| chromomycosis due to cladosporium carrionii treated with 5-fluorocytosine. a case report from northern nigeria. | | 1979 | 456034 |
| [miconazole per os in tinea and deep mycosis]. | for the last 6 years we have been using miconazole cream in the treatment of tinea and vaginal candidiasis. we think that it is at least as good as the best drugs for this purpose, but consider it difficult to decide about its superiority. therefore we refrain from describing this part of our experience in detail. we have employed miconazole "per os" at the daily doses of 24-28 mg./kg. in treating 3 cases of tinea corporis or cruris by "trichophyton rubrum". symptoms ceased in 3 days; mycologic ... | 1976 | 988459 |
| tropical mycoses. | the most common tropical subcutaneous and deep mycoses include chromomycosis, sporotrichosis and mycetoma. all are commonly found in natal and in other subtropical countries. although blastomycosis is endemic in north america, only 4 cases have been identified in natal during the last 25 years, and all presented with atypical clinical features. african histoplasmosis, caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii and limited mainly to central and western africa, has been found in only 1 patient ... | 1992 | 1319312 |
| [morphologic and physiologic characteristics of costa rica pathogenic fungi (dermatiaceae)]. | forty one strains of dematiaceous fungi from the mycology collection of the university of costa rica were studied. thirty three were pathogenic (fonsecaea pedrosoi, cladosporium carrionii, xylohypha bantiana, exophiala jeanselmei, rhinocladiella aquaspersa, phialophora verrucosa) and the other eight were contaminants (hormodendrum sp.). morphological studies were done using the slide culture technique. the physiological criteria used were: urease production, gelatin and loeffler media liquefacti ... | 1991 | 1844148 |
| virulence and pathogenicity of human and environmental isolates of cladosporium carrionii in new born ddy mice. | three strains of cladosporium carrionii, two human isolates and one from a xerophilous plant, were used to study the effect of culture conditions in 106 newborn ddy mice. growth in a complex medium (ypg) and a basal synthetic medium (bsm) was compared. filamentous forms developed during static incubation while conidia were readily formed with shaking. mice inoculated intraperitoneally were sacrificed and autopsied after 4 weeks. mortality was related only to sporulated exponential phase growing ... | 1991 | 1875986 |
| [cladosporium carrionii and phialophora verrucosa; induction of the parasitic form in culture]. | | 1990 | 2135559 |
| chromoblastomycosis. | chromoblastomycosis, together with phaeohyphomycosis and mycetoma, makes up the disease entities caused by the dematiaceous fungi. most cases of chromoblastomycosis are caused by five genera of fungi: fonsecaea compactum, fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladosporium carrionii, and rhino-cladiella aquaspersa. the disease has a cosmopolitan distribution but predominates in rural, agricultural settings. clinically, chromoblastomycosis is hallmarked by verrucous nodules at the site of fun ... | 1989 | 2670367 |
| [synthesis and antifungal activity of n-(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-n-methyl-alpha-substituted -1-(4-substi tuted) naphthalenemethanamines]. | thirty (e)- or (z)-n-(6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-ynyl)-n-methyl-alpha-subst itu ted-1-(4-substituted)naphthalenemethanamines were synthesized for searching of more potent and less toxic antimycotic agents. all title compounds and most of the intermediates are new. results of preliminary biological tests showed that most of the title compounds exhibited activity against the common pathogenic fungi such as cryptococcus neoformnas, candida albicans, aspergillus fumigatus, cladosporium carrionii, sporo ... | 1989 | 2700413 |
| physiological characteristics of environmental isolates of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. | a total of 39 environmental isolates of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi (fonsecaea pedrosoi: 14 isolates, phialophora verrucosa: 6, cladosporium carrionii: 9, exophiala jeanselmei: 2, ramichloridium subulatum: 6, cladosporium tenuissimum: 1 and phaeoisaria clematidis: 1) were evaluated for their various physiological characteristics including the ability to produce extracellular enzymes. significant physiological characteristics included the ability of isolates of all the species except c. tenuiss ... | 1989 | 2710157 |
| a clinical trial of itraconazole in the treatment of deep mycoses and leishmaniasis. | itraconazole was administered orally to two patients with sporotrichosis, 10 patients with paracoccidioidomycosis, three with mycetomas (due to madurella grisea, streptomyces madurae, and pseudochaetosphaeronema larense, respectively), nine with chromomycosis due to cladosporium carrionii, five with chromomycosis due to fonsecaea pedrosoi and five with leishmaniasis (including one with the nodular disseminated form). the clinical and laboratory tests showed excellent tolerance to the drug with a ... | 1987 | 3027848 |
| detection of circulating antibodies in patients affected by chromoblastomycosis by cladosporium carrionii using double immunodiffusion. | the antibodies in sera of patients affected by chromoblastomycosis are detected using the technique of double immunodiffusion and the mycelial somatic antigens and the culture filtrates antigens of cladosporium carrionii. from the 13 sera tested 8 have given positive results. the fresh serum from a patient under treatment gives 2 bands, while fresh serum from a non-treated patient gives 3 bands. the titre of antibodies was also determined for the two fresh sera, having found 1/4 for the patient ... | 1988 | 3138541 |
| chromoblastomycosis in a residual patch of leprosy. | a middle aged male who had adequate dapsone monotherapy for borderline tuberculoid leprosy developed chromoblastomycosis within the residual analgesic patch during the post-treatment follow up period. cladosporium carrionii, the causative fungus was isolated from culture in sabouraud's agar. there was prompt therapeutic response to oral ketoconazole. the possible factors for development of chromoblastomycosis in this patient are discussed. | 1988 | 3198964 |
| [rapid and simple technic for the isolation of cladosporium carrionii in samples of xerophilic vegetation]. | | 1986 | 3329435 |
| detection of antibodies in the sera of patients with chromoblastomycosis by counter immunoelectrophoresis. i. preliminary results. | counter immunoelectrophoresis with culture filtrate antigens of cladosporium carrionii revealed a single precipitin band in sera from 13 of 15 patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by c. carrionii. | 1988 | 3379541 |
| in vitro sensitivity of environmental isolates of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi to azole compounds and a phenylpropyl-morpholine derivative. | the in vitro sensitivity (minimum inhibitory concentrations; mics) of 42 environmental isolates of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi to 7 azole compounds, viz. thiabendazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, econazole bifonazole, bay n 7133, bay 1 9139 and phenylpropyl-morpholine derivative, ro14-4767/002 was studied by an agar dilution method using emmon's sabouraud dextrose agar (esda) as the culture medium. the isolates of fonsecaea pedrosoi, cladosporium carrionii, exophiala jeanselmei and ramichloridi ... | 1987 | 3657909 |
| studies on pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. 1. isolation from natural sources. | two hundred and twenty-six samples of woody materials, vegetable matter and soil were processed by the direct plating and mouse inoculation technique for the isolation of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. the species of fungi isolated were fonsecaea pedrosoi - 13, cladosporium carrionii - 7 and phialophora verrucosa -4 isolates. the mouse inoculation technique was found to be much better than direct plating for the recovery of these fungi. woody plant materials proved to be a good sample source for ... | 1986 | 3724831 |
| granulomatous reactions induced by lipids extracted from fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compactum, cladosporium carrionii and phialophora verrucosum. | granulomatous reactions induced by lipid extracts from the dermatophyte fungi fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compactum, cladosporium carrionii and phialophora verrucosum, the causal organisms of chromoblastomycosis, were studied. charcoal particles coated with the lipid extracts were prepared and injected intravenously into mice. inflammation was characterized by an intense mononuclear cell infiltrate that lodged in the lung from 4 to 8 d after inoculation. | 1985 | 3989508 |
| septal ultrastructure in phialophora pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa and cladosporium carrionii. | | 1973 | 4127193 |
| a serological comparison of phialophora verrucosa, fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladosporium carrionii using immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. | | 1970 | 4993154 |
| cladosporium carrionii trejos 1954 infection of human nail. | | 1984 | 6237258 |
| antigenic relationships among cladosporium species of medical importance. | we analyzed the exoantigens of 54 isolates belonging to the pathogenic cladosporium species. cladophialophora ajelloi was found to be antigenically identical to cladosporium carrionii. all human and cat isolates of c. bantianum and c. trichoides were found to share the same antigens. although cross-reactions were observed among the four species of cladosporium: c. carrionii, c. bantianum, c. herbarum, and c. cladosporioides they were identified and differentiated specifically with four monospeci ... | 1984 | 6438814 |
| the relationship of cladosporium carrionii to cladophialophora ajelloi. | twelve of 21 isolates of cladosporium carrionii, when grown on nutritionally deficient media such as lactrimel agar, hay infusion agar, diluted corn meal dextrose agar, and water agar, produced urniform phialides and phialoconidia identical with those produced by two isolates of cladophialophora ajelloi. all isolates of c. carrionii and cph. ajelloi hydrolyzed urea in 7 days, but failed to liquefy gelatin. the decomposition of casein, xanthine, hypoxanthine, and tyrosine was found to be of no di ... | 1984 | 6540481 |
| bronchitis caused by the fungus cladosporium carrionii usually considered apathogenic, possibly by an allergenic mechanism. | | 1983 | 6656842 |
| auricular chromomycosis. | chromomycosis, a relatively uncommon infection caused by a variety of dematiaceous fungi, eg, phialophora verrucosa, fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compacta, cladosporium carrionii, rhinocladiella aquaspersa, and cladophialophora ajelloi, reflects a spectrum of disease ranging from an usually localized cutaneous form to rare visceral involvement. the cutaneous form has been reported to involve almost any site on the body surface. however, the lesions are usually confined to the extremities, face, ... | 1983 | 6849572 |
| deep mycoses in west africa: a report of 13 cases and review of the nigerian literature. | thirteen cases of deep mycoses were found among 12,506 new patients attending two university clinics in northern nigeria. patients with chromoblastomycosis due to cladosporium carrionii, paracoccidioidomycosis, rhinophycomycosis, and sporotrichosis appear to be the first cases of these conditions recognized in the savanna region of west africa. the literature on systemic mycoses in nigeria is reviewed and a need for a greater awareness of the problem is stressed. | 1981 | 7009881 |
| a samoan case of chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora ajelloi. | a case of chromoblastomycosis from american samoa was studied. histopathological examination of the biopsy material from the lesion revealed the presence of thick-walled, dematiaceous, muriform cells characteristic of chromoblastomycosis. detailed mycological study of the dematiaceous mould isolated from the biopsy material disclosed that the fungus not only produced long, branched chains of holoblastic conidia similar to those of cladosporium carrionii, but that many of the terminal and interca ... | 1982 | 7064044 |
| evaluation of skin test for chromoblastomycosis using antigens prepared from culture filtrates of fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, wangiella dermatitidis and exophiala jeanselmei. | antigenic substances were prepared from culture filtrates of fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, wangiella dermatitidis and exophiala jeanselmei. these antigenic substances were evaluated for detecting cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity in rats experimentally-infected with f. pedrosoi, p. verrucosa. w. dermatitidis, e. jeanselmei, cladosporium carrionii and fonsecaea compactum and in patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by f. pedrosoi. the f. pedrosoi antigen elicited positive reactio ... | 1982 | 7070478 |
| successful treatment of chromoblastomycosis with itraconazole. | an unusual severe case of chromoblastomycosis due to cladosporium carrionii unresponsive to 5-fc and some azoles is reported. with oral itraconazole at a dosage of 100 mg d(-1) for 15 months (total dose 45.5 g) the patient had a complete clinical and mycological recovery without any side-effects. | 1995 | 7637686 |
| molecular epidemiology of cladosporium carrionii. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) diversity was investigated in 38 isolants of cladosporium carrionii in africa (3 isolants), australia (10), china (15) and venezuela (10). c. carrionii was classified into 4 mtdna types (type i to type iv) based on the restriction patterns with mspi, sau3ai and haeiii. all the 15 strains in china and 9 of 10 strains in venezuela showed type i, while all the 10 strains in australia showed type ii. these results suggested a correlation between the mtdna types and geograph ... | 1993 | 7912817 |
| [gum-like exudate from laguncularia racemosa (white mangrove) as culture media for fungi]. | morphological studies of eight species of fungus: aspergillus flavus microsporum canis, epidermophyton floccosum, curvularia lunata, cladosporium carrionii, natrassia mangífera (edo. scytalidium), sporotrix schenckii y rhizophus oligosporus, which belong to families mucedinaceae, dematiaceae and mucoraceae have been carried out in support medium based in gum exudate from laguncularia racemosa (mangle blanco). this native polimer contains galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, uronic acid and proteins. ... | 1993 | 8123711 |
| calcium regulates in vitro dimorphism in chromoblastomycotic fungi. | cladosporium carrionii, fonsecaea pedrosoi and phialophora verrucosa, the three most important agents of chromoblastomycosis, produced large numbers of sclerotic bodies at 25 degrees c, and greater numbers at 37 degrees c, after inoculation into a defined ph 2.5 medium containing 0.1 mmol l-1 ca2+. higher concentrations of ca2+ reversed this tendency and promoted maintenance of hyphal growth. addition of the ca2+ chelator egta to the same medium buffered at ph 6.5 also induced sclerotic bodies, ... | 1993 | 8264711 |
| mitochondrial dna analysis of exophiala spinifera. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was examined in 36 isolates of exophiala spinifera (8 isolates from brazil, 9 from china, 15 from columbia, 1 from the united states and 2 from venezuela). e. spinifera isolates displayed a high degree of mtdna diversity in rflp patterns and were clustered into six genetically heterogeneous groups (group 1 through group 6). isolates of group 2 including the type strain seemed to have a worldwide distribution. rflp patte ... | 1995 | 8532056 |
| nutritional physiology and taxonomy of human-pathogenic cladosporium-xylohypha species. | physiological profiles of type, authentic and some additional isolates of cladosporium-xylohypha species of purported herpotrichiellaceous relationship are established. this group comprises melanized catenate hyphomycetes which are prevalently found on the human host. the species are excluded from the genus cladosporium and are classified in the genus cladophialophora. taeniolella boppii is also transferred to this genus. cladosporium bantianum (= xylohypha emmonsii) and c. trichoides are consid ... | 1995 | 8544087 |
| cladosporium carrionii and hormoconis resinae (c. resinae): cell wall and melanin studies. | two phaeoid strains of the fungus cladosporium carrionii (sr3 from a xerophyte species and pp8201 from a patient), and one strain of hormoconis resinae (cladosporium resinae), isolated from oil-impregnated soil, were analyzed for their cell wall composition by colorimetric methods, x-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and solid-state 13c-nuclear magnetic resonance. results suggested that the cell walls were composed mainly of hexoses (34%-47%) as beta-1,3-glucan (some galactose and mannose ... | 1996 | 8555941 |
| [histopathology and ultrastructure of chromomycosis caused by cladosporium carrionii]. | light and electron microscopic study of chromomycosis caused by c. carrionii was undertaken. biopsies from 10 patients were taken and processed by means of conventional histopathologic techniques of hematoxylin and eosine and by transmission electron microscopy. granulomatous and suppurative components of the infection process were observed by the histological procedure, other cellular elements such as lymphocytes, plasma cells, eosinophils and langerhans cells were present. the fungus was obser ... | 1995 | 8589081 |
| treatment of chromomycosis with terbinafine: preliminary results of an open pilot study. | in an open trial, long courses (6-12 months) of terbinafine at a dosage of 500 mg/day were administered orally to 43 patients with a diagnosis of chromomycosis. sixteen patients (37.2%) had previously relapsed after one or two courses of thiabendazole. a spectacular improvement in the lesions, including disappearance of bacterial superinfections and of associated oedema and elephantiasis, was observed as soon as 2-4 months after the beginning of treatment. the mean number of fungal cells in skin ... | 1996 | 8763467 |
| chromoblastomycosis in india. | chromoblastomycosis is reported for the first time from the states of jammu-kashmir and bihar along with two additional cases from the states of assam and uttar pradesh. the work carried cut on this disease in the indian subcontinent is reviewed. | 1997 | 9071611 |
| mitochondrial dna analysis of phialophora verrucosa. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) was examined in 32 isolates of phialophora verrucosa (eight isolates from japan, 10 from china, four from the usa, six from venezuela and four from colombia) and in three of phialophora americana using five restriction enzymes. p. verrucosa isolates were divided into 10 mtdna types based on rflp patterns. phylogeny constructed on sequence divergence of mtdna indicated that p. verrucosa is a single species and isolates a ... | 1997 | 9470416 |
| [natural history of chromoblastomycosis in madagascar and the indian ocean] [natural history of chromoblastomycosis in madagascar and the [natural history of chromoblastomycosis in madagascar and the indian ocean]. | the natural history of chromoblastomycosis was studied in madagascar by analysing the characteristics of 1323 confirmed cases observed since 1955, including 45 patients receiving a new antifungic drug (terbinafine) during a multicentric study organized in 1995. the surveys data, conserved by the histopathology laboratory in the institut pasteur of madagascar during 40 years, permit this retrospective analysis. the description of two ecosystems, one in the north with fonsecaea pedrosoi evolving i ... | 1997 | 9507759 |
| in vitro activity of syn-2869, a novel triazole agent, against emerging and less common mold pathogens. | the in vitro activity of syn-2869 was compared with that of amphotericin b and itraconazole. mics for 100 isolates of pathogenic molds belonging to 12 species were determined by a broth microdilution adaptation of the method recommended by the national committee for clinical laboratory standards. syn-2869 and itraconazole showed comparable, good activity against the dematiaceous molds cladophialophora bantiana, cladophialophora carrionii, exophiala dermatitidis, fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora p ... | 1999 | 10223947 |
| deep fungal and higher bacterial skin infections in thailand: clinical manifestations and treatment regimens. | deep fungal and higher bacterial skin infections occur fairly frequently in thailand. | 1999 | 10321944 |
| partial chemical characterization of antigenic preparations of chromoblastomycosis agents. | antigenic preparations (saline, methylic, metabolic and exoantigens) of four agents of chromoblastomycosis, fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladophialophora (cladosporium) carrionii and rhinocladiella aquaspersa were obtained. partial chemical characterization of these antigenic preparations was obtained by determination of the levels of total lipids, protein, and carbohydrates, and identification of the main sterols and carbohydrates. methylic antigens presented the highest lipid con ... | 1999 | 10671287 |
| dematiaceous fungal pathogens: analysis of ribosomal dna gene polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflp) of ribosomal gene small subunit (ssu rdna) and internal transcribed spacer (its) regions was examined in 12 isolates of dematiaceous agents of chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. the amplicon length of the fragment its1-its4, comprising the 5.8 rdna and its1-its2 spacers, ranged in size from 620 to 690 bp. this result indicated a polymorphism of size in this region. additionally the rflp profiles showed a high degree of inter- and intra-spe ... | 1999 | 10680436 |
| humoral immune response in chromoblastomycosis during and after therapy. | a longitudinal study was carried out in madagascar, the most important focus of chromoblastomycosis (p. esterre, a. andriantsimahavandy, e. ramarcel, and j. l. pecarrere, am. j. trop. med. hyg. 55:45-47, 1996), to investigate natural immunity to this disease. sequential blood samples were obtained before, during, and at the end of a successful therapeutic trial with terbinafine, a new antifungal drug. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblot methods, detailed analyses of antibody c ... | 2000 | 10799467 |
| black fungi: clinical and pathogenic approaches. | data are presented on the clinically relevant black yeasts and their relatives, i.e., members of the ascomycete order chaetothyriales. in order to understand the pathology of these fungi it is essential to know their natural ecological niche. from a relatively low degree of molecular variability of the black yeast exophiala dermatitidis, potential agent of brain infections in patients from east asia, it is concluded that this species is an emerging pathogen, currently going through a process of ... | 2000 | 11204152 |
| [synthesis and antifungal activity of 1-(1h-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-substituted-2-propanols]. | twenty-three 1-(1h-1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-3-substituted-2-propanols were synthesized and evaluated for antifungal activities in vitro. the synthetic methods of the intermediates are also reported. the compounds belong to two kinds: sulfones and sulfides. all of the compounds are new. the results of preliminary antifungal test showed that most of the sulfide derivatives exhibited potent activities against six kinds of common pathogenic fungi such as microsporum lanosum, crypt ... | 1997 | 11596195 |
| specific oligonucleotide primers for identification of hortaea werneckii, a causative agent of tinea nigra. | hortaea werneckii, a black yeast-like hyphomycete that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical environments, can cause superficial mycotic infection in humans. this fungus was recently isolated from superficial infectious lesions of a guinea pig in japan. an oligonucleotide primer set specific for hortaea werneckii was designed on the basis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of the ribosomal dna (rdna). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with this primer set yielded a 306 bp pcr a ... | 2003 | 12812723 |
| the natural habitat of cladosporium carrionii, a cause of chromoblastomycosis in man. | | 1957 | 13471430 |
| application of fluorescent-antibody procedures to the study of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. | al-doory, yousef (division of laboratories and research, new york state department of health, albany) and morris a. gordon. application of fluorescent-antibody procedures to the study of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi. i. differentiation of cladosporium carrionii and cladosporium bantianum. j. bacteriol. 86:332-338. 1963.-the well-known polymorphism and confusing similarity of cultures of pathogenic dematiaceous molds and other so-called "black yeasts" make individual species difficult to identif ... | 1963 | 14058961 |
| specific oligonucleotide primers for identification of cladophialophora carrionii, a causative agent of chromoblastomycosis. | cladophialophora carrionii is one of the relatively common causative agents of chromoblastomycosis. we have developed the specific oligonucleotide primer set based on the internal transcribed spacer regions of ribosomal dna for the rapid identification of this pathogen. pcr with this primer set amplified a 362-bp amplicon from c. carrionii strains. from other relevant dematiaceous species, including medically important dematiaceous fungi, such as fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, and ex ... | 2004 | 14715791 |
| ajoene and 5-fluorouracil in the topical treatment of cladophialophora carrionii chromoblastomycosis in humans: a comparative open study. | ajoene and 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) are compounds that have shown in-vitro activity against cladophialophora carrionii, an important etiologic agent of chromoblastomycosis. an open comparative trial was conducted to assess safety and effectiveness of topical ajoene and 5-fu in the treatment of localized chromoblastomycosis. thirty-seven patients with a clinically and mycologically confirmed diagnosis were randomly distributed into two groups allocated to ajoene (0.5% gel; n = 19) or 5-fu (1% cream; ... | 2003 | 14725326 |
| identification of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi and related taxa based on large subunit ribosomal dna d1/d2 domain sequence analysis. | the nucleotide sequences of the d1/d2 domains of large subunit (26s) ribosomal dna for 76 strains of 46 species of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi and related taxa were determined. intra-species sequence diversity of medically important dematiaceous fungi including phialophora verrucosa, fonsecaea pedrosoi, fonsecaea compacta, cladophialophora carrionii, cladophialophora bantiana, exophiala dermatitidis, exophiala jeanselmei, exophiala spinifera, exophiala moniliae, and hortaea werneckii were extr ... | 2004 | 14734185 |
| a case of chromoblastomycosis with an unusual clinical manifestation caused by phialophora verrucosa on an unexposed area: treatment with a combination of amphotericin b and 5-flucytosine. | chromoblastomycosis is a cutaneous and subcutaneous mycotic disease caused by the dematiaceous (black) fungi. five species of fungi are known generally to be the cause: fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladosporium carrionii, f. compacta and rhinocladiella cerphilum. in infected tissue they can appear as pigmented sclerotic bodies, commonly called 'copper pennies', which are pathognomonic of chromoblastomycosis. the infection usually occurs through traumatic skin inoculation, with the ... | 2005 | 15787829 |
| [an elisa test for the study of the therapeutic evolution of chromoblastomycosis by cladophialophora carrionii in the endemic area of falcon state, venezuela]. | the purpose of this research was to evaluate an elisa indirect method in patients with chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii. samples collected before, during and postreatment with ajoene or itraconazole, and those from apparently healthy people from the endemic area were evaluated with the elisa test. 94 individuals were studied, 10 with chromoblastomycosis, and 84 apparently healthy subjects. all of them were evaluated by clinical-dermatological examinations. on those with l ... | 2005 | 15813682 |
| [the goat: approach to an animal model in human chromomycosis]. | in falcon state, venezuela, human chromomycosis is mainly caused by a dimorphic fungus, cladophialophora carrionii. xerophytes plants are common in the state and goat breeding in an extensive system as the main way of living. there are not published reports of chromomycosis in goats, despite the fact of their permanent exposition to fungus by accidental inoculation with infected spines. to evaluate parasitic transformation to sclerotic cells, length of fungus-surviving period and histopathologic ... | 2005 | 16001745 |
| in vitro activities of new and established triazoles against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi. | the in vitro activities of three new triazoles were determined and compared to those of itraconazole and fluconazole against 306 clinical isolates of blastomyces dermatitidis, cladophialophora carrionii, coccidioides immitis, fonsecaea pedrosoi, fusarium spp., histoplasma capsulatum, paecilomyces lilacinus, pseudallescheria boydii and sporothrix schenckii. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) were determined by a broth macrodilution method of the national committee for clinical laboratory sta ... | 2005 | 16010855 |
| treatment of chromoblastomycosis with terbinafine: a report of four cases. | this report is about four cases of chromoblastomycosis confirmed by direct examination, histopathology and cultures. the duration of disease infection varied from 5 to 12 years. by culture, cladosporium carrionii was isolated in two cases and fonsecaea pedrosoi in the other two cases. terbinafine 0.25 g twice daily for 1 month and 0.25 g once daily for maintenance therapy were given to three patients. terbinafine 0.25 g once daily was given to one patient. after 4-8 months of therapy, all cases ... | 2005 | 16019628 |
| chromoblastomycosis in children and adolescents in the endemic area of the falcón state, venezuela. | the present paper describes 22 cases of chromoblastomycosis (cbm) caused by cladophialophora carrionii in children and adolescents (2-19 years old). the patients were seen between 1992 and 2004 and all resided in a cbm endemic area in the semi-arid zone of the falcón state, venezuela. twelve of the 22 patients (54.55%) had close relatives who also had cbm and 19 (86.36%) were male. lesions consisted of erythematous papules with desquamation or squamous plaques (0.12-14.19 cm in diameter), locate ... | 2006 | 16882614 |
| human leukocyte antigen class i and mica haplotypes in a multicase family with cladophialophora carrionii chromoblastomycosis. | previous studies carried out in an endemic semiarid region northwest of venezuela at falcon state have shown a prevalence of 15.4/1000 of chromoblastomycosis following traumatisms with xenophile vegetation infected with cladophialophora carrionii. we performed high-resolution dna typing of human leukocyte antigen (hla)-a, -b and -c and major histocompatibility complex class i chain related gene a (mica) alleles and segregation analysis in 49 members of one extended family with 12 affected indivi ... | 2006 | 17026462 |
| chromoblastomycosis. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycotic infection caused by pigmented or dematiaceous saprophytic moulds ubiquitous in the environment. the most common etiologic agents are fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii, both of which can be isolated from plant debris. the infection usually follows traumatic inoculation through penetrating thorn or splinter wounds. the fungal agents develop as small clusters of cells known as muriform bodies. several months after the injury, pai ... | 2007 | 17350498 |
| [antifungal activity of the novel adduct, gx-95, of silver with nanometer-scale particles to peptidic hydrolysates from collagen]. | silver has long been known to have an antimicrobial activity against bacteria and other microorganisms, and has been used as eating utensils, as dental fillings and so on. we developed a novel adduct, gx-95, of silver with nanometer-scale particles to peptidic hydrolysates from collagen. antifungal activity of the adduct against pathogenic yeasts and filamentous fungi was examined in terms of minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics). gx-95 was found to possess strong and broad antifungal activit ... | 2007 | 17502845 |
| diversity of microflora in the gut and casts of tropical composting earthworms reared on different substrates. | the diversity of fungi, bacteria, yeast, actinomycetes and protozoa were analysed in the gut and casts of eudrilus eugeniae, lampito mauritii, eisenia fetida and perionyx excavatus, both qualitatively and quantitatively as influenced by different feed substrates like clay loam soil, cowdung and pressmud. while actinomycetes (streptomyces albus, s. somaliensis, nocardia asteroides, n. caviae and saccharomonosporia) were not digested by any of these species of worms, protozoa (amoeba proteus, a. t ... | 2007 | 17717992 |
| molecular analysis and pathogenicity of the cladophialophora carrionii complex, with the description of a novel species. | cladophialophora carrionii is one of the four major etiologic agents of human chromoblastomycosis in semi-arid climates. this species was studied using sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer region of rdna, the partial beta-tubulin gene and an intron in the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene, in addition to morphology. with all genes a clear bipartition was observed, which corresponded with minute differences in conidiophore morphology. a new species, c. yegresii, was introduce ... | 2007 | 18491001 |
| in vitro interaction of terbinafine with itraconazole and amphotericin b against fungi causing chromoblastomycosis in china. | the combined effects of terbinafine with itraconazole and amphotericin b against cladophialophora carrionii, phialophora verrucosa and fonsecaea pedrosoi were evaluated in vitro by the checker-board method and expressed as a fractional inhibitory concentration (fic) index. synergy was observed with the combination of terbinafine and itraconazole against one isolate of c. carrionii and no antagonism was observed. when amphotericin b was combined with terbinafine or itraconazole, no synergy or ant ... | 2008 | 18608889 |
| secretion of five extracellular enzymes by strains of chromoblastomycosis agents. | the gelatinase, urease, lipase, phospholipase and dnase activities of 11 chromoblastomycosis agents constituted by strains of fonsecaea pedrosoi, f. compacta, phialophora verrucosa, cladosporium carrionii, cladophialophora bantiana and exophiala jeanselmei were analyzed and compared. all strains presented urease, gelatinase and lipase activity. phospholipase activity was detected only on five of six strains of f. pedrosoi. dnase activity was not detected on the strains studied. our results indic ... | 2008 | 18949343 |
| cladophialophora carrionii: a rare agent of chromoblastomycosis in rio de janeiro state, brazil. | a 73 year-old male farm laborer from a rural area presented a 15 year history of extensive tumoral lesions over his left leg. histological studies of skin biopsy showed pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia and granulomatous chronic inflammatory process with muriform cells, confirming chromoblastomycosis (cbm). cladophialophora carrionii was isolated in culture. treatment with itraconazole 400 mg/day for 12 months resulted in complete remission of lesions. as far we aware, this is the first case rep ... | 2008 | 19082378 |
| chromoblastomycosis: an overview of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment. | chromoblastomycosis is one of the most frequent infections caused by melanized fungi. it is a subcutaneous fungal infection, usually an occupational related disease, mainly affecting individuals in tropical and temperate regions. although several species are etiologic agents, fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii are prevalent in the endemic areas. chromoblastomycosis lesions are polymorphic and must be differentiated from those associated with many clinical conditions. diagnosis is ... | 2009 | 19085206 |
| lipolytic activity of chromoblastomycosis agents measured by infrared spectroscopy and chemometric methods. | the lipase activity of nine strains of six chromoblastomycosis agents (fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladophialophora bantianum, cladophialophora carrionii, rhinocladiela aquaspersa and exophiala jeanselmei) grown on solid medium was investigated using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and hierarchical clustering analysis. the data was quantified by p-nitrophenyl palmitate assay using partial least squares (pls) regression. these methods allowed the correlation of six genera a ... | 2009 | 19101839 |
| in vitro activity of antifungal drugs against cladophialophora species associated with human chromoblastomycosis. | the antifungal activity of six drugs was evaluated against 41 clinical and environmental isolates of cladophialophora carrionii and its sister species c. yegresii. drugs tested, including their ranges, were: 16-0.016 microg/ml for amphotericin b (amb), itraconazole (itz) and voriconazole (vcz), 8-0.008 microg/ml for terbinafine (tbf), and 64-0.063 microg/ml for flucytosin (5-fc) and fluconazole (fcz). strains were tested according to the clsi guidelines (m38a). the mic gmeans for clinical strain ... | 2009 | 19115138 |
| chromoblastomycosis: clinical presentation and management. | chromoblastomycosis is an important subcutaneous mycotic infection that is endemic worldwide but more common in the tropics. it is caused by the traumatic inoculation of the skin with pigmented saprophytic moulds, and the principal infective species are fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii. although chromoblastomycosis is not known to be fatal, it is characteristically chronic, and can be complicated by lymphatic damage and neoplastic transformation. it is one of the more difficult- ... | 2009 | 19575735 |
| subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis in immunocompetent patients: two new cases caused by exophiala jeanselmei and cladophialophora carrionii. | phaeohyphomycosis is a distinct mycotic infection of the skin or internal organs caused by darkly pigmented (dematiaceous) fungi, which are widely distributed in the environment. phaeohyphomycosis is most frequently an opportunistic infection in immunosuppressed patients (hiv, corticotherapy, transplant patients) or is frequently associated with chronic diseases and diabetes. the spectrum of the disease is broad and includes superficial infections, onychomycosis, subcutaneous infections, keratit ... | 2011 | 19811614 |
| unusual presentation of chromoblastomycosis due to cladophialophora carrionii in a renal and pancreas transplant recipient patient successfully treated with posaconazole and surgical excision. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic, tropical and subtropical, subcutaneous mycosis caused by inoculation of dematiaceous molds. this disease is uncommonly reported in patients who have undergone solid organ transplantation. we describe a case of chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii that occurred 7 years after transplantation in a 58-year-old male renal and pancreatic transplant recipient. diagnosis was based on histopathology and isolation of multiple colonies of the dematiaceo ... | 2010 | 20002358 |
| cladophialophora carrionii: an aetiological agent of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis from a non-endemic area, north india. | summary we present a case of infection due to cladophialophora carrionii, an agent of chromoblastomycosis in a 37-year-old indian male. the patient developed a nodule as the lateral malleolus of his left leg. the lesion was successfully treated with surgical excision. histopathologically, pigmented organisms were readily identified in tissue sections, and the cultural characteristics were these of cladophialophora carrionii. | 2009 | 20028462 |
| chromoblastomycosis in sub-tropical regions of india. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection caused by several pigmented fungi commonly seen in tropical and sub-tropical climate. we report here two cases of chromoblastomycosis from the tea gardens of assam, a state in the north-eastern region of india having a subtropical climate. of the two patients, one presented with extensive lesions covering a large area of the body and gave a past history of thorn prick in his right foot. the laboratory diagnosis was done by direct microscopy and c ... | 2010 | 20094803 |
| chromoblastomycosis caused by phialophora richardsiae. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by a group of dematiaceous (black) fungi. the most common etiologic agents are fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii, both of which can be isolated from plant debris. the infection usually follows traumatic inoculation by a penetrating thorn or splinter wound. several months after the injury, painless papules or nodules appear on the affected area; these papules then progress to scaly and verr ... | 2010 | 20711281 |
| comparative analysis of extracellular matrix and cellular carbohydrate expression in the sporotrichosis and chromoblastomycosis. | this work was based on the analysis of digital images of histochemical profile from subcutaneous lesions in sporotrichosis (st) and chromoblastomycosis (cm) patients. an additional aim was the detection of carbohydrate expression using lectin histochemical analysis of the different carbohydrates in the fungal cell wall from four different species (sporothrix schenckii, fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, and cladophialophora carrionii) associated with diseases mentioned earlier. slides fr ... | 2011 | 21365320 |
| corneal chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii after cataract surgery. | we describe a case of corneal chromoblastomycosis with cladophialophora carrionii in a 69-year-old woman 4 weeks after clear corneal cataract surgery. the patient presented with right eye pain and decreased visual acuity of 20/100. examination showed a deep posterior stromal keratitis accompanied by a dense fibrinous anterior chamber reaction. an aqueous tap was performed, and the patient was treated with topical, systemic, and intracameral antifungal and antibiotic agents. the infection was res ... | 2011 | 21511160 |
| chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii in a child from india. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. it usually occurs following trauma with vegetative matter and mainly affects middle-aged male agricultural workers. only a few cases have been reported in children. the lesions commonly involve the lower limbs, while the upper limbs and face are only rarely affected. we report a case of cutaneous chromoblastomycosis of the left arm, caused by cladophialophora carrionii, in a 9-year-old boy from india, who was ... | 2011 | 21795827 |
| chromoblastomycosis: a clinical and molecular study of 18 cases in rio de janeiro, brazil. | background chromoblastomycosis (cbm) is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis caused by dematiaceous fungi. methods we described epidemiological data, clinical presentation, and treatment of 18 cases of cbm diagnosed in rio de janeiro, brazil. diagnosis was obtained by mycological, histopathological findings demonstrating typical muriform cells with confirmation of isolated by dna sequencing of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer. results the majority of patients were male (72.2%) ranging from ... | 2011 | 21781072 |
| chromoblastomycosis due to cladosporium carrionii. | an 81-year-old male presented with irregular verrucous growth of 6 years duration over the right leg. koh preparation of the scrapings and histopathology of the lesion showed "sclerotic" bodies diagnostic of chromoblastomycosis. culture on sabouraud's dextrose agar yielded cladosporium carrionii. | 2010 | 21814409 |
| histopathology and antifungal treatment of experimental murine chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii. | objectives: a murine model of chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii was used to compare the efficacy of posaconazole and voriconazole with that of terbinafine and itraconazole, the currently used drugs in the management of chromoblastomycosis. methods: athymic nude mice were infected with 2 × 10(7) cfu of a clinical isolate of c. carrionii. when typical lesions were established, treatments with posaconazole at 20 mg/kg/day, voriconazole at 20 mg/kg/day, itraconazole at 50 mg/k ... | 2011 | 22190608 |
| chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii in a skin graft recipient. | | 2016 | 27843190 |
| first case of chromoblastomycosis due to phoma insulana. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic infection, caused by pigmented fungi affecting skin and subcutaneous tissues characterized by verrucous nodules or plaques. fonsecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii are the prevalent agents in the endemic areas. phoma is an uncommon agent of human infection and involved mainly with phaeohyphomycosis cases. the case of a patient with a history of laceration in foot followed by verrucous aspect and scaly lesions, which had evolved for 27 years is presented ... | 2016 | 27726899 |
| a clinico-mycological study on suspected cases of chromoblastomycosis: challenges in diagnosis and management. | verrucous plaques mimicking chromoblastomycosis are frequently seen in dermatology outpatient departments (opd). however, no scientific evaluation has been carried out till date from eastern india. so this present endeavour is aimed at a thorough study of those cases to readdress the challenges in diagnosis and management in chromoblastomycosis from this part of the country. | 2015 | 26816977 |
| global spread of human chromoblastomycosis is driven by recombinant cladophialophora carrionii and predominantly clonal fonsecaea species. | global distribution patterns of cladophialophora carrionii, agent of human chromoblastomycosis in arid climates of africa, asia, australia, central-and south-america, were compared with similar data of the vicarious fonsecaea spp., agents of the disease in tropical rain forests. population diversities among 73 c. carrionii strains and 60 strains of three fonsecaea species were analyzed for rdna its, partial β-tubulin, and amplified fragment-length polymorphism (aflp) fingerprints. populations di ... | 2015 | 26496430 |
| south african report of first case of chromoblastomycosis caused by cladosporium (syn cladophialophora) carrionii infection in a cat with feline immunodeficiency virus and lymphosarcoma. | this report describes a 6-year-old neutered male feline immunodeficiency-positive cat with repeated abdominal and thoracic effusions. the cat was diagnosed with and treated for lymphosarcoma but remission was short-lived and, on re-evaluation, a fungal peritoneal exudate was noted. cytology of the organisms is described and the culture elucidated cladosporium carrionii, an important cause of chromoblastomycosis. treatment with itraconazole was unsuccessful in this case. | 2015 | 25425600 |
| chromoblastomycosis. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue. the infection usually results from a traumatic injury and inoculation of microorganism from a specific group of dematiaceous fungi (usually fonsecaea pedrosoi, phialophora verrucosa, cladophialophora carrionii). in the tissues fungi produce characteristic sclerotic cells or muriform cells. dermal lesions can range from small nodules to large papillary-like eruptions. the disease has been described worldwide bu ... | 2014 | 25395928 |
| chromoblastomycosis by cladophialophora carrionii associated with squamous cell carcinoma and review of published reports. | chromoblastomycosis is a subcutaneous, chronic, granulomatous mycosis that occurs more frequently in tropical and subtropical countries. we describe a case of a 63-year-old male patient with diagnosis of chromoblastomycosis by cladophialophora carrionii with an 18-year evolution who developed a lethal squamous cell carcinoma. | 2015 | 25344197 |
| three isothermal amplification techniques for rapid identification of cladophialophora carrionii, an agent of human chromoblastomycosis. | in this study, we developed rapid and sensitive assays for the detection of cladophialophora carrionii, a common agent of human chromoblastomycosis. the isothermal techniques evaluated were rolling-circle amplification (rca), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp). the probes for rca and mlpa were designed with target sequences in the rdna internal transcribed spacer gene (its) region, and lamp primers were designed using the el ... | 2014 | 25009046 |
| in vitro susceptibility of chromoblastomycosis agents to five antifungal drugs and to the combination of terbinafine and amphotericin b. | chromoblastomycosis is a chronic mycosis that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissues caused by several genera of dematiaceous fungi. there is not a treatment of choice. thus, tools that help guide clinical practice are fundamental. in this sense, antifungal activity tests in vitro could be useful. however, trials with chromoblastomycosis agents are scarce. the aim of this study was to evaluate both the in vitro susceptibility of 60 chromoblastomycosis agents to five antifungals and the combin ... | 2014 | 23895037 |
| in vitro antifungal susceptibility of cladophialophora carrionii, an agent of human chromoblastomycosis. | a global collection of cladophialophora carrionii strains (n = 81) was tested against nine antifungal drugs. mic90s of all strains were as follows in increasing order: itraconazole and posaconazole, 0.063 μg/ml; terbinafine, 0.125 μg/ml; isavuconazole and voriconazole, 0.25 μg/ml; caspofungin, 2 μg/ml; micafungin, 4 μg/ml; amphotericin b, 8 μg/ml; and fluconazole, 64 μg/ml. | 2013 | 23380718 |
| a fatal case of prostatic abscess in a post-renal transplant recipient caused by cladophialophora carrionii. | fungal infection secondary to renal transplantation poses a significant threat to the life of the recipient with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. a high index of suspicion is necessary for early diagnosis of fungal infections in such patients. we herein report a fatal case of prostatic abscess in a post-renal transplant recipient. | 2013 | 23354196 |
| chromoblastomycosis in mainland china: a systematic review on clinical characteristics. | chromoblastomycosis is one of the most frequent chronic infections caused by melanized fungi. in order to evaluate the clinical characteristics of chromoblastomycosis in mainland china, we performed an evidence-based review of published literature. pubmed and chinese-language database of cnki, vip and wanfang data during january 1990-august 2011 were searched. epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory findings, therapy and prognosis were analyzed. cladophialophora carrionii was the most common ... | 2013 | 23086329 |
| in vitro photodynamic therapy against foncecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) has been originally developed for cancer treatment, but recently, it has been successfully employed against microorganisms, including fungi. chromoblastomycosis is a subcutaneous fungal infection that is recalcitrant to conventional antifungal drug therapy. the most frequent species involved are foncecaea pedrosoi and cladophialophora carrionii. the present study aimed to verify the efficacy in vitro of pdt employing methylene blue (mb) as a photosensitiser and light e ... | 2013 | 22816425 |
| molecular diversity of cladophialophora carrionii in patients with chromoblastomycosis in venezuela. | we identified 29 cladophialophora carrionii isolates recovered from venezuelan patients with chromoblastomycosis using phenotypic and molecular characteristics. the genetic diversity of isolates was assessed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (eric-pcr) fingerprinting. we detected four electrophoretic patterns divided into two main clusters (i and ii) comprising 10 and 17 isolates, respectively, and two minor clusters (iii and iv) with one isolate each. ... | 2013 | 22734968 |
| chromoblastomycosis in santa catarina state, brazil. | a case of chromoblastomycosis caused by cladophialophora carrionii is reported. the diabetic and hypertensive patient presented serpiginous and verrucous lesions, with centrifugal evolution. the patient, with a history of disease for 59 years, had not been diagnosed or treated before. dematiaceous septate hyphal and elliptical conidia were seen on microscopic observations. the isolated fungus was identified on the basis of micro-macromorphologic characteristics. | 2013 | 23437557 |