| natural hemolytic activity of snake serum. iii. plaque-forming cells in adult and newly-hatched snakes (elaphe quadrivirgata). | | 1978 | 361459 |
| studies on japanese encephalitis virus infection of reptiles. i. experimental infection of snakes and lizards. | experimental infection of four species of snakes, rhabdophis tigrinus tigrinus, elaphe quadrivirgata, elaphe climacophora and agkistrodon halys, and five species of lizards, takydromus tachydromoides, eumeces latiscutatus, eumeces barbouri, eumeces marginatus oshimensis and gekko japonicus, with japanese encephalitis virus (jev) was carried out. evidence of jev multiplication in snakes was not obtained at least under the conditions used in the present study. all lizards except g. japonicus were ... | 1983 | 6141310 |
| natural hemolytic activity of snake serum. iv. physicochemical and immunochemical properties of natural hemolysin in elaphe quadrivirgata. | | 1980 | 6777208 |
| frequencies of cell-surface or cytoplasmic igm-bearing cells in the spleen, thymus and peripheral blood of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | | 1980 | 6997100 |
| an ultrastructural study of the dorsal lingual epithelium of the rat snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the histological characteristics and ultrastructure of the dorsal lingual epithelium of the rat snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, were investigated by light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. most of the surface of the bifurcated part of the tongue was relatively smooth. dome-shaped, hemispherical bulges were compactly arranged on the epithelial cell surface of the basal area of this region. intercellular borders were clearly recognizable as striations. microridges were den ... | 1994 | 7978343 |
| amelogenin protein in tooth germs of the snake elaphe quadrivirgata, immunohistochemistry, cloning and cdna sequence. | in the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, the occurrence of amelogenin was immunohistochemically demonstrated in the enamel of developing tooth germs. teeth of the snake are covered with a thin true enamel layer about 1-2 microns in thickness. light and electron microscopic immunohistochemistry indicated an intense amelogenin immunoreactivity occurring in the enamel layer during the secretory stage of tooth development. cloning and cdna sequence of snake amelogenin was performed by rt-pcr. the amino a ... | 1998 | 9990430 |
| identification of renal podocytes in multiple species: higher vertebrates are vimentin positive/lower vertebrates are desmin positive. | we sought to characterize podocytes in the kidneys of numerous species from amphibians to mammals because of the pivotal function of these cells in renal diseases. for this purpose, intermediate filament (if) proteins of podocytes were examined by immunofluorescence microscopy using antibodies against vimentin, cytokeratins, and desmin. these staining patterns were then compared to those of parietal cells of bowman's capsule and tubular cells of the first portion of the proximal tubule from the ... | 1999 | 10090571 |
| the behavioral reactions of a snake and a turtle to abrupt decreases in gravity. | we report here on the behavioral reaction of two reptiles to abrupt decreases in gravity. one striped rat snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, and three striped-neck pond turtles, mauremys japonica, were exposed to microgravity on parabolic flight, during the filming of a documentary for the nhk television station in japan. the video films revealed that the snake reflexively responded to the shift from hyper- to hypogravity by taking up a defensive posture--on the first parabola, the snake struck at its ... | 1993 | 11542224 |
| imp-gmp 5'-nucleotidase in reptiles: occurrence in a turtle, a tortoise and three species of snakes. | imp-hydrolyzing activity, which is reactive with goose anti-pig lung imp-gmp 5'-nucleotidase (c-n-ii: ec.3.1.3.5) serum, was detected in extracts from liver, heart, kidney, spleen, stomach, skeletal muscle and lung from several species of reptiles: the values found in liver (u/mg protein) of one animal were: 4.5 for an ammono-ureotelic turtle (trionyx sinensis japonicus); 3.7 for an ureo-uricotelic tortoise (testudo elegans); 13-23 for three species of uricotelic snakes: elaphe quadrivirgata, el ... | 2003 | 12892757 |
| mapping the region of the alpha-type phospholipase a2 inhibitor responsible for its inhibitory activity. | alpha-type phospholipase a(2) inhibitory protein (plialpha) from the serum of the venomous snake gloydius brevicaudus, gbplialpha,isone of the protective endogenous proteins that neutralizes its own venom phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)), and it is a homotrimer of subunits having a c-type lectin-like domain. the nonvenomous snake elaphe quadrivirgata has a homologous serum protein, eqplialpha-lp, that does not show any inhibitory activity against various snake venom pla(2)s (okumura, k., inoue, s., i ... | 2005 | 16150695 |
| highly conserved linkage homology between birds and turtles: bird and turtle chromosomes are precise counterparts of each other. | the karyotypes of birds, turtles and snakes are characterized by two distinct chromosomal components, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. this close karyological relationship between birds and reptiles has long been a topic of speculation among cytogeneticists and evolutionary biologists; however, there is scarcely any evidence for orthology at the molecular level. to define the conserved chromosome synteny among humans, chickens and reptiles and the process of genome evolution in the amniote ... | 2005 | 16170625 |
| actin-inhibition and folding of vertebrate deoxyribonuclease i are affected by mutations at residues 67 and 114. | amino acid (aa) residues (val-67 and ala-114) have been suggested as being mainly responsible for actin-binding in human and bovine deoxyribonucleases i (dnase i). this study presents evidence of these two aa mutational mechanisms, not only for actin-binding but also for folding of dnase i in mammals, reptiles and amphibians. human and viper snake (agkistrodon blomhoffii) enzymes are inhibited by actin, whereas porcine, rat snake (elaphe quadrivirgata), and african clawed frog (xenopus laevis) e ... | 2006 | 16311052 |
| evidence for different origin of sex chromosomes in snakes, birds, and mammals and step-wise differentiation of snake sex chromosomes. | all snake species exhibit genetic sex determination with the zz/zw type of sex chromosomes. to investigate the origin and evolution of snake sex chromosomes, we constructed, by fish, a cytogenetic map of the japanese four-striped rat snake (elaphe quadrivirgata) with 109 cdna clones. eleven of the 109 clones were localized to the z chromosome. all human and chicken homologues of the snake z-linked genes were located on autosomes, suggesting that the sex chromosomes of snakes, mammals, and birds ... | 2006 | 17110446 |
| different origins of bird and reptile sex chromosomes inferred from comparative mapping of chicken z-linked genes. | recent progress of chicken genome projects has revealed that bird zw and mammalian xy sex chromosomes were derived from different autosomal pairs of the common ancestor; however, the evolutionary relationship between bird and reptilian sex chromosomes is still unclear. the chinese soft-shelled turtle (pelodiscus sinensis) exhibits genetic sex determination, but no distinguishable (heteromorphic) sex chromosomes have been identified. in order to investigate this further, we performed molecular cy ... | 2007 | 17675849 |
| karyotypic evolution in squamate reptiles: comparative gene mapping revealed highly conserved linkage homology between the butterfly lizard (leiolepis reevesii rubritaeniata, agamidae, lacertilia) and the japanese four-striped rat snake (elaphe quadrivirgata, colubridae, serpentes). | the butterfly lizard (leiolepis reevesii rubritaeniata) has the diploid chromosome number of 2n = 36, comprising two distinctive components, macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. to clarify the conserved linkage homology between lizard and snake chromosomes and to delineate the process of karyotypic evolution in squamata, we constructed a cytogenetic map of l. reevesii rubritaeniata with 54 functional genes and compared it with that of the japanese four-striped rat snake (e. quadrivirgata, 2n = ... | 2009 | 19937109 |
| inhibitory activities of the heterotrimers formed from two α-type phospholipase a2 inhibitory proteins with different enzyme affinities and importance of the intersubunit electrostatic interaction in trimer formation. | α-type phospholipase a2 inhibitory protein (pliα) isolated from the serum of the venomous snake glyoidius brevicaudus, gbpliα, is a homotrimer of subunits having a c-type lectin-like domain. the serum protein from nonvenomous snake elaphe quadrivirgata, eqpliα-lp, is homologous to gbpliα, but it does not show any inhibitory activity against pla2s. when a mixture of denaturant-treated monomeric forms of gbpliα and eqpliα-lp was used to reconstitute their trimers, no significant amounts of heterot ... | 2010 | 20709193 |
| molecular cloning, characterization, and chromosome mapping of reptilian estrogen receptors. | in many vertebrates, steroid hormones are essential for ovarian differentiation during a critical developmental stage as well as promoting the growth and differentiation of the adult female reproductive system. although studies have been extensively conducted in mammals and a few fish, amphibians, and bird species, the molecular mechanisms of sex steroid hormone (estrogens) action have been poorly examined in reptiles. here, we evaluate hormone receptor and ligand interactions in two species of ... | 2010 | 20926589 |
| pigment cell mechanisms underlying dorsal color-pattern polymorphism in the japanese four-lined snake. | to provide histological foundation for studying the genetic mechanisms of color-pattern polymorphisms, we examined light reflectance profiles and cellular architectures of pigment cells that produced striped, nonstriped, and melanistic color patterns in the snake elaphe quadrivirgata. both, striped and nonstriped morphs, possessed the same set of epidermal melanophores and three types of dermal pigment cells (yellow xanthophores, iridescent iridophores, and black melanophores), but spatial varia ... | 2013 | 23913439 |
| the innervation of muscle spindles in the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the morphology and distribution of sensory endings in snake (elaphe quadrivirgata) muscle spindles was studied in silver preparations. the sensory axon supplying long-capsule spindles often bifurcates before or after penetrating the capsule and runs for some distance along the intrafusal fibre. the sensory axon supplying short-capsule spindles penetrates the capsule at a sharp angle, and, without ramification, terminates abruptly on the intrafusal fibre. the sensory terminal is composed of termi ... | 2002 | 135749 |
| purification, characterization and cdna cloning of a phospholipase a2 inhibitor from the serum of the non-venomous snake elaphe quadrivirgata. | the serum of a non-venomous striated snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, was found to contain phospholipase a2 (pla2) inhibitory proteins (plis). one of these inhibitors was purified by sephadex g-200 gel filtration, q-sepharose ff ion-exchange chromatography and butyl sepharose 4ff hydrophobic chromatography. the purified pli inhibited the enzymic activities of all pla2 groups, including elapidae venom (group-i), viperidae venom (group-ii) and honeybee pla2s (group-iii). the inhibitor was a 130 kda gl ... | 1999 | 10377258 |
| a single amino acid substitution of leu130ile in snake dnases i contributes to the acquisition of thermal stability. | we purified pancreatic deoxyribonucleases i (dnases i) from three snakes, elaphe quadrivirgata, elaphe climacophora and agkistrodon blomhoffii, and cloned their cdnas. each mature snake dnase i protein comprised 262 amino acids. wild-type snake dnases i with leu130 were more thermally unstable than wild-type mammalian and avian dnases i with ile130. after substitution of leu130ile, the thermal stabilities of the snake enzymes were higher than those of their wild-type counterparts and similar to ... | 2003 | 12605681 |
| sex chromosome evolution in snakes inferred from divergence patterns of two gametologous genes and chromosome distribution of sex chromosome-linked repetitive sequences. | the discovery of differentially organized sex chromosome systems suggests that heteromorphic sex chromosomes evolved from a pair of homologous chromosomes. whereas karyotypes are highly conserved in alethinophidian snakes, the degeneration status of the w chromosomes varies among species. the z and w chromosomes are morphologically homomorphic in henophidian species, whereas in snakes belonging to caenophidian families the w chromosomes are highly degenerated. snakes therefore are excellent anim ... | 2016 | 27570632 |
| pigment cell mechanism of postembryonic stripe pattern formation in the japanese four-lined snake. | postembryonic changes in the dermal and epidermal pigment cell architecture of the striped and nonstriped morph of the japanese four-lined snake elaphe quadrivirgata were examined to reveal stripe pattern formation after hatching. the striped and nonstriped morphs were distinguishable at the hatching, suggesting that the basis of stripe pattern was formed during embryonic development. in the striped morph, the color of stripes changed from red-brown in juveniles to vivid dark-brown in adults, an ... | 2016 | 26589888 |
| karyotype reorganization in the hokou gecko (gekko hokouensis, gekkonidae): the process of microchromosome disappearance in gekkota. | the hokou gecko (gekko hokouensis: gekkonidae, gekkota, squamata) has the chromosome number 2n = 38, with no microchromosomes. for molecular cytogenetic characterization of the gekkotan karyotype, we constructed a cytogenetic map for g. hokouensis, which retains the ancestral karyotype of gekkota, with 86 functional genes, and compared it with cytogenetic maps for four toxicofera species that have many microchromosomes (elaphe quadrivirgata, varanus salvator macromaculatus, leiolepis reevesii ru ... | 2015 | 26241471 |
| efficient embryonic culture method for the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, and its early developmental stages. | the morphogenesis of snake embryos is an elusive yet fascinating research target for developmental biologists. however, few data exist on development of early snake embryo due to limited availability of pregnant snakes, and the need to harvest early stage embryos directly from pregnant snakes before oviposition without knowing the date of fertilization. we established an ex vivo culture method for early snake embryos using the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. this method, which we n ... | 2014 | 25315231 |
| identification of the linkage group of the z sex chromosomes of the sand lizard (lacerta agilis, lacertidae) and elucidation of karyotype evolution in lacertid lizards. | the sand lizard (lacerta agilis, lacertidae) has a chromosome number of 2n = 38, with 17 pairs of acrocentric chromosomes, one pair of microchromosomes, a large acrocentric z chromosome, and a micro-w chromosome. to investigate the process of karyotype evolution in l. agilis, we performed chromosome banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization for gene mapping and constructed a cytogenetic map with 86 functional genes. chromosome banding revealed that the z chromosome is the fifth largest chrom ... | 2014 | 24840599 |
| karyotype evolution in monitor lizards: cross-species chromosome mapping of cdna reveals highly conserved synteny and gene order in the toxicofera clade. | the water monitor lizard (varanus salvator macromaculatus (vsa), platynota) has a chromosome number of 2n = 40: its karyotype consists of 16 macrochromosomes and 24 microchromosomes. to delineate the process of karyotype evolution in v. salvator macromaculatus, we constructed a cytogenetic map with 86 functional genes and compared it with those of the butterfly lizard (leiolepis reevesii rubritaeniata (lre); 2n = 36) and japanese four-striped rat snake (elaphe quadrivirgata (equ); 2n = 36), memb ... | 2013 | 24343421 |
| odorous and non-fatal skin secretion of adult wrinkled frog (rana rugosa) is effective in avoiding predation by snakes. | the roles played by nonfatal secretions of adult anurans in the avoidance of predation remain unknown. the adult wrinkled frog (rana rugosa) has warty skin with the odorous mucus secretion that is not fatal to the snake elaphe quadrivirgata. we fed r. rugosa or fejervarya limnocharis, which resembles r. rugosa in appearance and has mucus secretion, to snakes and compared the snakes' responses to the frogs. compared to f. limnocharis, r. rugosa was less frequently bitten or swallowed by snakes. t ... | 2013 | 24278410 |
| histological and lectin histochemical studies on the main and accessory olfactory bulbs in the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the main and accessory olfactory bulbs were examined by histological methods and lectin histochemistry in the japanese striped snake. as the results, the histological properties are similar between the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb. in lectin histochemistry, 21 lectins used in this study showed similar binding patterns in the main olfactory bulb and the accessory olfactory bulb. in detail, 15 lectins stained these olfactory bulbs with similar manner, and 6 lectins did not ... | 2013 | 23257605 |
| intra-genomic gc heterogeneity in sauropsids: evolutionary insights from cdna mapping and gc(3) profiling in snake. | extant sauropsids (reptiles and birds) are divided into two major lineages, the lineage of testudines (turtles) and archosauria (crocodilians and birds) and the lineage of lepidosauria (tuatara, lizards, worm lizards and snakes). karyotypes of these sauropsidan groups generally consist of macrochromosomes and microchromosomes. in chicken, microchromosomes exhibit a higher gc-content than macrochromosomes. to examine the pattern of intra-genomic gc heterogeneity in lepidosaurian genomes, we const ... | 2012 | 23140509 |
| identification of g protein α subunits in the main olfactory system and vomeronasal system of the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | in the olfactory system, g proteins couple to the olfactory receptors, and g proteins expressed in the main olfactory system and vomeronasal system vary according to animal species. in this study, g protein α subunits expressed in the main olfactory system and vomeronasal system of the snake were identified by immunohistochemistry. in the olfactory epithelium, only anti-gαolf/s antibody labeled the cilia of the receptor cells. in the vomeronasal epithelium, only anti-gαo antibody labeled the mic ... | 2013 | 23090693 |
| characterization of squamate olfactory receptor genes and their transcripts by the high-throughput sequencing approach. | the olfactory receptor (or) genes represent the largest multigene family in the genome of terrestrial vertebrates. here, the high-throughput next-generation sequencing (ngs) approach was applied to characterization of or gene repertoires in the green anole lizard anolis carolinensis and the japanese four-lined ratsnake elaphe quadrivirgata. tagged polymerase chain reaction (pcr) products amplified from either genomic dna or cdna of the two species were used for parallel pyrosequencing, assemblin ... | 2012 | 22511035 |
| structure and hibernation-associated expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 channel (trpv4) mrna in the japanese grass lizard (takydromus tachydromoides). | animals possess systems for sensing environmental temperature using temperature-sensitive ion channels called transient receptor potential channels (trps). various trps have been identified and characterized in mammals. however, those of ectotherms, such as reptiles, are less well studied. here, we identify the v subfamily of trp (trpv) in two reptile species: japanese grass lizard (takydromus tachydromoides) and japanese four-lined ratsnake (elaphe quadrivirgata). phylogenetic analysis of trpvs ... | 2012 | 22379986 |
| seasonal changes in the histochemical properties of the olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal organ in the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | seasonal changes in the histochemical properties of the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia of the japanese striped snake were examined in four seasons, viz. the reproductive, pre-hibernating, hibernating and post-hibernating seasons. in the vomeronasal and olfactory supporting cells, secretory granules were much more abundant in the hibernating season than in the other seasons. in the vomeronasal and olfactory receptor cells, the lipofuscin granules were much fewer in the post-hibernating seaso ... | 2012 | 21895741 |
| lectin histochemical studies on the olfactory epithelium and vomeronasal organ in the japanese striped snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the olfactory epithelium and the vomeronasal organ of the japanese striped snake were examined by lectin histochemistry. of the 21 lectins used in the study, all lectins except succinylated-wheat germ agglutinin (s-wga) showed similar binding patterns in the vomeronasal receptor cells and the olfactory receptor cells with varying intensities. the binding patterns of s-wga varied among individuals in the vomeronasal and olfactory receptor cells, respectively. four lectins, bandeiraea simplicifoli ... | 2010 | 20597100 |
| does the thermal advantage of melanism produce size differences in color-dimorphic snakes? | despite extensive research, the function and adaptive significance of melanism remain controversial.in snakes, melanistic individuals enjoy a thermal advantage compared with normal-colored individuals due to superior thermoregulatory capabilities. the hypothetical consequences of this thermal advantage are that melanistic individuals have longer daily and seasonal active periods, and thus collect more food, resulting in a higher growth rate and larger body size. to test the generality of this hy ... | 2009 | 19832682 |
| molecular cloning of full-length dmrt1 cdna of reeves turtle (chinemys reevesii). | we cloned and sequenced a full-length open reading frame turtle dmrt1 cdna (crdmrt1) that was 1,504 bp in length and encoded 371 amino acid residues. rt-pcr analysis in different tissues of adult male turtle showed that the crdmrt1 cdna fragment was only detected in the testis. the amino acid sequence derived from crdmrt1 demonstrated high homology to sequences from dmrt1 of pelodiscus sinensis (92% identities and 93% positives) and elaphe quadrivirgata (75% identities and 83% positives). the de ... | 2008 | 18685240 |
| thermal aspects of melanistic and striped morphs of the snake elaphe quadrivirgata. | temperature is a critical factor limiting various aspects of the biology of ectotherms. in addition to environmental factors, coloration and body size are two physical properties that influence ectotherms' body temperature (t(b)). i compared the influences of these properties on thermal aspects of the two morphs of the color-dimorphic snake (e. quadrivirgata) under experimental conditions. first, i fitted t(b) data during heating to the von bertalanffy equation, but considered parameter values o ... | 2005 | 16357466 |
| identification and characterization of a serum protein homologous to alpha-type phospholipase a2 inhibitor (plialpha) from a nonvenomous snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | from a liver cdna library prepared from a nonvenomous striated snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, we isolated a cdna encoding a novel protein, plialpha-like protein (plialpha-lp), having approximately 70% sequence identities with the alpha-type phospholipase a2 (pla2) inhibitors (plialpha(s)) previously purified from the venomous snakes agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus and trimeresurus flavoviridis. since the pli-lp with a highly conserved c-type lectin-like domain (ctld) would be predicted to functio ... | 2003 | 14658760 |
| identification of beta-type phospholipase a(2) inhibitor in a nonvenomous snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | a novel serum protein inhibiting specifically the enzymatic activity of the basic phospholipase a(2) (pla(2)) from the venom of the chinese mamushi snake (agkistrodon blomhoffii siniticus) was purified from a nonvenomous colubridae snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. the purified inhibitor was a 150-kda glycoprotein having a trimeric structure, composed of two homologous 50-kda subunits. their amino acid sequences, containing leucine-rich repeats, were typical of the beta-type pla(2) inhibitor (plibeta ... | 2002 | 12485610 |
| oral sensory papillae, chemo- and mechano-receptors, in the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. a light and electron microscopic study. | the oral sensory papillae of the snake (elaphe quadrivirgata), comprising a compound sensory system located along the tooth rows, were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry for neuron specific enolase and s 100 protein, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. each sensory papilla exhibited a single taste bud and free nerve endings in the epithelium, and meissner-like corpuscles, branched coiled terminals, and lamellated corpuscles in the connective tissue. the taste buds c ... | 2000 | 10770589 |
| fine structure of the parathyroid and ultimobranchial glands of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the ultrastructure of the parathyroid gland and ultimobranchial gland of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, was studied. the parenchyma of the parathyroid gland was consisted of chief cells arranged in cords. oxyphil cells and water-clear cells were not recognized. the chief cells contained irregular shaped nucleus, moderately-developed mitochondria, granular endoplasmic reticulum and golgi complexes. a few secretory granules of 100-300 nm in diameter distributed in the cytoplasm. small aggregatio ... | 1998 | 9798400 |
| a golgi study on the nucleus sphericus of the striated snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the intrinsic organization of the nucleus sphericus (ns) was studied in the striated snake using the rapid golgi method. the ns is a large aggregation of cells located in the posterior portion of the telencephalon and is, as a whole, cup-shaped with its hilus oriented in the rostral direction. from the periphery inward, the following three concentric layers were discernible: a marginal layer, mural layer and hilar layer. the marginal layer consists of scattered cells extending dendrites internal ... | 1995 | 7739844 |
| tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive neurons in the olfactory bulb of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, with special reference to the colocalization of tyrosine hydroxylase- and gaba-like immunoreactivities. | the distribution and structural features of tyrosine hydroxylase-like immunoreactive (th-li) neurons were studied in the olfactory bulb of a snake, elaphe quadrivirgata, by using pre- and post-embedding immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level. in contrast to rodent olfactory bulbs previously reported, many th-li neurons were seen not only in the main olfactory bulb (mob) but also in the accessory olfactory bulb (aob). with regard to the th-like immunoreactivity, there appeared no appr ... | 1991 | 1685128 |
| a golgi study on the accessory olfactory bulb in the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | the intrinsic organization of the accessory olfactory bulb (aob) in the snake was studied using the rapid golgi method. a distinct laminar organization was observed in the snake aob. beginning with the most superficial surface, the following layers were distinguished: the layer of the vomeronasal fibers, the olfactory glomeruli, the mitral cells, the deep fiber plexus, the granule cells and the ependymal cells. while the general organizational pattern of the snake aob resembles that of the main ... | 1989 | 2478939 |
| a golgi study on the main olfactory bulb in the snake elaphe quadrivirgata. | the intrinsic organization of the main olfactory bulb in the snake was studied using the rapid golgi method. a distinct laminar structure was recognized. from the periphery inward, the following layers were distinguished: the layer of the olfactory fibers, the olfactory glomeruli, the mitral cells, the deep fiber plexus, the granule cells and the ependymal cells. olfactory fibers derived from the nasal cavity reached the entire surface of the bulb, forming a dense fiber plexus, then swung deeply ... | 1989 | 2475837 |
| olfactory and respiratory epithelia in the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | | 1987 | 3438040 |
| chemoarchitectonics of the brainstem in infrared sensitive and nonsensitive snakes. | the crotaline snake agkistrodon possesses infrared receptors, whereas the colubrid elaphe quadrivirgata does not. we compared the histochemical activity of succinate dehydrogenase (sdh), monoamine oxidase (mao), and acetylcholinesterase (ache) in the brainstem of these 2 species, by the method of nachlas et al. (1957), glenner et al. (1957), and koelle and friedenwald (1949), respectively, and made the following observations. visual system: the tectum opticum (to) exhibited strong or moderate ac ... | 1987 | 2885370 |
| ultrastructural and histochemical studies on the taste buds in some reptiles. | the taste buds in tortoises (clemmys japonica and geoclemys reevesii), lizards (takydromus tachydromoides) and snakes (elaphe quadrivirgata) were examined by both ultrastructural and histochemical methods. the taste buds consisted of at least three types of cells: the type i, ii and iii cells. the type i cells were characterized by the presence of secretory dense granules containing polysaccharides which were demonstrated by periodic acid-chromic acid-silver methenamine technique. the type ii ce ... | 1980 | 6972201 |
| renin-like activity in the plasma and kidney of a snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. | | 1979 | 519804 |
| comparative light and electron microscopic study of the adrenal gland of the snake. | a new method employing both comparative light and electron microscopic observations on the study of identical cell elements was described. this method was characterized by the use of thick epon-embedded sections (0.3-1.5 micron thick) for both light and electron microscopy. the use of a high voltage electron microscope of 1,000 kv accelerating potential made this study possible. two types of chromaffin cells were distinguished in the adrenal gland of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata. adrenaline s ... | 1977 | 615567 |
| parathyroid gland of the snake elaphe quadrivirgata with special reference to parathyroidectomy. | | 1970 | 5478659 |
| an electron microscope study of the intestinal mucosa of the snake, elaphe quadrivirgata (boie). | | 1967 | 5626349 |
| [protein composition of the serum of elaphe quadrivirgata as disclosed by immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis]. | | 1965 | 4955917 |
| [histological studies on the thyroid gland of the snake elaphe quadrivirgata, with special reference to the appearance and the significance of the uhlenhuth colloid cells]. | | 1963 | 14044804 |
| [lymphatic vessels, lymphatic system and extravascular lymph tracts of the snake (elaphe quadrivirgata boie)]. | | 1959 | 14411283 |
| developmental mechanisms of longitudinal stripes in the japanese four-lined snake. | the developmental mechanisms of color patterns formation and its evolution remain unclear in reptilian sauropsids. we, therefore, studied the pigment cell mechanisms of stripe pattern formation during embryonic development of the snake elaphe quadrivirgata. we identified 10 post-ovipositional embryonic developmental stages based on external morphological characteristics. examination for the temporal changes in differentiation, distribution, and density of pigment cells during embryonic developme ... | 2018 | 28922458 |
| karyotype analysis of four blind snake species (reptilia: squamata: scolecophidia) and karyotypic changes in serpentes. | the suborder serpentes is divided into 2 infraorders, scolecophidia and alethinophidia, which diverged at an early stage of snake diversification. in this study, we examined karyotypes of 4 scolecophidian species (letheobia simonii, xerotyphlops vermicularis, indotyphlops braminus, and myriopholis macrorhyncha) and performed fish with 18s-28s rdna as well as microchromosomal and z chromosome-linked genes of elaphe quadrivirgata (alethinophidia) to investigate the karyotype evolution in the scole ... | 2019 | 30754040 |