| leptospirosis in the seychelles. | to ascertain the incidence of leptospirosis in the seychelles, identify its sources, review diagnostic features and assess complications. | 1992 | 1545718 |
| effect of heat or formalin treatment of leptospires on antibody response detected by immunoblotting. | leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae rga (rga), live or heated at 56 degrees c for 15 min or treated with formalin, was injected into rabbits to prepare hyperimmune serum. the pathogens l. interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae rga, icterohaemorrhagiae 1, canicola moulton, grippotyphosa andaman, hardjo hardjoprajitno, and pomona pomona and the nonpathogen leptospina biflexa serovar patoc patoc 1 were processed for sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and aft ... | 1991 | 1885754 |
| cloning of genes required for amino acid biosynthesis from leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | leptospira interrogans belongs to a large family of important pathogens, which is part of the order spirochaetales, a distinct group of eubacteria. in order to obtain a better understanding of the genetic organization of this species, we have constructed a dna library of the serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, using the escherichia coli vector puc13. we have isolated leptospira dna fragments containing the genetic information required to complement strains of e. coli with defects in proline and leucine ... | 1990 | 2204676 |
| experimental leptospirosis (l. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae) of the guinea pig: leptospiral antigen, gamma globulin and complement c3 detection in the kidney. | morphofunctional and immunofluorescent studies were done in guinea pigs experimentally infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae to determine the role of leptospiral antigen, gamma-globulin, and complement c3 deposits in the pathogenesis of the renal lesions. a sharp increase in leptospiral antigen deposits was observed in the late phase of the experimental infection. immunoglobulin and complement c3 were small compared with the heavy leptospiral antigen deposits. moreover ... | 1986 | 2422052 |
| restriction endonuclease dna analysis of leptospira interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and copenhageni. | leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strains ictero no. i and rga and serovar copenhageni strains m20, shiromizu and shibaura were examined by restriction endonuclease dna analysis. fifteen endonucleases (alui, bamhi, bglii, ecori, haeiii, hhai, hindiii, kpni, psti, saci, sali, smai, styi, xbai and xhoi) were used as the digesting enzymes. strain ictero no. i showed endonuclease cleavage patterns which differed from those of the other four strains only when it was digested with enz ... | 1988 | 2850447 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies against etiological agents of weil's disease. | monoclonal antibodies against etiological agents of weil's disease were produced by cell fusion technology. twenty hybridomas were produced through the fusion of p3x63ag8 .653 cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized against leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae rga strain and serovar copenhageni shiromizu and m20 strains. reactivities of the antibodies produced by the hybridomas were determined by the microscopic agglutination test. among the five hybridoma antibodies to ... | 1984 | 6738384 |
| hemostatic changes in dogs with experimental leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection. | | 1982 | 7091860 |
| characterization of leptospiraceae by 16s dna restriction fragment length polymorphisms. | chromosomal dna from 37 leptospiracae representing genetic species, groups and reference strains together with five leptospire isolates and escherichia coli were digested with the restriction endonucleases bamhi, clai and ecori. the southern blots were hybridized with a biotinylated e. coli 1.5 kb 16s rdna probe and gave 36 reproducible and unique patterns. with the exception of the type strain (leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae rga) and neotype strain (serovar icterohaemorrhagi ... | 1993 | 7691982 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the edta extract of leptospira interrogans, serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were produced against an ethylenediaminetetraacetate (edta) extract of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae being characterized by gel precipitation as igm and igg (igg1 and igg2b). the edta extract was detected as several bands by silver staining in sds-page. in the western blot the bands around 20 kda reacted with a monoclonal antibody, 47b4d6, and was oxidized by periodate and was not digested by pronase, suggesting that the determinant is of carbohy ... | 1996 | 8885673 |
| invasion of vero cells and induction of apoptosis in macrophages by pathogenic leptospira interrogans are correlated with virulence. | interactions of virulent leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain verdun with vero cells (african green monkey kidney fibroblasts) and a monocyte-macrophage-like cell line (j774a.1) were assayed by a double-fluorescence immunolabelling method. infectivity profiles were investigated according to (i) the duration of contact between leptospires and eukaryotic cells and (ii) the number of in vitro passages after primary isolation from lethally infected guinea pigs. comparative exper ... | 1997 | 9009336 |
| physical and genetic maps of the leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no.1 chromosome and sequencing of a 19-kb region of the genome containing the 5s rrna gene. | we report the construction of physical and genetic maps of the chromosome of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no.1 using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of dna fragments generated by digestion with enzymes srfi, asci, fsei, and noti and using reciprocal hybridization. we also sequenced the 19-kilobase (kb) dna segment including the one gene for 5s rrna (rrf) of pathogenic leptospira. the size of the chromosome of the strain ictero no.1 was estimated to be 4673kb ... | 1998 | 9666070 |
| identification of a 36-kda fibronectin-binding protein expressed by a virulent variant of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | we investigated the ability of a virulent strain of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, its isogenic avirulent variant and a saprophytic strain to bind fibronectin using alkaline phosphatase-labelled fibronectin. a single 36-kda fibronectin-binding protein was expressed only by the virulent strain and was located in the outer sheath according to proteinase k treatment results. the interaction of this protein with fibronectin was specific and the region of fibronectin bound to thi ... | 2000 | 10731601 |
| uptake and killing of leptospira interrogans and borrelia burgdorferi, spirochetes pathogenic to humans, by reticuloendothelial cells in perfused rat liver. | in situ-perfused rat livers were infused with a single dose of 1.5 x 10(7) radiolabeled cells of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, the agent of leptospirosis, or with borrelia burgdorferi irs, the agent of lyme disease. significant (p<0.0001) differences in the liver uptake of l. interrogans and of b. burgdorferi were observed, the uptakes being 37.4%+/-2.3% for l. interrogans and 60.5%+/-3.1% for b. burgdorferi. leptospires, in contrast to borreliae, were recovered from the li ... | 2000 | 10948172 |
| duration of immunity in dogs vaccinated against leptospirosis with a bivalent inactivated vaccine. | duration of immunity in dogs induced with current commercial inactivated leptospirosis vaccines and evaluated against experimental infection, to date, has hardly been documented. the purpose of the present work was to assess the duration of immunity in dogs that is attainable with a commercial inactivated bivalent leptospirosis vaccine. for this purpose, young dogs were vaccinated twice followed by challenge with either leptospira interrogans serovar canicola or l. interrogans serovar icterohaem ... | 2003 | 12860082 |
| natural occurrence of leptospira icterohemorrhagiae infection in the common muskrat (ondatra zibethicus zibethicus). a preliminary report. | | 1962 | 13879711 |
| [indirect immunofluorescence and the complement fixation reaction realized with leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae]. | | 1963 | 13943620 |
| satellitism on solid media of virulent leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. | | 1963 | 14033043 |
| (satellitism of virulent leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae) recent investigations of leptospira on solid media. | | 1963 | 14042177 |
| leptospiral colonial morphology. | stalheim, o. h. v. (university of wisconsin, madison) and j. b. wilson. leptospiral colonial morphology. j. bacteriol. 86:482-489. 1963.-a sequence of apparent colonial types was observed with colonies of leptospira pomona, l. canicola, l. icterohaemorrhagiae, and l. grippotyphosa in agar medium. although some colonies of these serotypes had a different appearance initially, they eventually developed the mature or final appearance characteristic of the serotype. colonies of freshly isolated, vir ... | 1963 | 14066425 |
| growth of pathogenic leptospirae by replacing rabbit serum with mycobacterium phlei or mycobacterium smegmatis. | | 1963 | 14080790 |
| [some differences between pathogenic leptospira and saprophytic leptospira]. | | 1963 | 14085953 |
| transplacental or congenital infection of leptospirosis. clinical and experimental observations. | | 1963 | 14100807 |
| virulence and distribution of leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae in experimental guinea pig infections. | | 1964 | 14103240 |
| the leptospirae of the italian hedge-hog. | | 1964 | 14107351 |
| a method of conservation of pathogenic leptospira organisms while preserving their virulence. | | 1963 | 14110344 |
| [leptospirosis canicola: verification of an outbreak occurring in a locality very close to s ao paulo (capital)]. | | 1963 | 14116859 |
| the pathogenesis of leptospirosis: toxin production by leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. | | 1964 | 14141528 |
| [cross infection experiments with virulent leptospirae of various pathogenic serotypes]. | | 1964 | 14174072 |
| antigenic similarity and immunobiological relationships between serotypes of the leptospirae, l. icterohaemorrhagiae and l. canicola. | | 1964 | 14184876 |
| [jaundice caused by leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae]. | | 1964 | 14186420 |
| [persistence of leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae in the axolotl (ambystoma tigrinum)]. | | 1963 | 14190217 |
| antibiotic therapy of experimental leptospiral infection in chick embryos. ii. comparison of the action of demethylchlortetracycline and three other tetracyclines with and without ascorbic acid on leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae. | | 1964 | 14193886 |
| first isolations of leptospirae in cape town. | | 1964 | 14194742 |
| [on leptospiral uveitis]. | | 1964 | 14207975 |
| phagocytosis and its significance in leptospiral infection. | | 1964 | 14208690 |
| studies on the distribution of leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae in the organism of infected guinea pigs. | | 1964 | 14211329 |
| transformation of leptospira. | | 1964 | 14222283 |
| [study of the cytopathic effect of a strain of leptospira ictero-haemorrhagiae on embryo liver cells in primary culture and in continuous culture]. | | 1964 | 14228930 |
| [new immunochemical research on leptospirosis. gamma globulin serum]. | | 1964 | 14236375 |
| differentiation of pathogenic and saprophytic leptospires with 8-azaguanine. | johnson, russell c. (university of minnesota, minneapolis), and palmer rogers. differentiation of pathogenic and saprophytic leptospires with 8-azaguanine. j. bacteriol. 88:1618-1623. 1964.-the use of the purine analogue, 8-azaguanine, as a differential agent for the separation of pathogenic and saprophytic leptospires was investigated. growth of strains of the saprophyte leptospira biflexa was almost insensitive to the bacteriostatic action of 8-azaguanine at concentrations varying from 25 to 6 ... | 1964 | 14244050 |
| the epidemiology of leptospirosis in north queensland. i. general surgery of animal hosts. | | 1964 | 14244080 |
| antileptospiral activity of normal serum. | | 1965 | 14291607 |
| silver staining of spirochaetes in single tissue sections. | | 1965 | 14304261 |
| [leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae and leptospira sejroe in breeds of white rats and mice]. | | 1965 | 14344750 |
| broth microdilution susceptibility testing for leptospira spp. | leptospirosis in humans has traditionally been treated with penicillin or doxycycline. the choice of therapy offered at the time of initial patient presentation is often empirical, as definitive diagnosis can take weeks. determining the activity of numerous antimicrobial agents against a wide range of leptospira serovars may broaden empirical therapeutic options. various antimicrobials have been shown to be active against a limited number of serovars in in vitro studies, chiefly by the use of br ... | 2004 | 15105104 |
| [leptospirosis in children: a not infrequent disease]. | | 1978 | 16114366 |
| [efficacy of spirolept vaccine against human leptospirosis as estimated by passive protection of laboratory rodents]. | this study had for aim to assess the serological response induced by the spirolept vaccine against human leptospirosis. | 2004 | 16235594 |
| [+effect of glycine, isoleucine or tryptophan deficiency on the antibody production)]. | | 1964 | 14174069 |
| leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae subserotype incompleta isolated from wildlife in pennsylvania. | | 1963 | 14018574 |
| quantitative pcr assay to evaluate ampicillin, ofloxacin, and doxycycline for treatment of experimental leptospirosis. | the susceptibility of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain verdun to selected antibiotics used in medical practice (ampicillin, doxycycline, and ofloxacin) was evaluated in a syrian hamster model, to determine the efficacy of these antibiotics during the course of the disease. a quantitative pcr assay was used to monitor the density of leptospires in blood and in target organs (liver, kidney, lung, heart, and spleen). our results demonstrated the ability of ampicillin at a h ... | 2002 | 11850271 |
| repetitive sequence of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no. 1: a sensitive probe for demonstration of leptospira interrogans strains. | a 4.8-kilobase (kb) repetitive sequence element generated with kpni digestion was cloned from the leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain ictero no. 1. the sequence, repeated in tandem, was located on the 280-kb fragment between the fsei and asci sites on the chromosome by hybridization using the 4.8-kb fragment as a probe. we cloned the fragment containing the element for the ictero no. 1 strain in a lambda embl3 bacteriophage dna, and one out of 5 clones was sequenced. within ... | 1999 | 10529108 |
| leptospirosis-induced meningitis and acute renal failure in a 19-month-old male child. | an unusual case of leptospirosis is described in a 19-month-old male child presenting with meningitis and acute renal failure without jaundice. some aspects concerning the pathogenesis and treatment of this potentially life-threatening disease are also discussed. leptospirosis was diagnosed on the basis of history and serological tests. | 2006 | 16687602 |
| in vivo apoptosis of hepatocytes in guinea pigs infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | to investigate the contribution of the previously demonstrated in vitro apoptosis to the pathogenesis of leptospirosis, guinea pigs were infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain verdun and sequentially killed to collect target organs involved in the natural history of the disease (liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen and heart). the combination of histopathological procedures and a specific tunel assay showed a significant leptospira-induced programmed cell death of hepat ... | 1998 | 9851039 |
| evaluation of a rapid slide agglutination test for the diagnosis of acute canine leptospirosis. | the standard method for the diagnostic of leptospirosis is the microscopic agglutination test (mat). nevertheless, it is time-consuming and presents risk of infection for laboratory personal. several attempts to simplify and reduce the time, skill and expense required for serological testing were made. rapid slide agglutination tests (rsat) have been used nowadays as a reliable screening test for the detection of acute and recent infections by many laboratories. the purpose of that study was to ... | 2002 | 17061485 |
| iron limitation and expression of immunoreactive outer membrane proteins in leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae strain lai. | | 2006 | 17185872 |
| morphological characterization of lung and kidney lesions in c3h/hej mice infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae: defect of cd4+ and cd8+ t-cells are prognosticators of the disease progression. | neonates and young c3h/hej mice were highly susceptible to lethal infection with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. the main pathological changes were seen by light microscopy in the lung and kidneys of 3-week-old mice at 11 days after inoculation. lung histological lesions included small and medium-sized vasculitis with fibrinoid changes, hemorrhages, moderate infiltrate of mononuclear inflammatory cells and fibrin thrombi. in the kidney there was mild to severe acute tubular n ... | 1998 | 9681649 |
| leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae seropositivity and the reproductive performance of sows. | the reproductive performance of 28 sows seropositive to leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae was compared with that of 87 leptospira sp. seronegative dams belonging to the same herd. sows were sampled during 1988 to 1993. during this period the herd was not submitted to any kind of intervention (antibiotic therapy, immunoprophylaxis or rodent control). relative risks (rr) of return to heat, mummified fetuses, stillbirth, and weak newborn piglets for infected sows were assessed and ... | 1997 | 9234428 |
| experimental immunization of hamsters with an edta extract of leptospira interrogans, serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | the edta extract was prepared from the leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. when inoculated subcutaneously in hamsters it conferred protection from challenge with virulent leptospires with a low dose (10 micrograms/ml) and low agglutinating antibody (40). the protection of animals obtained by the edta extract opens up the perspective of its use as a component of a vaccine for the control of leptospirosis. | 1996 | 8783904 |
| decreased erythrocyte osmotic fragility during canine leptospirosis. | erythrocyte osmotic fragility (eof) was carried out in nineteen dogs naturally infected by leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. a decreased eof was observed, suggesting a modification of erythrocyte components secondary to disturbances that occur during canine leptospirosis, such as renal damage and hepatic disease. | 1994 | 7997768 |
| serum biochemical changes in dogs with experimental leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection. | inoculation of 2 groups of dogs with 1 x 10(9) and 4 x 10(9) leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae produced disease varying from transient fever to uremia and death. clinical signs of disease in the severely affected dogs were fever, dehydration, depression, and icterus. laboratory changes in serum of infected dogs included increased urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase. chloride concen ... | 1981 | 7271027 |
| effect of cyclophosphamide treatment on clinical and serologic response of rats to infection with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | young albino rats were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and exposed to virulent and low-virulence leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae 820k. in rats exposed to virulent and low virulence leptospires, microscopic agglutinating antibody responses occurred later, and longer leptospiremic phase and more massive tissue invasion by the organisms were observed in immunosuppressed rats than in immunocompetent controls. clinical and pathologic signs of illness were more severe in the ... | 1980 | 7224292 |
| effect of heat or chemical treatment on leptospiral antigens. | the use of bacterins is one of the primary methods in the control of leptospirosis in domestic animals, especially cattle, swine, and dogs. bacterins have been made using chemically treated or heat-inactivated organisms. many of the initial studies indicated that the bacterins gave complete protection, whereas later reports found that some inactivation methods resulted in bacterins that protect against death but not against kidney infection and renal shedding. this raised the possibility that so ... | 1987 | 3818922 |
| detection of antibodies to leptospirosis in experimentally infected dogs using the microcapsule agglutination test. | six puppies were infected with a virulent strain of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae and another five animals with a virulent strain of leptospira interrogans serovar canicola, respectively. antibodies were examined at 3, 5, 7, 11 and 14 days after infection, using the microcapsule agglutination test (mcat) and the conventional microscopic agglutination test (mat). compared with the mat, the mcat detected early specific igm antibody with high sensitivity. the mcat titres reache ... | 1989 | 2775983 |
| leptospirosis pulmonary haemorrhage: a diagnostic challenge. | leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonosis with worldwide distribution. antibiotic treatment is available, but leptospirosis is rarely suspected due to the non-specific clinical presentation, and is also underreported due to the difficulty in confirming the diagnosis. the syndrome of leptospirosis pulmonary haemorrhage is increasingly described; it is severe and can present without the classical manifestations of weil's disease. we discuss two cases of leptospirosis with pulmonary haemorrhage; both ... | 2008 | 18156549 |
| rapid serodiagnosis of leptospirosis by latex agglutination test and flow-through assay. | diagnosis of leptospirosis facilitates patient management and initiation of therapy. the microscopic agglutination test (mat) is the serological test used in reference laboratories because of its high degree of sensitivity and specificity. but the results are not available quickly for patient management. in the present study, in order to develop a simple, rapid immunodiagnostic assay, one of the outer membrane proteins (omps), recombinant lipl41 (rlipl41) has been utilised in latex agglutination ... | 2008 | 18227597 |
| severe course of rat bite-associated weil's disease in a patient diagnosed with a new leptospira-specific real-time quantitative lux-pcr. | leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease with global distribution, caused by spirochaetes of the genus leptospira. transmission of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, the causative agent of weil's disease, to humans usually results from exposure to the urine of infected, but mostly asymptomatic, rodents, either by direct contact or indirectly through contaminated soil or water. although regarded as a re-emerging infectious disease, human leptospirosis is probably underdiagnosed due to ... | 2008 | 18436602 |
| the dangers of volunteer work in rural asia--acute lung injury as the first manifestation of weil's disease. | | 2008 | 19046715 |
| scattering of the rrna genes on the physical map of the circular chromosome of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | leptospira interrogans is a pathogenic bacterium with a low g+c content (34 to 39%). the restriction enzymes noti, asci, and srfi cut the chromosome of l. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae into 13, 3, and 5 fragments separable by one- and two-dimensional pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the genome is composed of a circular 4.6-mbp chromosome and a 0.35-mbp extrachromosomal element. a physical map of the chromosome was constructed for noti, asci, and srfi by using single and double ... | 1992 | 1447129 |
| cloning of dapd, arod and asd of leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, and nucleotide sequence of the asd gene. | metabolites such as diaminopimelate and some aromatic derivatives, not synthesized in mammalian cells, are essential for growth of bacteria. as a first step towards the design of a new human live vaccine that uses attenuated strains of leptospira interrogans, the asd, arod and dapd genes, encoding aspartate beta-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 3-dehydroquinase and tetrahydrodipicolinate n-succinyltransferase, respectively, were cloned by complementation of escherichia coli mutants. the complete nucl ... | 1992 | 1348268 |
| case of fulminant leptospirosis in a renal transplant patient. | we present a case of fulminant leptospirosis that was acquired in the suburban area by a 48-year-old male renal transplant recipient. he developed acute renal and hepatic failure with profound jaundice. spirochetes were identified on liver biopsy. weil's disease was suspected, and the diagnosis was further supported by a positive serum leptospira interrogans icterohaemorrhagiae antibody titer. unfortunately, he suffered from recurrent lower gastrointestinal bleeding, had a prolonged hospital cou ... | 2009 | 19558375 |
| severe leptospirosis in hospitalized patients, guadeloupe. | we evaluated prognostic factors for leptospirosis in 168 consecutive hospitalized patients in guadeloupe. factors independently associated with severity included chronic hypertension or chronic alcoholism, late initiation of antibacterial therapy, abnormal chest auscultation results, icterus, oligoanuria, disorders of consciousness, elevated aspartate aminotransferase levels, hyperamylasemia, and leptospira interrogans serovar icterohemorrhagiae. | 2010 | 20113574 |
| leptospirosis in zoo workers associated with bears. | leptospirosis due to leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae was diagnosed in two zoo animal keepers. the implicated source of infection was bear cubs that had microscopic agglutination antibody titers to leptospires of the icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup. | 1978 | 626276 |
| toll-like receptor 4 protects against lethal leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae infection and contributes to in vivo control of leptospiral burden. | the roles of innate immune responses in protection from or pathogenesis of severe leptospirosis remain unclear. we examined the role of toll-like receptors (tlrs) in mouse infection and macrophage responses to leptospira. c3h/hej mice (tlr4 deficient) and c3h/hej-scid mice, but not c3h/ouj mice (tlr4 intact), died after intraperitoneal infection with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. death in both c3h/hej mouse strains was associated with jaundice and pulmonary hemorrhage, simi ... | 2006 | 16428731 |
| isolation of leptospira interrogans from suburban rats in tandil, buenos aires, argentina. | the main objective of this study was to investigate the role of wild rodents as leptospira spp. reservoirs in a suburban area of tandil city, buenos aires province (argentina), where a person had died due to pulmonary leptospirosis. the specific objectives were: to estimate the rodent density near the patient's home, to determine the serological prevalence and isolation of leptospirosis from wild rodents, and to identify the isolated strains. the area examined was a suburban neighbourhood in tan ... | 2010 | 20589335 |
| regulation of complement activation at the c3-level by serum resistant leptospires. | leptospires are spirochetes that are transmitted to humans through contacts with wild or domestic animals or via an exposure to contaminated soil or water. in this study we have compared the serum-sensitivity of five pathogenic strains of leptospires (l. interrogans) to an environmental isolate (strain patoc). different levels of sensitivities to human serum were seen. interestingly, the most sensitive strain was the non-pathogenic patoc strain. the fully and intermediately resistant strains hav ... | 2005 | 16169184 |
| leptospira serovar as prognostic factor. | | 2010 | 20678345 |
| [epidemiological surveillance of leptospirosis on reunion island in 2004-2008: possible impact of chikungunya infection on the case fatality rate of leptospirosis.] | in 2006, increased mortality due to leptospirosis in reunion island had alerted the authorities and justified the conduct of this study in order to update knowledge on the epidemiology of leptospirosis, whereas the latest epidemiological data published on the disease dated back to 2003. this study followed the scheme of a descriptive retrospective survey based on data from reporting and investigation of hospitalized cases of leptospirosis that occurred in reunion between the 1st january 2004 and ... | 2010 | 21174236 |
| [acute leptospirosis in children in reunion island: a retrospective review of 16 cases]. | leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis caused by pathogenic species of the genus leptospira. this infectious disease known with a high incidence in reunion island (french overseas territories in indian ocean) is in state of endemia especially during rains season. | 2005 | 15994067 |
| identification and analysis of genes present in leptospira interrogans serovar lai but absent in l. biflexa serovar monvalerio. | genes present in virulent bacterial strains but absent in avirulent close relatives can be of great biologic and clinical interest. this project aimed to identify strain specific dna sequences of leptospira interrogans serovar lai, which is absent in the saprophytic l. biflexa serovar monvalerio, via suppression subtractive hybridization with the former as the tester while the latter as the driver. the mixture of pcr amplified dna fragments from two subtractive hybridization experiments were clo ... | 2004 | 15592651 |
| Gene expression profiles of immune mediators and histopathological findings in animal models of leptospirosis: comparison between susceptible hamsters and resistant mice. | Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis characterised by multiple organ failures and the variability of host susceptibility towards pathogenic Leptospira strains. In this study, we put the role of inflammatory mediators in parallel with bacterial burdens and organ lesions by comparing a susceptible animal model, the hamster, and a resistant one, the OF1 mouse, both infected with virulent L. interrogans serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae strain Verdun. Histological observations evidenced oedema, congesti ... | 2011 | 21844232 |
| cholinesterases as markers of the inflammatory process in rats infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae. | the aim of this study was evaluate changes in the cholinesterase activity in blood, lymphocytes and serum of rats infected with leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae ('l. icterohaemorrhagiae'). sixty adult wistar rats were divided into six groups of 10 animals: three control groups and three test groups. the animals from the test groups were intraperitoneally inoculated with 1 ml medium containing 1×10(8) leptospires. the activity of acetylcholinesterase in blood and butyrylcholines ... | 2011 | 21921108 |
| proposal to list atcc 43642 as the type strain of leptospira interrogans in the approved lists of bacterial names. request for an opinion. | atcc 23581(t) has been cited as the type strain of leptospira interrogans since 1980. in 1986, the centers for disease control informed the atcc that this strain was leptospira interrogans serovar budapest, not serovar icterohaemorrhagiae as deposited originally. an authentic culture of the leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae rga(t) strain was then submitted and assigned atcc 43642, which was designated as the type strain of leptospira interrogans in an article by yasuda et al. [y ... | 2004 | 15545494 |
| [clinical reasoning and decision-making in practice. a man with jaundice, renal function disorder, thrombocytopenia, muscular pain and confusion]. | a 51-year-old man became jaundiced, after experiencing flu-like symptoms for a week. on admission anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and hepatic and renal function disorders were present. one month previously he had had sinusitis. thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (ttp)/haemolitic-uraemic syndrome (hus) was suspected, but the thrombocyte count rose spontaneously. the leukocytosis indicated an infectious cause of the symptoms and the jaundice appeared to originate from intrahepatic cholestasis. all sym ... | 2004 | 15211963 |
| [a case of acute pancreatitis due to weil's disease]. | leptospirosis, the most common vasculitic zoonosis in the world, is characterized with jaundice and acute renal failure. however, pancreatitis is an uncommon complication of leptospirosis. in this report, an acute pancreatitis case due to weil's disease has been presented. a 31-year-old female patient with high levels of glucose, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, creatine kinase, bilirubin, amylase and lipase, has been diagnosed to have leptospirosis by the high positive result (1/800) of microsc ... | 2003 | 14748267 |
| [weil's disease then and now; on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the germ causing weil's disease by uhlenhut and fromme]. | | 1965 | 14307675 |
| virulence-linked colonial and morphological variation in leptospira. | faine, s. (university of sydney, sydney, australia), and j. van der hoeden. virulence-linked colonial and morphological variation in leptospira. j. bacteriol. 88:1493-1496. 1964.-large-colony typical hooked leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae was virulent for hamsters and guinea pigs. on cultivation, it was gradually replaced by a serologically identical small-colony avirulent straight mutant. the hooked virulent form was selected in vivo. | 1964 | 14234810 |
| [immunogenicity and protective capacity of leptospiral whole-cell monovalent serogroup ballum vaccines in hamsters]. | leptospira serogroup ballum is at present the first cause of human leptospirosis in cuba. killed whole-cell vaccines were formulated with two clinical isolates of leptospira interrogans serogroup ballum using aluminum hydroxide as adjuvant. agglutinins levels induced by each vaccine in hamsters were estimated by microscopic agglutination test and specific igg activities were quantified by a whole cell-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. homologous and cross protective capacity against letha ... | 2005 | 16502635 |
| influence of leptospirosis on reproductive performance of sows in brazil. | the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between seropositivity for the most frequent leptospira serovars and reproductive losses in sows in brazil. serum samples from 351 sows from 18 herds (in the state of rio de janeiro, brazil) with low reproductive efficiency were tested (microscopic agglutination) for antibodies against serovars of leptospira. antibodies were detected in serum samples of 66.1% of all sows, most frequently serovar icterohaemorrhagiae (43.1%), followed by ... | 2006 | 16584764 |
| an outbreak of leptospirosis in seals (phoca vitulina) in captivity. | an outbreak of leptospirosis in seals (phoca vitulina) in captivity is described. in a zoo in the netherlands 5 adult seals died within 12 days. at necropsy all animals showed signs of acute septicaemia, consistent with acute leptospirosis. serological examination of one animal was positive for antibodies against leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae and the serologically closely related serovar copenhageni. polymerase chain reaction was positive in one other animal. 8 nutria (myoca ... | 2006 | 16605159 |
| determining risk for severe leptospirosis by molecular analysis of environmental surface waters for pathogenic leptospira. | although previous data indicate that the overall incidence of human leptospirosis in the peruvian amazon is similar in urban and rural sites, severe leptospirosis has been observed only in the urban context. as a potential explanation for this epidemiological observation, we tested the hypothesis that concentrations of more virulent leptospira would be higher in urban than in rural environmental surface waters. | 2006 | 16933963 |
| [a severe case of weil's disease]. | leptospirosis which is caused by leptospira species, may present with clinical features that vary from a mild flu-like illness to an acute life-threatening condition. weil's disease, the most severe form of leptospirosis is characterized by multiorgan involvement including liver, kidney and lungs. in this report a severe weil's disease was presented. a 43 years old male patient who had a history of swallowing water while swimming in the creek, was admitted to the hospital with the complaints of ... | 2007 | 17427565 |
| canine leptospirosis infections - clinical signs and outcome with different suspected leptospira serogroups (42 cases). | the aim of the study was to investigate the presence of serum antibodies to different leptospira serogroups in dogs with a clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis in southern germany and to compare seroreactivity to different serogroups with history, clinical signs, laboratory findings and survival rate. | 2007 | 17490440 |
| [leptospirosis in uraba, antioquia, colombia: a seroepidemiological and risk factor survey in the urban population]. | leptospirosis is a widespread zoonosis in tropical regions. the prevalence is unknown in the colombian region of uraba. a cross sectional study was conducted from march to october 2000 in order to determine the prevalence of leptospira spp. antibodies and describe risk factors in nine counties in the region. the sample consisted of 582 individuals, who answered a questionnaire and had blood samples drawn to determine risk factors. detection of leptospira spp. antibodies was based on indirect inm ... | 2007 | 17700944 |
| proteome and immunome of pathogenic leptospira spp. revealed by 2de and 2de-immunoblotting with immune serum. | in this study, proteomes of two pathogenic leptospira spp., namely l. interrogans, serogroup icterohaemorrhagiae, serovar copenhageni and l. borgpetersenii, serogroup tarassovi, serovar tarassovi, were revealed by using two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2de)-based-proteomics. bacterial cells were disrupted in a lysis buffer containing 30 mm tris, 2 m thiourea, 7 m urea, 4% chaps, 2% ipg buffer ph 3-10 and protease inhibitors and then subjected to sonication in order to solubilize as much as p ... | 2007 | 17891922 |
| ompl1 dna vaccine cross-protects against heterologous leptospira spp. challenge. | available leptospirosis vaccines made up of inactivated bacteria or their membrane components elicit immunity which is serovar specific and unsatisfactory immunological memory. a vaccine that protects across leptospira serogroups/serovars, i.e. broad spectrum, and induces long-lasting memory is needed for both human and veterinary uses. in this study, a plasmid dna vaccine was constructed from cloning gene encoding a transmembrane porin protein, ompl1, of pathogenic leptospira interrogans, serog ... | 2007 | 17891923 |
| [alkalinization of human urine for the experimental isolation of leptospiras]. | the effect of different alkalizing agents of urine on the isolation of leptospiras was studied. better results were obtained on using the basic solution of naoh 1n inoculated in urine one hour after being alkalized. | 2005 | 17966481 |
| [seropositivity to leptospiras in sera from patients suspected of viral hepatitis negative to serological markers]. | the prevalence of leptospirosis found in icteric patients negative to serological markers for hepatitis was described. 15.99 % of them were positive patients. it was observed a predominance of serovars canicola, pomona and icterohaemorrhagiae. | 2005 | 17966482 |
| [evaluation of the vaccine potentiality of 2 strains from leptospira interrogans serogroup ballum]. | two vacine candidate strains from ballum serogroup were characterized and their immunogenicity and protective power were studied in hamster. the monovalent vaccine formulations obtained showed a high immunogenicity and capacity of homologous protection and, in a lesser degree, of cross protection. | 2005 | 17966485 |
| onset and duration of protective immunity against clinical disease and renal carriage in dogs provided by a bi-valent inactivated leptospirosis vaccine. | protection against clinical disease and prevention of the renal carrier state remain the key objectives of vaccination against leptospirosis in the dog. in the present paper, groups of dogs were vaccinated twice with a commercial bacterin (eurican l) containing leptospira interrogans serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and canicola and challenged with heterologous representatives of both serovars at 2 weeks (onset of immunity) or 14 months (duration of immunity) after the second vaccination. control do ... | 2009 | 19179023 |
| detection of pathogenic leptospira spp. through taqman polymerase chain reaction targeting the lipl32 gene. | rapid diagnosis of leptospirosis, through culture and/or serology, can be difficult without proper expertise and is often delayed because of the length of time required to obtain results. in this study, we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay using a taqman probe targeting lipl32, which is present only in pathogenic leptospira spp. using leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae dna, the lower limit of detection was found to be 20 genomic equivalents/reaction with ... | 2009 | 19395218 |