| comparative development, longevity and population growth of exotic and native parasitoids of lepidopteran cereal stemborers in kenya. | studies on the effect of temperature on the development, longevity and population growth of cotesia flavipes cameron and cotesia sesamiae (cameron) indicated that the development of both cotesia spp. from oviposition to cocoon formation and adult emergence was inversely related to temperature. the longevity of the parasitoids was also inversely related to temperature. both parasitoids lived longer when moisture and food (agar + honey/water) were provided. the mean number of females and total adu ... | 2001 | 11583597 |
| biology and management of economically important lepidopteran cereal stem borers in africa. | cereals (maize, sorghum, millet, rice) are extremely important crops grown in africa for human consumption. of the various insect pests attacking cereal crops in africa, lepidopteran stem borers are by far the most injurious. all 21 economically important stem borers of cultivated grasses in africa are indigenous except chilo partellus, which invaded the continent from india, and c. sacchariphagus, which has recently been found in sugarcane in mozambique. c. partellus is competitively displacing ... | 2002 | 11729089 |
| transgenic insect-resistant corn affects the fourth trophic level: effects of bacillus thuringiensis-corn on the facultative hyperparasitoid tetrastichus howardi. | as hyperparasitoids may have a considerable influence on the control of herbivorous arthropods, analyzing the host-mediated impact of bacillus thuringiensis-plants ("bt-plants") on hyperparasitoids is of interest. laboratory-scale experiments were conducted in order to assess the potential effect of bt-corn leaf material on the facultative hyperparasitoid tetrastichus howardi (olliff) (hymenoptera: eulophidae), mediated through the herbivore chilo partellus swinhoe (lepidoptera: crambidae) and i ... | 2004 | 15338032 |
| host refractoriness of the tobacco hornworm, manduca sexta, to the braconid endoparasitoid cotesia flavipes. | cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera:braconidae) is a gregarious endoparasitoid of several pyralid stemborer larvae of economic significance including the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis. in this study, the ability of this parasitoid to develop in a sphingid host, manduca sexta, was tested. first, second, third, fourth, and even pharate fifth instar host tobacco hornworm larvae were readily parasitized by the female c. flavipes parasitoids but no wasp larvae hatched from the eggs in this refracto ... | 2005 | 16304618 |
| evaluation on potential of wild hosts as trap plants for managing gramineous stemborers in maize based-agroecosystem. | as part of habitat management system to control cereal stemborers, various wild hosts used as trap plants were studied during the dry season from november 2003 to march 2004 at melkassa, central ethiopia. five wild hosts of the family poaceae [pennisetum purpurum (schumach), sorghum vulgare variety sudanense (pers.), panicum coloratum l., sorghum arundinaceum stapf, and hyperrhania rufa (nees)] were evaluated as trap plants in maize, zea mays l.,-based agroecosystem. the results of the study sho ... | 2008 | 18330115 |
| comparison of three methods of parasitoid polydnavirus genomic dna isolation to facilitate polydnavirus genomic sequencing. | a major long-term goal of polydnavirus (pdv) genome research is to identify novel virally encoded molecules that may serve as biopesticides to target insect pests that threaten agriculture and human health. as pdv viral replication in cell culture in vitro has not yet been achieved, several thousands of wasps must be dissected to yield enough viral dna from the adult ovaries to carry out pdv genomic sequencing. this study compares three methods of pdv genomic dna isolation for the pdv of cotesia ... | 2008 | 18348210 |
| establishment of cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae) in sugarcane fields of ethiopia and origin of founding population. | cotesia flavipes (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae) is used as a classical biological control agent against chilo partellus (swinhoe) (lepidoptera: crambidae), a serious exotic pest of cereal crops in eastern and southern africa. this parasitoid has been introduced into several african countries for the control of c. partellus in maize, zea mays l., and sorghum, sorghum bicolor (l.), but it has never been released in ethiopia. it is hypothesized that it spread into ethiopia from populations rel ... | 2008 | 18613566 |
| permanent genetic resources added to molecular ecology resources database 1 january 2009-30 april 2009. | this article documents the addition of 283 microsatellite marker loci to the molecular ecology resources database. loci were developed for the following species: agalinis acuta; ambrosia artemisiifolia; berula erecta; casuarius casuarius; cercospora zeae-maydis; chorthippus parallelus; conyza canadensis; cotesia sesamiae; epinephelus acanthistius; ficedula hypoleuca; grindelia hirsutula; guadua angustifolia; leucadendron rubrum; maritrema novaezealandensis; meretrix meretrix; nilaparvata lugens; ... | 2009 | 21564911 |
| parasitism by the endoparasitoid, cotesia flavipes induces cellular immunosuppression and enhances susceptibility of the sugar cane borer, diatraea saccharalis to bacillus thuringiensis. | cotesia flavipes cameron (hymenoptera: braconidae), is a gregarious larval endoparasitoid of the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis fabricius (lepidoptera: crambidae). the aim of this research was to analyze cellular immunosuppression of d. saccharalis parasitized by c. flavipes in terms of encapsulation, melanization, and hemocyte nodule formation. the encapsulation assay was done 1 and 6 days after parasitoid oviposition. in addition, the susceptibility of parasitized and nonparasitzed larv ... | 2011 | 22225507 |
| selectivity of metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) on adults of cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae). | understanding mortality patterns and interactions between entomopathogenic fungi and parasitoids is important to improve insect biological control programs. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metarhizium anisopliae (metschnikoff, 1879) sorokin, 1833 and beauveria bassiana (balsamo) vuillemin, 1912 (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) on adults of cotesia flavipes (cameron, 1891) (hymenoptera: braconidae) with biological insecticides biometha wp plus (m. anisopliae), biovéria g (b. bas ... | 2014 | 25403080 |
| critical electrolyte concentration of silk gland chromatin of the sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis, induced using agrochemicals. | the sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis is widely known as the main pest of sugarcane crop, causing increased damage to the entire fields. measures to control this pest involve the use of chemicals and biological control with cotesia flavipes wasps. in this study, we evaluated the insecticides fipronil (frontline; 0.0025%), malathion (malatol bio carb; 0.4%), cipermetrina (galgotrin; 10%), and neem oil (natuneem; 100%) and the herbicide nicosulfuron (sanson 40 sc; 100%) in the posterior region ... | 2014 | 25299111 |
| predicting the impact of temperature change on the future distribution of maize stem borers and their natural enemies along east african mountain gradients using phenology models. | lepidopteran stem borers are among the most important pests of maize in east africa. the objective of the present study was to predict the impact of temperature change on the distribution and abundance of the crambid chilo partellus, the noctuid busseola fusca, and their larval parasitoids cotesia flavipes and cotesia sesamiae at local scale along kilimanjaro and taita hills gradients in tanzania and kenya, respectively. temperature-dependent phenology models of pests and parasitoids were used i ... | 2015 | 26075605 |
| comparative studies of the influence of relative humidity and temperature on the longevity and fecundity of the parasitoid, cotesia flavipes. | the parasitoid, cotesia flavipes (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae), was introduced for biological control of the stemborer, chilo partellus (swinhoe) (lepidoptera: crambidae), in eastern and southern african countries. the parasitoid became firmly established in ethiopia, with varying density and distribution in various regions of the country indicating that there are factors regulating the success of the parasitoid. from previous studies, it was known that the population of the parasitoid rel ... | 2007 | 20307235 |
| the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application to maize and sorghum on the bionomics of chilo partellus (lepidoptera: crambidae) and the performance of its larval parasitoid cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae). | laboratory and field trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of plant species (maize, sorghum), plant age (young, middle, old) and four different nitrogen fertilization levels (n0-n3) on the bionomics of the invasive crambid chilo partellus and the performance of its braconid larval parasitoid cotesia flavipes. plant n varied significantly between n0 and n1-n3, but the differences among the latter were not significant. intrinsic rates of increase and net-reproductive rates of c. partellus f ... | 2005 | 16336699 |
| evidence of the establishment of cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae), a parasitoid of cereal stemborers, and its host range expansion in ethiopia. | three lepidopteran cereal stemborers, chilo partellus (swinhoe) (crambidae), busseola fusca fuller, and sesamia calamistis hampson (noctuidae) were collected from maize and sorghum in ethiopia. the noctuid stemborers are indigenous to africa while c. partellus is an introduced species from asia. in 1999, the asian stemborer parasitoid, cotesia flavipes cameron (braconidae) was found to be widespread in ethiopia, even though it had never been released in the country. in addition to attacking chil ... | 2003 | 12699533 |
| volatile infochemicals used in host and host habitat location bycotesia flavipes cameron andcotesia sesamiae (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae), larval parasitoids of stemborers on graminae. | femalecotesia flavipes cameron andcotesia sesamiae (cameron) were attracted to odors in a y-tube olfactometer from uninfested maize (zea mays l.), sorghum [sorghum bicolor (l.)], and napier grass (pennisetum purpureum schumach). in dual choice tests,cotesia flavipes showed a preference for maize over sorghum, while maize and napier grass were equally attractive. in contrast,cotesia sesamiae preferred volatiles from sorghum and napier grass over those from maize. the two parasitoids were signific ... | 1996 | 24227412 |
| microsatellite loci and genetic structure of artificial populations of cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera, braconidae). | cotesia flavipes (cameron) is a parasitoid wasp used in the biological control of the sugarcane borer (diatraea saccharalis) (fabr., 1794). studies on the genetic diversity of c. flavipes are hampered by the lack of highly polymorphic molecular markers. in this report, a set of 11 microsatellite loci were developed from an enriched library of c. flavipes. four microsatellite loci were polymorphic and were screened in 212 c. flavipes individuals (183 females and 29 males) that were randomly sampl ... | 2016 | 27886334 |
| quality of the exotic parasitoid cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae) does not show deleterious effects after inbreeding for 10 generations. | although the parasitoid cotesia flavipes (cameron) has proven effective in controlling sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis (fabricius) for many years, concern has arisen over the quality of individuals produced at large scales. the parasitoid has been reared in laboratories in brazil for more than 40 years, with no new introductions of new populations during that period. since the quality of the parasitoids was not verified at the time of the species' introduction in brazil, we do not know if t ... | 2016 | 27509087 |
| a two-agent model applied to the biological control of the sugarcane borer (diatraea saccharalis) by the egg parasitoid trichogramma galloi and the larvae parasitoid cotesia flavipes. | the paper is aimed at a methodological development in biological pest control. the considered one pest two-agent system is modelled as a verticum-type system. originally, linear verticum-type systems were introduced by one of the authors for modelling certain industrial systems. these systems are hierarchically composed of linear subsystems such that a part of the state variables of each subsystem affect the dynamics of the next subsystem. recently, verticum-type system models have been applied ... | 2016 | 26911807 |
| development of a new container for storage and release of the parasitoid cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae). | in brazil, the parasitoid cotesia flavipes (cameron) has been used as a biological control agent against diatraea saccharalis (f.) since 1976, because of its effectiveness in reducing populations of this pest. three million plastic cups are used annually to release c. flavipes, which remain in the environment. this study aimed to develop fully biodegradable packaging, so that releases occur without damaging the environment. the biological characteristics of c. flavipes were studied for five gene ... | 2015 | 26470218 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of lufenuron on sugarcane borer diatraea flavipennella and its parasitoid cotesia flavipes. | the combination of chemical and biological controls is a historic goal of integrated pest management, but has rarely been achieved due to lethal and sublethal impact of insecticides on natural enemies altering their performance. in this context, the susceptibility of the yellow sugarcane borer, diatraea flavipennella (lepidoptera: crambidae), to the insect growth regulator lufenuron and the consequent effects upon its endoparasitoid cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae) encountering exposed ... | 2015 | 26250937 |
| impacts of nosema sp. (microsporidia: nosematidae) on the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae). | in brazil, the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (fabricius, 1794) (lepidoptera: crambidae), is controlled with massive releases of the hymenopteran parasitoid cotesia flavipes cam. (hymenoptera: braconidae); over 3 million hectares of sugarcane are treated annually with 18 billion parasitoids. in order to meet this demand, parasitoids are produced in d. saccharalis under laboratory conditions where a nosema sp. is reported to be an important problem in mass rearing of the host. the goals fo ... | 2015 | 25981134 |
| cotesia flavipes (cam) (hymenoptera: braconidae) supresses immune responses in diatraea flavipennella (box) (lepidoptera: crambidae). | the present research aimed to elucidate which aspects of immune responses in diatraea flavipennella are suppressed by the parasitoid cotesia flavipes, thus, ensuring parasitism success. we investigated the presence of apoptosis in fat body cells through the tunel technique. according to the results, reduced levels of nitric oxide and phenoloxidase activity were observed in larvae parasitized for three days, and reduced total number of hemocytes, after three and seven days. an increase in plasmat ... | 2014 | 25590736 |
| the parasitoid, cotesia flavipes (cameron) (hymenoptera: braconidae), influences food consumption and utilization by larval diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae). | parasitoids exploit host insects for food and other resources; they alter host development and physiology to optimize conditions to favor parasitoid development. parasitoids influence their hosts by injecting eggs, along with a variety of substances, including venoms, polydnaviruses, ovarian fluids, and other maternal factors, into hosts. these factors induce profound changes in hosts, such as behavior, metabolism, endocrine events, and immune defense. because endoparasitoids develop and consume ... | 2014 | 25042594 |
| feasibility of using an alternative larval host and host plants to establish cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae) in the temperate louisiana sugarcane ecosystem. | attempts to establish cotesia flavipes cameron (hymenoptera: braconidae) in louisiana sugarcane fields to control the sugarcane borer, diatraea saccharalis (f.) (lepidoptera: crambidae) have been unsuccessful. experiments were conducted to investigate the feasibility of using an alternative larval host and host plants to overcome barriers preventing establishment. in addition, we evaluated c. flavipes' ability to search for d. saccharalis in sugarcane without above-ground internodes. diatraea ev ... | 2012 | 22506999 |
| phylogenetics and genetic diversity of the cotesia flavipes complex of parasitoid wasps (hymenoptera: braconidae), biological control agents of lepidopteran stemborers. | the cotesia flavipes complex of parasitoid wasps (hymenoptera: braconidae) are economically important for the biological control of lepidopteran stemboring pests associated with gramineous crops. some members of the complex successfully parasitize numerous stemborer pest species, however certain geographic populations have demonstrated variation in the range of hosts that they parasitize. in addition, the morphology of the complex is highly conserved and considerable confusion surrounds the iden ... | 2012 | 22450357 |
| inorganic elements in the fat bodies of diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) larvae parasitized by cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae). | koinobiont parasitoids use several strategies to regulate the host's physiological processes during parasitism. although many aspects of host-parasitoid interactions have been explored, studies that attempted to assess the effects of parasitism on the availability of inorganic elements in the host are virtually nonexistent. therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effects of parasitism on the concentrations of inorganic elements in the fat bodies of larvae of diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambi ... | 2010 | 20388551 |
| mitochondria in the midgut epithelial cells of sugarcane borer parasitized by cotesia flavipes (cameron, 1891). | the sugarcane borer diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) has been controlled by cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera: braconidae); however, very little is known about the effect of the parasitism in the host organs, including the midgut. this work aims to verify mitochondrial alteration in the different midgut epithelial cells of d. saccharalis parasitized by c. flavipes. midgut fragments (anterior and posterior region) of both non-parasitized and parasitized larvae were processed for transmis ... | 2010 | 20231974 |
| spherites in the midgut epithelial cells of the sugarcane borer parasitized by cotesia flavipes. | diatraea saccharalis, the main pest of sugarcane, has been controlled by cotesia flavipes. very little is known about the effect of parasitism on the host organs, including the midgut. the lepidoptera midgut epithelium is composed of columnar, goblet, regenerative, and endocrine cells. spherites have been described in columnar and regenerative cells of several lepidoptera species, and presented a lot of functional meaning. we identified spherites in the midgut epithelial cells of non-parasitized ... | 2008 | 18669324 |
| morphometry of the midgut epithelium of diatraea saccharalis fabricius, 1794 (lepidoptera) parasitized by cotesia flavipes cameron, 1891 (hymenoptera). | the morphometric study of the midgut in diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera) larvae parasitized by the cotesia flavipes (hymenoptera) showed that there was significant increase in the columnar, goblet and regenerative cells and their nuclei; the midgut lumen diameter and the epithelial height were also increased in the parasitized larvae. the multivariate analysis showed that parasitism affected the columnar cell only in the posterior region, and the goblet cells along the midgut length (anterior ... | 2006 | 16793057 |
| absence of odour learning in the stemborer parasitoid cotesia flavipes | parasitic wasps are commonly found to learn olfactory and visual cues that are associated with successful host location. for many parasitoids the cues that are associated with hosts vary in space and time, and are therefore unpredictable. an ability to learn allows the wasp to concentrate on those cues that will lead it to new hosts most effectively in a particular area. in contrast, parasitoids that forage in a predictable homogeneous environment and/or make only a few foraging decisions do not ... | 1997 | 9236017 |