| [herpesvirus epidemic in greek (testudo hermanni) and moorish land tortoises (testudo graeca) in switzerland]. | based on an epidemic in switzerland, the histopathological findings of a viremic herpes infection in spur-tailed and spur-thighed mediterranean land tortoises are described for the first time. horizontal viral transmission has been proved; the vertical transmission is suggested. an impression smear of the tongue enables an early clinical diagnosis. | 1990 | 2163101 |
| isolation and partial characterization of igg-like immunoglobulins from frog (rana ridibunda pall.) and tortoise (testudo graeca pall.) serum. | 1. by successive application of gel-filtration and ion-exchange chromatography igg fraction have been isolated from frog (rana ridibunda pall.) and tortoise (testudo graeca pall.) sera. 2. the homogeneity of the fractions has been confirmed and a similar electrophoretic mobility has been revealed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoelectrophoresis. 3. in rabbits polyclonal antibodies giving specific reaction with the corresponding igg immunoglobulin have been raised. | 1988 | 3132347 |
| [comparative anatomical study of the synovial membrane in representatives of 4 classes of terrestrial vertebrate]. | the synovial membrane (sm) of some representatives of four terrestrial vertebrate classes was studied by means of scanning electron microscope (sem). the figures of sm of the mammals (man, mini-pig), birds (fowl, gallus domesticus l.), reptiles (lizard, lacerta viridis laur. and turtle, testudo graeca l.) and amphibians (frog, rana esculanta l.) are documented. the sm of all animal species investigated presents a great locally variable appearance in form and surface arrangement of the living cel ... | 1987 | 3314799 |
| mortality in imported tortoises (testudo graeca and t. hermanni) in the united kingdom. | | 1988 | 3382907 |
| mortality of mediterranean tortoises (testudo graeca and testudo hermanni) in pet shops prior to sale. | | 1987 | 3427394 |
| rhinitis in long term captive mediterranean tortoises (testudo graeca and t hermanii). | rhinitis is a common condition of captive mediterranean tortoises (testudo species). the interpretation of the results of the bacteriological examination of naso-oropharyngeal swabs from affected individuals has proved difficult, because the normal bacterial population of this region was unknown. no substantial differences in the strains of bacteria isolated from healthy individuals and from those affected by rhinitis could be found in this study. the report that sendai virus was implicated in t ... | 1985 | 4095882 |
| influence of incubation temperaure on interferon mechanism in cells of testudo graeca kidney. | | 1973 | 4148898 |
| cultivating the virus of the variolovaccine in tissue culture of pancreas of testudo graeca. | | 1966 | 4288456 |
| multiplication of myxovirus parainfluenzae 1 (sendai) in lung tissue culture of tortoise (testudo graeca). | | 1969 | 4319709 |
| interferon production in arbovirus-infected cell cultures of tortoise (testudo graeca) kidney. | | 1973 | 4405393 |
| [experimental infection of tortoises of the species testudo graeca and testudo hermanni with salmonella bacteria]. | | 1966 | 4862033 |
| [effects of an estrogen hormone, estradiol benzoate, on the moorish turtle (testudo graeca l.) embryo urogenital apparatus]. | | 1969 | 4983264 |
| [multiplication of respiratory-syncytial-virus in lung cell cultures of tortoises of the species testudo graeca]. | | 1969 | 5358862 |
| [cultivation of rickettsia rickettsi (type dermacentroxenus conori) in tissue cultures of kidney from a cold-blooded animal (testudo graeca)]. | | 1967 | 5628417 |
| [on the length of time of fecal arizona elimination in land turtles of the species testudo graeca and testudo hermanni]. | | 1965 | 5857510 |
| [distribution of arizona bacteria among free-living land turtles of the species testudo graeca and testuda hermanni]. | | 1965 | 5857511 |
| [on the duration of fecal elimination of salmonellae in land turtles of the orders testudo graeca and testudo hermanii]. | | 1965 | 5869208 |
| cultivation of sheep abortion virus in tissue culture of tortoise lung (testudo graeca). | | 1966 | 5951005 |
| [distribution of fecal salmonella and arizona carriers in the free living turtles testudo graeca and testudo hermanni]. | | 1966 | 5991750 |
| [on the characteristics of fecal salmonella carrier state in the land turtle of the species testudo graeca and testudo hermanni]. | | 1966 | 5994746 |
| pneumonia in moorish tortoises (testudo graeca) associated with avian serovar a chlamydia psittaci. | | 1994 | 7817509 |
| herpesviruses in tortoises: investigations into virus isolation and the treatment of viral stomatitis in testudo hermanni and t. graeca. | various studies were done during a spontaneous outbreak of stomatitis-rhinitis-complex (mouth rot) in a collection of mediterranean land tortoises (21 testudo hermanni, hermann's tortoises, and three testudo graeca, spur-thighed tortoises) in southern germany. these studies were intended to help diagnose the causative agent, establish a possible diagnostic method in vivo and provide information on the efficacy of aciclovir and ganciclovir against chelonian herpesviruses. thirteen t. hermanni and ... | 1997 | 9323927 |
| chronic rhinitis associated with herpesviral infection in captive spur-thighed tortoises from spain. | an epidemic of chronic rhinitis in a population of 50 captive spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca graeca) from palafrugell (girona, spain) is described, in which eight animals died and 12 were euthanatized to perform necropsies and post-mortem studies. the main clinical sign was a bilateral, seromucous rhinitis often accompanied by stomatitis and glossitis. hematology and serum biochemistry were performed in 33 of the 50 ill animals and in 29 healthy tortoises from three disease-free populati ... | 1998 | 9706558 |
| detection and isolation of a herpesvirus from a spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca) in the uk. | | 1999 | 10606021 |
| oxyuroids of palearctic testudinidae--new definition for alaeuris seurat, 1918 (nematoda: pharyngodonidae) and redescription of alaeuris numidica (seurat, 1918). | the generic diagnosis of alaeuris is emended based on the study and redescription of alaeuris numidica from the cecum of testudo graeca collected in settat, morocco and of testudo hermanni collected in catalonia, spain. scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that the papillae previously described as adanal are simple lobes because of the lack of terminal nerves, and that both preanal and postanal papillae are pedunculate. these new findings allowed us to emend the diagnosis of the genus a ... | 2001 | 11227877 |
| diseases of the respiratory tract of chelonians. | diseases of the respiratory tract commonly occur in captive chelonians, and several diseases also have occurred in wild chelonians. infectious causes include viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. herpesviruses have surfaced as important pathogens of the oral cavity and respiratory tract in hermann's tortoise (testudo hermanii), spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca), and other tortoises in europe and the united states. herpesvirus-associated respiratory diseases also have been reported in the ... | 2000 | 11228895 |
| redescription of mehdiella microstoma and description of mehdiella petterae sp. n., with a new definition of the genus mehdiella seurat, 1918 (nematoda: pharyngodonidae). | the generic diagnosis of mehdiella seurat, 1918 is emended based on study and redescription of mehdiella microstoma (drasche, 1884) from the caecum of testudo graeca linnaeus, 1758 collected in settat, morocco and on study and description of a new species, mehdiella petterae sp. n., from the large intestine of testudo hermanni (gmelin, 1789) collected in catalonia, spain. scanning electron microscopy (sem) studies revealed substantial differences in the structure of the mouth and the caudal end, ... | 2001 | 11437127 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting herpesvirus exposure in mediterranean tortoises (spur-thighed tortoise [testudo graeca] and hermann's tortoise [testudo hermanni]). | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of antibodies to a herpesvirus associated with an upper respiratory tract disease in mediterranean tortoises [spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca) and hermann's tortoise (testudo hermanni)]. this serodiagnostic test was validated through a hyperimmunization study. the mean of the a(405) readings of the plasma samples collected at time zero of the hyperimmunization study plus three times the standard deviation was used ... | 2001 | 11526144 |
| pulmonary candidiasis caused by candida albicans in a greek tortoise (testudo graeca) and treatment with intrapulmonary amphotericin b. | an adult female greek tortoise (testudo graeca) presented with dyspnea, lethargy, and anorexia. severe unilateral pulmonary candidiasis was diagnosed and confirmed by histologic and microbiologic evaluations. initial treatment with ketoconazole resulted in plasma elevations of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and bile acids consistent with imidazole-induced hepatotoxicity. plasma chemistry abnormalities resolved upon withdrawal of the drug. temporary osteotomy permitted access ... | 2001 | 12785685 |
| [the presence in the serum of the bulgarian turtle testudo graeca of agglutinating pasteurella tularensis]. | | 1961 | 13733589 |
| [salmonella in tortoises (testudo graeca) in bulgaria. i]. | | 1961 | 13886458 |
| intercellular development of mycobacterium tuberculosis (typus humanus) in tissue culture of kidney epithelium of tortoise (testudo graeca). | | 1962 | 13992760 |
| [multiplication of mumps virus, vaccinia virus and herpesvirus on tortoise (testudo graeca) kidney cells cultured by a simplified method]. | | 1963 | 14048735 |
| [eosinophilic nuclear inclusions induced by the multiplication of newcastle disease virus in tortoise (testudo graeca) kidney cells]. | | 1963 | 14048736 |
| [cultivation of the virus of vesicular stomatitis on tissue culture of cold-blooded animals(testudo graeca)]. | | 1964 | 14219378 |
| cultivating the virus of abortion in sheep on tissue culture of cold-blooded animal (testudo graeca). | | 1964 | 14246385 |
| the resistance of tortoises, testudo graeca l., against toxocara canis infection. | | 1965 | 14272967 |
| [influence of the serum and plasma of testudo graeca on the culture of embryonal hepatic tissue and human amnion]. | | 1961 | 14483041 |
| experimental transmission of a herpesvirus in greek tortoises (testudo graeca). | an experimental transmission study aimed at fulfilling koch's postulates for a herpesvirus-associated stomatitis-rhinitis in mediterranean tortoises is presented. clinical, pathologic, serologic, and molecular studies were performed linking tortoise herpesvirus with the pathogenesis of stomatitis-rhinitis. four adult greek tortoises received either intranasally or intramuscularly two tortoise herpesvirus isolates by primary experimental infection and secondary challenge 11 months later. after th ... | 2004 | 14715968 |
| cytotoxic effects of some animal and vegetable extracts and some chemicals on liver and colon carcinoma and myosarcoma. | to study, the cytotoxic effects of some biological and chemical agents on g1, s, g2, m and g0 phases of liver and colon carcinomas and myosarcoma cells obtained with chemical carcinogens dimethylbenzanthracene (dmba) and cadmium chloride. | 2004 | 14968209 |
| prevalence of mycoplasma agassizii and chelonian herpesvirus in captive tortoises (testudo sp.) in the united kingdom. | during the months of april to august in 1999 and 2002, oral swabs were collected from 146 tortoises (testudo sp.) in private collections in the united kingdom and tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the presence of mycoplasma agassizii and chelonian herpesvirus (chhv). the presence of m. agassizii was confirmed by restriction digestion of the pcr product. a 307-bp fragment of the chhv ul5 homologue gene was sequenced and found to show most similarity to equine herpesvirus type 1. a pre ... | 2004 | 15193070 |
| borrelia turcica sp. nov., isolated from the hard tick hyalomma aegyptium in turkey. | previously, a novel, fast-growing spirochaete was isolated from the hard tick hyalomma aegyptium, which infests tortoises (testudo graeca), by using barbour-stoenner-kelly (bsk) ii medium; the tick samples were taken from the istanbul area in northwestern turkey [güner et al. (2003). microbiology 149, 2539-2544]. here is presented a detailed characterization of the spirochaete. electron microscopy revealed that strain ist7t is morphologically similar to other spirochaetes of the genus borrelia a ... | 2004 | 15388724 |
| [rapd variation in mediterranean turtle testudo graeca l. (testudinidae)]. | the polymerase chain reaction with arbitrary primers (rapd-pcr) was used to study intraspecific variation in mediterranean turtle testudo graeca, which is represented by the dagestan (t. g. pallasi) and nikolskii (t. g. nikolskii) subspecies in russia. to study the phylogenetic relationships, the rapd variation was also compared in two other t. graeca subspecies (t. g. ibera and t. g. terrestris), two closely related testudo species (t. kleinmanni and t. marginata), and central asian turtle agri ... | 2004 | 15648145 |
| mitochondrial haplotype diversity in the tortoise species testudo graeca from north africa and the middle east. | to help conservation programs of the endangered spur-thighed tortoise and to gain better insight into its systematics, genetic variation and evolution in the tortoise species testudo graeca (testudines: testudinidae) was investigated by sequence analysis of a 394-nucleotide fragment of the mitochondrial 12s rrna gene for 158 tortoise specimens belonging to the subspecies testudo graeca graeca, testudo graeca ibera, testudo graeca terrestris, and a newly recognized subspecies testudo graeca white ... | 2005 | 15836787 |
| granulomatous hepatitis caused by salmonella typhimurium in a spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca). | | 2005 | 16113171 |
| epidemiology and biology of nematodofauna affecting testudo hermanni, testudo graeca and testudo marginata in italy. | tortoises of the genus testudo living in italy are testudo hermanni, testudo graeca and testudo marginata. although a great deal of information has been acquired on the internal medicine and surgery on these animals, little is known of their parasitological fauna. a survey on the presence of gastro-intestinal parasitic nematodes in tortoises bred in italy was carried out to acquire extensive epidemiological data. stool samples of 62 tortoises (37 t. hermanni hermanni, 13 t. graeca, 6 t. hermanni ... | 2005 | 16237575 |
| prevalence of hemolivia mauritanica (apicomplexa: adeleina: haemogregarinidae) in natural populations of tortoises of the genus testudo in the east mediterranean region. | hemolivia mauritanica (sergent et sergent, 1904) infections were found in 14% (n= 14) of testudo graeca linnaeus, 1758 tortoises in bulgaria and in 92% (n = 26) of those in turkey. hemolivia mauritanica-like gametocytes were found in 81% (n = 47) of wild testudo marginata schoepff, 1792 tortoises in greece. parasitaemia intensity (the percentage of infected red blood cells found in approximately 104 cells) was 0.03-22.4% in t. graeca and 0.06-12.27% in t. marginata. on the other hand, all blood ... | 2005 | 16405300 |
| salmonella in free living terrestrial and aquatic turtles. | detection of salmonella in pet turtles has been the focus of extensive research, but its incidence in free living turtles is not well known. the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of salmonella in terrestrial and aquatic species of chelonians inhabiting a national park in southwestern spain. individuals of the terrestrial tortoise testudo graeca (n = 16) and the aquatic turtles emys orbicularis (n = 26) and mauremys leprosa (n = 50) were investigated. maximum incidence of salmonella ... | 2007 | 16979850 |
| hemolivia mauritanica (haemogregarinidae: apicomplexa) infection in the tortoise testudo graeca in the near east with data on sporogonous development in the tick vector hyalomna aegyptium. | testudo groeca tortoises were collected in the northern and southern golan heights (israeli occupied territory of south syria), and various locations in israel and palestine. hyoalomma oegyptium ticks were found only on golan height tortoises, and only the tortoises and ticks from the northern golan heights were infected with hemolivia mouritanica. tortoises became infected after ingesting infected ticks. male ticks carrying sporocysts, which remain attached to tortoises for extended durations, ... | 2006 | 17285846 |
| antibodies to viruses in wild-caught spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) in turkey. | | 2007 | 17652436 |
| salmonella species in turtles. | salmonella spp. occur abundantly in the feces of the turtles testudo graeca and t. hermanni but rarely in other testudines. these organisms do not seem to produce any kind of infection in the turtles. one possible explanation for the infestation is the coprophagic habit of t. graeca and t. hermanni.. | 1962 | 17732196 |
| cryptosporidium from tortoises: genetic characterisation, phylogeny and zoonotic implications. | cryptosporidiosis is a disease caused by apicomplexan parasites of the genus cryptosporidium, which affect the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals worldwide. in the present study, cryptosporidium isolates from captive european tortoises (testudo graeca, testudo hermanni and testudo marginata) in italy were genetically characterised using gene/s encoding cryptosporidium oocyst wall protein (cowp) and/or the hypervariable segment internal to the ssu rdna. six isolates from t. graeca, t. h ... | 2008 | 18234467 |
| salmonella species in free-living spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) in central western morocco. | | 2008 | 18281632 |
| co-distribution pattern of a haemogregarine hemolivia mauritanica (apicomplexa: haemogregarinidae) and its vector hyalomma aegyptium (metastigmata: ixodidae). | hyalomma aegyptium ticks were collected from tortoises, testudo graeca, at localities in northern africa, the balkans, and the near and middle east. the intensity of infestation ranged from 1-37 ticks per tortoise. the sex ratio of feeding ticks was male-biased in all tested populations. larger tortoises carried more ticks than did the smaller tortoises. the juveniles were either not infested, or carried only a poor tick load. hyalomma aegyptium was absent in the western souss valley and ourika ... | 2009 | 18954156 |
| the distal forelimb musculature in aquatic and terrestrial turtles: phylogeny or environmental constraints? | we compared the muscular anatomy of the distal front limb in terrestrial and aquatic chelonians to test whether observed differences between the two groups are associated with their divergent lifestyles and locomotor modes. given the different use of the forelimb in the two environments (body support and propulsion on land vs. mainly propulsion in water) we expected that: (1) aquatic and terrestrial turtles would show differences in their muscular anatomy, with aquatic species having more indivi ... | 2008 | 19172731 |
| detection and partial characterization of herpesviruses from egyptian tortoises (testudo kleinmanni) imported into italy from libya. | a group of approximately 370 egyptian tortoises (testudo kleinmanni) and 36 spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) were illegally imported into italy from libya. within 6 mo of their entry into italy, all but 40 of the egyptian tortoises had died with signs of severe stomatitis. herpesviruses were detected from the tongues of seven egyptian tortoises by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and virus isolation. sequencing of a portion of the ul39 homologue of the herpesviruses from three different to ... | 2009 | 19368266 |
| comparison of total calcium, ionised calcium and albumin concentrations in the plasma of captive tortoises (testudo species). | plasma total calcium, ionised calcium and albumin levels in hermann's tortoises (testudo hermanni), spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca), marginated tortoises (testudo marginata) and horsfield's tortoises (testudo horsfieldi) were investigated. the animals were captive adults maintained under natural unfiltered sunlight in the uk with no dietary sources of cholecalciferol. analysis of total calcium data showed statistically significant seasonal elevations in females in august compared with ma ... | 2009 | 19850853 |
| blood delta-alad, lead and cadmium concentrations in spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) from southeastern spain and northern africa. | mediterranean spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca) is actually included in the iucn as vulnerable species. its main european population is located in southeastern spain. although a great deal of information has been acquired on the internal medicine and survey and even parasitological fauna on these animals, there are no references about contaminants levels in this species. the objectives of this study were to compare the levels of two metals (cadmium and lead) in the blood of spur-thighed tor ... | 2010 | 19937111 |
| salmonella infection in illegally imported spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca). | the prevalence of salmonella infection was determined in a group of spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) seized during two smuggling attempts and in a population of captive hermann's tortoises (testudo hermanni) sheltered in a wildlife rescue centre. salmonella spp. was isolated in 81 of 220 (36.8%) and in 17 of 67 (25.4%) cloacal swabs collected from the t. graeca and t. hermanni tortoises respectively. overall, a total of 21 different salmonella serotypes were found. some of these serotypes ... | 2011 | 20626717 |
| mycoplasma and herpesvirus pcr detection in tortoises with rhinitis-stomatitis complex in spain. | chelonid herpesvirus (chhv) and mycoplasmal infections cause similar clinical signs in terrestrial tortoises and may be the most important causative agents of rhinitis-stomatitis complex, a common disease in captive tortoises worldwide. currently, diagnosis of chhv and mycoplasma spp. infections is most often based on serologic testing. however, serologic results only detect past exposure, and the specificity of these tests can be reduced due to antigenic cross-reactions with other pathogens. mo ... | 2011 | 21270008 |
| detection and characterization of mycoplasma spp. and salmonella spp. in free-living european tortoises (testudo hermanni, testudo graeca, and testudo marginata). | free-living and captive chelonians might suffer from upper respiratory tract disease (urtd), a pathology primarily caused by mycoplasma agassizii. wild tortoises can also be an important reservoir of salmonella spp., which are commensal in the host reptile but are potential zoonotic agents. between july 2009 and june 2010, we screened free-living european tortoises (spur-thighed tortoises testudo graeca, hermann's tortoises testudo hermanni, marginated tortoises testudo marginata) temporarily ho ... | 2011 | 21719840 |
| zoonotic pathogens associated with hyalomma aegyptium in endangered tortoises: evidence for host-switching behaviour in ticks? | hyalomma aegyptium is a hard-tick with a typical three-host life cycle. the main hosts are palearctic tortoises of genus testudo. however, other hosts can be used by immature ticks for feeding in natural conditions. given this complex ecology and multiple host use, the circulation of pathogens by h. aegyptium between various hosts can be important from epidemiological point of view. the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of h. aegyptium as natural carrier of four important zoonotic patho ... | 2012 | 23273169 |
| the liver of testudo graeca (chelonia). a comparative study of hibernating and non-hibernating animals. | in the present work, a comparative study of the liver of hibernating and non-hibernating specimens of testudo graeca (chelonia) has been carried out by light and electron microscopy. during hibernation, the morphological changes which take place do not affect the general architecture of the liver, but are mainly concerned with the number and distribution of the cytoplasmic organelles and reserve materials in the hepatocytes. in non-hibernating animals, the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes has a larg ... | 2013 | 3599126 |
| ultrastructure of the respiratory epithelium in the lungs of the tortoise, testudo graeca. | the respiratory epithelium in the lungs of the tortoise (testudo graeca) has been studied by electron microscopy. the epithelium consists of a mosaic of two different cell types (here called "pneumonocytes"). type i pneumonocytes are roughly squamous and possess attenuated flanges of cytoplasm which extend over the septal capillaries. localized cytoplasmic expansions are often present near the periphery of these flanges. most of the organelles are concentrated in the perinuclear region; the most ... | 1992 | 195734 |
| gonadogenesis in embryos of two tortoise species, emys orbicularis l. and testudo graeca l., at different temperatures. | | 2016 | 4778513 |
| myoid cells in the peritubular tissue (lamina propria) of the reptilian testis. | the arrangement and fine structure of peritubular myoid cells was studied in the testes of three species of reptiles (lacerta dugesi, testudo graeca and natrix natrix) during two short periods of the seasonal cycle (european spring and autumn) and correlated with some ultrastructural properties of leydig cells. the lamina propria consists of myoid cells, fibroblasts and non-cellular components comprising collageneous and non-striated microfibrils. both components are arranged in alternating laye ... | 2005 | 1201592 |
| transstadial transmission of borrelia turcica in hyalomma aegyptium ticks. | borrelia turcica comprises the third major group of arthropod-transmitted borreliae and is phylogenetically divergent from other borrelia groups. the novel group of borrelia was initially isolated from hyalomma aegyptium ticks in turkey and it was recently found in blood and multiple organs of tortoises exported from jordan to japan. however, the ecology of these spirochetes and their development in ticks or the vertebrate hosts were not investigated in detail; our aims were to isolate the patho ... | 2015 | 25695663 |
| hidden threat of tortoise ticks: high prevalence of crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus in ticks hyalomma aegyptium in the middle east. | it is the first time that crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever virus (cchfv), causing potentially lethal disease of humans, has been reported from the middle east region and from the tortoise tick hyalomma aegyptium from a tortoise host, whose epidemiological significance may have remained almost completely overlooked so far. we used rt-pcr to screen for 245 ticks collected from 38 testudo graeca tortoise individuals. results of our genetic screening provide unambiguous evidence of occurrence of cch ... | 2014 | 24618184 |
| differences in helminth infections between captive and wild spur-thighed tortoises testudo graeca in southern spain: a potential risk of reintroductions of this species. | although the spur-thighed tortoise, testudo graeca, is one of the most widely distributed species of tortoises, its natural populations are threatened through its whole range. particularly at south-eastern spain, the species is mainly threatened by habitat destruction and over-collection, given that this chelonian has been traditionally considered an appreciate pet. as south-eastern spanish wildlife recovery centers shelter hundreds of captive animals mainly coming from illegal trade or captive- ... | 2012 | 22440722 |
| a new species of haemoproteus from a tortoise (testudo graeca) in turkey, with remarks on molecular phylogenetic and morphological analysis. | haemoproteus anatolicum n. sp. was identified in the tortoise testudo graeca. the new species is described based on the morphology of its blood stages and a segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, which can be used for molecular identification and diagnosis. chelonian haemoproteids recorded in the past were defined solely on the basis of their morphological characteristics. the chelonian haemoproteid we describe as a new species has a close genetic relationship to lizard haemoproteids, i ... | 2013 | 22924909 |
| considerations on the ependyma of the encephalic ventricles of tropidonotus natrix, alligator mississipiensis and testudo graeca. | | 1970 | 5492413 |
| lymphoid aggregates in gonads of embryos, hatchlings, and young of turtles with temperature-dependent sex determination. | cellular infiltrations forming lymphoid-like aggregates were previously observed in gonads of two turtle species exhibiting temperature-dependent sex determination (tsd): at hatching in chelydra serpentina; at and after hatching in emys orbicularis. we show here that such aggregates are also present in gonads of testudo graeca by the end of embryonic development, suggesting that their occurrence is general in turtles. since in c. serpentina, infiltrations were observed mainly in testes exhibitin ... | 2004 | 14743515 |
| isolation and partial characterization of igm-like immunoglobulins from the serum of carp (cyprinus carpio l.), frog (rana ridibunda pall.) and tortoise (testudo graeca pall.). | 1. igm-like immunoglobulin fractions have been isolated by combinations of precipitation procedures and gel-filtration from the serum of three vertebrate species, representative of the classes of pisces (cyprinus carpio l.), amphibia (rana ridibunda pall.) and reptilia (testudo graeca pall.). 2. the homogeneity of the isolated fractions has been confirmed electrophoretically and immunoelectrophoretically. 3. electrophoretic mobility of igm, similar for the three species studied has been observed ... | 1988 | 3132346 |
| prevalence and intensity of blood apicomplexan infections in reptiles from romania. | in order to evaluate prevalence and intensity of apicomplexan hemoparasites in free-ranging reptiles from romania, blood smears were collected from european pond turtles (emys orbicularis), sand lizards (lacerta agilis), and spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca). all three host species were positive for blood parasites, with prevalence of infected individuals between 60.71% and 100% and variable intensity. similarities and differences with other epidemiological data are discussed. | 2008 | 18283494 |
| [contacts of the basal processes of the visual cone cells in the outer plexiform layer of the sensory membrane of the eyeball in turtles]. | in two tortoise (agrionemys horsfieldi gray, testudo graeca l.) and three turtle (emys orbicularis l., clemmys (mauremys) caspica gmel, tryonix sinensis wieg) species, contacts of basal processes (synaptic peduncles of the cone cells) have been studied electron microscopically. their ultrastructure and peculiarities in organization of specialized junctions between each other and with other neural elements are described. the interreceptory contacts revealed are considered to be of one of the gap ... | 1983 | 6661055 |
| [tunisian reptiles. iii. distribution and need for protection of terrestrial and fresh water turtles]. | the distribution and habitats in tunisia of the tortoise testudo graeca graeca and of the two turtles emys orbicularis and mauremys caspica leprosa are investigated throughout the country. the present low level of population density is recent; its causes are precised. the protection, more specially for the two first species, must be very efficient. | 2006 | 747452 |
| aortic intimal thickenings in tortoises. | the aorta and coronary arteries of two tortoise species, testudo graeca ibera and emys orbicularis are investigated. the elastic aorta of the first species showed minimal focal intimal thickenings while the muscular aorta of the second presented marked diffuse hyperplasia narrowing the caliber of the vessel. the author discusses this striking finding of the aortic structural differences between the two species investigated as well as the significance of such lesions for atherosclerosis developme ... | 2003 | 594625 |
| [topography and cytoarchitectonics of the main cortical zones of the turtle forebrain]. | the description of cytoarchitectonics and topography of the three principle cortical zones of the forebrain of emys orbicularis reveals that the cortical structures in the species are precisely distinguished with respect to their neuronal characteristics, density and the situation of cellular elements. emys orbicularis occupies an intermediate position among the species of the order chelonia described in the literature as regards the level of development of the forebrain cellular structures. emy ... | 1977 | 597065 |
| ultrastructure of the joint receptors of the tortoise (testudo graeca. emys orbicularis). | the ultrastructure of the spray-like ramified encapsulated corpuscles with the primitive inner core from the joint capsules of the large limb joints of the tortoise (testudo graeca and emys orbicularis) was examined. each of the branches of the receptor consists of three components. through the middle of the receptor branche runs the nerve terminal, containing in the receptor matrix numerous mitochondria, tiny light vesicles and neurofilaments and neurotubules running in the axial way. the nerve ... | 1975 | 1234809 |
| [autoradiographic study of the anterior limb-bud development in two species of chelonians (testudo graeca l. and emys orbicularis l)]. | | 1973 | 4717984 |
| [temperature effects on the development of genital glands in the embryos of 2 chelonians, emys orbicularis l. and testudo graeca l]. | | 1972 | 4622404 |
| [synthesis activities in the apical epiblastic crest of forelimb anlagen in turtle (testudo graeca and emys orbicularis l.) embryos; histological and autoradiographic study]. | | 1972 | 4622080 |
| [sex ratio in the embryos of 2 chelonians (testudo graeca l. and emys orbicularis l.) born of artificially incubated ova]. | | 1971 | 4997326 |
| [contributions to ontogenesis of the hypophysis of testudo graeca and emys orbicularis, with special consideration of its relations to prechordal plate, chorda and intestinal roof]. | | 1956 | 13468674 |
| whole genome characterization of a chelonian orthoreovirus strain identifies significant genetic diversity and may classify reptile orthoreoviruses into distinct species. | in this study we report the sequence and phylogenetic characterization of an orthoreovirus strain, ch1197/96, isolated from a spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca) on chicken embryo fibroblast cells. the 23,957 bp long genome sequence was obtained by combined use of semiconductor and capillary sequencing. although the genomic characterization showed that the virus was most similar to the bush viper reovirus strain, 47/02, and in phylogenies performed with all segments the two strains formed a m ... | 2016 | 26892635 |
| soft plastron, soft carapace with skeletal abnormality in juvenile tortoises. histopathology and isolation of a novel picornavirus from testudo graeca and geochelone elegans. | a disease is described in juvenile tortoises (testudo graeca and geochelone elegans) consisting mainly of a soft carapace, soft plastron and deformed skeleton. the aim of this study was to determine histopathological lesions and the biological properties of the isolated viruses. | 2014 | 25323213 |
| descriptions of two new species of the genus tachygonetria wedl, 1862 (nematoda-pharyngodonidae) and discussion of the relationships among the species of the genus. | two species of pinworm, parasites of testudo graeca linneaus, 1758 from morocco, are described: tachygonetria poulini sp. nov. and tachygonetria settatensis sp. nov. light and scanning electron microscopy studies revealed morphological differences in the structure of the cephalic end in both sexes, as well as in the structure of the caudal end in the male, which enabled us to differentiate these species from others, and from each other. the relationships among the species of the genus tachygonet ... | 2003 | 12898227 |
| description of tachygonetria combesi n. sp. and redescriptions of four species of tachygonetria wedl, 1862 (nematoda: pharyngodonidae), with a new diagnosis of the genus. | the generic diagnosis of tachygonetria wedl, 1862 is modified based on the study and redescription of tachygonetria vivipara wedl, 1862 (collected from large intestine of uromastyx acanthinurus bell, from north africa) and t. dentata (drasche, 1883) (collected from large intestine of testudo graeca linnaeus in settat, morocco and t. hermanni gmelin in catalonia, spain). the following taxa were redescribed: tachygonetria conica (drasche, 1883) and t. robusta (drasche, 1883) (both from the large i ... | 2002 | 12386421 |
| detection of mycoplasma spp., herpesviruses, topiviruses, and ferlaviruses in samples from chelonians in europe. | we tested samples from 1,015 chelonians in europe for mycoplasma spp., herpesviruses, ranaviruses, picornaviruses, and ferlaviruses by pcr. mycoplasma spp. were detected in 42.1% and herpesviruses were detected in 8.0% of tested chelonians. differentiation of the herpesviruses revealed that 46.9% of the detected chelonian viruses were testudinid herpesvirus 1 (tehv-1) and 54.3% were tehv-3, including co-detections of tehv-1 and -3 in 3 tortoises. tehv-4 was detected in a leopard tortoise ( stigm ... | 2017 | 28754074 |
| body size development of captive and free-ranging leopard tortoises (geochelone pardalis). | the growth and weight development of leopard tortoise hatchings (geochelone pardalis) kept at the al wabra wildlife preservation (awwp), qatar, was observed for more than four years, and compared to data in literature for free-ranging animals on body weight or carapace measurements. the results document a distinctively faster growth in the captive animals. indications for the same phenomenon in other tortoise species (galapagos giant tortoises, g. nigra; spur-thighed tortoises, testudo graeca; d ... | 2010 | 19722272 |
| a protein titration hypothesis for the temperature-dependence of tissue co2 content in reptiles and amphibians. | whole-body co2 stores are known to increase with cooling in reptiles and amphibians (-[co2]/t ). the aim of this study was to determine the mechanism(s) producing this inverse relationship. the [co2]/t coefficients were determined for eight reptilian and one amphibian species and were found to differ by a factor of approximately 10, from -0.21 mmol kg-1 °c-1 in the mediterranean spur-thighed tortoise testudo graeca to -0.02 mmol kg-1 °c-1 in the bullfrog rana catesbeiana. the [co2]/t coe ... | 1998 | 9427674 |
| comparative ultrastructural analysis of two tortoise bladders, testudo graeca and geochelone carbonaria. | urinary bladders from the desert tortoises, testudo graeca and geochelone carbonaria were removed at specific times during the year and species in all bladders examined: (1) granular cells, (2) mitochondria-rich cells, and (3) basal cells. cells analogous to these three types have also been observed in amphibian bladders (from toad bufo marinus and bullfrog, rana catesbiana) and reptilian bladders (from pseudemys scripta and clemmys caspica). both tortoises have an incomplete layer of basal cell ... | 1976 | 1252017 |
| phylogeny, diversity, distribution, and host specificity of haemoproteus spp. (apicomplexa: haemosporida: haemoproteidae) of palaearctic tortoises. | a complex wide-range study on the haemoproteid parasites of chelonians was carried out for the first time. altogether, 811 samples from four tortoise species from an extensive area between western morocco and eastern afghanistan and between romania and southern syria were studied by a combination of microscopic and molecular-genetic methods. altogether 160 haemoproteus-positive samples were gathered in the area between central anatolia and eastern afghanistan. according to variability in the cyt ... | 2015 | 25939459 |
| leptoconops bezzii (diptera: ceratopogonidae) parasitizing tortoises testudo graeca (testudines: testudinidae) in mountain ranges of lebanon and western syria. | biting midges of the genus leptoconops, subgenus leptoconops (diptera: ceratopogonidae) were repeatedly found parasitizing on spur-thighed tortoises testudo graeca in western syria and lebanon. collected females were assigned to the species l. bezzii according to their morphological characteristics. tortoises parasitized by midges were observed throughout the daytime, under mild temperatures, and slight winds, in mediterranean or stony steppe habitats. intensity of the infestations ranged from a ... | 2007 | 17310393 |
| the dependence of hyalomma aegyptium on its tortoise host testudo graeca in algeria. | hyalomma aegyptium (linnaeus, 1758) (ixodida: ixodidae) has recently been confirmed as a carrier of numerous pathogenic, including zoonotic, agents. four environmentally distinct regions of algeria, located between the humid coastal zone and the arid saharan atlas range, were selected in order to compare differences in tick abundance among localities, and the correlations between tick abundance and host population characteristics and other environmental conditions. sampling was carried out durin ... | 2016 | 27218892 |
| infestation of the spur-thighed tortoise (testudo graeca) by hyalomma aegyptium in tunisia. | we examined 210 spur-thighed tortoises (testudo graeca) for the presence of ticks in tunisia during may 2014. a total number of 602 adult ticks were collected and identified leading to the estimation of parasitological indicators. all the ticks belonged to a single species: hyalomma aegyptium. the mean infestation prevalence was 66.2%, mean overall infestation intensity and abundance were 4.33 and 2.86 ticks/tortoise respectively. our survey showed that tortoises were significantly more infested ... | 2015 | 25791981 |
| risk for the introduction of exotic ticks and pathogens into italy through the illegal importation of tortoises, testudo graeca. | in april 2008, 585 tortoises illegally imported into italy from north africa were examined for the presence of ticks. of these, 221 tortoises (37.8%) were infested with a mean intensity of 3.9 +/- 3.1 ticks (range 1-17 ticks). a total of 798 ticks (672 males, 125 females and one nymph) were collected and identified as hyalomma aegyptium (l.) (acari: ixodidae). the overall male : female ratio observed was 5 : 1. the prevalence and mean intensity [+/-standard deviation (sd)] of ticks were higher a ... | 2010 | 20497316 |
| long-term occurrence of hemolivia cf. mauritanica (apicomplexa: adeleina: haemogregarinidae) in captive testudo marginata (reptilia: testudinidae): evidence for cyclic merogony? | blood smears from wild-caught, long-term captive tortoises, testudo marginata, revealed the presence of gametocytes of a hemolivia mauritanica-like hemogregarine in the erythrocytes of 72% tortoises examined. significant parasitemia was also found in animals living several years in captivity. experimentally infected tortoises showed no evidence of a decrease in parasitemia level more than 15 mo after infection. morphologically, stages found in tortoises' erythrocytes were indistinguishable from ... | 2004 | 15715234 |
| first records of hyalomma aegyptium (acari: ixodida: ixodidae) from the russian spur-thighed tortoise, testudo graeca nikolskii, with an analysis of tick population dynamics. | during the fall of 1995 and the spring of 1996, 77 statistically comparable tick collections, comprising 792 specimens, were made from adults of the russian spur-thighed tortoise, testudo graeca nikolskii, at 4 sites along russia's black sea coast. these are the first tick collections reported from t. g. nikolskii since its recognition as a taxonomic entity. all ticks were determined to be hyalomma (hyalomma) aegyptium, a common tortoise parasite in southern russia that in 1930 was erroneously d ... | 1998 | 9920339 |
| low tortoise abundances in pine forest plantations in forest-shrubland transition areas. | in the transition between mediterranean forest and the arid subtropical shrublands of the southeastern iberian peninsula, humans have transformed habitat since ancient times. understanding the role of the original mosaic landscapes in wildlife species and the effects of the current changes as pine forest plantations, performed even outside the forest ecological boundaries, are important conservation issues. we studied variation in the density of the endangered spur-thighed tortoise (testudo grae ... | 2017 | 28273135 |