| cyclospora cayetanensis associated with watery diarrhoea in peruvian patients. | acid-fast, coccidian-like bodies (cyclospora cayetanensis) were identified over the last 18 months in the stools of seven peruvian patients suffering from diarrhoea. the follow-up of two patients revealed a watery, self-limited diarrhoea, which lasted for up to four weeks. the organism was simultaneously identified in the diarrhoeal stools of three members of the same family who drank unchlorinated canal water and in the stools of a duck bred by this family. the organism was not found in the fae ... | 1995 | 7563260 |
| a 'new' parasite: human infection with cyclospora cayetanensis. | | 1994 | 7570808 |
| parasitic infections associated with hiv/aids in the caribbean. | this review article seeks to highlight the significance for the caribbean of major parasitic infections associated with aids, encourage awareness of these opportunistic parasites, and promote familiarity with appropriate diagnostic techniques and their clinical relevance. specific agents considered include pneumocystis carinii; toxoplasma gondii; the enteric coccidians cryptosporidium spp., isospora belli, and cyclospora cayetanensis; the hemoflagellates leishmania spp. and trypanosoma cruzi; th ... | 1995 | 7640691 |
| cyclospora: a newly identified intestinal pathogen of humans. | a number of reports over the last several years have linked a previously unidentified acid-fast organism with prolonged diarrhea in humans. initially thought to be a cyanobacterium, the organism has been identified as a coccidian protozoan of the genus cyclospora, and the name cyclospora cayetanensis has been proposed. organisms that resemble cyclospora protozoa have been discovered in human stool samples around the world and have been isolated from children, immunocompetent adults, and human im ... | 1994 | 8038319 |
| a new coccidian parasite (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from humans. | a new coccidian parasite has been found in stool specimens of humans with and without diarrhea. the oocyst of this parasite measures 8.6 microns in diameter (7.7-9.9 microns), with ovoid sporocysts 4.0 x 6.3 (3.3-4.4 x 5.5-7.1) microns. each oocyst has 2 sporocysts and each sporocyst contains 2 sporozoites. based on these characteristics and the structures observed by electron microscopy, this parasite has been classified in the genus cyclospora. we propose the name cyclospora cayetanensis n. sp ... | 1994 | 8064531 |
| understanding intestinal spore-forming protozoa: cryptosporidia, microsporidia, isospora, and cyclospora. | to summarize recent information about the "new" gastrointestinal protozoal pathogens (cryptosporidia, microsporidia, isospora, and cyclospora) and to help practicing clinicians integrate this information into their clinical databases by emphasizing the similarities among these organisms. | 1996 | 8554253 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis infection in patients with and without aids: biliary disease as another clinical manifestation. | we describe patients with and without aids who had cyclospora cayetanensis infection; these patients were seen at a tertiary care teaching hospital in mexico city because of diarrheal disease. c. cayetanensis was detected by examination of fresh fecal preparations and acid-fast staining of fecal smears; the presence of other bacteria and parasites was excluded by standard methods. fecal specimens from 12 patients contained c. cayetanensis. the overall mean duration of illness was 94 days. seven ... | 1995 | 8589126 |
| [3 emerging protozoal infections in the netherlands: cyclospora, dientamoeba, and microspora infections]. | increased international travelling, an increased number of patients with immunosuppression caused by hiv infection, and renewed interest in known but little studied microorganisms, resulted in a more frequent finding of certain medically important parasites. three emerging protozoal infection, cyclospora cayetanensis, dientamoeba fragilis and microspora (enterocytozoon bieneusi and encephalitizoon) are causative agents of diarrhoea. encephalitozoon infections are also associated with hepatitis, ... | 1996 | 8618637 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreaks of cyclospora cayetanensis infection--united states, 1996. | | 1996 | 8667551 |
| update: outbreaks of cyclospora cayetanensis infection--united states and canada, 1996. | since may 1996, cdc has received reports of clusters and sporadic cases of infection with the parasite cyclospora cayetanensis that occurred in may and june in the united states and canada. this report describes preliminary findings of an investigation by the new jersey department of health and senior services (njdhss) and updates the findings of other ongoing investigations. | 1996 | 8676854 |
| [2 patients with diarrhea caused by cyclospora cayetanensis following a trip to the tropics]. | a 58-year-old man and his 60-year-old wife returned from a journey through indonesia with complaints of persisting diarrhoea. in the stools of both patients we found oocysts of the parasite cyclospora cayetanensis. we treated them with co-trimoxazole which resulted in fast clinical improvement. an infection with the parasite c. cayetanensis should be considered in travellers returning from tropical countries with persisting diarrhoea. despite the self-limiting nature of the infection treatment w ... | 1996 | 8692302 |
| the incidence of cyclospora cayetanensis in stool samples submitted to a district general hospital. | cyclospora cayetanensis is the cause of a prolonged diarrhoeal syndrome. in the uk most cases are seen in travellers who have returned from countries in which the organism is endemic. the purpose of this investigation was to determine the incidence of c. cayetanensis in stool samples submitted to a district general hospital. a total of 6151 stools from 5374 different patients were screened for the presence of c. cayetanensis over a 1-year period using the modified ziehl-neelsen technique. oocyst ... | 1996 | 8760968 |
| modified detergent ziehl-neelsen technique for the staining of cyclospora cayetanensis. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a cause of prolonged diarrhoea, mainly in travellers. laboratory diagnosis may be achieved by a number of methods such as the staining of faecal smears by the modified ziehl-neelsen (zn) technique. safer methods using this technique have been described for the staining of acid fast bacilli and cryptosporidia by replacing the phenol content of the carbol fuschin stain with various concentrated detergents. in this report the technique was modified slightly using a non-co ... | 1996 | 8763270 |
| cyclosporiasis: a new cause of diarrhea. | cyclospora cayetanensis, a coccidian parasite, is a new cause of prolonged diarrhea. it has been most recently associated with ingestion of contaminated fruit. although infection with c. cayetanensis is considered rare, the exact prevalence in canada is unknown. transmission is thought to occur through contaminated food and water. the incubation period varies from days to weeks. patients present with nausea, vomiting, anorexia, bloating, abdominal cramping, increased gas and watery diarrhea. the ... | 1996 | 8911296 |
| incidental laboratory diagnosis of cyclospora cayetanensis. | | 1996 | 8914354 |
| pcr confirmation of infection with cyclospora cayetanensis. | | 1996 | 8969255 |
| protozoal agents: what are the dangers for the public water supply? | safe and efficient treatment of drinking water has been one of the major public health advances of the twentieth century. people in developed countries generally take for granted that their water is safe to drink, a luxury the majority of the world's population does not have. the leading cause of infant mortality in the developing world is infectious diarrhea, and the prevalence of diarrheal pathogens is largely influenced by the quality and quantity of clean water available for drinking and was ... | 1997 | 9046966 |
| outbreaks of cyclospora cayetanensis infection--united states, 1996. | cyclospora cayetanensis (previously termed cyanobacterium-like body) is a recently characterized coccidian parasite; the first known cases of infection in humans were diagnosed in 1977. before 1996, only three outbreaks of cyclospora infection had been reported in the united states. this report describes the preliminary findings of an ongoing outbreak investigation by the south carolina department of health and environmental control (scdhec) and summarizes the findings from investigations in oth ... | 1996 | 9132573 |
| an outbreak in 1996 of cyclosporiasis associated with imported raspberries. the cyclospora working group. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a parasite that causes gastroenteritis. until last year most of the documented cases of cyclosporiasis in north america were in overseas travelers. in 1996, a large outbreak of cyclosporiasis occurred in north america. we investigated this outbreak. | 1997 | 9164810 |
| an attempt to demonstrate a serological immune response in patients infected with cyclospora cayetanensis. | | 1997 | 9167312 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis: first imported infections in germany. | over the last decade increasing numbers of enteritis cases have been attributed to infection with a new coccidian species that was named cyclospora cayetanensis in 1993. diarrhea caused by this agent is clinically indistinguishable from cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis and microsporidiosis, but cyclospora infections are often very prolonged (up to 15 weeks) and may cause severe weight loss. diagnosis of infection is important because, in contrast to diarrhea caused by cryptosporidium and microspo ... | 1997 | 9181385 |
| cyclospora: update on an emerging pathogen. | cyclospora cayetanensis, an emerging pathogen with worldwide distribution, causes diarrhea in both immunocompetent and hiv-infected patients. we review the epidemiology of cyclospora infection and how to diagnose and treat it. | 1997 | 9188210 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis, potential cause of diarrhoea. | | 1997 | 9200043 |
| laboratory diagnosis of cyclospora infections. | the laboratory diagnosis of newly recognized infectious agents, such as cyclospora cayetanensis, is frequently problematic because appropriate diagnostic techniques and algorithms are not available. the methods currently available for diagnosis of cyclospora are described and compared, including concentration procedures, examination of wet preparations, various staining techniques, and the use of molecular-based assays. because of the autofluorescent properties of the oocysts, particular attenti ... | 1997 | 9278606 |
| diagnosis of cyclospora cayetanensis infections. | | 1997 | 9308223 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis diarrhoea in a traveller. | | 1997 | 9397091 |
| the first two cases of cyclospora in dogs, são paulo, brazil. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidium which has been identified in diarrheal feces or immunocompetent individuals or in aids patients. the main aspects related to its epidemiology and pathogeny have not been solved so far, as well as the possibility of human infection by this protozoan being a zoonosis. we describe in this work the first case identifying the cyclospora in dogs. our findings, notwithstanding their preliminary characteristics, could suggest that besides untreated water, other tra ... | 1997 | 9460261 |
| [morphological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics of cyclospora cayetanensis]. | in the last years cyclospora sp. has been increasingly associated to human intestinal diseases. the first studies have been reported to this parasite as a cyanobacterium-like body, large cryptosporidium or coccidian-like body. the ultrastructural characteristic and the "in vitro" sporulation have revealed the existence of oocyst constituted for two sporocysts with two sporozoites per sporocyst. this evidence has allowed its classification as a coccidian within the genus cyclospora and its design ... | 1997 | 9497537 |
| detection of cyclospora cayetanensis in wastewater. | cyclospora cayetanensis causes diarrheal disease worldwide without a confirmed mode of transmission. wastewater was examined for the presence of this organism. oocysts were detected microscopically, and their identity was confirmed by molecular techniques. these findings verify that current techniques can isolate cyclospora oocysts and suggest that fecally contaminated water may act as a vehicle of transmission. | 1998 | 9603852 |
| identification of cyclospora cayetanensis in stool using different stains. | cyclospora cayetanensis, a newly emerging coccidian protozoa is world-wide in distribution. in the present study, different concentrations and staining techniques were used for identification of cyclospora. formol-ether sedimentation and sheather's sugar flotation were used as concentration techniques and the different stains used were: the modified ziehl-neelsen, giemsa, safranin-methylene blue, modifications of trichrome stain, calcoflour white and finally phenol-auramine. the safranin stain w ... | 1998 | 9707672 |
| [cyclosporosis. report of a clinical case in concepción, chile]. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a newly recognized parasite widely distributed throughout the world, and isolated from children, immunocompetent adults and hiv infected individuals. the clinical manifestations of the infection are watery prolonged diarrhea, anorexia, fatigue, nausea, bloating and weight loss. in immunocompetent individuals, diarrhea is usually self limited but may last several weeks. in immunocompromised hosts it is prolonged, severe and can be associated with biliary tract involveme ... | 1998 | 9731439 |
| cyclospora: an enigma worth unraveling. | in part, cyclospora cayetanensis owes its recognition as an emerging pathogen to the increased use of staining methods for detecting enteric parasites such as cryptosporidium. first reported in patients in new guinea in 1977 but thought to be a coccidian parasite of the genus isospora, c. cayetanensis received little attention until it was again described in 1985 in new york and peru. in the early 1990s, human infection associated with waterborne transmission of c. cayetanensis was suspected; fo ... | 1999 | 10081671 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis infections in haiti: a common occurrence in the absence of watery diarrhea. | stool samples from a population-based cohort of mothers and children living in leogane, haiti were tested for cyclospora cayetanensis from january 1997 through january 1998. data on gastrointestinal symptoms were also collected. during the winter months of january to march, the infection was detected in 15-20% of the persons sampled. most infections did not appear to be causing diarrhea and most infected persons had few oocysts detectable in concentrates of stool. the infection appears to have m ... | 1999 | 10348232 |
| survey for cyclospora cayetanensis in domestic animals in an endemic area in haiti. | from january 1997 through july 1998, we examined stool samples from 327 domestic animals, including pigs, cattle, horses, goats, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, chicken, ducks, turkeys, and pigeons in leogane, haiti, for the presence of cyclospora cayetanensis infection. no coccidian oocysts morphologically compatible with c. cayetanensis were detected in any of the animal samples, despite their living in, or near, households with infected individuals. these results suggest that domestic animals are no ... | 1999 | 10386455 |
| human cyclosporiasis diagnosis: report of a case in são paulo, sp, brazil. | diagnosis of the human cyclosporiasis is reported in são paulo, sp, brasil. cyclospora cayetanensis has been identified in the feces of a patient by a modified kinyoun staining method, with later sporulation in a solution of 2.5% potassium dichromate. the probability that this parasite is the eventual cause of gastrointestinal disturbances in the country was stimulated by this finding, which was arrived at by a simple technique. it had been kept in mind that the disease was expressing itself mai ... | 1998 | 10436661 |
| cyclosporiasis: clinical and histopathologic correlates. | although the histopathologic changes associated with cyclospora cayetanensis infection have been previously described, the histopathology and the appearance of various life cycle stages have not been correlated with severity, stage, and duration of clinical disease. we report a prospective clinical investigation of disease characteristics and histopathologic findings in three otherwise healthy, immunocompetent patients with symptomatic c. cayetanensis infection, the duration of which ranged from ... | 1999 | 10451156 |
| cyclospora species as a cause of diarrhoea in humans. | within the past 10 years, the coccidian parasite cyclospora cayetanensis has been clearly recognised as a cause of protracted diarrhoea in humans. heavy infection results in inflammation and epithelial injury in the duodenum and jejunum. of the multiple symptoms, diarrhoea may neither be the presenting nor predominant one. following an incubation period of 12 hours to 11 days, the abrupt onset of watery diarrhoea occurring in a relapsing cyclic pattern is characteristic, lasting from six to eigh ... | 1998 | 10198474 |
| [excessive watery diarrhea and pronounced fatigue due to cyclospora cayetanensis infection in an hiv infected traveler returning from the tropics]. | we report the case of a 46-year-old hiv-1 infected patient who acquired a cyclopsora cayetanensis infection during travel to southeast asia. he developed excessive watery diarrhoea and pronounced fatigue, which resolved after treatment with cotrimoxazole. the term cyclospora cayetanensis was first suggested in 1993 for the infectious agent of diarrhoea in tropical and subtropical regions. the infection is usually self-limiting. however, in hiv-1 infected persons the symptoms are often more sever ... | 1999 | 10515777 |
| case-control study of enteropathogens associated with childhood diarrhea in dhaka, bangladesh. | the international centre for diarrhoeal disease research, bangladesh, is a major center for research into diarrheal diseases. the center treats more than 100,000 patients a year. to obtain useful information representative of all patients, a surveillance system in which a 4% systematic sample of all patients is studied in detail, including etiological agents of diarrhea, was installed in october 1979. the first paper on etiology for the surveillance patients was published in 1982, which identifi ... | 1999 | 10523534 |
| the return of cyclospora in 1997: another outbreak of cyclosporiasis in north america associated with imported raspberries. cyclospora working group. | in the spring of 1996, an outbreak of cyclosporiasis associated with fresh guatemalan raspberries occurred in the united states and canada. another multistate outbreak of cyclosporiasis occurred in north america in the spring of 1997. | 1999 | 10049199 |
| epidemiologic studies of cyclospora cayetanensis in guatemala. | in 1996 and 1997, cyclosporiasis outbreaks in north america were linked to eating guatemalan raspberries. we conducted a study in health-care facilities and among raspberry farm workers, as well as a case-control study, to assess risk factors for the disease in guatemala. from april 6, 1997, to march 19, 1998, 126 (2.3%) of 5, 552 surveillance specimens tested positive for cyclospora; prevalence peaked in june (6.7%). infection was most common among children 1.5 to 9 years old and among persons ... | 1999 | 10603209 |
| emerging pathogens: isospora, cyclospora and microsporidia. | isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanensis as well as several species of microsporidia are recognized as emerging protozoan pathogens of humans. all are obligate intracellular parasites, with isospora and the microsporidia being primarily associated with immunocompromised hosts. cyclospora is a cause of traveller's diarrhoea, and is responsible for water-borne and food-borne outbreaks of disease. drug treatment is available for these infections. improved diagnostic methods including the autofluores ... | 1998 | 10660937 |
| [cyclospora cayetanensis: review of an emerging intestinal pathogen]. | cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging pathogen. it is a new human coccidian agent of intestinal disease. twenty years ago, the first known human cases of cyclosporiasis were reported in the medical literature. cyclosporiasis occurs in persons of all ages and either in immunocompetent or immunocompromised hosts. the most characteristic feature of this infection is a syndrome of acute or chronic diarrhea. this parasite has a world-wide distribution. in previous reports, cyclospora cayetanensis wa ... | 1999 | 10572216 |
| fuchsin fluorescence and autofluorescence in cryptosporidium, isospora and cyclospora oocysts. | cryptosporidium parvum and isospora belli oocysts stained with carbol-fuchsin, as in a modified ziehl neelsen technique, fluoresce bright red under green light (546nm). cryptosporidium oocysts tend to fluoresce more brightly the less intensely stained they appear under transmitted light; this is not the case with isospora. fuchsin-stained cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts fluoresce rather dimly, but those not taking the dye retain their typical autofluorescence. cryptosporidium and isospora oocyst ... | 1998 | 9925267 |
| studies on a newly emerging protozoal pathogen: cyclospora cayetanensis. | cyclospora is frequently misdiagnosed with cryptosporidia. stool samples were collected from 150 immunocompromised patients and concentrated by the parasep faecal parasite concentration and the discontinuous percoll gradients methods. wet mount examination was done and the parasite was successfully stained with modified ziehl neelsen (zn) and safranin methylene blue stain. cyclospora was detected in 4% of cases examined. cyclospora was easily differentiated from cryptosporidia by using the modif ... | 1999 | 10605507 |
| [cyclospora cayetanensis, a new protozoan to be researched]. | | 1999 | 10752243 |
| intestinal spore-forming protozoa among patients suffering from chronic renal failure. | cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanensis and microsporidia are four intestinal spore-forming protozoa that cause diarrhoea in immuno-competent individuals and immuno-suppressed patients. fresh stool samples were obtained from 120 patients suffering from crf and attending the dialysis unit of zagazig university hospital. also, stool samples were obtained from 40 immuno-competent individuals complaining of diarrhoea (control group). the stool samples were examined by direct ... | 2000 | 10786022 |
| recovery of waterborne oocysts of cyclospora cayetanensis by asian freshwater clams (corbicula fluminea). | asian freshwater clams (corbicula fluminea) were exposed for 24 hr in 38 liters of water contaminated with 1.0 x 10(5) cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts (2.6 x 10(3) oocysts/l). the hemolyph and gill smears of 30 clams were examined by acid-fast stain on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 13, and 18 postexposure (pe). since no oocysts were detected in the water 24 hr after contamination by the membrane filter-dissolution method, the oocyst retention rate was 4.6 x 10(2) oocysts/clam. the prevalence of oocyst-po ... | 1998 | 9886202 |
| [intestinal parasitic infections and leishmaniasis in patients with hiv infection]. | intestinal parasite infections are very frequent in hiv patients with severe immunodeficiency (cd4 < 100/mm3) causing chronic diarrhea and malabsorption in the majority of cases. the most frequent microorganisms are microsporidia and cryptosporidium parvum while cyclospora cayetanensis and isospora belli are more prevalent in subtropical and tropical areas and rare in industrialized areas. the diagnosis can be obtained by stool examination (differences in size and form of cysts), although micros ... | 1998 | 9859620 |
| template preparation for pcr and rflp of amplification products for the detection and identification of cyclospora sp. and eimeria spp. oocysts directly from raspberries. | raspberries were epidemiologically associated with cyclosporiasis outbreaks during 1996 and 1997. the 18s rrna genes of cyclospora cayetanensis and several species of a closely related genus, eimeria, were sequenced and primers for a nested pcr developed in a previous study. the ability to distinguish amplified products of cyclospora sp. from those of eimeria spp. is important for testing food and environmental samples. therefore, an rflp analysis of amplified products was used to differentiate ... | 1998 | 9829192 |
| [the first report in cuba of human intestinal infection by cyclospora cayetanensis, ortega, 1993]. | the human intestinal infection by cyclospora cayetanensis, is reported for the first time in cuba, ortega, 1993. this coccidian parasite was being identified since several years in humans presenting with diarrhea, as a blue-green alga, a similar body to cyanobacteria, or similar to a great coccidia. however, it was identified for the first time a genus of cyclospora, in 1993, and the taxonomic description of the human species as c. cayetanensis is very recent. this paper reports on a child prese ... | 1995 | 9813479 |
| trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole compared with ciprofloxacin for treatment and prophylaxis of isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis infection in hiv-infected patients. a randomized, controlled trial. | in developing countries, isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis frequently cause chronic diarrhea in hiv-infected patients. | 2000 | 10836915 |
| attempts to establish experimental cyclospora cayetanensis infection in laboratory animals. | attempts were made to develop an animal model for cyclospora cayetanensis to identify a practical laboratory host for studying human cyclosporiasis. oocysts collected from stool of infected humans in the united states, haiti, guatemala, peru, and nepal were held in potassium dichromate solution to allow development of sporozoites. the following animal types were inoculated: 9 strains of mice, including adult and neonatal immunocompetent and immune-deficient inbred and outbred strains, rats, sand ... | 2000 | 10864257 |
| food-borne protozoa. | pathogenic protozoa are commonly transmitted to food in developing countries, but food-borne outbreaks of infection are relatively rare in developed countries. the main protozoa of concern in developed countries are toxoplasma, cryptosporidium and giardia, and these can be a problem in immunocompromised people. other protozoa such as entamoeba histolytica, cyclospora cayetanensis and sarcocystis can be a food-borne problem in non-industrialised countries. c. cayetanensis has emerged as a food-bo ... | 2000 | 10885117 |
| a foodborne outbreak of cyclosporiasis caused by imported raspberries. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a recently recognized parasite that causes prolonged diarrheal illness. its modes of transmission have not been fully determined, although some investigations before 1996 implicated water. outbreaks of cyclosporiasis in the united states in 1996 and 1997 are evidence of the increasing incidence of this disease. this report describes an outbreak of cyclosporiasis in persons who attended a luncheon on may 23, 1996, near charleston, south carolina. | 1998 | 9752377 |
| [newly established causes of diarrhea: the protozoan cyclospora cayetanensis (coccidia, apicomplexa)]. | coccidia cyclospora cavetanesis has been considered a saprophytic or accidental infection without special medical significance until 1984. however, epidemics of diarrhea first in peru and later in usa. haiti and nepal have aroused interest in pathogenic characteristics of this parasite and diseases it causes. the study first deals with biological cycle of parasite development as well as clinical picture and treatment, diagnostics and epidemiology of this parasitic disease. clinical picture: on a ... | 1998 | 9720351 |
| [cyclospora cayetanensis infection. laboratory diagnosis]. | cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexa protozoa which was found to cause gastroenteritis in humans in 1979. this paper reviews the laboratory diagnosis of the disease. the usefulness of direct examination of fresh fecal matter with special acid-fast stains is emphasized as well as the morphometric differentiation between this organism and other similar coccidia. the paper reviews the sporulation technique of cyclospora cayetanensis for the recognition and differentiation of artifacts and gree ... | 2000 | 10948829 |
| a foodborne outbreak of cyclospora cayetanensis at a wedding: clinical features and risk factors for illness. | cyclospora cayetanensis, a coccidian parasite, has increasingly been recognized as a cause of gastrointestinal tract illness. we describe an outbreak of cyclospora infection following a wedding reception. | 1998 | 9605784 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasites in cuban acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients. | a coproparasitological study was carried out on 67 acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) patients admitted at the institute of tropical medicine 'pedro kouri'. the results were compared with 136 hiv-seronegative patients (control group) who were also hospitalised in the same period. in both groups monoparasitism was more prevalent than polyparasitism and intestinal protozoa were more prevalent than helminths. at least one intestinal parasite was found in 34 (51%) of the 67 aids patients and ... | 1999 | 9924968 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis. | cyclospora cayetanensis is a coccidian pathogen in humans. cyclosporiasis is characterized by mild to severe nausea, anorexia, abdominal cramping, and watery diarrhea. cyclospora has now been described from patients with protracted diarrheal illness in north, central and south america, the caribbean, africa, bangladesh, south-east asia, australia, england, and eastern europe, and is characterized by marked seasonality. routes of transmission are still unknown, although the fecal-oral route, eith ... | 1998 | 9554080 |
| infections by protozoa in immunocompromised hosts. | protozoa are among the most important pathogens that can cause infection in immunocompromised patients. they infect particularly individuals with impaired cell immunity, such as those with hematologic neoplasias, those submitted to transplant of solid organs, those under high-dose corticosteroid therapy, and carriers of the human immunodeficiency virus. among the protozoa that most commonly cause disease in immunocompromised individuals are toxoplasma gondii, trypanosoma cruzi, cryptosporidium p ... | 2000 | 11142706 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis and hiv-related diarrhoea. | | 1998 | 9518022 |
| prevalence of infection with cryptosporidium parvum and cyclospora cayetanensis among international travellers. | cryptosporidium parvum and cyclospora cayetanensis are recognised as possible pathogens of traveller's diarrhoea. | 1997 | 9462213 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis--an emerging coccidian parasite. | over the last decade increasing number of enteritis cases have been attributed to infection with a new coccidian sp that was named cyclospora cayetanensis in 1993. diarrhoea caused by this agent is clinically indistinguishable from cryptosporidiasis, isosporiasis and microsporidiasis but cyclospora infection are often very prolonged (upto 15 weeks) and may cause severe weight loss. diagnosis is important because unlike diarrhoea caused by cryptosporidium and microsporidium, treatment with co-tri ... | 1999 | 11225225 |
| pictorial cme. isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis in a case of chronic diarrhoea in an immunocompromised host. | | 2000 | 11280226 |
| [analysis of the plasmid profile of various salmonella serotypes]. | every year foodborne infections cause millions of illnesses but many of them go undiagnosed and unreported. the epidemiology of these illnesses is changing, new pathogens have emerged (escherichia coli o157:h7, cyclospora cayetanensis, vibrio vulnificus). salmonella spp. is the most common bacterial cause of acute enterocolitis with us. all over the world, as well as in our country the most often isolated serotype is salmonella enteritidis. a great problem in many countries is the multiresistant ... | 2000 | 11320741 |
| [cyclosporiasis: a clinical and epidemiological study in travellers with imported cyclospora cayetanensis infection]. | to assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the enteritis produced by cyclospora cayetanensis. | 2001 | 11333706 |
| cyclospora: review of an emerging parasite. | cyclospora is a parasite traditionally associated with diarrhea in travelers to endemic countries. recently, several cases of cyclosporiasis were reported in nontravelers in the united states and canada, implicating various fruits and vegetables as vehicles of infection. the life cycle of cyclospora is not fully known, but is believed to involve both asexual and sexual stages of proliferation. food- and water-borne transmission of infection have been implicated. patients infected with cyclospora ... | 1999 | 9917079 |
| [training for diagnosis of intestinal parasitic diseases in the national laboratory system of cuba]. | a national training project in the diagnosis of intestinal parasites was conducted in 1997. an initial national course was followed respectively by courses in the central, eastern, and western provinces. our results showed that cryptosporidium parvum, cyclospora cayetanensis, and leukocytes showed a significantly lower percentage of errors after the training than before (p < 0.01). the same occurred with entamoeba histolytica/e. dispar and chilomastix mesnilii (p < 0.05). among the helminths, ta ... | 2001 | 11395809 |
| preliminary identification of an intestinal coccidian parasite in man. | an unidentified coccidian parasite was observed in saline faecal smears of five immunocompromised patients. very few of these organisms were observed in the oocystic stage. they were oval in shape with rounded edges and contained two sporulated sporocysts, 7.5-9.5 um in diameter with a nipple like projection. they are smaller than sporocysts of sarcocystis hominis and suihominis. for further identification, the modified ziehl-neelsen stain was used. the sporocysts showed variability in staining. ... | 1998 | 9914703 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis in three populations at risk in guatemala. | in 1996 and 1997, outbreaks of cyclospora cayetanensis in north america were linked to guatemalan raspberries. from april 1999 to april 2000, we undertook a survey for c. cayetanensis in raspberry farm workers, malnourished children, and human immunodeficiency virus and aids patients in guatemala. stool samples were analyzed using ethylacetate-formalin concentration, wet preparation, modified acid-fast staining method, and epifluorescence. oocysts were found in 1.5% of the subjects, none of whom ... | 2001 | 11474019 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis in an asymptomatic patient infected with hiv and htlv-1. | | 1997 | 9196760 |
| [cyclospora cayetanensis: a new enteropathogenic parasite]. | | 1997 | 9162538 |
| epidemiology and treatment of cyclospora cayetanensis infection in peruvian children. | cyclospora cayetanensis was detected in fecal specimens from 63 (1.1%) of 5,836 peruvian children studied over 2 years; the protozoan was detected by modified acid-fast staining and autofluorescence under ultraviolet light. the highest prevalence occurred among children between 2 and 4 years of age. thirty-two percent (20) of the 63 c. cayetanensis-infected children were symptomatic. nineteen infected children were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a 3-day course of trimeth ... | 1997 | 9142805 |
| isolation of cryptosporidium parvum and cyclospora cayetanensis from vegetables collected in markets of an endemic region in peru. | cryptosporidium parvum and cyclospora cayetanensis are protozoan pathogens that cause prolonged diarrhea in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. cryptosporidium parvum can be transmitted via the fecal-oral route, while the exact mechanisms of transmission of cyclospora cayetanensis have not been fully determined. humans appear to be the sole host for the latter and a distinct seasonality has been observed in endemic areas around the world. samples of vegetables were collected at sev ... | 1997 | 9430527 |
| causes of chronic diarrhea in patients with aids in thailand: a prospective clinical and microbiological study. | a prospective study was designed to investigate the causes of chronic diarrhea in aids patients in thailand. forty-five patients from bamrasnaradura infectious diseases hospital were enrolled. extensive investigations included multiple stool examinations for ova and parasites, using the stool formalin-ether concentration method, stool culture, stool acid-fast bacilli (afb) stain, stool modified afb stain, esophagogastroduoscopy with duodenal aspirate and biopsy, and colonoscopy with biopsy. biop ... | 1996 | 8844474 |
| cyclospora species--a cause of diarrhoea among irish travellers to asia. | we report three cases of travellers' diarrhoea caused by cyclospora cayetanensis. these demonstrate the importance of cyclosporiasis as a cause of diarrhoea in irish travellers to nepal and pakistan and its effective treatment with co-trimoxazole. laboratory staff must measure the size of oocysts in stool samples to properly identify this protozoan. | 1996 | 8707518 |
| emerging pathogen cyclospora cayetanensis infection in nepal. | cylospora cayetanensis, an emerging parasitic pathogen of human is being increasingly recognized throughout the world, however the means of transmission and the possibility of a reservoir host remain an enigma. a longitudinal study on cyclosporiasis in different parts of nepal was carried out from april, 1995 until november, 2000. fecal specimens were collected from symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. the data shows a distinct seasonality with the highest infection rates occurring during the ... | 2001 | 12041579 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis among expatriate and indigenous populations of west java, indonesia. | from january 1995 through july 1998, we investigated the occurrence of cyclospora cayetanensis infection associated with gastrointestinal illness or diarrhea in foreign residents and natives of west java, indonesia. we found that c. cayetanensis was the main protozoal cause of gastrointestinal illness and diarrhea in adult foreign residents during the wet season. the parasite rarely caused illness in the indigenous population or in children. | 1999 | 10458970 |
| safranin staining of cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts not requiring microwave heating. | | 2002 | 12113399 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis-associated diarrhoea in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia. | | 1998 | 10453124 |
| evaluation of streck tissue fixative, a nonformalin fixative for preservation of stool samples and subsequent parasitologic examination. | we undertook a study to evaluate streck tissue fixative (stf) as a substitute for formalin and polyvinyl alcohol (pva) in fecal preservation. a comparison of formalin, pva, (mercuric chloride based), and stf was done by aliquoting fecal samples into each fixative. stool specimens were collected in haiti, and parasites included cyclospora cayetanensis, giardia intestinalis, entamoeba coli, iodamoeba butschlii, endolimax nana, ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura, strongyloides stercoralis, a ... | 1999 | 10565940 |
| prevalence of intestinal parasitic pathogens in hiv-seropositive individuals in northern india. | to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-seropositive subjects, fecal samples were collected from 120 hiv-seropositive patients and were analyzed for various intestinal parasites. thirty-six patients (30%) were found to harbor an intestinal parasite. cryptosporidium parvum was the most common (10.8%), followed by giardia lamblia (8.3%). cyclospora cayetanensis and blastocystis hominis each were detected in 3.3% of the patients, while isosp ... | 2002 | 12195048 |
| examination of attachment and survival of toxoplasma gondii oocysts on raspberries and blueberries. | the consumption of toxoplasma gondii oocysts on fresh produce may be a means of its transmission to humans. cats shed t. gondii oocysts, which contaminate produce directly or contaminate water sources for agricultural irrigation and pesticide and fertilizer applications. cyclospora cayetanensis is a related coccidial parasite, and outbreaks of diarrhea caused by c. cayetanensis have been associated with the ingestion of contaminated raspberries. the oocysts of these coccidians are similar in siz ... | 2002 | 12197133 |
| [prolonged diarrhea and weight loss after a biking trip from tibet to nepal: infection with cyclospora]. | a 39-year-old man, who had made a cycling tour from tibet to nepal, visited the outpatients' clinic one month later because of prolonged diarrhoea, abdominal complaints and serious weight loss. parasitological examination of the stool revealed oocysts of cyclospora cayetanensis and the patient was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole) with good result. c. cayetanensis has only recently been discovered as a protozoal cause of diarrhoea. infections are primarily reported from ... | 2002 | 12198831 |
| hiv1 and the gut in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | the gut and its gut-associated lymphoid tissue serve as a preferential site for hiv1 entry, active viral replication, reservoir, and hiv-mediated cd4 cell apoptosis. the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (haart) has resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of opportunistic enteric pathogens as a consequence of immune recovery. nonetheless, patients with advanced hiv1 disease who were recently diagnosed or have poor response to haart can still suffer from opportuni ... | 2002 | 12228041 |
| tropical malabsorption. | tropical malabsorption remains an important clinical problem for both the indigenous population of tropical countries and for short-term visitors and longer-term residents from the industrialized world. in young children, persistent diarrhea and malabsorption can result in severe retardation of growth and development. the most common cause is an intestinal infection notably the small intestinal protozoa including giardia intestinalis, cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli, cyclospora cayetanens ... | 2002 | 12465593 |
| evaluation of five stains in diagnosing human intestinal coccidiosis. | three hundreds cases over the year 1998 complaining of diarrhoea were examined. the stools were examined by the traditional diagnostic methods and confirmed to be free from intestinal parasites. cryptosporidium parvum, isospora belli and cyclospora cayetanensis were detected by using different types of faecal stains namely modified ziehl-neelsen, kinyoun acid-fast, auramine-rhodamine, gomori's trichrome and giemsa. the number of positive cases were 87 c. parvum (29%), 5 cases l. belli (1.7%) and ... | 1999 | 12561927 |
| study of cyclospora cayetanensis in health care facilities, sewage water and green leafy vegetables in nepal. | cyclospora cayetanensis, a newly emerging parasite, is endemic in nepal. a total of 2,123 stool specimens were collected from 3 health care facilities based on clinical symptoms during the period between 1995 to october, 1998. out of these specimens, cayetanensis oocysts were found in 632 (29.8%). to identify possible sources for cyclospora infection, drinking water, sewage water, green-leafy vegetables including fecal samples of various animals were collected and examined. the vegetable leaves ... | 1999 | 10695790 |
| [a case with cyclospora cayetanensis infection]. | | 2000 | 12567652 |
| cyclospora infections in england and wales: 1993 to 1998. | the coccidian protozoon cyclospora cayetanensis is a treatable cause of prolonged, watery diarrhoea in humans. microbiology laboratories in england and wales often restrict testing to those who have recently travelled abroad. only 44 to 66 laboratory reports of c. cayetanensis are made in england and wales each year and a large proportion are found to have visited developing countries. large foodborne outbreaks of infection have arisen in north america among people who have not travelled abroad ... | 2000 | 10743319 |
| foodborne outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have arisen in north america. is the united kingdom at risk? | cyclospora cayetanensis is a parasitic protozoon that causes prolonged watery diarrhoea. it is endemic in some developing countries, and recent foreign travel is often used as a selection criterion for screening in the united kingdom (uk). epidemiological investigations of outbreaks of cyclosporiasis among people in the united states and canada who had not travelled abroad showed the infection to be foodborne and often associated with foods eaten raw. these included raspberries imported from gua ... | 2000 | 10743320 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis in sputum and stool samples. | we report the observation of acid-fast cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts in a sputum sample. the patient, a 60 year-old, hiv negative man, was successfully treated for pulmonary tuberculosis during 1997. on february 1998, he was admitted to our center due to loss of weight, cough with purulent expectoration, dysphonia and a radiological picture of pulmonary fibrosis. bacilloscopic study of sputum (negative for acid-fast bacilli) stained with ziehl-neelsen technique showed large (8-10 microm) spher ... | 2000 | 10810327 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis, a new emerging coccidian parasite. | | 1999 | 10810602 |
| cyclospora spp. | infection with cyclospora cayetanensis continues to pose many questions, both in endemic populations and in travelers and food-borne outbreaks. the present review discusses existing knowledge but focuses more on what is yet to be learned about this infection. | 2002 | 12686886 |
| extraction-free, filter-based template preparation for rapid and sensitive pcr detection of pathogenic parasitic protozoa. | within the last several years, the protozoan parasites cyclospora cayetanensis, cryptosporidium parvum, and microsporidia have become recognized as important, rapidly emerging human pathogens in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. since the early 1990s, many of the reported outbreaks of enteric illness caused by these microorganisms have been attributed to food- and water-borne contamination. many inherent obstacles affect the success of current surveillance and detection methods ... | 2000 | 10834988 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis in stools submitted to hospitals in lagos, nigeria. | cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging human pathogen associated with gastrointestinal disease. the epidemiology and biology of the parasite are poorly understood, and numerous outbreaks of cyclosporiasis have been recorded from around the world since 1990, but the incidence of the parasite in nigeria has not been described. | 2002 | 12718827 |
| intervening transcribed spacer region 1 variability in cyclospora cayetanensis. | cyclospora cayetanensis is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite which has emerged as an important cause of epidemic and endemic diarrhea. water-borne as well as food-borne outbreaks have occurred, including a large number of u.s. cases associated with raspberries imported from guatemala. molecular markers exist for tracing the epidemiology of many of the bacterial pathogens associated with water-borne or food-borne diarrhea, such as serotyping and pulsed-field electrophoresis. however, there are c ... | 2000 | 10834999 |
| pathologic and clinical findings in patients with cyclosporiasis and a description of intracellular parasite life-cycle stages. | cyclospora cayetanensis has been observed in the feces of persons with prolonged diarrhea. a description of the symptoms and histopathologic findings for patients with cyclosporiasis is presented. the intracellular life-cycle stages of these parasites in the enterocytes of patients will also be described. seventeen peruvian patients positive for cyclospora organisms were surveyed and underwent endoscopy, and their symptoms were recorded. patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, includi ... | 1997 | 9395371 |
| cyclospora cayetanensis and other intestinal parasites associated with diarrhea in a rural area of jordan. | cryptosporidium spp. and cyclospora cayetanensis have emerged as important causes of epidemic and endemic diarrhea in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. the exact modes of transmission in certain rural areas are still unclear. reports of water-borne and food-borne outbreaks suggest that fecally contaminated water or food acts as a vehicle of transmission. two hundred stool samples of patients with gastroenteritis from four health centers in a rural area of jordan were examined using fo ... | 2003 | 12783275 |