| single origin and subsequent diversification of central andean endemic umbilicaria species. | we studied an andean endemic group of species of the lichen-forming fungal genus umbilicaria from the subalpine and low-alpine zone, with their biogeographic center in bolivia and peru. a number of species and varieties have been described from this element, but apparent instability in several morphological traits has made it difficult to precisely delimit taxa. based on dna sequences of nuclear its, lsu and mitochondrial ssu from extensive collections from argentina, bolivia, chile, colombia, e ... | 2010 | 20943548 |
| protective effects of methanol extracts from cladonia rangiformis and umbilicaria vellea against known mutagens sodium azide and 9-aminoacridine. | lichens and their various extracts have been occasionally used in the treatment of many diseases. cladonia rangiformis and umbilicaria vellea are two important species of these lichens and they have several biological activities. in the present study, methanol extracts of these lichens, which are grown in the eastern anatolia region of turkey, were isolated, and their mutagenic and antimutagenic properties were investigated by using ames-salmonella and zea mays root tip mitotic index mutagenicit ... | 2011 | 21427134 |
| protective role of methanol extracts of two lichens on oxidative and genotoxic damage caused by afb1 in human lymphocytes in vitro. | in this study, the antigenotoxic and antioxidant effects of umbilicaria vellea (ume) and xantho somloensis (xme) extracts were determined using sister chromatid exchange (sce), micronuclei (mn) assays, and superoxide dismutase (sod) and glutathione peroxidase (gpx) activities and malondialdehyde (mda) levels against the effects of aflatoxin b(1) (afb(1))-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human lymphocytes in vitro. the results showed that the frequencies of sce, mn, and ... | 2011 | 21986884 |