was found that [6]-gingerol was a potent mutagen. however, the ginger juice also contained anti-mutagenic component(s) against [6]-gingerol (cas no. 58253-27-3) (present study) and tryptophan pyrolysates (ka ... | 1982 | 7035917 |
| cardiotonic principles of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe). | | 1982 | 7143220 |
| the antiamoebic effect of a crude drug formulation of herbal extracts against entamoeba histolytica in vitro and in vivo. | the antiamoebic effect of a crude drug formulation against entamoeba histolytica was studied. in the traditional system of medicine in india, the formulation has been prescribed for intestinal disorders. it comprises of five medicinal herbs, namely, boerhavia diffusa, berberis aristata, tinospora cordifolia, terminalia chebula and zingiber officinale. the dried and pulverized plants were extracted in ethanol together and individually. in vitro amoebicidal activity was studied to determine the mi ... | 1995 | 7739226 |
| antiplatelet effect of gingerol isolated from zingiber officinale. | the purpose of this investigation was to determine the antiplatelet mechanism of gingerol. gingerol concentration-dependently (0.5-20 microm) inhibited the aggregation and release reaction of rabbit washed platelets induced by arachidonic acid and collagen, but not those induced by platelet-activating factor (paf), u46619 (9,11-dideoxy-9 alpha,11 alpha-methano-epoxy-pgf2 alpha) and thrombin. gingerol also concentration-dependently (0.5-10 microm) inhibited thromboxane b2 and prostaglandin d2 for ... | 1995 | 7791032 |
| resiniferatoxin and piperine: capsaicin-like stimulators of oxygen uptake in the perfused rat hindlimb. | the naturally occurring capsaicin-like molecules, resiniferatoxin (rtx, euphorbia spp.) and piperine (piper nigrum), each stimulated oxygen uptake (vo2) in association with increased vascular resistance in a concentration-dependent manner when infused into the perfused rat hindlimb. 5 microm glyceryl trinitrate (gtn, a nitrovasodilator) significantly blocked the oxygen and pressure responses to both rtx and piperine, indicating a close relationship between changes in vo2 and the vasoconstriction ... | 1994 | 8035653 |
| stomachic principles in ginger. iii. an anti-ulcer principle, 6-gingesulfonic acid, and three monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, gingerglycolipids a, b, and c, from zingiberis rhizoma originating in taiwan. | an anti-ulcer constituent, 6-gingesulfonic acid, and three monoacyldigalactosylglycerols, gingerglycolipids a, b, and c, were isolated from zingiberis rhizoma, the dried rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe which was cultivated in taiwan, together with (+)-angelicoidenol-2-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside. based on chemical reactions and physicochemical evidence, the structures of 6-gingesulfonic acid, gingerglycolipids a, b, and c have been determined. in addition, the absolute stereostructure of (+)- ... | 1994 | 8069973 |
| common indian spices: nutrient composition, consumption and contribution to dietary value. | nutrient composition of eight commonly consumed spices of south india was analysed. spices analysed were red chillies (capsicum annum), black pepper (piper nigrum), coriander seeds (coriandrum sativum), cumin seeds (cuminum cyminum), garlic (allium sativum), asafoetida (ferula foetida), dry ginger (zingiber officinale) and ajowan (carum copticum). the nutrients analysed were proximate principles, minerals, starch, sugars, dietary fibre components, tannins, phytic acid, enzyme inhibitors and amin ... | 1993 | 8397396 |
| cholesterol biosynthesis inhibitory component from zingiber officinale roscoe. | we previously reported on the isolation and identification of (e)-8 beta,17-epoxylabd-12-ene-15,16-dial (zt) from ginger (rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe, zingiberaceae). in this paper, the pharmacological effects of zt are reported. the experimental mouse hypercholesterolemia induced by triton wr-1339 was treated after oral administration of zt. in homogenated rat liver with zt, cholesterol biosynthesis was decreased. in addition, the same activity was observed in the homogenated rat live ... | 1993 | 8508473 |
| the effect of chinese medicinal herb zingiberis rhizoma extract on cytokine secretion by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | the ethanolic extract of the chinese medicinal herb zingiberis rhizoma, the rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe (zingiberaceae), was found to show biphasic effects on secretion of cytokines by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. in this study, the augmentative effect of zingiberis rhizoma extract on cytokine secretion was shown to be time dependent. no significant secretion of cytokine was noted when the reaction time was 1 or 3 h. secretion of interleukin-1beta (il-1beta), inte ... | 1995 | 8569242 |
| blockade of lithium chloride-induced conditioned place aversion as a test for antiemetic agents: comparison of metoclopramide with combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba. | the present study tests the hypothesis that the blockade of lithium chloride-induced conditioned place aversion might be a suitable model to assess antiemetic properties of drugs, especially in species that do not vomit, like rats. the effects of the known antiemetic compound metoclopramide were compared with those of zingicomb, a combination preparation of extracts of ginkgo biloba and zingiber officinale, also presumed to have antiemetic properties. place conditioning was performed using a con ... | 1995 | 8577797 |
| inhibition of tumor promotion in sencar mouse skin by ethanol extract of zingiber officinale rhizome. | there is considerable emphasis on identifying potential chemopreventive agents present in food consumed by the human population. ginger rhizome (zingiber officinale), known commonly as ginger, is consumed worldwide in cookeries as a spice and a flavoring agent. in prior in vitro studies, it has been shown that the water or organic solvent extract of ginger possesses antioxidative and antiinflammatory properties. in this study, we evaluated whether ethanol extract of ginger (ge) possesses anti-tu ... | 1996 | 8640756 |
| screening of medicinal plants for induction of somatic segregation activity in aspergillus nidulans. | knowledge about mutagenic properties of plants commonly used in traditional medicine is limited. a screening for genotoxic activity was carried out in aqueous or alcoholic extracts prepared from 13 medicinal plants widely used as folk medicine in cuba: lepidium virginicum l. (brassicaceae): plantago major l. and plantago lanceolata l. (plantaginaceae); ortosiphon aristatus blume, mentha x piperita l., melissa officinalis l. and plectranthus amboinicus (lour.) spreng. (lamiaceae); cymbopogon citr ... | 1996 | 8771452 |
| anxiolytic-like effect of combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba in the elevated plus-maze. | the effects of the known anxiolytic compound diazepam (dz) on the behavior of rats in the elevated plus-maze were compared with those of zingicomb (zc) (registered trademark of mattern et partner), a combination preparation of standardized extracts of ginkgo biloba and zingiber officinale. dz was administered intraperitoneally (ip) in a reference dosage of 1 mg/kg 30 min before the rats were tested on the elevated plus-maze for 5 min. the treatment with dz elevated the time spent on the open arm ... | 1996 | 8808131 |
| activity of a crude extract formulation in experimental hepatic amoebiasis and in immunomodulation studies. | the activity of a crude extract formulation was evaluated in experimental amoebic liver abscess in golden hamsters and in immunomodulation studies. the formulation comprises the following five plants-boerhavia diffusa, tinospora cordifolia, berberis aristata, terminalia chebula and zingiber officinale. the formulation had a maximum cure rate of 73% at a dose of 800 mg/kg/day in hepatic amoebiasis reducing the average degree of infection (adi) to 1.3 as compared to 4.2 for sham-treated controls. ... | 1996 | 8953425 |
| antiemetic efficacy of ginger (zingiber officinale) against cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs. | effect of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe, zingiberaceae) extracts (acetone, 50% ethanolic and aqueous) were investigated for antiemetic activity against emesis induced by 3 mg/kg cisplatin (the 100% emetic dose i.v.) in-healthy mongrel dogs. the acetone and 50% ethanolic extract at the doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o. exhibited significant protection while aqueous extract at these doses was ineffective against cisplatin emesis. the acetone extract was more effective than ethanolic ext ... | 1997 | 9254112 |
| biochemical studies on combined effects of garlic (allium sativum linn) and ginger (zingiber officinale rosc) in albino rats. | adult male rats of wistar strain were fed diets containing (w/w) 2% garlic (group ii), 0.5% ginger (group iii) and a combination of garlic plus ginger (group iv) for 4 weeks to study their effects on serum biochemical parameters. a significant increase in body weight was observed in all groups except that fed ginger (group iii). a significant decrease in blood glucose, serum total cholesterol and serum alkaline phosphatase were found in all groups, whereas serum triglycerides were decreased sign ... | 1997 | 9475058 |
| dissociation between anxiolytic and hypomnestic effects for combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba, as opposed to diazepam. | previous work has shown that zingicomb (zc), a combination preparation of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba, exerts anxiolytic-like effects in the elevated plus-maze (epm), possibly related to 5-ht antagonistic properties of its components. the first experiment of this study was performed to gauge the specificity of the anxiolytic action of zc with respect to the mixture ratio of the single components in the combination preparation. two different combinations of zingiber officinale and ginkg ... | 1998 | 9477004 |
| the protective action of ethanolic ginger (zingiber officinale) extract in cholesterol fed rabbits. | the effects of ethanolic extract of ginger (200 mg/kg, p.o.) were studied in cholesterol fed rabbits. the marked rise in serum and tissue cholesterol, serum triglycerides, serum lipoproteins and phospholipids that followed 10 weeks of cholesterol feeding, was significantly reduced by the ethanolic ginger extract and results were compared with gemfibrozil, a standard orally effective hypolipidaemic drug. the severity of aortic atherosclerosis as judged by gross grading was more marked in pathogen ... | 1998 | 9683348 |
| microbial stability of mango (mangifera indica l.) juice preserved by combined application of mild heat and extracts of two tropical spices. | the microbial stability of mango (mangifera indica l.) juice (ph 4.9) supplemented with extracts of ginger (zingiber officinale) and nutmeg (myristica fragrans) was investigated during 3 months of ambient-temperature storage. heating at 55 degrees c for 15 min markedly reduced the levels of non-spore-forming bacteria and produced a product with acceptable taste. supplementing mango juice with an agueous extract of ginger (15%, vol/vol) or nutmeg (20%, vol/vol) inhibited the growth of challenge m ... | 1998 | 9709257 |
| reversal of cisplatin-induced delay in gastric emptying in rats by ginger (zingiber officinale). | cisplatin causes nausea, vomiting and inhibition of gastric emptying. we have demonstrated the antiemetic effect of the acetone and ethanolic extract of ginger (zingiber officinale, roscoe, zingiberacae) against cisplatin-induced emesis in dogs. in the present study, the acetone and 50% ethanolic extract of ginger in the doses of 100, 200 and 500 mg/kg (p.o.) and ginger juice, in the doses of 2 and 4 ml/kg, were investigated against cisplatin effect on gastric emptying in rats. all three ginger ... | 1998 | 9720611 |
| molecular mechanisms of chemopreventive effects of selected dietary and medicinal phenolic substances. | recently, considerable attention has been focused on identifying naturally occurring chemopreventive substances capable of inhibiting, retarding, or reversing the multi-stage carcinogenesis. a wide array of phenolic substances, particularly those present in dietary and medicinal plants, have been reported to possess substantial anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic activities. the majority of these naturally occurring phenolics retain antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties which appear to c ... | 1999 | 10518003 |
| effect of active molluscicidal component of spices on different enzyme activities and biogenic amine levels in the nervous tissue of lymnaea acuminata. | in vivo exposure of lymnaea acuminata to thymol and [6]-gingerol (active molluscicidal components of trachyspermum ammi and zingiber officinale, respectively) indicates that they significantly alter acetylcholinesterase, lactic dehydrogenase, succinic dehydrogenase and cyto-oxidase activity in the nervous -tissue of snails. in vitro exposure showed that, except for acetylcholinesterase and lactic dehydrogenase, no significant changes were observed in cyto-oxidase and succinic dehydrogenase activ ... | 1999 | 10594932 |
| effect of different combinations of mgk-264 or piperonyl butoxide with plant-derived molluscicides on snail reproduction. | effect of sublethal treatment (20% and 60% of lc(50)/24 h) of plant-derived molluscicides, viz. polianthes tuberosa, trachyspermum ammi, allium sativum powder; azadirachta indica oil; oleoresin of zingiber officinale; and their active molluscicidal component in combination (1:5) with mgk-264 or piperonyl butoxide on the reproduction of snail lymnaea acuminata have been studied. it was observed that the combination of plant derived molluscicide and their active molluscicidal components, viz. tigo ... | 2000 | 10629280 |
| amino-acid sequence and glycan structures of cysteine proteases with proline specificity from ginger rhizome zingiber officinale. | the ginger proteases (gp-i and gp-ii), isolated from the ginger rhizome zingiber officinale, have an unusual substrate specificity preference for cleaving peptides with a proline residue at the p2 position. the complete amino-acid sequence of gp-ii, a glycoprotein containing 221 amino acids, and about 98% that of gp-i have been determined. both proteases, which are 82% similar, have cysteine residues at positions 27 and histidines at position 161, corresponding to the essential cysteine-histidin ... | 2000 | 10691991 |
| immunostimulant activity of dry fruits and plant materials used in indian traditional medical system for mothers after child birth and invalids. | products of certain plants given to mothers after child birth or to invalids were studied for immunostimulant activity using the macrophage migration index (mmi) as a parameter of macrophage activation and cell-mediated immunity and haemagglutinating antibody (ha) titres and plaque-forming cell (pfc) counts as parameters of humoral immunity. feeding of prunus amygdalus (almond(1)) and buchanania lanzan (chirronji(1)) significantly stimulated both cmi and humoral immunity in balb/c mice as eviden ... | 2000 | 10904150 |
| antidepressant effects of banxia houpu decoction, a traditional chinese medicinal empirical formula. | banxia houpu decoction, having been used for the treatment of depression-related diseases since ancient times, is a traditional chinese medicinal empirical formula consisting of pinellia ternata, poria cocos, magnolia officinalis, perilla frutescens and zingiber officinale. the effects of the total decoction extract and five fractions therefrom, were evaluated in mice by tail suspension and forced swimming tests. the total 90% ethanol extract of the decoction was shown to possess an antidepressa ... | 2000 | 11025166 |
| investigation of the teratogenic potential of a zingiber officinale extract in the rat. | the teratogenicity of ev.ext 33, a patented zingiber officinale extract, was examined in wistar spf rats according to glp guidelines. ev.ext 33 was administered by oral gavage in concentrations of 100, 333, and 1000 mg/kg, to three groups of 22 pregnant female rats from days 6 to 15 of gestation. for comparison, a fourth group received the vehicle, sesame oil. body weight and food and water intake were recorded during the treatment period. the rats were killed on day 21 of gestation and examined ... | 2001 | 11137381 |
| phenolic antioxidants from herbs and spices. | spices and herbs are recognized as sources of natural antioxidants and thus play an important role in the chemoprevention of diseases resulting from lipid peroxidation. our studies on spices and herbs have given us over a hundred compounds, known and new, having high antioxidant activity. from the labiatae family, rosmarinus officinalis, thymus vulgaris, origanum vulgare and o. majorana gave 26 active comopounds. over 40 antioxidative compounds from zingiber officinale, 26 compounds from curcuma ... | 2000 | 11237173 |
| effect of ginger constituents and synthetic analogues on cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme in intact cells. | seventeen pungent oleoresin principles of ginger (zingiber officinale, roscoe) and synthetic analogues were evaluated for inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) enzyme activity in the intact cell. these compounds exhibited a concentration and structure dependent inhibition of the enzyme, with ic(50) values in the range of 1-25 microm. ginger constituents, [8]-paradol and [8]-shogaol, as well as two synthetic analogues, 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)decane and 5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-me ... | 2001 | 11437391 |
| molluscicidal activity of lawsonia inermis and its binary and tertiary combinations with other plant derived molluscicides. | molluscicidal activity of leaf, bark and seed of lawsonia inermis against lymnaea acuminata and indoplanorbis exustus was studied. highest toxicity was observed in the seed of lawsonia inermis. toxicity of binary (1:1) and tertiary (1:1:1) combinations of the essential oil of cedar (cedrus deodara roxh) and neem (azadirachta indica a. juss), powder from bulb of garlic (allium sativum linn), and oleoresin extracted from rhizome of ginger (zingiber officinale rosc) with lawsonia inermis and embeli ... | 2001 | 11495286 |
| gingerols and related analogues inhibit arachidonic acid-induced human platelet serotonin release and aggregation. | gingerols, the active components of ginger (the rhizome of zingiber officinale, roscoe), represent a potential new class of platelet activation inhibitors. in this study, we examined the ability of a series of synthetic gingerols and related phenylalkanol analogues (g1-g7) to inhibit human platelet activation, compared to aspirin, by measuring their effects on arachidonic acid (aa)-induced platelet serotonin release and aggregation in vitro. the ic(50) for inhibition of aa-induced (at ec(50)=0.7 ... | 2001 | 11553371 |
| enhanced maze performance and reduced oxidative stress by combined extracts of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba in the aged rat. | here we assessed the effects of i.g. administration of zingicomb (zc), a mixture of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba extracts, on learning and memory, and on indicators of oxidative stress in aged rats. effects of zc (1 and 10 mg/kg) were investigated in 22-24 months old wistar rats using the morris water maze, in which they show deficient performance as compared to 3 months old rats in the undrugged state (days 1 and 2). treatment was administered on days 3 and 4 of training, then over 7 d ... | 2002 | 11755028 |
| non-destructive nir-ft-raman analyses in practice. part i. analyses of plants and historic textiles. | non-destructive analysis of natural substances in plants as well as of old dyed textiles by raman spectroscopy has not been possible using conventional techniques. exciting lines from the visible part of the spectrum produced photochemical and thermal decomposition of the objects as well as strong fluorescence. using nd:yag laser excitation at 1,064 nm together with a special sample arrangement and interferometric recording, various polyacetylenes in aethusa cynapium and in chamomile (chamomilla ... | 2001 | 11769790 |
| reversal of pyrogallol-induced delay in gastric emptying in rats by ginger (zingiber officinale). | the effects of the acetone extract of ginger (zingiber officinale) was studied against pyrogallol-induced delay in gastric emptying in rats. wistar rats of either sex, weighing between 200-250 g, were used. pyrogallol, at a dose of 100 mg/kg i.p., significantly delayed the gastric emptying of a methyl cellulose meal. one-hour pretreatment with ginger acetone extracts (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg p.o.) reversed the pyrogallol-induced delay in gastric emptying. the effect was significant at doses of 25 ... | 2001 | 11876024 |
| shogaols from zingiber officinale protect imr32 human neuroblastoma and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells from beta-amyloid(25-35) insult. | from the rhizome of zingiber officinale l. (zingiberaceae), four shogaols that protect imr32 human neuroblastoma and normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells from beta-amyloid(25 - 35) insult at ec50 = 4.5 - 81 microm were isolated. the efficacy of cell protection from beta-amyloid(25 - 35) insult by these shogaols was shown to improve as the length of the side chain increases. | 2002 | 11988870 |
| structure-antiemetic-activity of some diarylheptanoids and their analogues. | the structure-activity relationship of diarylheptanoids and their analogues inhibitory of emesis induced by copper sulfate in young chicks was investigated by testing 19 compounds. the compounds are 5 diarylheptanoids isolated from alpinia katsumadai (zingiberacea), 5 chemical derivatives of them, 6 analogues isolated from zingiber officinale rhizome (zingiberaceae), and 3 analogues available on the market. among them, two types of essential functional structure of diarylheptanoids and their ana ... | 2002 | 11995948 |
| metabolism of [6]-gingerol in rats. | the metabolic fate of [6]-gingerol, one of the active constituents of zingiber officinale roscoe, was investigated using rats. the bile of rats orally administered [6]-gingerol was shown to contain a major metabolite (1) by hplc analysis. although the metabolites derived from [6]-gingerol were not detected in the urine, the ethyl acetate extract of the urine after enzymatic hydrolysis was shown to contain six minor metabolites (2-7). their structures were determined to be (s)-[6]-gingerol-4'-o-b ... | 2002 | 12002808 |
| anti-tumor promoting potential of selected spice ingredients with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities: a short review. | a wide variety of phenolic substances derived from spice possess potent antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic activities. examples are curcumin, a yellow colouring agent, contained in turmeric (curcuma longa l., zingiberaceae), [6]-gingerol, a pungent ingredient present in ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe, zingiberaceae) and capsaicin, a principal pungent principle of hot chili pepper (capsicum annuum l, solanaceae). the chemopreventive effects exerted by these phytochemicals are often associated ... | 2002 | 12067569 |
| enhanced conditioned inhibitory avoidance by a combined extract of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba. | previous work has shown that intragastric administration of zingicomb, a preparation consisting of zingiber officinale and ginkgo biloba extracts, has anxiolytic-like properties. the aim of the present study was to assess the effects of acute treatment with this preparation on inhibitory avoidance learning. the influence of pre-trial administered zingicomb (zc) on inhibitory avoidance conditioning was investigated in adult male wistar rats, with a one-trial step-through avoidance task. the anima ... | 2002 | 12112284 |
| in vitro and in vivo studies on the bioactivity of a ginger (zingiber officinale) extract towards adult schistosomes and their egg production. | the bioactivity of an ethyl acetate extract of ginger (zingiber officinale) towards schistosoma mansoni adult pairs, both cultured in vitro and in vivo in laboratory mice, was investigated by monitoring worm mortality and fecundity. in vitro, a concentration of 200 mg l(-1) of extract killed almost all worms within 24 h. male worms seemed more susceptible than female under these conditions. cumulative egg output of surviving worm pairs in vitro was considerably reduced when exposed to the extrac ... | 2002 | 12363378 |
| component of zingiber officinale that improves the enhancement of small intestinal transport. | 6-shogaol, a constituent of zingiber officinale, improved carbachol-induced accelerated small intestinal transit in vivo, as well as improving longitudinal muscle contraction induced by low-frequency electrical stimulation of the isolated guinea pig small intestine in vitro. in addition, 6-shogaol ameliorated bacl(2) -induced hyperperistalsis of the small intestine in vivo. | 2002 | 12391562 |
| anxiolytic and antiemetic activity of zingiber officinale. | the benzene fraction (bf) of a petroleum ether extract of dried rhizomes of ginger, which contained anticonvulsant principle(s), was screened for anxiolytic and antiemetic activity. motor coordination was not affected by bf per se, but diazepam-induced motor incoordination was potentiated. animals treated with bf showed decreased occupancy in the closed arm of the elevated plus maze suggesting the presence of anxiolytic principles in the bf. bf also blocked lithium sulphate-induced conditioned p ... | 2002 | 12410541 |
| antibacterial activity of extracts from some edible plants commonly consumed in asia. | extracts of edible plants (26 species) from china, japan, thailand and yemen were screened for their antibacterial activity against bacillus cereus, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli and salmonella infantis. buffered methanol (80% methanol and 20% pbs) and acetone extracted inhibitory substances against tested bacteria from 16 plants, as revealed by the disc assay. the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of extracts determined by the agar dilution method ranged ... | 2003 | 12423924 |
| the use of ginger (zingiber officinale rosc.) as a potential anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic agent. | the effect of an aqueous extract of ginger (zingiber officinale) on serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels as well as platelet thromboxane-b(2) and prostaglandin-e(2) production was examined. a raw aqueous extract of ginger was administered daily for a period of 4 weeks, either orally or intraperitoneally (ip) to rats. fasting blood serum was investigated for thromboxane-b(2), prostaglandin-e(2), cholesterol and triglycerides. a low dose of ginger (50 mg/kg) administered either orally or ip d ... | 2002 | 12468270 |
| comparative evaluation of hypoglycaemic activity of some indian medicinal plants in alloxan diabetic rats. | in our experiments 30 hypoglycaemic medicinal plants (known and less known) have been selected for thorough studies from indigenous folk medicines, ayurvedic, unani and siddha systems of medicines. in all the experiments with different herbal samples (vacuum dried 95% ethanolic extracts), definite blood glucose lowering effect within 2 weeks have been confirmed in alloxan diabetic albino rats. blood glucose values are brought down close to normal fasting level using herbal samples at a dose of 2 ... | 2003 | 12499084 |
| evaluation of androgenic activity of zingiber officinale and pentadiplandra brazzeana in male rats. | aqueous extracts of zingiber officinale and pentadiplandra brazzeana were tested for their possible androgenic activity in male wistar rats. | 2002 | 12508133 |
| inhibition of human pathogenic fungi by ethnobotanically selected plant extracts. | in this study, 36 extracts derived from 29 plant species selected using an ethnobotanical approach were tested for antifungal activity against a taxonomically diverse group of 13 human pathogenic fungi. we compared the inhibitory characteristics of these plant extracts with those of the commonly used antifungals, amphotericin b and ketoconazole, and the plant-derived antifungal, berberine. several plant extracts, notably those from zingiber officinale (ginger) and juglans cinerea (butternut), ha ... | 2003 | 12588480 |
| antibacterial effect of zingiber officinale and garcinia kola on respiratory tract pathogens. | to investigate the antibacterial activity of zingiber officinale (ginger) garcinia kola (bitter kola) on four respiratory tract pathogens. | 2002 | 12630492 |
| functional properties of spice extracts obtained via supercritical fluid extraction. | in the present study the antioxidant, anticancer, and antimycobacterial activities of extracts from ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe), rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis l.), and turmeric (curcuma longa l.) were evaluated. the extracts were obtained using supercritical co(2) with and without ethanol and/or isopropyl alcohol as cosolvent. the extracts' antioxidant power was assessed using the reaction between beta-carotene and linolenic acid, the antimycobacterial activity against m. tuberculosis ... | 2003 | 12696930 |
| [effect of zingiber officinalerosc on lipid peroxidation in hyperlipidemia rats]. | zingiber officinale rosc(ginger) is the food of rhizoma species as well as chinese traditional medicine and has various pharmacological effects. the last researches showed that ginger not only reduced plasma lipid levels but also the mouse atherosclerotic lesion areas. the ginger antioxidative effect maybe pay an important role in attenuation of development of atherosclerosis. antioxidative effect of zingiber officinale rosc on hyperlipidemia rats have been studied and the changes of gsh-px and ... | 2003 | 12731279 |
| anti-inflammatory effect of the hydralcoholic extract of zingiber officinale rhizomes on rat paw and skin edema. | plant extracts have been used for centuries as a popular mode of treatment for several health disorders. over the last ten years, the study of those extracts has attracted attention in different fields of the biological sciences. ginger, the rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe (zingiberaceae), is a commom constituent of diet worldwide and it has been reported that its extracts present some pharmacological activities. here we investigate the effects of the crude hydralcoholic extract of ginger ... | 2003 | 12834002 |
| some medicinal plants as immunostimulant for fish. | immunostimulant effects of the dietary intake of various medicinal plant extracts on fish, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), were investigated. for this purpose fish were fed with diets containing aqueous extracts of mistletoe (viscum album), nettle (urtica dioica), and ginger (zingiber officinale). food containing lyophilized extracts of these plants as 0.1 and 1% was used at a rate of 2% of body weight per day for three weeks. at the end of the experimental period, various parameters of non ... | 2003 | 12902058 |
| bioassay-guided isolation and identification of antifungal compounds from ginger. | a bioassay-guided isolation of antifungal compounds from an african land race of ginger, zingiber officinale roscoe, led to the identification of [6], [8] and [10]-gingerols and [6]-gingerdiol as the main antifungal principles. the compounds were active against 13 human pathogens at concentrations of <1 mg/ml. the gingerol content of the african land race was at least 3 x higher than that of typical commercial cultivars of ginger. therefore, ginger extracts standardized on the basis of the ident ... | 2003 | 13680820 |
| effects of diet, ginger root oil, and elevation on the mating competitiveness of male mediterranean fruit flies (diptera: tephritidae) from a mass-reared, genetic sexing strain in guatemala. | the release of sterile males is a key component of an areawide program to eradicate the mediterranean fruit fly, ceratitis capitata (wiedemann), from guatemala and southern mexico. the objective of our study was to assess the effects of adult diet, exposure to ginger root oil (zingiber officinale roscoe), and elevation on the mating competitiveness of the sterile males used in an areawide program. sterile males were maintained on a protein-sugar (protein-fed) or a sugar-only (protein-deprived) d ... | 2003 | 14503584 |
| influence of ginger rhizome (zingiber officinale rosc) on survival, glutathione and lipid peroxidation in mice after whole-body exposure to gamma radiation. | the radioprotective effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of ginger rhizome, zingiber officinale (zoe), was studied. mice were given 10 mg/kg zoe intraperitoneally once daily for five consecutive days before exposure to 6-12 gy of gamma radiation and were monitored daily up to 30 days postirradiation for the development of symptoms of radiation sickness and mortality. pretreatment of mice with zoe reduced the severity of radiation sickness and the mortality at all doses. the zoe treatment protect ... | 2003 | 14565823 |
| [6]-gingerol inhibits nitric oxide synthesis in activated j774.1 mouse macrophages and prevents peroxynitrite-induced oxidation and nitration reactions. | reactive nitrogen species (rns), such as nitric oxide (no) and its derivatives, e.g. peroxynitrite (onoo-), have been proposed as being able to influence signal transduction and cause dna damage, contributing to carcinogenic processes. in this study, the effect of [6]-gingerol, a pungent phenolic compound present in ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe), on no synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-activated j774.1 macrophages was tested, and the protective ability of this compound against peroxyni ... | 2003 | 14572883 |
| ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe) and the gingerols inhibit the growth of cag a+ strains of helicobacter pylori. | ginger root (zingiber officinale) has been used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal ailments such as motion sickness, dyspepsia and hyperemesis gravidarum, and is also reported to have chemopreventative activity in animal models. the gingerols are a group of structurally related polyphenolic compounds isolated from ginger and known to be the active constituents. since helicobacter pylori (hp) is the primary etiological agent associated with dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease and the ... | 2003 | 14666666 |
| effective anti-platelet and cox-1 enzyme inhibitors from pungent constituents of ginger. | based on recent studies, pungent constituents of ginger (zingiber officinale) and related substances represent a potential new class of anti-platelet agents. the ability of 20 pungent constituents of ginger and related substances to inhibit arachidonic acid (aa) induced platelet activation in human whole blood was studied. | 2003 | 14693173 |
| mast cell stabilization, lipoxygenase inhibition, hyaluronidase inhibition, antihistaminic and antispasmodic activities of aller-7, a novel botanical formulation for allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, rose fever or summer catarrh, is a major challenge to health professionals. a large number of the world's population, including approximately 40 million americans, suffers from allergic rhinitis. a novel, botanical formulation (aller-7) has been developed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis using a combination of extracts from seven medicinal plants, including phyllanthus emblica, terminalia chebula, t. bellerica, albizia lebbeck, piper nigrum, zing ... | 2003 | 14708456 |
| effects of ginger (zingiber officinale rosc.) on decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators in sow osteoarthrotic cartilage explants. | the herbal remedy zingiber officinale (ginger root) has been used for perhaps thousands of years in the far east to treat inflammatory diseases, including osteoarthritis. however, the anti-arthritic effect of ginger root has never been evaluated on osteoarthrotic cartilage of sow. the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger root extract (gre) on the viability and the production of nitric oxide (no) and prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) by sow osteoarthrotic cartilage explants. ... | 2003 | 14977440 |
| anti-diabetic activity of zingiber officinale in streptozotocin-induced type i diabetic rats. | the fresh and dried rhizome of zingiber officinale roscoe (commonly known as ginger) is widely used in traditional medicine. we have studied the effect of the juice of z. officinale (4 ml kg(-1), p.o. daily) for 6 weeks on streptozotocin (stz)-induced type i diabetic rats with particular reference to the involvement of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-ht) receptors in glycaemic control. in normoglycaemic rats, 5-ht (1mg kg(-1), i.p.) produced hyperglycaemia and hypoinsulinaemia, which was signi ... | 2004 | 14980006 |
| comparative effects of some local food condiments on sodium arsenite-induced clastogenicity. | the modulatory effects of the aqueous extracts of some locally consumed food condiments namely garlic (allium sativum), ginger (zingiber officinale), sconio (pimpinella anisumm linne) and cloves (syzygium aromaticum) on the clastogenic effects of sodium arsenite, a known inorganic clastogen were assessed in mouse bone marrow cells using the micronucleus assay method. results of preliminary investigation of the clastogenicity of the condiments show that aqueous extracts of these condiments have v ... | 2003 | 15030071 |
| inhibitory effect of ginger (zingiber officinale) on rat ileal motility in vitro. | ginger (zingiber officinale rhizome) is a widespread herbal medicine mainly used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, including dyspepsia, nausea and diarrhoea. in the present study we evaluated the effect of this herbal remedy on the contractions induced by electrical stimulation (efs) or acetylcholine in the isolated rat ileum. ginger (0.01-1000 microg/ml) inhibited both efs- and acetylcholine-evoked contractions, being more potent in inhibiting the contractions induced by efs. the ... | 2004 | 15050426 |
| pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies on interaction of "trikatu" with diclofenac sodium. | "trikatu"-an ayurvedic formulation comprising of a 1:1:1 ratio of dried fruits of piper nigrum, piper longum and dried rhizomes of zingiber officinale is widely used to enhance the bioavailability of drugs, like vasicine, indomethacin, etc. the enhanced biological response might lead to alteration of therapeutic regimens of commonly prescribed drugs. the present work was aimed to study the effect of concomitant administration of trikatu on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of diclofenac ... | 2004 | 15120451 |
| immunomodulatory and antimicrobial effects of some traditional chinese medicinal herbs: a review. | the current practice of ingesting phytochemicals to support the immune system or to fight infections is based on centuries-old tradition. we review reports on seven chinese herbs, (aloe vera mill. (aloaceae), angelica species (umbelliferae), astragalus membranaceus bunge. (leguminosae), ganoderma lucidum (fr.) karst. (ganodermataceae), panax ginseng c.a mey. (araliaceae), scutellaria species (lamiaceae) and zingiber officinale rosc. (zingiberaceae) with emphasis to their immunomodulatory and ant ... | 2004 | 15180575 |
| evaluation of five essential oils from aromatic plants of cameroon for controlling food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi. | five essential oils (eo) extracted from cymbopogon citratus, monodora myristica, ocimum gratissimum, thymus vulgaris and zingiber officinale were investigated for their inhibitory effect against three food spoilage and mycotoxin producing fungi, fusarium moniliforme, aspergillus flavus and aspergillus fumigatus. five strains of each fungus were tested. the agar dilution technique was used to determine the inhibitory effect of each eo on the radial growth of the fungus, and a dose response was re ... | 2004 | 15246244 |
| effect of herbal molluscicides and their combinations on the reproduction of the snail lymnaea acuminata. | effects of sublethal treatment (20 and 60% of lc50/24 h) of the plant-derived molluscicides annona squamosa linn. and lawsonia inermis linn. and their combinations with other herbal molluscicides, such as cedrus deodara roxb, azadirachta indica a. juss, bulb powder of allium sativum linn. and polianthes tuberosa linn., and oleoresin of zingiber officinale rosc., and acetogenins extracted from the seeds of a. squamosa linn., on the reproduction of the snail lymnaea acuminata have been studied. it ... | 2004 | 15253044 |
| protective effect of ginger, zingiber officinale rosc on experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits. | the effects of air dried ginger powder (0.1g/kg body weight, po, for 75 days) were studied on experimentally induced atherosclerosis in rabbits by cholesterol feeding (0.3g/kg body weight, po). cholesterol feeding for 75 days lead to distinct development of atheroma in the aorta and coronary arteriesof the rabbits and this was significantly inhibited by about 50% following ginger administration. there was distinct decrease in lipid peroxidation and enhancement of fibrinolytic activity in ginger ... | 2004 | 15339040 |
| use of sucrose-agar globule with root exudates for mass production of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | a sucrose-agar globule (sag) was newly introduced to increase production of the vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal (vam) fungal spores, gigaspora gigantea and glomus fasciculatum. an sag inoculum and a sucrose-agar globule with root exudates (sage) inoculum were prepared, and their spore productions were compared with a soil inoculum. when the sage was used as the inoculum on sucrose-agar medium plates the number of spores was increased (35% more than the soil inoculum). after the soil inoculum an ... | 2004 | 15357295 |
| antioxidant properties of aller-7, a novel polyherbal formulation for allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis, a frequently occurring immunological disorder affecting men, women and children worldwide, is a state of hypersensitivity that occurs when the body overreacts to a substance such as pollen, mold, mites or dust. allergic rhinitis exerts inflammatory response and irritation of the nasal mucosal membranes leading to sneezing; stuffy/runny nose; nasal congestion; and itchy, watery and swollen eyes. a novel, safe polyherbal formulation (aller-7/nr-a2) has been developed for the tre ... | 2004 | 15366786 |
| five essential oils from aromatic plants of cameroon: their antibacterial activity and ability to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane of listeria innocua examined by flow cytometry. | to investigate the antibacterial effect of five essential oils (eo) extracted from aromatic plants (cymbopogon citratus, ocimumbasilicum, ocimum gratissimum, thymus vulgaris and zingiber officinale) of cameroon against strains of listeria monocytogenes, l. innocua and staphylococcus aureus. the ability of selected eo to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane of l. innocua was also examined. | 2004 | 15482428 |
| antimicrobial activity of ultrasound-assisted solvent-extracted spices. | the objective of this research was to determine the antimicrobial activity of conventional and high-intensity ultrasound-assisted (hi-us) solvent-extracted thai spices, including ginger (zingiber officinale rose), fingerroot (bosenbergia pandurata holtt) and turmeric (curouma longa linn). | 2004 | 15482429 |
| anti-inflammatory activities of aller-7, a novel polyherbal formulation for allergic rhinitis. | allergic rhinitis is an immunological disorder and an inflammatory response of nasal mucosal membranes. allergic rhinitis, a state of hypersensitivity, occurs when the body overreacts to a substance such as pollens or dust. a novel, safe polyherbal formulation (aller-7/nr-a2) has been developed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis using a unique combination of extracts from seven medicinal plants including phyllanthus emblica, terminalia chebula, terminalia bellerica, albizia lebbeck, piper ni ... | 2004 | 15573692 |
| ginger lowers blood pressure through blockade of voltage-dependent calcium channels. | ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe), a well-known spice plant, has been used traditionally in a wide variety of ailments including hypertension. we report here the cardiovascular effects of ginger under controlled experimental conditions. the crude extract of ginger (zo.cr) induced a dose-dependent (0.3-3 mg/kg) fall in the arterial blood pressure of anesthetized rats. in guinea pig paired atria, zo.cr exhibited a cardiodepressant activity on the rate and force of spontaneous contractions. in ra ... | 2005 | 15613983 |
| inhibitory effects of [6]-gingerol on pma-induced cox-2 expression and activation of nf-kappab and p38 mapk in mouse skin. | [6]-gingerol, a major pungent ingredient of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe, zingiberaceae), has a wide array of pharmacologic effects. previous studies have demonstrated that [6]-gingerol inhibits mouse skin tumor promotion and anchorage-independent growth of cultured mouse epidermal cells stimulated with epidermal growth factor. cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), a key enzyme in the prostaglandin biosynthesis, has been recognized as a molecular target for many anti-inflammatory as well as chemopreve ... | 2004 | 15630166 |
| ginger extract inhibits beta-amyloid peptide-induced cytokine and chemokine expression in cultured thp-1 monocytes. | neuritic plaques, a neuropathologic hallmark of alzheimer's disease, are extracellular deposits of beta-amyloid peptides (abeta). in the central nervous system neuritic plaques are surrounded by activated microglial cells expressing proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and neurotoxic mediators. long-term activation of microglial cells is suspected to contribute to the neuron loss in alzheimer's disease. | 2004 | 15673995 |
| [antiobesity actions of zingiber officinale roscoe]. | zingiber officinale roscoe has been used as a folk medicine in china. an aqueous extract of z. officinale roscoe inhibited the hydrolysis of triolein emulsified with phosphatidylcholine by pancreatic lipase in vitro and it reduced the elevation of rat plasma triacylglycerol levels 1 and 2 h after oral administration of a lipid emulsion containing corn oil. these results suggest that the aqueous extract of z. officinale roscoe might inhibit the intestinal absorption of dietary fat by inhibiting i ... | 2005 | 15684576 |
| platelet-activating factor (paf) receptor-binding antagonist activity of malaysian medicinal plants. | forty-nine methanol extracts of 37 species of malaysian medicinal plants were investigated for their inhibitory effects on platelet-activating factor (paf) binding to rabbit platelets, using 3h-paf as a ligand. among them, the extracts of six zingiberaceae species (alpinia galanga swartz., boesenbergia pandurata roxb., curcuma ochorrhiza val., c. aeruginosa roxb., zingiber officinale rosc. and z. zerumbet koenig.), two cinnamomum species (c. altissimum kosterm. and c. pubescens kochummen.), goni ... | 2005 | 15693713 |
| effect of ethanolic extract of zingiber officinale on dyslipidaemia in diabetic rats. | the lipid lowering and antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of zingiber officinale roscoe (family, zingiberaceae) was evaluated in streptozotocin (stz)-induced diabetes in rats. ethanolic extract of zingiber officinale (200 mg/kg) fed orally for 20 days produced, significant antihyperglycaemic effect (p < 0.01) in diabetic rats. further, the extract treatment also lowered serum total cholesterol, triglycerides and increased the hdl-cholesterol levels when compared with pathogenic diabetic ... | 2005 | 15707757 |
| [6]-gingerol inhibits cox-2 expression by blocking the activation of p38 map kinase and nf-kappab in phorbol ester-stimulated mouse skin. | [6]-gingerol, a pungent ingredient of ginger (zingiber officinale roscoe, zingiberaceae), has a wide array of pharmacologic effects. the present study was aimed at unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying previously reported antitumor promoting effects of [6]-gingerol in mouse skin in vivo. one of the well-recognized molecular targets for chemoprevention is cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) that is abnormally upregulated in many premalignant and malignant tissues and cells. in our present study, to ... | 2005 | 15735738 |
| effect of an indigenous herbal compound preparation 'trikatu' on the lipid profiles of atherogenic diet and standard diet fed rattus norvegicus. | combating heart disease is one of the challenging problems of biomedical science today. towards this goal an indigenous preparation 'trikatu' (a herbal combination containing piper longum (fruit), piper nigrum (fruit) and zingiber officinale (rhizome) dry powder) was fed to normal and cholesterol fed male rattus norvegicus to ascertain its efficacy as a hypolipidaemic agent. its effects on body weight, blood and tissue (aortic, cardiac and hepatic) lipids--total, free and esterified cholesterol, ... | 2004 | 15742354 |
| ginger extract components suppress induction of chemokine expression in human synoviocytes. | ginger has a long history of medicinal use, particularly as an anti-inflammatory agent for a wide variety of diseases such as arthritis. suppression of inflammation in arthritis is attributed to suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines produced by synoviocytes, chondrocytes, and leukocytes. | 2005 | 15750374 |
| mycotoxin production and postharvest storage rot of ginger (zingiber officinale) by penicillium brevicompactum. | twenty naturally infected ginger (zingiber officinale) rhizomes displaying visible mold growth were examined to identify the fungi and to evaluate the presence of fungal secondary metabolites. penicillium brevicompactum was the predominant species isolated from 85% of the samples. mycophenolic acid was identified from corresponding tissue extracts. because mycophenolic acid is a potent immunosuppressant and synergistic mycotoxicosis studies involving human consumption have not been carried out o ... | 2005 | 15771190 |
| clinical toxicology study of an herbal medicinal extract of paullinia cupana, trichilia catigua, ptychopetalum olacoides and zingiber officinale (catuama) in healthy volunteers. | in brazil, a herbal medicinal extract named catuama containing a mixture of paullinia cupana (guarana; sapindaceae), trichilia catigua (catuaba; meliaceae), ptychopetalum olacoides (muirapuama; olacaceae) and zingiber officinale (ginger; zingiberaceae) is used as a body stimulant, energetic, tonic and aphrodisiac. the present study investigated the chronic administration of 25 ml catuama twice a day during 28 days for any toxic effect on healthy human volunteers of both sexes. no severe adverse ... | 2005 | 15798997 |