| isolation of a herpesvirus from an american kestrel with inclusion body disease. | a herpesvirus was isolated from the liver of a captive-bred american kestrel (falco sparverius) which had died of inclusion body disease. initial isolation was achieved in chicken embryo fibroblasts after three blind passages. cell-adapted virus produced a distinct rounding of cef cells within 24 to 48 h. biologic and serologic tests suggested that the kestrel virus is similar to falcon herpesvirus and pigeon herpesvirus and is at least partially related to owl herpesvirus. however, serologic te ... | 1979 | 222917 |
| observation of pigeon herpesvirus 1 re-excretion during the reproduction period in conventionally reared homing pigeons. | pigeon herpesvirus 1 (phv1) re-excretion by latently infected mature homing pigeons was followed during the reproduction period under natural conditions. all latently infected pigeons re-excreted phv1 during the reproduction period and most of them during squab-gorging. | 1985 | 2982927 |
| pigeon herpesvirus: inclusion body hepatitis in a free-ranging pigeon. | an adult male pigeon (columba livia) was presented to the wildlife service at the university of pennsylvania school of veterinary medicine for depression, cachexia, and diarrhea. five days after the initial presentation, the bird died and was necropsied. gross lesions included opaque air sacs and multiple 1-mm yellow-white foci on the epicardial surface of the heart. histopathologic lesions included a pericarditis, epicarditis, and multifocal hepatic necrosis accompanied by eosinophilic inclusio ... | 1986 | 3015118 |
| [virus carriers: analysis of states of equilibrium between the virus and its host]. | the various mechanisms of virus persistence are described. four kinds of virus persistence are presented, depending on their epidemiological significance, persistence associated with continuous multiplication and transmission (feline calicivirus, calf rotavirus); persistence associated with continuous multiplication but discontinuous transmission (equine infectious anemia retrovirus); persistence with continuous multiplication associated with immunotolerance (feline leukaemia retrovirus; mucosal ... | 1987 | 3122626 |
| an electron microscopic study of pigeon herpesvirus in chick embryos. | | 1973 | 4124661 |
| falcon herpesvirus, the etiologic agent of inclusion body disease of falcons. | a viral agent has been isolated from five fatal cases of naturally occurring inclusion body disease in three different falcon species, namely, the prairie falcon (falco mexicanus), the red-headed falcon (f. chiquera), and the peregrine falcon (f. peregrinus). the virus has been shown to possess the physical, chemical, and biological properties of a herpesvirus and has been used to reproduce inclusion body disease in the prairie falcon, merlin (f. columbarius), and american kestrel (f. sparverius ... | 1973 | 4352453 |
| antigenic relatedness of pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus to other avian herpesviruses. | pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus (phev) was compared with seven avian herpesviruses for antigenic relatedness using monospecific antisera and the indirect fluorescent-antibody (ifa), agar-gel-immunodiffusion, and serum-neutralization tests. no antigenic relationship was detected between phev and marek's disease virus, turkey herpesvirus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, and duck enteritis virus. a common precipitating antigen was detected between the phev and pigeon herpesvirus (phv), ow ... | 1983 | 6196014 |
| comparison of the effect of trisodium phosphonoformate on the mean plaque size of pseudorabies virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and pigeon herpesvirus. | | 1980 | 6268670 |
| pathogenesis of pigeon herpesvirus infection. | | 1981 | 6274925 |
| assessment of phosphonoformate-treatment of pigeon herpesvirus infection in pigeons and budgerigars and aujeszky's disease in rabbits. | | 1982 | 6282943 |
| vaccination trials against pigeon herpesvirus infection (pigeon herpesvirus 1). | | 1982 | 6296204 |
| the epidemiology of avian herpesviruses in veterinary medicine. | there are ten avian herpesviruses, which have been isolated from eight orders. six of these are of veterinary importance: pacheco's parrot disease virus, pigeon herpesvirus, duck plague virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, herpesvirus of turkeys and marek's disease virus. the knowledge on the epidemiology of each virus and the disease it causes is discussed. features in common to infections with most avian herpesviruses are: infection is persistent in individuals and ubiquitous in populati ... | 1982 | 6299838 |
| [trial at vaccination against herpes infection of the pigeon (pigeon herpesvirus 1)]. | | 1982 | 6299853 |
| [behavior of an attenuated strain of pigeon herpesvirus 1 and pathogenic strains in successive infections of pigeons]. | behaviour in pigeons of an attenuated strain of pigeon herpesvirus 1 (phv1) was studied. after the first infection, it multiplied in the animal to the same extent as the natural strain it was derived from but only provoked mild and irregular symptoms. it persisted in the animal after infection. primary infection of the pigeon with a pathogenic strain of phv1 prevented recurrence of the disease after re-infection but did not significantly decrease viral dissemination and did not prevent spontaneo ... | 1982 | 6301347 |
| susceptibility of day-old chicks and ducklings, goslings and quails to pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis and pigeon herpesviruses. | day-old chicks were susceptible to pigeon herpes encephalomyelitis virus (phev) by intracerebral (i/c) inoculation. infected birds developed neurologic signs starting from 2 to 15 days post-infection, and 85% died. the virus was recovered from the brains of diseased chicks in titers ranging between 104 and 105.5 eid 50/0.2 ml. inoculated birds shed the virus in their droppings throughout the 2 weeks observation period. day-old chicks given the virus by the intranasal (i/n) or oral routes did not ... | 1983 | 6306904 |
| in vivo and in vitro effect of acyclovir on pseudorabies virus, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and pigeon herpesvirus. | the effect of various concentrations of acyclovir on the mean plaque size of pseudorabies virus (shv), infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (ibr virus) and pigeon herpesvirus (phv) has been studied. acyclovir significantly reduced the mean plaque size of shv and phv, whereas ibr virus was less affected and did only show a reduction of the mean plaque size at the highest concentration of acyclovir used (1000 microm). in vivo effect of acyclovir was tested using pigeons and budgerigars experime ... | 1983 | 6318645 |
| pigeon herpesvirus confirmed in south africa. | the history, geographical distribution, clinical signs, pathology and virology of pigeon herpesvirus infection and pigeon herpesvirus encephalomyelitis are briefly reviewed. a case of pigeon herpesvirus infection was diagnosed on clinical, macro- and histopathological appearance and confirmed by isolation of the virus in embryonated eggs, its growth in tissue culture, and by electron microscopy. | 1983 | 6321730 |
| comparison of herpesvirus isolates from falcons, pigeons and psittacines by restriction endonuclease analysis. | field isolates of herpesviruses recovered from falcon, pigeon, and psittacine birds were compared by restriction endonuclease (re) analysis using four separate enzymes. pigeon and falcon herpesviruses had strikingly similar dna cleavage patterns, while dna cleavage pattern of virus isolates from a double-yellow headed amazon and an african grey parrot had different genomic patterns to both the pigeon and falcon herpesviruses. these findings support the field observations that pigeon herpesvirus ... | 1993 | 8387609 |
| a monoclonal antibody to inclusion body disease of cranes virus enabling specific immunohistochemistry and competitive elisa. | inclusion body disease of cranes (ibdc) herpesvirus kills some infected cranes and persists in convalescent animals. to enable further study and rapid identification of carrier animals, we developed a monoclonal antibody (mab) to ibdc virus and used it in immunohistochemistry and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). we used conventional techniques to make murine mabs directed against ibdc virus purified from infected duck embryo cells. hybridomas reacting in an elisa with ibd ... | 1997 | 9454913 |
| detection of new dna polymerase genes of known and potentially novel herpesviruses by pcr with degenerate and deoxyinosine-substituted primers. | a consensus primer pcr approach was used to (i) investigate the presence of herpesviruses in wild and zoo equids (zebra, wild ass, tapir) and to (ii) study the genetic relationship of the herpesvirus of pigeons (columbid herpesvirus 1) to other herpesvirus species. the pcr assay, based on degenerate primers targeting highly conserved regions of the dna polymerase gene of herpesviruses, was modified by using a mixture of degenerate and deoxyinosine-substituted primers. the applicability of the mo ... | 1999 | 10456789 |
| pigeon therapeutics. | this article examines therapeutics for pigeons, discussing their physiology and reproduction, housing, and nutrition. the author also looks at ways to prevent infection, while discussing treatments for various viral diseases, such as paramyxovirus and pigeon herpesvirus, bacterial infections, such as paratyphoid, and parasitic diseases. drug dosages are listed for antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics, and vaccines. | 2000 | 11228828 |
| rapid detection of pigeon herpesvirus, fowl adenovirus and pigeon circovirus in young racing pigeons by multiplex pcr. | infections of young racing pigeons with pigeon herpesvirus (pihv), fowl adenovirus (fadv) and pigeon circovirus (picv) are reported frequently. the role of these viruses in the pathogenesis of a disease complex called young pigeon disease syndrome (ypds) is generally accepted. all of these viruses cause inclusion bodies in the liver so liver samples are particularly useful for the detection of infection. consequently a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed for the detection of ... | 2008 | 18215428 |
| herpesviral inclusion body disease in owls and falcons is caused by the pigeon herpesvirus (columbid herpesvirus 1). | a herpesviral disease of rock pigeons (columba livia), called "inclusion body disease" or "inclusion body hepatitis," was first described in the 1940s. the disease involves hepatic and splenic necrosis with associated intranuclear inclusion bodies and occurs primarily in young squabs. a similar herpesviral disease occurs in falcons and owls. serologic and restriction endonuclease digestion studies indicate that herpesviruses from pigeons, falcons, and owls are very closely related and that most ... | 2008 | 18436674 |
| columbid herpesvirus-1 in two cooper's hawks (accipiter cooperii) with fatal inclusion body disease. | we report two separate naturally occurring cases of fatal herpesviral disease in cooper's hawks (accipiter cooperii). gross lesions included splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, with diffuse pale mottling or scattered small white foci. histologic lesions included splenic and hepatic necrosis associated with eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies characteristic of herpesvirus. in one case, necrosis and inclusions were also noted in bone marrow, thymus, bursa of fabricius, thyroid gland, parathyroid ... | 2008 | 18689647 |
| susceptibility of different strains of pigeon herpesvirus to trisodium phosphonoformate. | the susceptibility to trisodium phosphonoformate of five strains of pigeon herpesvirus (pigeon herpesvirus 1, phv) was compared by measuring the mean plaque size variations in the presence of different concentrations of the compound. significant differences in their susceptibility to phosphonoformate were observed, but none of them was found to be naturally resistant. this finding may be of significance for a possible clinical application in the treatment of pigeon herpesvirus infection. | 1981 | 18770120 |
| [comparison of three strains of herpesvirus isolated from psittacine birds with the pigeon herpesvirus]. | two strains of herpesvirus isolated from psittacine birds in belgium (psihv/b/cu; vindevogel et al., 1978) (psihv/b/u; meulemans et al., 1978) and a third one isolated in switzerland (psihv/s/1355; ehrsam et al., 1978) were compared with the pigeon herpesvirus (strain phv/b/cu1; vindevogel et al., 1975). on chick embryo fibroblasts, the cytopathic effect of strain psihv/b/cu was focal whereas strains psihv/b/u and psihv/s/1355 showed a diffuse cytopathic effect. also, under agarose overlay, the ... | 1980 | 18770276 |
| fatal columbid herpesvirus-1 infections in three species of australian birds of prey. | we document columbid herpesvirus-1 (cohv-1) infection in two barking owls (ninox connivens), a powerful owl (ninox strenua) and an australian hobby (falco longipennis). antemortem signs of infection were non-specific and the birds either died soon after they were identified as ill or were found dead unexpectedly. gross postmortem findings were also not specific. microscopically, marked to massive splenic and hepatic necrosis with the presence of eosinophilic inclusion bodies in remaining splenoc ... | 2011 | 21495992 |
| prevalence of columbid herpesvirus infection in feral pigeons (columba livia) from new south wales and victoria, australia, with spillover into a wild powerful owl (ninox struena). | columbid herpesvirus-1 (cohv-1) is widespread in feral pigeons ( columba livia ) in north america and europe. we used a pcr assay to detect cohv-1 dna in oral and cloacal tissues and oral swabs from naturally infected pigeons. fifty-three feral pigeons from five flocks in australia (n=3 from south-central victoria and n=2 from sydney) were examined for cohv-1 dna. we detected cohv-1 dna in oral mucosa and cloacal mucosa, with higher concentrations in the oral mucosa. the sensitivity of testing o ... | 2017 | 28192040 |
| isolation and characterization of a herpesvirus from feral pigeons in china. | a herpesvirus was isolated during a diagnostic investigation of severe cases of conjunctivitis in feral pigeons (columba livia f. domestica). isolates of the virus were recovered from throat swabs of the pigeons followed by inoculation of the swab samples in chicken embryo fibroblasts. pigeons inoculated with the isolated virus had similar clinical signs to those observed in naturally infected birds. transmission electron microscopy revealed viral structures with typical herpesvirus morphology. ... | 2015 | 26542366 |
| characterization of the first columbid herpesvirus 1 isolate from a hybrid meat-type pigeon flock in china. | infections of pigeons with herpesviruses have been described in several species of domestic and wild birds. in july 2012, increased mortality was observed in a hybrid meat-type pigeon flock in beijing, china. diagnostic tests led to the isolation of a virus designated columbid herpesvirus 1 bj strain (cohv-1bj). sequence analysis of the viral dna polymerase catalytic subunit gene revealed a single open reading frame of 3753 nt encoding 1250 amino acids. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the co ... | 2015 | 25298181 |
| detection of cohv-1 by loop-mediated amplification (lamp). application of lamp for cohv-1 incidence monitoring in domestic pigeons. | the occurrence of columbid herpesvirus-1 (cohv-1) in domestic pigeons presents a potential threat for their husbandry and trade. cohv-1 causes smadel disease among pigeons but may not be manifested by any clinical signs and complicates secondary infections. the material for our study originated from 42 domestic pigeons sent to private veterinary practice in lublin, poland, between 2011 and 2013. some of birds showed clinical signs similar to smadel disease. the cytological examination also indic ... | 2014 | 25146091 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification method for rapid detection of pigeon circovirus. | there are no effective antiviral treatments for pigeon circovirus (picv); thus, rapid diagnosis is critical for effective control of the disease caused by this virus. the recent development of a novel lamp technique that amplifies nucleic acids rapidly with high specificity and sensitivity under isothermal conditions has overcome some of the deficiencies of nucleic-acid-based diagnostic tests. we established a lamp method for rapid detection of picv using two pairs of primers that were designed ... | 2014 | 24193953 |
| phylogenetic analysis of columbid herpesvirus-1 in rock pigeons, birds of prey and non-raptorial birds in poland. | the identity of herpesviruses isolated in europe from domestic pigeons (columbid herpesvirus-1 - cohv-1) as well as falcons and owls remains unknown. all these herpesviruses are antigenically and genetically related. the falcons and owls are thought to have become infected during the ingestion of pigeon meat thus suggesting the virus's capacity to infect a wide range of hosts. the aim of the conducted study was to detect the occurrence of cohv-1 and estimating the similarities and differences in ... | 2013 | 23517888 |
| epidemiological investigation of selected pigeon viral infections in poland. | due to a lack of data in regard to the spread of viral infections in polish pigeon populations, studies were undertaken to assess the frequency of adeno-, circo- and herpesvirus infections in flocks of pigeons across the entire country. in total, 107 flocks were examined, of which 61 per cent consisted of racing and 39 per cent of fancy pigeons. the flocks were divided into groups according to breed (racing and fancy pigeons) as well as physical condition (healthy and sick). in the studied pigeo ... | 2012 | 23118041 |
| columbid herpesvirus-1 mortality in great horned owls (bubo virginianus) from calgary, alberta. | four cases of columbid herpesvirus-1 infection in great horned owls (bubo virginianus) were identified in calgary, alberta. necropsy findings included severe multifocal hepatic and splenic necrosis, pharyngeal ulceration and necrosis, and gastrointestinal necrosis. occasional eosinophilic intranuclear viral inclusion bodies were associated with the foci of necrosis and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) testing confirmed a diagnosis of herpesvirus-induced disease. the sequence of a pcr amplicon had ... | 2012 | 22942441 |
| co-occurrence of mycoplasma species and pigeon herpesvirus-1 infection in racing pigeons ( columba livia). | oropharyngeal swab samples were collected from 438 live racing pigeons ( columba livia), with and without signs of respiratory disease, that were housed in 220 lofts in 3 provinces in the western part of the netherlands. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to identify mycoplasma species and pigeon herpesvirus-1 (phv-1) from the samples. in 8.6% of the pigeon lofts tested, signs of respiratory disease were present in pigeons at sampling, and in 30.9% of the sampled pigeon lofts, respiratory ... | 2017 | 29327955 |
| avian viral surveillance in victoria, australia, and detection of two novel avian herpesviruses. | viruses in avian hosts can pose threats to avian health and some have zoonotic potential. hospitals that provide veterinary care for avian patients may serve as a site of exposure of other birds and human staff in the facility to these viruses. they can also provide a useful location to collect samples from avian patients in order to examine the viruses present in wild birds. this study aimed to investigate viruses of biosecurity and/or zoonotic significance in australian birds by screening samp ... | 2018 | 29570719 |
| inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in captive falcons in the middle east: a review of clinical and pathologic findings. | inclusion body hepatitis in falcons is caused by a herpesvirus designated falconid hv-1. this herpesvirus and other herpesviruses affecting birds of prey have not been assigned to a genus and include inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in eagles (accipitrid hv-1) and inclusion body herpesvirus hepatitis in owls (strigid hv-1). herpesvirus infections have been diagnosed in both captive and free-living raptors across europe, north america, and asia in different species of the family falconidae. h ... | 2019 | 31124605 |