| biting behavior and seasonal variation in the abundance of anopheles minimus species a and c in thailand. | we measured the seasonal abundance and bloodfeeding behavior of species a and c of the mosquito anopheles minimus theobald 1901 in an endemic malarious area of western thailand. an. minimus s.l. is a major vector of human malarial and filarial parasites in southeast asia. mosquitos were collected once a month for one year using four collection methods: human-baiting indoors, human-baiting outdoors, human-baiting in the forest, and cow-baiting. we found that both species a and c tend to feed from ... | 2002 | 12757212 |
| use of a remote sensing-based geographic information system in the characterizing spatial patterns for anopheles minimus a and c breeding habitats in western thailand. | a remote sensing (rs)-based geographic information system (gis) was used to characterize the breeding habitats of anopheles minimus species a and c in five different districts of kanchanaburi province in western thailand. the gis and rs were used to monitor the area for the presence and absence of an. minimus a and c in five major land areas, forest, agriculture, urban, water and bare land. the results show that an. minimus a survives both in dense canopy forest and in open fields where agricult ... | 2005 | 16438139 |
| differentiation of anopheles minimus species complex by rapd-pcr technique. | amplification of random regions of genomic dna using 10-base primers in the random-amplified polymorphic dna polymerase chain reaction (rapd-pcr) was used to differentiate anopheles minimus a and an. minimus c. genomic dna was extracted from individual mosquitoes of an. minimus a and an. minimus c and amplified in pcr reactions using single primers of arbitrary nucleotide sequence. fifteen different commercially available primers (operon oligonucleotides kit m from operon technologies, inc.), si ... | 1997 | 9347674 |
| establishment of a stenogamous colony of anopheles minimus species a. | | 1997 | 9425372 |
| a non-lethal, autosomal, recessive, melanotic mutant of anopheles minimus species a. | | 1999 | 10715706 |
| selection for pyrethroid resistance in a colony of anopheles minimus species a, a malaria vector in thailand. | this study tested susceptibilities of anopheles minimus mosquitoes to deltamethrin during each of 19 generations (although technical problems excluded selective pressure experiments during generations 11-13). the ultimate goal was to establish a pyrethroid resistant colony of this important malaria vector in thailand. resistance was selected for by exposing, using the world health organization test protocol, sequential generations of an. minimus females to ld50 and lt50 values of deltamethrin. t ... | 2002 | 12546458 |
| [comparison of pcr and isoenzyme analysis in identification of anopheles minimus a and c]. | to compare the pcr and isoenzyme methods in identification of anopheles minimus a and c. | 2005 | 16042169 |
| long-lasting insecticidal hammocks for controlling forest malaria: a community-based trial in a rural area of central vietnam. | in vietnam, malaria remains a problem in some remote areas located along its international borders and in the central highlands, partly due to the bionomics of the local vector, mainly found in forested areas and less vulnerable to standard control measures. long lasting insecticidal hammocks (llih), a tailored and user-friendly tool for forest workers, may further contribute in reducing the malaria burden. their effectiveness was tested in a large community-based intervention trial carried out ... | 2009 | 19809502 |
| [an investigation on malaria vectors in western part of china-myanmar border]. | to reveal the distribution and composition of malaria-transmitting vectors on the western part of china-myanmar border. | 2011 | 21826902 |
| low perception of malaria risk among the ra-glai ethnic minority in south-central vietnam: implications for forest malaria control. | despite vietnam's success in reducing malaria mortality and morbidity over the last decade, malaria persists in the forested and mountainous areas of the central and southern provinces, where more than 50% of the clinical cases and 90% of severe cases and malaria deaths occur. | 2010 | 20089152 |
| rapid decrease of malaria morbidity following the introduction of community-based monitoring in a rural area of central vietnam. | despite a successful control programme, malaria has not completely disappeared in vietnam; it remains endemic in remote areas of central vietnam, where standard control activities seem to be less effective. the evolution of malaria prevalence and incidence over two and half years in a rural area of central vietnam, after the introduction of community-based monitoring of malaria cases, is presented. | 2009 | 19123932 |
| identification of anopheles minimus complex and related species in vietnam. | anopheles minimus a and c and several closely related species of mosquitoes have been identified in vietnam, where some have been implicated in malaria transmission. morphological variation within and between anopheles minimus a and c makes identification using alpha taxonomy difficult and several molecular techniques have been developed to separate them. however the difficulties of applying these techniques and the benefits of morphological identification in the field have seen morphological ch ... | 2008 | 19058576 |
| deployment of early diagnosis and mefloquine-artesunate treatment of falciparum malaria in thailand: the tak malaria initiative. | early diagnosis and treatment with artesunate-mefloquine combination therapy (mas) have reduced the transmission of falciparum malaria dramatically and halted the progression of mefloquine resistance in camps for displaced persons along the thai-burmese border, an area of low and seasonal transmission of multidrug-resistant plasmodium falciparum. we extended the same combination drug strategy to all other communities (estimated population 450,000) living in five border districts of tak province ... | 2006 | 16719547 |
| geographical distribution of anopheles minimus species a and c in western thailand. | elucidating vector distribution based on an accurate species identification is important to understanding the nature of the species complex in order to achieve vector control. morphologically, an. minimus s.l. is difficult to distinguish from both its species complex and its closely related species. a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) technique and a single multiplex-allele specific pcr developed for species identification were applied in this study in ... | 2005 | 16599156 |
| epidemiology of forest malaria in central vietnam: a large scale cross-sectional survey. | in vietnam, a large proportion of all malaria cases and deaths occurs in the central mountainous and forested part of the country. indeed, forest malaria, despite intensive control activities, is still a major problem which raises several questions about its dynamics.a large-scale malaria morbidity survey to measure malaria endemicity and identify important risk factors was carried out in 43 villages situated in a forested area of ninh thuan province, south central vietnam. four thousand three h ... | 2005 | 16336671 |
| [comparative study on the resting habit of anopheles minimus a and anopheles minimus c in yunnan province]. | to compare the difference of resting habitat between anopheles minimus a and an. minimus c in yunnan province. | 2005 | 16300003 |
| morphological variations of anopheles minimus a in tak province, thailand. | anopheles minimus theobald is one of the major vectors of malaria throughout the oriental region, and it's complex consists of at least 2 sibling species (a and c) in thailand. this study aimed to determine the morphological variations of wings of an. minimus a and to clarify the specific status of an. minimus in ban khun huay, ban pa dae, and ban tham seau, mae sot district, tak province, thailand. anopheline larvae were collected from the fields between october 2002 and september 2003, allowed ... | 2005 | 16124426 |
| behavioral responses to ddt and pyrethroids between anopheles minimus species a and c, malaria vectors in thailand. | behavioral responses of two field populations of anopheles minimus complex species a and c for contact and non-contact actions of chemicals were compared during and after exposure to operational field concentrations of ddt (2 g/m2), deltamethrin (0.02 g/m2), and lambdacyhalothrin (0.03 g/m2) using an excito-repellency escape chamber. the two populations were collected from the mae sot district in tak province (species a) and the tri yok district in kanchanaburi province (species c) in western th ... | 2005 | 16103601 |
| cytochrome p450 genes: molecular cloning and overexpression in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of anopheles minimus mosquito. | we previously determined that physiological resistance in a laboratory-selected pyrethroid-resistant anopheles minimus species a theobald mosquito is associated with increased detoxification via a p450-mediated mechanism. a cyp6 gene, cyp6aa3, was subsequently cloned and found overexpressed in 2 resistant mosquito generations (f13 and f19). we report herein the cloning of cyp6p7 and cyp6p8 genes with full coding sequences from the same an. minimus mosquito colony strain. cyp6p7 and cyp6p8 encode ... | 2005 | 15825765 |
| malaria transmission and major malaria vectors in different geographical areas of southeast asia. | during the last decade, major progress in malaria control has been achieved in vietnam, laos and cambodia. however, malaria is still a potentially fatal disease in some hilly-forested areas and continues to be endemic in a few coastal foci. to estimate the risk that stems from the major vectors after a decade of intensive malaria control, an entomological study based on human landing collections was conducted between april 1998 and november 2000 in six study villages (four in vietnam, one in cam ... | 2004 | 15040560 |
| population genetic structure of the malaria vector anopheles minimus a in vietnam. | anopheles minimus a, a major malaria vector in southeast asia, is the main target of vector control in this area. the impact of these control measures can be influenced by the population structure of the target species. in rural areas, an. minimus breeds along the banks of small clear-water streams, yet in the suburbs of hanoi, northern vietnam, there is an an. minimus population whose immature stages develop in water tanks. this study uses allozyme data (1) to assess the population structure of ... | 2003 | 14576742 |
| biochemical detection of pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in anopheles minimus in thailand. | enzyme-based metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance were investigated, comparing a deltamethrin-susceptible parent stock and resistant colonies of anopheles minimus species a using biochemical assays. the control parent colony was determined susceptible to the diagnostic lethal concentration of deltamethrin (0.05%), whereas the 6 resistant test populations at selected 4, 8, 12, 14, 16, and 18 filial generations (f4, f8, f12, f16, and f18) demonstrated varying levels of tolerance/resistan ... | 2003 | 12831135 |
| presence of anopheles culicifacies b in cambodia established by the pcr-rflp assay developed for the identification of anopheles minimus species a and c and four related species. | a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay developed for identification of five species of the anopheles minimus theobald group and a related mosquito species of the myzomyia series (diptera: culicidae) was applied to morphologically identified adult female specimens collected in ratanakiri province, north-eastern cambodia. in addition to finding an. aconitus dönitz, an. minimus species a and an. pampanai büttiker & beales, some specimens showed a new r ... | 2002 | 12243235 |
| correlation of glutathione s-transferase and ddt dehydrochlorinase activities with ddt susceptibility in anopheles and culex mosquitos from northern thailand. | comparative ddt-susceptibility status as well as glutathione s-transferase activity and ddtase activity of anopheles minimus (a). an. annularis and culex quinquefasciatus were investigated to ascertain the role of these enzymes in ddt-resistance. the standard who susceptibility test kits was used to discriminate between resistant and susceptible populations. gst activity was measured in microtiter plates whereas ddtase activity was determined by hplc quantitation of ddt metabolites. this is the ... | 2000 | 11414439 |
| entomological and epidemiological investigations of malaria transmission in relation to population movements in forest areas of north-west thailand. | transmission of forest-related malaria was observed entomologically and epidemiologically for 2 transmission seasons in 1990 and 1991 in 5 villages of mae sariang district, mae hong son province, north-west thailand. the entomological study included collections of mosquitos and determination of infection rate by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the residential villages and the farm huts. the epidemiological study included fortnightly visits to 30% of the households to interview and rec ... | 1998 | 9740259 |
| larval habitats of malaria vectors and other anopheles mosquitoes around a transmission focus in northwestern thailand. | we sampled 199 bodies of water for anopheles larvae around a malaria-endemic village near mae sot, thailand, over 2 years. anopheles dirus species a and d occurred in 54 small, well-shaded, stream and temporary ground pools. the larval habitat of species d is reported for the first time. anopheles minimus species a occurred in 8 samples from slow-moving streams, in 8 from rice fields, and in 2 from ground pools. anopheles pseudowillmori occurred in one sample from a ground pool, in 3 from stream ... | 1995 | 8825502 |