| [effects of simulated acid rain on physiological and biochemical characters of eggplant, the host plant of tetranychus cinnabarinus]. | in a series of laboratory trials, this paper studied the responses of eggplant (solanum melongena), the host plant of carmine spider mite tetranychus cinnabarinus, to different ph values simulated acid rain. the results showed that with the increasing acidity of simulated acid rain, the cat activity and the contents of p and soluble protein in egg plant leaves increased significantly first, reaching the highest at ph 4.0 or 3.0, and then decreased; while the pod activity and soluble sugar conten ... | 2005 | 15943355 |
| improved carica papaya tolerance to carmine spider mite by the expression of manduca sexta chitinase transgene. | papaya plants producing the tobacco hornworm (manduca sexta) chitinase protein were obtained following microprojectile bombardment of embryogenic calli derived from the hypocotyls of the cultivar kapoho. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was carried out to confirm the presence of the transgene. rt-pcr and a quantitative chitinase assay showed increased levels of chitinase activity in every selected transgenic line. insect bioassays in the laboratory showed that plants expressing the manduca sexta ... | 2006 | 16779649 |
| design, synthesis and biological activities of new strobilurin derivatives containing substituted pyrazoles. | strobilurins are one of the most important classes of agricultural fungicides. to discover new strobilurin analogues with high activity, a series of new strobilurin derivatives containing substituted pyrazoles in the side chain were synthesised and bioassayed. | 2010 | 19760633 |
| design, synthesis, and insecticidal activities of novel monohalovinylated pyrethroids. | a series of novel monohalovinylated pyrethroids are designed and synthesized to replace one halo atom with a hydrogen atom on the double bond of dihalopyrethroids. bioassays indicate that some of the synthesized compounds, such as 3j and 1j, exhibit high insecticidal activities against mosquitoes ( culex pipiens pallens ), oriental armyworms ( mythimna separata ), alfalfa aphids ( aphis medicagini ), and carmine spider mites ( tetranychus cinnabarinus ). photolytic results of e-cis-1j suggest th ... | 2011 | 21275401 |
| [bioactivity of the metabolites from endophytic actinomycete fq24 against tetranychus cinnabarinus]. | an endophytic actinomycete strain fq24 was isolated from healthy tomato plants. the acaricidal substances in the metabolites from fq24 were collected and identified by the methods of extraction, column chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms), and their bioactivities against tetranychus cinnabarinus were measured with slide-dip and leaf-residue methods. among the extracts, petroleum ether extract had high bioactivity in contact toxicity and oviposition deterrent against t ... | 2011 | 22126057 |
| metabolism-based synthesis, biological evaluation and structure-activity relationship analysis of spirotetramat analogues as potential lipid biosynthesis inhibitors. | background: in previous studies, scientists found that, when spirotetramat was introduced into plants or animals, it was mainly metabolised at positions c-4 and c-8. that is to say, these two functional positions potentially played an important role in spirotetramat's bioactivities. in order to develop novel insecticides or miticides, the present authors designed and synthesised 35 spirotetramat analogues based on metabolite structures. results: all of the analogues have been identified on the b ... | 2012 | 23436572 |
| molecular characterization and expression of a heat shock protein gene (hsp90) from the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | in this study, the cdna of tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) (acarina: tetranychidae) hsp90 (designated tchsp90) was cloned using a combination of the homology cloning and rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) approaches. the full-length cdna of tchsp90 is 2595 bp, including a 5′-untranslated region (utr) of 177 bp, 3′-utr of 249 bp, and an open reading frame (orf) of 2169 bp. the orf encodes a polypeptide of 722 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 83.45 kda and a theoretical i ... | 0 | 20874569 |
| inducible expression of mu-class glutathione s-transferases is associated with fenpropathrin resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is a serious pest on a variety of economically important crops widely distributed in china, and its resistance to acaricides has quickly developed. in this study, we fully sequenced 13 gst genes of t. cinnabarinus (tcgsts). the phylogenetic tree showed that five of them belonged to the delta class and the other eight belonged to the mu class. the alignment of gene sequences and comparison of gene expressions between a fenpropathrin-r ... | 2014 | 25493473 |
| functional analysis of esterase tce2 gene from tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) involved in acaricide resistance. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus is an important pest of crops and vegetables worldwide, and it has the ability to develop resistance against acaricides rapidly. our previous study identified an esterase gene (designated tce2) over-expressed in resistant mites. to investigate this gene's function in resistance, the expression levels of tce2 in susceptible, abamectin-, fenpropathrin-, and cyflumetofen-resistant strains were knocked down (65.02%, 63.14%, 57.82%, and 63.99%, respec ... | 2016 | 26725309 |
| analysis of insecticide resistance-related genes of the carmine spider mite tetranychus cinnabarinus based on a de novo assembled transcriptome. | the carmine spider mite (csm), tetranychus cinnabarinus, is an important pest mite in agriculture, because it can develop insecticide resistance easily. to gain valuable gene information and molecular basis for the future insecticide resistance study of csm, the first transcriptome analysis of csm was conducted. a total of 45,016 contigs and 25,519 unigenes were generated from the de novo transcriptome assembly, and 15,167 unigenes were annotated via blast querying against current databases, inc ... | 2014 | 24830288 |
| silencing nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase results in reduced acaricide resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s) are involved in metabolic resistance to insecticides and require nadph cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) to transfer electrons when they catalyze oxidation reactions. the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus is an important pest mite of crop and vegetable plants worldwide, and its resistance to acaricides has quickly developed. however, the role of cpr on the formation of acaricide-resistance in t. cinnabarinus is still unclear. in this study, a full ... | 2015 | 26493678 |
| identification of differentially expressed micrornas between the fenpropathrin resistant and susceptible strains in tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite (tetranychus cinnabarinus) is one of the most serious pests on crops and its control mainly depends on chemical acaricides. the excessive and improper acaricides use has resulted in mite resistance to many acaricides, including fenpropathrin. previous studies have indicated fenpropathrin resistance is a complex development process involving many genes, but information on resistance mechanism of post-transcription regulation is rare. using illumina sequencing, several cate ... | 2016 | 27050424 |
| design, synthesis, and insecticidal evaluation of new pyrazole derivatives containing imine, oxime ether, oxime ester, and dihydroisoxazoline groups based on the inhibitor binding pocket of respiratory complex i. | on the basis of complex i receptor protein binding site and commercial tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad, four series of novel pyrazole-5-carboxamides containing imine, oxime ether, oxime ester, and dihydroisoxazoline were designed and synthesized via the key intermediate 4-chloro-3-ethyl-n-(4-formylbenzyl)-1-methyl-1h-pyrazole-5-carboxamide. the structures of target compounds were confirmed by ¹h nmr and high-resolution mass spectrum (hrms). the results of bioassays indicated that the target compoun ... | 2013 | 23972278 |
| design, synthesis, and insecticidal activity of novel pyrazole derivatives containing α-hydroxymethyl-n-benzyl carboxamide, α-chloromethyl-n-benzyl carboxamide, and 4,5-dihydrooxazole moieties. | on the basis of commercial insecticides tebufenpyrad and tolfenpyrad, two series of novel pyrazole-5-carboxamides containing α-hydroxymethyl-n-benzyl or α-chloromethyl-n-benzyl and pyrazoles containing 4,5-dihydrooxazole moieties were designed and synthesized via the key intermediate 2-amino-1-(4-substituted) phenyl ethanol. the structures of target compounds were confirmed by (1)h nmr and elemental analysis or high-resolution mass spectrum (hrms), and their activities against cotton bollworm (h ... | 2012 | 22304385 |
| prey preference and life table of amblyseius orientalis on bemisia tabaci and tetranychus cinnabarinus. | amblyseius orientalis (ehara) (acari: phytoseiidae) is a native predatory mite species in china. it used to be considered as a specialist predator of spider mites. however, recent studies show it also preys on other small arthropod pests, such as bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae). experiments were conducted to investigate (1) prey preference of a. orientalis between tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisd.) (acari: tetranychidae) and b. tabaci, and (2) development, consumption and life ... | 2015 | 26436422 |
| expression of lima bean terpene synthases in rice enhances recruitment of a beneficial enemy of a major rice pest. | volatile terpenoids play a key role in plant defence against herbivory by attracting parasitic wasps. we identified seven terpene synthase genes from lima bean, phaseolus lunatus l. following treatment with either the elicitor alamethicin or spider mites, tetranychus cinnabarinus. four of which (pltps2, pltps3, pltps4 and pltps5) were upregulated, and their derived proteins are phylogenetically clustered in the tps-g subfamily, with pltps3 positioned at the base of this cluster. recombinant pltp ... | 2017 | 28370092 |
| the potential of lagenaria rootstock to confer resistance to the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae) in cucurbitaceae. | antibiosis and resistance of six cucurbita and two lagenaria accessions to the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus boisduval, were evaluated in the laboratory. significant differences among accessions were observed three days after the inoculation of detached leaf discs. the lagenaria accessions, slawi and sus, proved to be the most resistant to mites, with average populations of mite eggs, 87 and 95%, respectively less than that of the susceptible c. pepo accession, orangetti. the cuc ... | 2000 | 10948370 |
| from the cover: functional analysis reveals glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channels as targets of avermectins in the carmine spider mite. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is one of the most important pests in the agricultural industry. avermectins, as efficient acaricides, have been extensively used in the mite control. the targets for avermectins in mammals, nematodes, and insects had already been identified as γ-aminobutyric acid and glutamate chloride channels. however, the targets for avermectins in mites are still not clear. here, we report the cloning of 5 full-length glutamate-gated chloride ch ... | 2017 | 27742867 |
| design, synthesis, and biological activities of milbemycin analogues. | milbemycins have received considerable interest in agricultural chemistry due to a special action mode, extremely high activity against arachnoide pests, low toxicity to mammals, and environmentally benign characteristics. two series of novel milbemycin analogues (4ia-6iic) containing alkyl and aryl groups at the 4'- and 13-positions were designed and synthesized by five schemes. these analogues were identified by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, and elemental analysis (or hrms). their insecticidal activiti ... | 2011 | 21452899 |
| herbivore population suppression by an intermediate predator, phytoseiulus macropilis, is insensitive to the presence of an intraguild predator: an advantage of small body size? | recent work in terrestrial communities has highlighted a new question: what makes a predator act as a consumer of herbivores versus acting as a consumer of other predators? here we test three predictions from a model (rosenheim and corbett in ecology 84:2538-2548) that links predator foraging behavior with predator ecology: (1) widely foraging predators have the potential to suppress populations of sedentary herbivores; (2) sit and wait predators are unlikely to suppress populations of sedentary ... | 2004 | 15278424 |
| dicofol resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus: resistance and stability of resistance in populations from antalya, turkey. | resistance against dicofol was investigated in the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus. higher resistance levels were detected by leaf residual bioassays than by topical bioassays, both done using a potter spray tower, in almost all populations of t cinnabarinus examined from antalya, turkey. for instance, the resistance level at lc95 was 17.5-fold in topical bioassays but 58.9-fold in leaf residual bioassays for the population collected from greenhouses in the topçular district. there ... | 2001 | 11464792 |
| evaluation of etoxazole against insects and acari in vegetables in china. | etoxazole, 2-(2,6-difluorophenyl-4-[4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-ethoxy-phenyl]-4,5-dihydrooxazole, an organofluorine chitin synthesis inhibitor, was assayed for its bioactivities against several major insect and acarus pests and compared to several other pesticides: two chitin synthesis inhibitors, hexaflumuron and chlorfluazuron; a pyrethroid, permethrin; an organophosphate, acephate; a carboximide, hexythiazox; and a tetrazine, clofentezine. the lc50 of etoxazole was calculated using probit analys ... | 2014 | 25199415 |
| synthesis and biological activities of novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole-containing pyrazole oxime derivatives. | a new library of 1,3,4-thiadiazole-containing pyrazole oximes was designed and synthesized. their acaricidal and insecticidal activities were evaluated. bioassay results indicated that some target compounds exhibited good acaricidal and insecticidal properties. especially, compound 8m had 80% acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus at the concentration of 50μg/ml, compound 8f displayed 100% insecticidal activities against aphis craccivora at the concentration of 50μg/ml, compounds 8 ... | 2016 | 27324978 |
| gene replacement for the generation of designed novel avermectin derivatives with enhanced acaricidal and nematicidal activities. | avermectin (avm) and ivermectin (ivm) are potent pesticides and acaricides which have been widely used during the past 30 years. as insect resistance to avm and ivm is greatly increasing, alternatives are urgently needed. here, we report two novel avm derivatives, tenvermectin a (tvm a) and tvm b, which are considered a potential new generation of agricultural and veterinary drugs. the molecules of the tvms were designed based on structure and pharmacological property comparisons among avm, ivm, ... | 2015 | 26025902 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole 5-fluorouracil acetamides derivatives: an rna interference insecticide. | a series of novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole 5-fluorouracil acetamides derivatives were designed and synthesized. their structures were confirmed by infrared, (1)h nmr spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. the insecticidal activities against tetranychus cinnabarinus and aphis craccivora of these new compounds were evaluated. the bioassay tests showed that most of these title compounds possessed a good combination of stomach toxicity as well as contact toxicity against tetranychus cinnabarinus and aphis c ... | 2011 | 21623542 |
| acaricidal activity of compounds from cinnamomum camphora (l.) presl against the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus. | tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) is one of the most important, highly polyphagous pests of a wide range of field and greenhouse crops throughout the world. the control of this mite is still based primarily on the use of synthetic chemical pesticides. in this study, we screened eight plant extracts from china and evaluated the natural compounds showing acaricidal properties from the plant extract, considering their potential use as an alternative to synthetic pesticides. | 2015 | 25612070 |
| design, synthesis, acaricidal activity, and mechanism of oxazoline derivatives containing an oxime ether moiety. | two series of novel 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazolines containing an oxime ether moiety were designed and synthesized via the key intermediate n-(2-chloro-1-(p-tolyl)ethyl)-2,6-difluorobenzamide. the bioassay results showed that the target compounds with an oxime ether substituent at the para position of 4-phenyl exhibited excellent acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus in the laboratory. moreover, all of the target compounds had much higher activities than etoxazole, as the ovicidal and ... | 2014 | 24673392 |
| design, synthesis, and analysis of the quantitative structure-activity relationships of 4-phenyl-acyl-substituted 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-ene-2,8-dione derivatives. | a series of 4-phenyl-acyl-substituted 3-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-4-hydroxy-1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-3-ene-2,8-dione derivatives were designed and synthesized, and their structures were characterized using (1)h nmr (or (13)c nmr), mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. the bioactivities of the new compounds were evaluated. these compounds exhibited good inhibition activities against bean aphids (aphis fabae) and carmine spider mite (tetranychus cinnabarinus), and 4-phenyl acyl esters showed stronger bi ... | 2012 | 22531003 |
| new milbemycin metabolites from the genetically engineered strain streptomyces bingchenggensis bcj60. | two new milbemycin derivatives, 27-methoxylmilbemycin α31 (1) and 27-oxomilbemycin α31 (2), were isolated from the genetically engineered strain streptomyces bingchenggensis bcj60. their structures were determined by 1d nmr, 2d nmr and hr-esi-ms spectral analysis, and comparison with previous reports. the acaricidal and nematocidal capacities of compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated against tetranychus cinnabarinus and bursaphelenchus xylophilus, respectively. the results showed that the two new macr ... | 2017 | 27748635 |
| toxicity of ethanolic extracts from lippia origanoides and gliricidia sepium to tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) (acari: tetranychidae). | botanical compounds with insecticidal and acaricidal activities have been used in pest management with different levels of success. toxicity of ethanolic extracts obtained from wild oregano (lippia origanoides) and gliricidia (gliricidia sepium) to tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) were evaluated. mite population was collected from black bean plants growing in urachiche municipality, yaracuy state, venezuela. ethanolic extracts of wild oregano and gliricidia leaves were evaluated at different ... | 2013 | 21710033 |
| synthesis of some monosaccharide-related ester derivatives as insecticidal and acaricidal agents. | to develop natural-product-based pesticidal agents, a series of monosaccharide-related ester derivatives (17a-q and 18a-f), glucose (xylose)-piperic acid/piperic acid-like conjugates, were synthesized. three-dimensional structures of compounds 17b, 17g, 17h, and 17n were unambiguously determined by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. especially compounds 18e and 18f exhibited the most potent insecticidal and acaricidal activities against mythimna separata and tetranychus cinnabarinus. their struct ... | 2017 | 28844385 |
| synthesis and bioactivities of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a 5-trifluoromethylpyridyl moiety. | in this study, in order to find novel biologically active pyrazole oxime compounds, a series of pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a 5-trifluoromethylpyridyl moiety were synthesized. preliminary bioassays indicated that most title compounds were found to display good to excellent acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus at a concentration of 200 μg/ml, and some designed compounds still showed excellent acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus at the concentration of 10 ... | 2016 | 26927054 |
| overproduction of superoxide dismutase and catalase confers cassava resistance to tetranychus cinnabarinus. | to explore the role of protective enzymes in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) resistance to mites, transgenic cassava lines overproducing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (mecu/znsod) and catalase (mecat1) were used to evaluate and molecularly confirm cassava resistance to tetranychus cinnabarinus. laboratory evaluation demonstrated that, compared with the control cultivar tms60444 (wild type, wt), the survival, reproduction, development and activities of sod and cat in t. cinnabarinus feeding ... | 2017 | 28054665 |
| effect of acaricidal components isolated from lettuce (lactuca sativa) on carmine spider mite (tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd.). | this study aimed to evaluate the acaricidal activity of lettuce (lactuca sativa) extracts against carmine spider mites (tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd.) and isolate the acaricidal components. acaricidal activities of lettuce extracts isolated from different parts (the leaf, root and seed) using various solvents (petroleum ether, acetone and methanol) were evaluated with slide-dip bioassay and relatively high median lethal concentration (lc50) values were detected. acetone extracts of lettuce lea ... | 2017 | 28803552 |
| acaricidal activity of juglans regia leaf extracts on tetranychus viennensis and tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae). | leaf extracts of the walnut, juglans regia l., were evaluated under laboratory conditions to determine their acaricidal activity on the mites tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) and tetranychus viennensis zacher (acari: tetranychidae). extracts had both contact and systemic toxicity to these mites. the four solvents tested for preparing crude extracts were petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. methanol was the most efficient solvent, with an extraction rate from 17.06 + 0.80 ... | 2007 | 17849883 |
| methyl palmitate, an acaricidal compound occurring in green walnut husks. | walnut, juglans regia l., is known for its insecticidal activities to a range of herbivores and microbes. isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from walnut is a potential approach for the development of new pesticides. laboratory experiments were carried out to investigate the acaricidal activities of green husk extracts of walnut. bioassay-guided fractionation of petroleum-ether extracts of walnut led to the identification of a common plant-borne fatty acid ester, methyl palmitate ... | 2009 | 19253637 |
| design, synthesis, and bioactivities of novel oxadiazole-substituted pyrazole oximes. | a series of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a substituted oxadiazole group were designed and synthesized. the bioassay results indicated that some title compounds displayed good acaricidal and insecticidal activities against tetranychus cinnabarinus, aphis medicaginis, oriental armyworm, and nilaparvata lugens. especially, compounds 7a, 7b, and 7c had 80%, 90%, and 90% insecticidal activities against a. medicaginis at 20μg/ml, respectively. interestingly, some of the designed compoun ... | 2017 | 28108247 |
| the acaricidal activity of venom from the jellyfish nemopilema nomurai against the carmine spider mite tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite tetranychus cinnabarinus (t. cinnabarinus) is a common polyphagous pest that attacks crops, vegetables, flowers, and so on. it is necessary to find lead compounds for developing novel, powerful, and environmentally-friendly acaricides as an alternative approach to controlling the carmine spider mite because of the serious resistance and residual agrochemicals in the environment. in addition, the study on the acaricidal activities of marine bioactive substances is comparat ... | 0 | 27294957 |
| novel 4-methylumbelliferone amide derivatives: synthesis, characterization and pesticidal activities. | a series of novel 4-methylumbelliferone amide derivatives were designed, synthesized and characterized by ¹h nmr, 13c nmr and hr-esi-ms. the structures of compounds 4bd and 4be (compounds named by authors) were further confirmed by x-ray single crystal diffraction. the acaricidal, herbicidal and antifungal activities of the synthesized compounds were assayed for their potential use as pesticide. the results indicated that compounds 4bi, 4ac and 4bd were strong acaricidals against tetranychus cin ... | 2018 | 29316710 |
| synthesis of andrographolide-related esters as insecticidal and acaricidal agents. | in continuation of our program aimed at the development of natural product-based pesticidal agents, a series of andrographolide-related esters, such as 3,19-dialkyl(aryl)carbonyloxy andrographolide (3a-g), 3-alkyl(aryl)carbonyloxyandrographolide (4a-g), and 19-alkyl(aryl)carbonyloxyandrographolide (5a-g), were prepared. their structures were well characterized by 1h nmr, ir, optical rotation, hrms and mp. especially three-dimensional structures of compounds 3a, 4g, and 5g were unambiguously conf ... | 2017 | 29287959 |
| synthesis and bioactivity study of 2-acylamino-substituted n'-benzylbenzohydrazide derivatives. | the discovery of new safe and effective pesticides is one of the main means of providing eco-friendly agricultural agents for modern crop protection. to identify new biological molecules based of the anthranilic diamide skeleton of the novel pesticide chlorantraniliprole, which acts on the ryanodine receptor and functional groups in acyl hydrazine insect growth regulators, more than 40 new compounds of 2-acylamino-substituted n'-benzylbenzohydrazide derivatives were designed and synthesized. the ... | 2012 | 23088717 |
| temperature-dependent development of oligota flavicornis (coleoptera: staphylinidae) preying on tetranychus cinnabarinus (acarina: tetranychidae). | the effect of nine constant temperatures on developmental time of oligota flavicornis (boisduval and lacordaire) preying on tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) (acari: tetranychidae) eggs was determined under laboratory conditions of 75 ± 5% rh and a 16:8 (l:d) h photoperiod. o. flavicornis survival rates were highest between 18 and 30°c, although o. flavicornis eggs developed successfully to adults at 12-32°c, and the developmental durations to adult at the seven temperatures (12, 15, 18, 20, ... | 2017 | 29220518 |
| metabolic rate and life stage of the mites tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd. (prostigmata) and phytoseiulus persimilis a-h. (mesostigmata). | respiration rates (oxygen uptake per individual) of the herbivorous mite tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd. and of the predatory mite phytoseiulus persimilis a-h. were measured at 25°c for all life stages, including eggs, using a cartesian diver micro-respirometer.metabolic rates (oxygen uptake per unit weight) ranged between 0.27 and 2.32 nl o2 μg-1 live weight h-1 in t. cinnabarinus, and between 0.99 and 3.69 nl o2 μg-1 live weight h-1 in p. persimilis. the difference in metabolic rate ranges is ... | 1980 | 28310049 |
| design, synthesis, and biological activities of novel pyrazole oxime compounds containing a substituted pyridyl moiety. | in this paper, in order to find novel biologically active pyrazole oximes, a series of pyrazole oxime compounds bearing a substituted pyridyl unit were prepared. bioassays showed that some target compounds were found to have good acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus at a concentration of 500 μg/ml, compound 9q especially displayed potent acaricidal activity against t. cinnabarinus when the concentration was reduced to 100 μg/ml. interestingly, most target compounds possessed exce ... | 2017 | 28587083 |
| design, synthesis and bioactivities of novel dichloro-allyloxy-phenol-containing pyrazole oxime derivatives. | in this study, in order to find novel biologically active pyrazole oxime compounds, a number of dichloro-allyloxy-phenol-containing pyrazole oximes were designed and synthesized according to the method of active group combination. all of the target compounds were confirmed by ¹h-nmr, (13)c-nmr and elemental analysis. in addition, bioassays showed that all of the newly synthesized compounds had no acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus and low insecticidal activity against aphis cra ... | 2015 | 26670221 |
| intermediate derivatisation method in the discovery of new acaricide candidates: synthesis of n-substituted piperazine derivatives and their activity against phytophagous mites. | to discover and exploit novel acaricidal compounds, a series of novel n-substituted piperazine derivatives were designed and synthesised using a tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate as the starting material by intermediate derivatisation methods, and their acaricidal activities were evaluated. | 2017 | 27448629 |
| synthesis, biological activities and structure-activity relationships for new avermectin analogues. | in an effort to discover new molecules with good insecticidal activities, more than 40 new avermectin derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities against three species of arachnids, insects and nematodes, namely, tetranychus cinnabarinus, aphis craccivora and bursaphelenchus xylophilus. all the tested compounds showed potent inhibitory activities against three insect species. notably, the majority of compounds exhibited high selectivity against t. cinnabarinus, som ... | 2016 | 27318119 |
| two new tenvermectins from a genetically engineered strain streptomyces avermitilis mhj1011. | two new tenvermectins, tenvermectins c (1) and d (2), were isolated from streptomyces avermitilis mhj1011. their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with a related known compound, tenvermectin a. compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent nematocidal and acaricidal activities against bursaphelenchus xylophilus and tetranychus cinnabarinus. | 2017 | 27329378 |
| new macrocyclic lactones with acaricidal and nematocidal activities from a genetically engineered strain streptomyces bingchenggensis bcj60. | two new macrocyclic lactones, 4,25-diethyl-4,25-demethyl-milbemycin β3 (1) and 27-formaldehyde-milbemycin β14 (2), were isolated from a genetically engineered strain streptomyces bingchenggensis bcj60. their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1d and 2d nmr techniques as well as esi-ms and comparison with data from the literature. the acaricidal and nematocidal capacities of compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated against tetranychus cinnabarinus and bursaphelen ... | 2017 | 27589571 |
| acaricidal activity and synergistic effect of thyme oil constituents against carmine spider mite (tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval)). | studies examining the use of essential oils as replacements for synthetic insecticides require an understanding of the contribution of each constituent present, interactions among these components, and how they relate to overall toxicity. in the present study, the chemical composition of commercial thyme oil was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. thyme oil and blends of its major constituents were tested for their acaricidal activitities against carmine spider mites (tetranychus ... | 2017 | 29104267 |
| survey of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi and evaluation of their pathogenicity against the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisd.), and the whitefly, bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus, and the silverleaf whitefly, bemisia tabaci, are serious pests of both field- and greenhouse-grown crops in south-western turkey. control of these pests has been heavily dependent upon chemical pesticides. the objectives of this study were to investigate the occurrence of indigenous entomopathogenic fungi (epf) in field populations of t. cinnabarinus and b. tabaci, and to evaluate their pathogenicity against these pests. for this purpose, a surv ... | 2016 | 26929052 |
| preparation, characterization, and insecticidal activity of avermectin-grafted-carboxymethyl chitosan. | avermectin-grafted-n,o-carboxymethyl chitosan (nocc) derivative was obtained by esterification reaction using dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (dcc) as dehydrating agent and 4-methylaminopyridine as catalyst. the structures of the conjugate were confirmed by ft-ir, (1)h nmr, and xrd. insecticidal activities against armyworms, carmine spider mites, black bean aphids, and brown plant hoppers were investigated at concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 1000 mg/l. at the concentration of 1000 mg/l and 500 mg/l, ... | 2016 | 27213156 |
| design, synthesis and bioactivities of novel isoxazole-containing pyrazole oxime derivatives. | in this study, in order to find novel biologically active pyrazole oxime derivatives, twenty-eight new pyrazole oxime compounds containing a substituted isoxazole ring were synthesized and evaluated for their acaricidaland insecticidal activities. bioassays exhibited that some target compounds indicated good acaricidal and insecticidal activities against tetranychus cinnabarinus, aphis medicaginis, mythimna separata, and nilaparvata lugens. especially, compounds 9c, 9h, 9u, and 9v showed 100.00% ... | 2017 | 29186906 |
| synthesis, acaricidal activity, and structure-activity relationships of pyrazolyl acrylonitrile derivatives. | a series of novel pyrazolyl acrylonitrile derivatives was designed, targeting tetranychus cinnabarinus, and synthesized. their structures were identified by combination of 1h nmr, 13c nmr, and ms spectra. the structures of compounds 18 and 19 were further confirmed by x-ray diffraction. extensive greenhouse bioassays indicated that compound 19 exhibits excellent acaricidal activity against all developmental stages of t. cinnabarinus, which is better than the commercialized compounds cyenopyrafen ... | 2016 | 27976890 |
| the fenpropathrin resistant tetranychus cinnabarinus showed increased fecundity with high content of vitellogenin and vitellogenin receptor. | carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), an agricultural pest of economically important crops, has developed resistance to a group of pesticides. we have selected a fenpropathrin-resistant strain (fer) of t. cinnabarinus from the isogenous and susceptible strain (ss), and found that the fer not only showed resistance but its fecundity also increased. according to the numbers of eggs laid per day of both strains, the fer was more fertile than ss throughout the life span. to inve ... | 2016 | 27914537 |
| rna-seq analysis reveals candidate targets for curcumin against tetranychus cinnabarinus. | tetranychus cinnabarinus is an important agricultural pest with a broad host range. we previously identified curcumin as a promising acaricidal compound against t. cinnabarinus. however, the acaricidal mechanism of curcumin remains unknown. in this study, rna-seq was employed to analyze the transcriptome changes in t. cinnabarinus treated with curcumin or the solvent. a total of 105,706,297 clean sequence reads were generated by sequencing, with more than 90% of the reads successfully mapped to ... | 2017 | 27672652 |
| 3d-qsar and molecular docking studies on the tcpmca1-mediated detoxification of scopoletin and coumarin derivatives. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is an economically important agricultural pest that is difficult to prevent and control. scopoletin is a botanical coumarin derivative that targets ca2+-atpase to exert a strong acaricidal effect on carmine spider mites. in this study, the full-length cdna sequence of a plasma membrane ca2+-atpase 1 gene (tcpmca1) was cloned. the sequence contains an open reading frame of 3750 bp and encodes a putative protein of 1249 amino acids. th ... | 2017 | 28653986 |
| the expression of p450 genes mediating fenpropathrin resistance is regulated by cncc and maf in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | although overexpression of genes encoding detoxification enzymes is a well-known mechanism of pesticide resistance of mites, the regulators involved in this process are still illiterate. previous studies in our laboratory demonstrated that the overexpression of six p450 genes contributes to fenpropathrin resistance in t. cinnabarinus. in this study, six transcription factor genes that likely regulate the expression of p450 genes were identified and characterized. quantitative pcr (qpcr) analysis ... | 2017 | 28502899 |
| influence of exposure to imidacloprid on survivorship, reproduction and vitellin content of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus. | occasional reports linking neonicotinoid insecticide applications to field population outbreaks of the spider mite have been a topic of concern for integrated pest management programs. to elucidate the impacts of a neonicotinoid insecticide on the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus boisduval (acari: tetranychidae), the survivorship, reproduction, and vitellin contents of the mite were investigated after exposure to various concentrations of imidacloprid on the v. unguiculata leaf disc ... | 2010 | 20578884 |
| [systematically induced effects of tetranychus cinnabarinus infestation on chemical defense in zea mays inbred lines]. | in the present study, we investigated the systematically induced production of defense-related compounds, including dimboa, total phenol, trypsin inhibitors (ti) and chymotrypsin inhibitor (ci), by tetranychus cinnabarinus infestation in zea mays. the first leaves of two corn in-bred line seedlings, the mite-tolerant line ' h1014168' and the mite-sensitive line 'h1014591', were sucked by t. cinnabarinus adult female for seven days, and then the contents of dimboa, total phenol, ti and ci were me ... | 2015 | 26785567 |
| the sodium channel gene in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval): identification and expression analysis of a mutation associated with pyrethroid resistance. | the carmine spider mite (csm), tetranychus cinnabarinus, is the most harmful mite pest of various crops and vegetable plants. pyrethroid insecticide fenpropathrin has been used to control insects and mites worldwide, but csm has developed resistance to this compound. | 2011 | 21370394 |
| suitable reference gene selection for different strains and developmental stages of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus, using quantitative real-time pcr. | reference genes are used as internal controls in gene expression studies, but their expression levels vary according to tissue types and experimental treatments. quantitative real-time pcr (qpcr) is the most sensitive technique for transcript quantification provided that gene transcription patterns are normalized to an evaluated reference gene. in this study, the suitability of eight commonly used genes (β-actin, 5.8srrna, α-tub, gapdh, rpl13a, rps18, tbp, sdha) were cloned and investigated to f ... | 2010 | 21265619 |
| high gama-aminobutyric acid contents involved in abamectin resistance and predation, an interesting phenomenon in spider mites. | abamectin has been widely used as an insecticide/acaricide for more than 30 years because of its superior bioactivity. recently, an interesting phenomenon was identified in the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus, an important pest in agriculture. the gamma aminobutyric acid (gaba) contents in a laboratory abamectin resistant strain of t. cinnabarinus (abr) were significantly increased. decreases in activity and mrna expression of gaba transaminase (gaba-t) were responsible for gaba ac ... | 2017 | 28443033 |
| adaptation of acaricide stress facilitates tetranychus urticae expanding against tetranychus cinnabarinus in china. | the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae, and the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus, are invasive and native species in china, respectively. compared with t. cinnabarinus, t. urticae has expanded into most parts of china and has become the dominant species of spider mite since 1983, when it was first reported in china. however, the mechanism of the demographic conversion has not been illuminated. in this study, one t. urticae field population and one t. cinnabarinus field pop ... | 2017 | 28303192 |
| first record of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus urticae, infesting withania somnifera in india. | during april-june 2010, red two-spotted carmine spider mites tetranychus urticae koch (trombidiformes: tetranychidae) were found on aerial apical parts of ashwagandha withania somnifera (l.) dunal (solanales: solanaceae) plants in the amritsar district of punjab province in the north indian plains. the mites fed on the leaves, making them shiny white in color, which gradually dried off and were later shed. the pest was identified as t. urticae. to best of our knowledge, this is the first record ... | 2012 | 22970740 |
| design, synthesis, structure, and acaricidal/insecticidal activity of novel spirocyclic tetronic acid derivatives containing an oxalyl moiety. | a series of novel spirocyclic tetronic acid derivatives containing an oxalyl moiety was designed and synthesized via the key intermediate 3-(2,4,6-trimethyl)-2-oxo-1-oxaspiro[4.4]-decyl-3-en-4-ol. the target compounds were identified by (1)h nmr and elemental analysis or high-resolution mass spectrum (hrms). the results of bioassays indicated that most of the target compounds possessed excellent acaricidal activities against carmine spider mite larvae and eggs. especially, diisopropylamino oxaly ... | 2011 | 22044426 |
| collaborative contribution of six cytochrome p450 monooxygenase genes to fenpropathrin resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (p450s), as an important family of detoxification enzymes, participate in the metabolism of agrochemicals in almost all agricultural pests and play important roles in the development of insecticide resistance. two p450 genes (cyp389b1 and cyp392a26) were identified and their expression patterns were investigated in our previous study. in this study, four more p450 gene sequences (cyp391a1, cyp384a1, cyp392d11 and cyp392a28) from the clan 2, clan 3 and clan 4 famili ... | 2016 | 27351452 |
| [bioactivity and action modes of bisdemethoxycurcumin against tetranychus cinnabarinus bois. (acari:tetranychidae)]. | this paper determined the contact-killing and fumigant activities of natural plant product bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdmc) on the important phytophagous mite tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari:tetranychidae) at its different life stages, and studied the repellency effects of bdmc on the mite larvae, nymphs, and adults, and the inhibition efficiency of bdmc on the female mite oviposition under the conditions of 26 degrees c +/- 1 degree c, 60%-80% rh, and light cycle 14l : 10d h. the median lethal conce ... | 2011 | 21941764 |
| characteristics of carboxylesterase genes and their expression-level between acaricide-susceptible and resistant tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | carboxylesterases (cares) play important roles in metabolism and detoxification of dietary and environmental xenobiotics in insects and mites. on the basis of the tetranychuscinnabarinus transcriptome dataset, 23 care genes (6 genes are full sequence and 17 genes are partial sequence) were identified. synergist bioassay showed that cares were involved in acaricide detoxification and resistance in fenpropathrin- (fer) and cyflumetofen-resistant (cyr) strains. in order to further reveal the relati ... | 2016 | 27265830 |
| transgenic cotton expressing cyp392a4 double-stranded rna decreases the reproductive ability of tetranychus cinnabarinus. | as a polyphagous pest, tetranychus cinnabarinus has the ability to overcome the defense of various hosts, and causes severe losses to various economically important crops. since the interaction between pest and host plants is a valuable clue to investigate potential ways for pest management, we intend to identify the key genes of t. cinnabarinus for its adaption on cotton, then, with rna interference (rnai) and transgenic technology, construct a transgenic cotton strain to interfere with this pr ... | 2017 | 27064066 |
| design, synthesis, acaricidal/insecticidal activity, and structure-activity relationship studies of novel oxazolines containing sulfone/sulfoxide groups based on the sulfonylurea receptor protein-binding site. | enormous compounds containing sulfone/sulfoxide groups have been used in a variety of fields, especially in drug and pesticide design. to search for novel environmentally benign and ecologically safe pesticides with unique modes of action, a series of 2,4-diphenyl-1,3-oxazolines containing sulfone/sulfoxide groups as chitin synthesis inhibitors (csis) were designed and synthesized on the basis of the sulfonylurea receptor protein-binding site for csis. their structures were characterized by (1)h ... | 2016 | 27046020 |
| analysis of the relationship between p-glycoprotein and abamectin resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | abamectin is an effective acaricide and widely used in the control of tetranychus cinnabarinus. with the increase of control failures, it is however important to clarify the resistance mechanism to improve the control of this mite. p-glycoprotein (pgp) is an atp-dependent drug efflux pump for xenobiotic compounds and is involved in multidrug resistance. in this study, the results showed that verapamil, the specific inhibitor of pgp, could enhance the lethal effect of abamectin on mites, and this ... | 2016 | 27017885 |
| synergistic inhibitory effect of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin on tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) (acari: tetranychidae). | the study aimed to investigate the synergistic activity of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdmc) against the carmine spider mite tetranychus cinnabarinus. the acaricidal activities of mixtures of scopoletin and bdmc against t. cinnabarinus female adults were measured via slide dipping and leaf disc dipping. a mathematical model was established by spss software. bioassays for multiple effects including contact, ovicidal, cowpea root intake, repellency and oviposition inhibitory activity were ... | 2016 | 26824978 |
| novel and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae). | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae), is an economically important and extremely polyphagous herbivorous pest, with the title of "resistance champion" among arthropods. anticholinesterase insecticides such as organophosphate and carbamate account for more than one-third of global insecticide sales. the non-target toxicity and resistance problem of organophosphate and carbamate have become of growing concern, which may be due to the fact that they target the ub ... | 2015 | 26520174 |
| design, synthesis, and acaricidal/insecticidal activities of oxazoline derivatives containing a sulfur ether moiety. | on the basis of etoxazole, a series of novel 2-(2,6-difluorophenyl)-4-(4-substituted phenyl)-1,3-oxazolines containing a sulfur ether moiety were designed and synthesized via the key intermediate n-(1-(4-(bromomethyl)phenyl)-2-chloroethyl)-2,6-difluorobenzamide. the bioassay results showed that most of these designed target compounds exhibited excellent acaricidal activity against both the eggs and larvae of tetranychus cinnabarinus, especially the eggs. among compounds with high activity agains ... | 2015 | 26499937 |
| isolation and identification of acaricidal compounds in inula japonica (asteraceae). | we identified acaricidal compounds in inula japonica thunberg (asteraceae) that were effective against carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). petroleum-ether extracts from i. japonica were toxic to t. cinnabarinus, with a 50% lethal concentration (lc50) value of 1.18 mg/ml. silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the acaricidal components. seventeen of 38 fraction groups had mite mortality rates >50%, nine fraction groups had rates >60%, and three fraction group ... | 2011 | 21510182 |
| the discovery of syp-10913 and syp-11277: novel strobilurin acaricides. | as previously reported, methyl (e)-2-[2-(2-phenylamino-6-trifluoromethylpyrimidin-4-yloxymethyl)phenyl]-3-methoxyacrylate has proven to be a new lead with highly acaricidal activity. following on from this, in an effort to discover new strobilurin analogues with improved activity, a series of substituted pyrimidines were synthesised and bioassayed. | 2011 | 21452169 |
| expression characteristics of two novel cytochrome p450 genes involved in fenpropathrin resistance in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus, which is also considered as the red form of tetranychus urticae, is one of the most serious mite pests on crops. it is capable of rapidly developing resistance to acaricides, and has caused difficulty in controlling. however, the resistance mechanism of this mite remains unclear at molecular level. as a member of main detoxification enzymes, cytochrome p450 monooxygenases (cyps or p450s) play important roles in the development of acaricide resis ... | 2015 | 25868814 |
| resistance status of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus and the twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae to selected acaricides on strawberries. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) and the twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch, are serious pests of strawberries and many other horticultural crops. control of these pests has been heavily dependent upon chemical acaricides. objectives of this study were to determine the resistance status of these two pest species to commonly used acaricides on strawberries in a year-round intensive horticultural production region. lc90 of abamectin for adult carmine spid ... | 2016 | 25409919 |
| design, synthesis and acaricidal activity of novel strobilurin derivatives containing pyrimidine moieties. | the intermediate derivatisation method based on bioisosteric replacement led to the discovery of the lead strobilurin compound 5a. to produce new strobilurin analogues with improved activity, a series of substituted pyrimidines were synthesised and bioassayed. | 2010 | 20681007 |
| molecular characterization and expression of three heat shock protein70 genes from the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | three heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) cdnas were isolated from the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus. they were tentatively named as tchsp70-1, tchsp70-2 and tchsp70-3. structural analyses showed that all of the three tchsp70 cdnas held the full open reading frame (orf). putative protein sequences and a phylogenetic tree suggested that tchsp70-1 and tchsp70-3 were cytoplasm hsp70 and tchsp70-2 was endoplasmic reticulum hsp70. comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of tchsp70-1 and ... | 2009 | 19320759 |
| high γ-aminobutyric acid content, a novel component associated with resistance to abamectin in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | an abamectin-resistant strain of tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval) (rf=25.3) was selected in laboratory. we compared the γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) content in abamectin-susceptible t. cinnabarinus individuals with that in resistant individuals and investigated its relationship to abamectin resistance. high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) was used to ascertain gaba content in abamectin-susceptible (ss) and resistant (ar) strains of t. cinnabarinus. the results indicate that gaba conte ... | 2010 | 20713058 |
| [lethal effects of scopoletin and bisdemethoxycurcumin against tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd. (acari: tetranychidae): a simulation study]. | by using slide-dip bioassay method under laboratory condition, an investigation was made on the lethal effects of scopoletin, bisdemethoxycurcumin (bdmc), and their combination at an optimal mass ratio (7:6) of scopoletin to bdmc against the adult females of tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd. a time-dose mortality model (tdm) was established, which passed the hosmer-lemeshow test. the sensitivity of the adult females to the concentration change of the acaricides was in the sequence of scopoletin > ... | 2013 | 23718010 |
| [relative fitness of tetranychus cinnabarinus resistant strains at different temperatures]. | based on resistance selection, the life tables of abameetin-resistant (abr), fenpropathrin-resistant (fer), and susceptible (s) strains of tetranychus cinnabarinus at 15 degrees c, 20 degrees c, 25 c, 28 degrees c, 31 degrees c, 34 degrees c, and 36 degrees c were constructed, and the development duration, fertility, and intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)) of the strains were compared, aimed to understand the relative fitness of t. cinnabarinus resistant strains at different temperatures. the resu ... | 2008 | 19238845 |
| synthesis and biological activities of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a 2-chloro-5-thiazolyl moiety. | a series of novel pyrazole oxime derivatives containing a 2-chloro-5-thiazolyl moiety were synthesized. their structures were confirmed by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, and elemental analysis. the preliminary bioassays showed that all of the title compounds had low acaricidal activity against tetranychus cinnabarinus . however, most of them exhibited excellent insecticidal activity against aphis medicagini at the dosage of 0.5 mg/ml, and some compounds still showed good insecticidal activity against a. m ... | 2008 | 18959421 |
| discovery of a new insecticide lead by optimizing a target-diverse scaffold: tetrazolinone derivatives. | in order to discover lead compounds with novel action mechanism, a series of tetrazolinone derivatives bearing structurally diverse substituents, 1-aryl-4-substituted-1,4-di-hydro-5h-tetrazol-5-ones 2, 1-((5-(alkylthio)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl)-4-(substituted)- phenyl-1h-tetrazol-5(4h)-ones 5, and 1-((5-(alkylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)methyl)-4- (substituted)phenyl-1h-tetrazol-5(4h)-ones 7, were designed and synthesized in good yields by a multiple-step synthetic procedure. the results of ... | 2007 | 17178226 |
| [sublethal effect of chlorpyrifos on dynamics of experimental tetranychus cinnabarinus population]. | by using jackknife technique and wilcoxon (gehan) statistic method, the lc35 sublethal effect of chlorpyrifos on the population dynamics of tetranychus cinnabarinus was studied in laboratory. the results showed that under the conditions of 30 degrees c +/- 1degrees c, (70 +/- 15) % rh and a photoperiod of 16l: 8d, there were no significant differences in the longevity of female adult, f1 hatchability, and sex ratio of t. cinnabarinus between chlorpyrifos treatment and the control, but the total ... | 2006 | 17044521 |
| acaricidal activities of extracts of kochia scoparia against tetranychus urticae, tetranychus cinnabarinus, and tetranychus viennensis (acari: tetranychidae). | extracts of an annual herbaceous plant, kochia scoparia (l.) schrad (macrophomina), were bioassayed to determine their acaricidal activities against tetranychus urticae koch, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), and tetranychus viennensis zacher (acari: tetranychidae) in the laboratory. extracts had both contact and systemic toxicity to these mites. three solvents were tested for preparing crude extracts: petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol. methanol was the most effective solvent, extrac ... | 2006 | 16813322 |
| influence of long-term exposure to simulated acid rain on development, reproduction and acaricide susceptibility of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus. | development, reproduction and acaricide susceptibility of tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduvals) (acari: tetranychidae) were investigated after long-term (about 40 generations) exposure to various levels of acid rain; ph 2.5, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.6. deionized water (ph 6.8) served as a control. the mites were reared on eggplant leaves at 28 degrees c, 80%rh and a photoperiod of 14:10 (l:d) in the laboratory. the results showed that the duration of the immature stage was significantly affected by acid ... | 2006 | 19537978 |
| herbivorous mites as ecological engineers: indirect effects on arthropods inhabiting papaya foliage. | we examined the potential of a leaf roller to indirectly influence a community of arthropods. two mite species are the key herbivores on papaya leaves in hawaii: a spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus boisduval, and an eriophyid mite, calacarus flagelliseta, which induces upward curling of the leaf margin at the end of the summer when populations reach high densities. a survey and three manipulative field experiments demonstrated that (1) leaf rolls induce a consistent shift in the spatial dist ... | 2003 | 12721835 |
| life history and life tables of the carmine spider mite. | | 1974 | 4446903 |
| cloning and characterization of the acetylcholinesterase1 gene of tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae). | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is a major agriculture pest. it can be found worldwide, has an extensive host plant range, and has shown resistance to pesticides. organophosphate and carbamate insecticides account for more than one-third of all insecticide sales. insecticide resistance and the toxicity of organophosphate and carbamate insecticides to mammals have become a growing concern. acetylcholinesterase (ache) is the major targeted enzyme of organophosphate a ... | 2015 | 26470189 |
| transcriptome analysis of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval, 1867) (acari: tetranychidae), and its response to β-sitosterol. | tetranychus cinnabarinus (acari: tetranychidae) is a worldwide polyphagous agricultural pest that has the title of resistance champion among arthropods. we reported previously the identification of the acaricidal compound β-sitosterol from mentha piperita and inula japonica. however, the acaricidal mechanism of β-sitosterol is unclear. due to the limited genetic research carried out, we de novo assembled the transcriptome of t. cinnabarinus using illumina sequencing and conducted a differential ... | 2015 | 26078964 |
| molecular cloning and expression of glutathione s-transferases involved in propargite resistance of the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | the carmine spider mite (csm) tetranychus cinnabarinus has become a serious pest in china and has developed resistance to acaricide propargite as it is used to control mites worldwide including t. cinnabarinus. in this study, a resistant colony of t. cinnabarinus, prr34 (37.78-fold resistant ratio), was established after 34 generations of propargite selection, and cross-resistance patterns of 7 other acaricides were determined in comparison with a susceptible strain (ss). the contribution of det ... | 2014 | 25175649 |
| resistance selection and biochemical mechanism of resistance against cyflumetofen in tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval). | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus is an important crop and vegetable plants pest mite. as a novel acaricide, cyflumetofen is effective against tetranychus and panonychus mites, but its risk and biochemical mechanism of resistance in mites is not clear. in this study, the resistance against cyflumetofen was selected and its biochemical mechanisms were studied in t. cinnabarinus. after selection the susceptibility and resistance against cyflumetofen in t. cinnabarinus, the final re ... | 2014 | 24861930 |
| the molecular marker of kdr against fenpropathrin in tetranychus cinnabarinus. | the carmine spider mite, tetranychus cinnabarinus (boisduval), is one of the most important pests in agricultural industry. pyrethroid insecticide has been used to control insects and mites worldwide. however, the intensive use of pyrethroid insecticide resulted in the development of resistance, which has mainly been induced by a variety of point mutations responsible for voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) insensitivity and has become the biggest obstacle to sustain the use of pyrethroid insect ... | 2013 | 24498748 |
| synthesis and insecticidal activities of novel pyrazole oxime ether derivatives with different substituted pyridyl rings. | pyrazole oxime ether derivatives with different substituted pyridyl rings represent new types of compounds that possess good insecticidal and acarcidal activity against aphis laburni kaltenbach and tetranychus cinnabarinus. | 2014 | 24167146 |