| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. iv. helminths in sheep on irrigated pasture on the transvall highveld. | the seasonal incidence of helminth infestation in sheep on newly established irrigated pastures was determined by the slaughter of pairs of tracer lambs exposed for periods of approximately 33 days from october 1968--july 1970 and of sets of 3 lambs from march 1971--may 1973. it took several months for the infestation to become established on the pasture, but thereafter, of the various species present; haemonchus contortus was most prevalent. in general, peak burdens of this species were recover ... | 1977 | 148623 |
| efficacy of febantel in sheep experimentally infected with five species of gastrointestinal nematodes. | the anthelmintic activity of the guanidine derivative febantel was tested in a total of 76 experimentally infected lambs in two control tests. doses of 5.0 and 7.5 mg per kg body-weight were administered orally against fourth and pre-adult fifth or adult stages of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus colubriformis, b unostomum trigonocephalum and oesophagostomum columbianum. the efficacy was between 98.5 and 100 per cent. the drug was well tolerated. | 1978 | 155340 |
| nodular lesions in the absence of oesophagostomum columbianum. | | 1978 | 276759 |
| parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xii. artificial transmission of nematodes from blesbok and impala to sheep, goats and cattle. | sheep were successfully infested artificially with the larvae of haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus falculatus and impalaja nudicollis, cultured from the faeces of blesbok naturally infested with these nematodes. haemonchus placei, longistrongylus sabie, trichostrongylus colubrifomis, t. falculatus, impalaia tuberculata and cooperia hungi likewise became established in sheep, goats and calves dosed with larvae cultured from the faeces of infested impala. sheep and goat ... | 1979 | 460820 |
| avermectins, new family of potent anthelmintic agents: efficacy of the b1a component. | when given to sheep as a single oral dose at 0.1 mg/kg, the b(1a) component of the avermectins caused a reduction of >95% in the numbers of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta (including inhibited l(4) larvae), trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, cooperia oncophora, and oesophagostomum columbianum. when given to cattle as a single oral dose at 0.1 mg/kg, avermectin b(1a) was >95% effective in reducing the numbers of haemonchus placei, ostertagia ostertagi (including ... | 1979 | 464563 |
| in vitro variation of glycogen content in three sheep nematodes. | in vitro variation of glycogen content under aerobic conditions was measured on fresh weight basis in 3 sheep nematodes inhabiting different niches; haemonchus contortus, oesophagostomum columbianum and trichuris ovis. the parasites were saparated into species and then sexes and starved for varying periods of time up to 24 h in glucose-free physiological saline. the differences between females and males and among the species with respect to glycogen content and its rate of change with time are d ... | 1979 | 481912 |
| immunization of lambs against oesophagostomum columbianum, using irradiated third stage larvae. | the effect of gamma irradiation at doses of 40- and 50 kr on the development of third stage larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum and the protection conferred by these irradiated larvae against the nematode, was studied in 6-8 week old male kashmir merino lambs. at 40- and 50 kr doses, the third stage larvae failed to develop to the adult stage in the intestine. though single vaccination with 2000, 50 kr irradiated larvae failed to protect the animals against the infection, vaccination with the ... | 1979 | 543217 |
| cryopreservation of the infective larvae of the common nematodes of ruminants. | exsheathed infective larvae (l 3) of 19 species of nematodes were tested for infectivity in either sheep or cattle after they had been frozen in 0,9% nacl solution, stored for a relatively short time in the gas phase of liquid nitrogen and subsequently thawed. in addition, 13 of these species were tested after similar storage for up to 18 months. in sheep, haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger and oesophagostom ... | 1977 | 566412 |
| a rapid method for differentiating between the infective larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina. | when freshly-collected, exsheathed infective larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina were frozen in liquid nitrogen and subsequently thawed, conspicuous vesicles appeared in the intestinal cells of the larvae. the mean number of vesicles, which differed in size according to the species was 20 for o. columbianum and 32 for c. ovina. | 1977 | 614536 |
| recovery of nematodes from ruminants by migration from gastro-intestinal ingesta and mucosa gelled in agar: preliminary report. | when gastro-intestinal ingesta and mucosa containing larvae or adult haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta. trichostrongylus colubriformis, strongyloides papillosus, nematodirus spathiger, gaigeria pachyscelis, oesophagostomum columbianum or chabertia ovina were suspended in 0,75--1,00% agar gel and incubated in physiological saline, a mean of 93,6% of the helminths migrated from the agar-ingesta or agar-mucosa into the physiological saline. the lowest suitable concentration of agar was ... | 1978 | 704042 |
| the efficacy of febantel on gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep. | febantel (bay h 5757, rintal) is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic of a new type. a single oral dose of 5 mg/kg is fully effective against larval and adult stages of haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus colubriformis, oesophagostomum columbianum, ostertagia circumcincta and bunostomum trigonocephalum in sheep. | 1978 | 749080 |
| [clinical examination of the blood of roe deer (capreolus capreolus l.) and fallow deer (dama dama l.) naturally invaded by parasites]. | roe-deer (capreolus capreolus l. -- five animals) and fallow deer (dama dama l. -- eleven animals) of both sexes and at different age were subject to blood examination. the deer were killed in several preserves in bohemia during autumn and winter shootings in two years. the following blood values were determined: erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit values, mcv, mch, mchc, white blood picture, total protein, its fractions (albumin, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-globulin) ... | 1975 | 809892 |
| an evaluation of ethyl-6-ethoxybenzothiazole-2-carbamate (sch 18099) for anthelmintic activity in domestic animals. | ethyl-6-ethoxybenzothiazole-2-carbamate (sch 18099) was evaluated for efficacy against natural helminth infections in ponies, pigs, lambs and chickens. sixteen critical trials were conducted in ponies at dosages of 15 to 150 mg/kg. at 15 mg/kg, efficacy against adult and larval oxyuris equi was 100% and 91% and against small strongyles it was 98%. efficacy levels were 95% against strongylus vulgaris and s. edentatus at the 20 mg/kg dosage. in two trials at 100 mg/kg efficacy against parascaris e ... | 1977 | 864223 |
| percutaneous infestation of calves and lambs with oesophagostomum spp. | oesophagostomum radiatum and oesophagostomum columbianum became established in low numbers when 2 calves and 2 sheep respectively were exposed percutaneously to pure cultures of infective larvae of these worms. a further sheep infested in the conjunctival sac became heavily infested but this may have occurred via the lachrimal duct. as far as can be ascertained this is the first time that development of o. columbianum has been demonstrated after percutaneous exposure. | 1975 | 1219108 |
| efficacy of p-toluoyl chloride phenylhydrazone against gastrointestinal helminths in ovines. | a new anthelmintic candidate, p-toluoyl chloride phenlylhydrazone, was administered to lambs in a paste formulation. the efficacy of this drug was determined at dose rates of 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight. helminths expelled by these dosages included haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcicta, trichostrongylus colubriformis, t. axei, nematodirus filicollis, cooperia curticei, strongyloides papillosus, oesophagostomum columbianum, bunostomum trigoncephal ... | 1976 | 1263040 |
| anthelmintic activity of the macrocyclic lactone f28249-alpha in sheep. | the macrolytic lactone f28249-alpha was titrated in experimentally infected sheep and found to be highly effective against most of the common gastrointestinal nematodes as a single oral dose, given at a rate of 0.025, 0.05, or 0.1 mg/kg. specifically, maximal activity was evident at even the lowest dosage against adult haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcinta, trichostrongylus axei, and t colubriformis and l4 o circumcinta. activity against oesophagostomum columbianum was also high at all do ... | 1990 | 2240816 |
| the epidemiology of helminthosis in small ruminants under the traditional husbandry system in eastern nigeria. | the epidemiology of helminth infections in west african dwarf sheep and goats under the traditional husbandry system prevailing in the derived savanna area of eastern nigeria was studied for 12 months. the infections observed were due to haemonchus contortus (87.1%), trichostrongylus spp. (63.8%), metacestodes of taenia hydatigena (30.2%), oesophagostomum columbianum (22.4%), strongyloides sp. (18.8%), cooperia spp. (17.2%), gaigeria pachyscelis (6.0%), moniezia expansa (6.0%), bunostomum trigon ... | 1990 | 2247944 |
| gastro-intestinal nematode infections in a goat breeding farm in north-western sri lanka. | faecal egg counts were used to study patterns of nematode infestation of adult female goats and their offspring according to season, pregnancy and lactation or age on a goat farm (n = 2000) in north-western sri lanka. average rainfall in the area is 825 mm and temperature is between 23 and 33 degrees c throughout the year. the only nematode species present on the farm were haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum. in adult females the faecal egg output was not influenced by season an ... | 1990 | 2288007 |
| cryopreservation of some common nematodes of ruminants for up to 11,3 years. | infective larvae of selected batched of the following nematode species from sheep and cattle were examined for survival and infectivity (by injection into either the abomasum, the duodenum, or the jugular vein) after having been stored in liquid nitrogen for 103-136 months: haemonchus contortus, haemonchus placei, ostertagia circumcincta, ostertagia ostertagi, marshallagia marshalli, cooperia spp., trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, trichostrongylus falculatus, nematodirus sp ... | 1990 | 2338992 |
| anthelmintic activity of paraherquamide in sheep. | paraherquamide, an oxindole alkaloid metabolite of penicillium paraherquei, was tested against the common gastrointestinal nematode species of sheep at 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, per os. it was highly efficacious (greater than or equal to 98% reduction) as a single oral treatment dosages greater than or equal to 0.5 mg/kg against adult haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis and cooperia curticei, and the l4 stage of cooperia spp. ... | 1990 | 2352063 |
| faecal water content and egg survival of goat gastro-intestinal strongyles under dry tropical conditions in guadeloupe. | faeces from naturally infected goats were deposited on a natural grassland during the dry season in guadeloupe (french west indies) at different times throughout the day. the grass was either 7 or 20-30 cm tall. after a period of between several hours and 7 days, the number of viable strongyle eggs and the faecal water content were measured. faecal temperature was recorded continuously. faecal temperature was greater than 40 degrees-45 degrees c at midday and dehydration was rapid between 8 a.m. ... | 1990 | 2352914 |
| [principal helminths of small ruminants in ituri (upper zaire)]. | from august 1986 to november 1987, about 180 slaughtered sheep and goats were examined at bunia (haut-zaïre) in order to establish the main helminth parasites. seventeen and fifteen species were identified in sheep and goats respectively. the occurrence of stilesia hepatica, oesophagostomum multifoliatum and muellerius capillaris as well as the absence of echinococcus granulosus constituted the original features of this check-list in the area. parasitism the most frequently encountered both in s ... | 1990 | 2369171 |
| gastrointestinal nematode infections of goats in a sub-tropical and humid zone of india. | twelve hundred and twenty-eight goats (capra hircus l.) from a sub-tropical and humid zone of india were examined for gastrointestinal nematodes. the species encountered in the region were: haemonchus contortus, bunostomum trigonocephalum, oesophagostomum columbianum, trichuris globulosa, o. aspersum, and t. ovis. the overall infection rate was 86.8%. among various species found, h. contortus emerged as the most prevalent, although b. trigonocephalum and o. columbianum were also significantly in ... | 1989 | 2529697 |
| efficacy of three broad-spectrum anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematode infections of goats. | groups of 10 goats, harbouring both naturally acquired and experimental infections of gastrointestinal nematodes, were drenched with either levamisole (5 mg kg-1), albendazole (3.8 mg kg-1) or parbendazole (15 mg kg-1), or remained untreated. haemonchus contortus was the numerically dominant infection, with strongyloides papillosus, trichostrongylus colubriformis and oesophagostomum columbianum also present. at 5-6 days post-treatment, goats were killed and necropsied. post-mortem worm counts sh ... | 1989 | 2588471 |
| seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in pernambuco state, brazil. | during each of 36 1-month periods from april 1979 to march 1982, 3-4 goats selected from typical farms were necropsied and examined for gastrointestinal nematodes. the goats were male, 12 months old, born on the farm and raised without any anthelmintic application. at the beginning of each month, from april 1981 to march 1982, three 12-month-old male goats shown to be free of gastrointestinal nematodes after anthelmintic treatment were grazed with a flock of naturally infected goats (tracer goat ... | 1989 | 2728324 |
| effects of irrigation on appearance and survival of infective larvae of goat gastro-intestinal nematodes in guadeloupe (french west indies). | in guadeloupe (french west indies), faeces from naturally infected goats were deposited during the dry season on three plots, irrigated with long (plot a) or short herbage (b) and non-irrigated with long herbage (c). microclimatic data and the evolution of l3 population size in faeces, on soil surface and on herbage were followed over a period of 26 days. the initial nematode egg population was comprised of 58% haemonchus contortus (hc), 25% trichostrongylus colubriformis (tc) and 17% oesophagos ... | 1989 | 2777463 |
| epidemiology of ovine helminthiasis in haryana, india. | tracer lambs were used to study the pasture contamination with infective stages of helminth parasites during one annual cycle in a subtropical climate. post-mortem worm counts indicated that low infections with haemonchus contortus occurred throughout the year except in june. however, twenty five or more h. contortus per lamb were recorded in january, april, may and august. trichostrongylus colubriformis infection was detected throughout the year and 150 or more worms per lamb were recorded duri ... | 1988 | 3354055 |
| nematode parasites of goats and sheep in the imo state, nigeria. | field surveys on the occurrence of intestinal nematodes in 335 goats and 117 sheep in the imo state of nigeria showed an infection density of 78 and 77%, respectively. 8 nematode species were differentiated in goats, and 10 in sheep. among these, oesophagostomum columbianum (in goats) and o. venulosum (in sheep) prevailed. relationships were found between the age of the animals and the nematode species as well as the season and the rate of infestation. | 1987 | 3502244 |
| [microecological characterization of parasitic nematoda present in goats of arid zones of venezuela]. | goats from the venezuelan northern arid zones were found infested by the following nematodes: haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, t. colubriformis, cooperia curticei, oesophagostomum columbianum, skrjabinema ovis y trichuris globulosa. the shannon-weaver index of diversity values oscillated between 0.045 and 1.73 bits (means = 1.16 +/- 0.24 bits). the maximum value of montly diversity ranged from 1 to 2.80 bits (means = 2.49 +/- 0.28 bits) and the equitability ranged from 0.045 to 0.67 ... | 1986 | 3587000 |
| the comparative efficacy of oxfendazole administered as bolus and suspension to naturally infected sheep in greece. | in a flock of 20 ewes naturally infected with those parasites of sheep most common in greece, and kept indoors during the whole trial, oxfendazole at the dose rate of approximately 2.9 and 2.8 mg/kg body-weight was tested as a 4 g bolus containing 112 mg active ingredient and a 2.265% suspension. the evaluation of its efficacy was based on the necropsy findings which were also supported by faecal egg counts. no differences in efficacy were noticed between the two formulations of the drug. both b ... | 1986 | 3745877 |
| efficacy of ivermectin against induced gastrointestinal nematode infections in goats. | the efficacy of ivermectin (0.08 per cent w/v oral solution) at different dose levels was evaluated against induced infections of adult haemonchus contortus (21 days old) and trichostrongylus colubriformis (21 days old) and fourth stage larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum (17 days old), ostertagia circumcincta (five days old) and strongyloides papillosus (five days old). twenty-five boergoats (mutton goats) were randomly allocated by bodyweight within each sex to an untreated control group and ... | 1985 | 3840299 |
| serum protein changes associated with oesophagostomum columbianum infections in sheep. | | 1965 | 4160918 |
| experimental host-parasite relationship studies with oesophagostomum columbianum in sheep. ii. some effects of subcutaneous infections upon host immune and hypersensitive responses. | | 1968 | 4386278 |
| studies on the immunity of sheep to oesophagostomum columbianum: effects of different and successive doses of larvae on worm burdens, worm growth and fecundity. | | 1974 | 4415953 |
| studies on the immunity of sheep to oesophagostomum columbianum: effects of low-protein diet on resistance to infection and cellular reactions in the gut. | | 1974 | 4421178 |
| the life cycle of oesophagostomum columbianum (curtice, 1890) in sheep. | | 1973 | 4762128 |
| cultivation of parasitic stages of oesophagostomum columbianum (curtice, 1890) stossich, 1899 in vitro. | | 1967 | 4871197 |
| precipitating antibodies in extracts from the mucosa and tunica muscularis of the alimentary tract of sheep infected with oesophagostomum columbianum. | | 1966 | 4959029 |
| isolation of metabolic antigens of oesophagostomum columbianum following in vitro cultivation in a simplified medium. | | 1972 | 5042062 |
| development of ovine nodular worm, oesophagostomum columbianum, in cattle and its effect on resistance of host against infection with oesophagostomum radiatum. | | 1970 | 5414869 |
| effect of irradiation on the infective stage larvae of the nematode, oesophagostomum columbianum and their use as a vaccine. | | 1970 | 5444569 |
| effect of temperature and humidity on the survival of infective-stage juveniles of oesophagostomum columbianum (curtice, 1890) under controlled laboratory conditions. | | 1970 | 5446944 |
| attempt at passive immunization against the nematode, oesophagostomum columbianum. | | 1970 | 5469134 |
| oesophagostomum columbianum: experimental infections in lambs. effects of different types of exposure on the intestinal lesions. | | 1967 | 5625044 |
| the chromosome numbers of oesophagostomum columbianum curtice and chabertia ovina fabricius (nematoda, strongylata). | | 1968 | 5689044 |
| experimental host-parasite relationship studies with oesophagostomum columbianum in sheep. i. attempts to establish infection by different routes. | | 1968 | 5691815 |
| the in vitro action of immune serum on the juveniles of the nematode, oesophagostomum columbianum (curtice, 1890) stossich, 1899. | | 1968 | 5701787 |
| the effects of temperature on the survival and development of the free-living stages of oesophagostomum columbianum curtice, 1890 (nematoda). | | 1966 | 5907538 |
| the effects of temperature on the survival and development of the free-living stages of oesophagostomum columbianum curtice, 1890 (nematoda). | | 1966 | 5908222 |
| the demonstration of antibodies in the intestinal mucus of sheep infected with oesophagostomum columbianum by means of the percutaneous anaphylaxis test. | | 1966 | 5956905 |
| the pathologigal physiology of helminth infestations. ii. oesophagostomum columbianum. | | 1966 | 6007776 |
| comparison between copper-arsenic-piperazine and haloxon-piperazine drenches for treatment of haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum in sheep. | | 1967 | 6067862 |
| changes in the protein content of the serum and intestinal mucus of sheep with reference to the histology of the gut and immunological response to oesophagostomum columbianum infections. | | 1967 | 6067965 |
| the effects of different doses of oesophagostomum columbianum larvae on the body weight, intake and digestibility of feed and water intake of sheep. | | 1967 | 6069194 |
| anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole suspension against induced helminth infections in south african sheep and cattle. | critical controlled tests were performed in 157 sheep (8 experiments) and 34 cattle (2 experiments) to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of mebendazole suspension, administered intraruminally via a stomach tube at a dosage rate of 15 mg of mebendazole/kg of body weight, against induced infections of immature and adult stages of commonly encountered nematode parasites in south africa. in the sheep, the controlled efficacy of mebendazole suspension was good to excellent (90.1% to 100%) against al ... | 1984 | 6375485 |
| helminth parasites of game in transkei. | opportunities have been taken to examine sundry game animals for parasites over the past 2 years. a host parasite check list is presented from which it may be noted that oesophagostomum columbianum is recorded for the first time in the red hartebeest alcelaphus buselaphus and haemochus bedfordi for the first time in the eland taurotragus oryx. | 1984 | 6492055 |
| efficacy of ivermectin against internal parasites of sheep. | ivermectin in an oral formulation was evaluated by the non-parametric method against a wide range of endoparasites of sheep in 15 trials involving a total of 297 sheep. ivermectin at 200 micrograms/kg was more than 80% effective in more than 80% of the treated animals (i.e. class a) against induced infestations of 3rd and 4th stage larvae and adults of chabertia ovina, dictyocaulus filaria, haemonchus contortus (including a benzimidazole-resistant strain), nematodirus spathiger, oesophagostomum ... | 1984 | 6549472 |
| oesophagostomum columbianum: gamma-irradiated third-stage larvae for immunization in lambs. | 40-kr gamma-irradiated third-stage larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum were used for the immunization of kashmir merino lambs. male lambs (aged from 8 to 12 weeks) were immunized in two separate experiments by two doses of irradiated larvae, given 21 days apart, and subsequently challenged with normal larvae. judging by the establishment of worms resulting from the challenge infections in the immunized and control groups of lambs in the two experiments, a high degree of immunity was shown to d ... | 1983 | 6668420 |
| seasonal incidence of helminths in sheep and goats in south mozambique. | the seasonal fluctuations in faecal worm egg counts were studied at monthly intervals for over a year in 20 male sheep and goats on extensive grazing tracts at a farm near maputo, mozambique. larval differentiation from faecal cultures showed that haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum were the most prevalent worm species. trichostrongylus colubriformis, cooperia spp., strongyloides papillosus, moniezia spp., paramphistomum spp. and trichuris spp. also occurred. after the onset of ... | 1982 | 6892176 |
| strongyle infections of small ruminants in nigeria. | a survey of strongyle infections was conducted in sheep and goats reared in a traditional extensive husbandry system in two ecological zones of nigeria. one zone had a seasonal pattern of infection. the majority of animals had faecal worm parasite egg counts of below 500 eggs per gram. kids, and lambs younger than 3 months did not carry strongyle worm burdens, and the highest infection rate was found in the 7-12 month age group. a high proportion of small ruminants shed strongyle eggs during the ... | 1982 | 6892178 |
| oxfendazole: anthelmintic activity in sheep artificially infected with nematodes. results of trials against nine species including benzimidazole-resistant haemonchus contortus. | in a series of 11 trials, in which 281 lambs were artificially infected with 9 species of nematodes, larval anthelmintic tests were carried out to assess the activity of a dose of 5 mg/kg oxfendazole against all 3 parasitic stages of each species. an efficacy of over 99,4% was obtained against all stages of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger, gaigeria pachyscelis, chabertia ovina and oesophagostomum columbianum with the exception ... | 1980 | 7005443 |
| points in question. the origin of oesophagostomum columbianum. | | 1982 | 7068320 |
| the seasonal incidence of helminth parasites and of oestrus ovis in karakul sheep in the kalahari region of south west africa, namibia. | the seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal helminths and of oestrus ovis was determined by slaughter of successive groups of 4 tracer lambs, each exposed on pasture for 33 days. haemonchus contortus was present from march 1979 to early july 1979, with a generally increasing percentage of 4th stage larvae in each successive month. a "spring rise" in the egg count was seen in flock sheep in october 1978. oesophagostomum columbianum was recovered from tracers slaughtered in march 1979. apart from ... | 1982 | 7177585 |
| development and distribution of oesophagostomum columbianum in young lambs after oral or intraruminal infection. | there was no difference in the establishment or rate of development of oesophagostomum columbianum in young lambs after infective larvae were administered either orally or by injection directly into the rumen. however, the linear distributions in the intestine of encysted third-stage larvae differed according to the route of infection. the distributions of fourth-stage larvae, after migration to the large intestine, did not differ. it is suggested that the distribution of parasitic third-stage o ... | 1981 | 7201189 |
| the epizootiology of nematode parasites of sheep in a high-rainfall area of zimbabwe. | fifty-two untreated lambs from a contaminated flock were slaughtered at regular intervals throughout the year, and their gastro-intestinal tracts were examined for the presence of nematode parasites. haemonchus contortus and oesophagostomum columbianum were found to be of major importance. the incidence of haemonchus rose to a peak and remained at a high level throughout the winter through the fourth larval stages of the parasite predominated at this stage. oesophagostomum columbianum was recove ... | 1981 | 7265099 |
| interaction between oesophagostomum columbianum and oesophagostomum venulosum in sheep. | | 1981 | 7275477 |
| a residual anthelmintic 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol (disophenol). methods of testing its anthelmintic efficacy. | a subcutaneous injection of 2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol (disophenol) at 10 mg/kg sheep leaves a residue bound to serum albumin which is lethal to haemonchus contortus for 3 months after treatment. in the larval anthelmintic test, susceptible worm free sheep are dosed so that either third stage larvae (l3), or fourth stage larvae (l4) or 5th and adult stages are present on the day of treatment but slaughter is delayed to allow these larval stages to develop to adults because the larger worms are mor ... | 1981 | 7310790 |
| survival and development of larvae of the common nematodes of ruminants after long-term cryopreservation and investigation of different routes of infestation. | exsheathed infective larvae (l3) of 16 species of nematodes were tested for infectivity in either sheep or cattle after they had been frozen and stored in 0,09% nacl solution in the gas phase of liquid nitrogen for periods of up to 59 months. a mean of greater than 90% of the l3 of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger, oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina of sheep and haemonchus placei, ostertagia o ... | 1980 | 7465164 |
| the residual anthelmintic efficacy of moxidectin against selected nematodes affecting sheep. | determination of the residual anthelmintic efficacy in sheep of an oral formulation of moxidectin at a dosage rate of 0.2 mg kg-1 was evaluated 27-29 (mean: 28) d after dosing and that of the injectable formulation of moxidectin at a dosage rate of 0.2 mg kg-1 at 27-29 (mean: 28) and 34-36 (mean: 35) d post-treatment. the injectable formulation was more than 80% effective in more than 80% of treated sheep against a third larval stage challenge of haemonchus contortus, teladorsagia (ostertagia) c ... | 1994 | 7602570 |
| dry areas: an example of seasonal evolution of helminth infection of sheep and goats in southern mauritania. | a total of 647 faecal egg counts and 53 necropsies were performed on sheep and goats originating from three sites of a sahelian region of mauritania (gorgol) over a period of 2 years (1990-1992). haemonchus contortus, oesophagostomum columbianum and stilesia globipunctata were the most prevalent species. the seasonal pattern was characterized by long survival of adults and high percentages of arrested fourth-stage larvae in the dry season, suggesting that two different strategies were used to su ... | 1995 | 7732638 |
| rotational grazing for control of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in a wet tropical environment. | a preliminary experiment involving contamination of pasture plots with eggs of haemonchus contortus, trichostronglyus colubriformis and oesophagostomum columbianum every month for a year established that in the tropical environment of the pacific island of tongatapu, hatching and development of all species was rapid and continuous, with a short survival on pasture (3-7 weeks) of the resulting infective larvae. these results indicated that a rotational grazing system consisting of ten paddocks gr ... | 1994 | 8091608 |
| seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in communal land goats from the highveld of zimbabwe. | on six occasions during a 1 year period, goats run on communal pastures by small-scale farmers, were purchased, housed indoors for 3 weeks and autopsied for examination of their gastrointestinal nematode burden. all of the 32 goats examined were infected. the four dominant species, haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis and oesophagostomum columbianum, were present in 88-97% of the animals. three other nematodes, strongyloides papillosus, bunostomum spp. and ... | 1994 | 8171826 |
| parasite spectrum and seasonal epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants in the gambia. | one hundred and four post mortem examinations of randomly selected sheep (52) and goats (52) were carried out weekly from march 1990 to february 1991. gastrointestinal parasites were identified and counted. a large spectrum of 16 helminth species was found in 101 (97%) infected animals. the nematodes infecting small ruminants were, in order of predominance: trichostrongylus colubriformis (96% of all animals), oesophagostomum columbianum (82%), haemonchus contortus (67%), strongyloides papillosus ... | 1993 | 8249251 |
| efficacy of moxidectin against internal parasites of sheep. | the efficacy of injectable and oral formulations of moxidectin, at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg -1 live mass was evaluated by the non-parametric method (npm) against the most common internal parasites of sheep in 9 trials involving a total of 201 sheep. both formulations obtained an a classification (more than 80% effective in more than 80% of the treated animals) against the third (l3) and fourth (l4) larval and adult stages of haemonchus contortus, teladorsagia circumcineta, trichostrongylus colubrif ... | 1993 | 8496891 |
| [epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants in the plateau areas in togo]. | post-mortem helminthological examinations were performed in togo on small ruminants of the djallonké breed (59 sheep, 60 goats), revealing the presence of eight gastrointestinal nematode species which were, in decreasing prevalence order, trichostrongylus sp. (t. axei and t. colubriformis) (99%), haemonchus contortus (82%), strongyloides papillosus (67%), cooperia curticei (43%), oesophagostomum columbianum (40%), gaigeria pachyscelis (36%) and trichuris ovis (4%). the average worm burden was 1, ... | 1995 | 8734228 |
| prevalence and seasonal changes in the gastro-intestinal helminths of nigerian goats. | a total of 120 gastro-intestinal tracts and 960 faecal samples were examined to assess the prevalence and seasonal changes in the gastro-intestinal helminth parasites of red sokoto (maradi) goats slaughtered at ibadan between may 1991 and april 1992. egg types of strongyles, strongyloides, trichuris, skrjabinema, dicrocoelium and moniezia were encountered in 93%, 83%, 44%, 0.9%, 2.3% and 31% of the faecal samples respectively. however, only strongyle, strongyloides and trichuris eggs occurred in ... | 1996 | 8960229 |
| systematic relationships of some members of the genera oesophagostomum and chabertia (nematoda: chabertiidae) based on ribosomal dna sequence data. | the present study characterised seven species of the chabertiidae (nematoda: strongyloidea) belonging to either the subfamily oesophagostominae (oesophagostomum radiatum, oesophagostomum venulosum, oesophagostomum dentatum, oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum, oesophagostomum columbianum, oesophagostomum bifurcum) or to the subfamily chabertiinae (chabertia ovina) by their second internal transcribed spacer rdna sequence, assessed the extent of intraspecific variation and interspecific differences ... | 1998 | 9846616 |
| natural evolution of gastrointestinal nematodes in goats (capra hircus) in the semi-arid ecosystem of the paraíba backwoods, northeastern brazil. | this study was conducted in patos county, a semi-arid area with caatinga vegetation in paraiba state, northeastern brazil. twenty-four male goats of mixed breeds were used. the animals were separated in age groups from 1-12 months, i. e., 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, 9-10, 11-12 months, with four animals in each group. the animals were slaughtered and necropsied to recover and identify adult worms. the goats were exposed to nematode infection from the first month of life. the most prevalent nematodes in ... | 1998 | 9877070 |
| parenterally administered gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae viable after more than 15 years in liquid nitrogen. | after cryopreservation for 13.3-15.8 years, the viability of the infective larvae (l3) of trichostrongylus axei, t. colubriformis, oesophagostomum columbianum, haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, t. falculatus, nematodirus spathiger, chabertia ovina and dictyocaulus filaria was assessed in sheep, by being deposited at their predilection sites. d. filaria was, however, an exception, in that the l3 were injected into the jugular vein. the mean development of all the species was 22.8%, b ... | 2000 | 10714461 |
| [experimental studies on the effects in helminthic infection, with special reference to the gonadectomy of the host] | introduction: concerning the influences of the host's hormone in helminthic infection, solomon(1963) reported that castrated hamsters were less susceptible to nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection than the sham-operated or normal control groups, and addis(1946) demonstrated that testosterone in the male host was necessary for normal growth of hymenolepis diminuta and the egg productive ability was also effected by the hormone. beck(1950, 1952) noted a significant reduction in egg production in ... | 1966 | 12913569 |
| effect of high temperature on the infective larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum curtice, 1890. | | 1961 | 14488600 |
| resistance of santa ines, suffolk and ile de france sheep to naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematode infections. | a study was conducted to assess the breed resistance against nematode infections in santa ines, ile de france and suffolk male lambs over a 9-month period in são paulo state, brazil. lambs were born during the winter (year 2000) and were weaned at 2 months of age. the animals were then housed and treated with anthelmintics to eliminate natural infections by gastrointestinal nematodes. in late october 2000, lambs were placed in a paddock, where they stayed until august of the following year. feca ... | 2004 | 15019147 |
| morphological identification of nematode larvae of small ruminants and cattle simplified. | a simplified system has been developed to facilitate identification of nematode larvae of the common nematodes of cattle, sheep and goats. firstly, in addition to the characteristics conventionally used for identification (such as the shape of the cranial extremity and numbers of intestinal cells), the lengths of the infective sheath tails of infective larvae of each genus/species are related to that of trichostrongylus spp. instead of using measurements for differentiation. for instance, if the ... | 2004 | 15154594 |
| the effect of supplementary feeding on the resilience and resistance of browsing criollo kids against natural gastrointestinal nematode infections during the rainy season in tropical mexico. | the objective was to determine the effect of supplementary feeding on the resilience and resistance of criollo kids against natural gastrointestinal nematode (gin) infections, when browsing native vegetation during the wet season in tropical mexico. thirty-four 2-month old criollo kids, raised nematode free, were included at weaning in a 22-week trial. the kids were placed into four groups. two groups of 8 kids were offered 100g/day soybean and sorghum meal (26%:74%, respectively fresh basis) (t ... | 2004 | 15381302 |
| improving resilience against natural gastrointestinal nematode infections in browsing kids during the dry season in tropical mexico. | the objective was to determine the effect of supplementary feeding on the resilience and resistance of criollo kids against natural gastrointestinal nematode (gin) infections, when browsing native vegetation during the dry season in tropical mexico. thirty-three two-month-old criollo kids, raised nematode free, were included at weaning in a 20-week trial. the kids were placed into four groups. two groups of eight kids were offered 100g/day soybean and sorghum meal (26%:74% respectively fresh bas ... | 2006 | 16203095 |
| survey of helminths in adult sheep in heilongjiang province, people's republic of china. | the prevalence of helminths in adult sheep was investigated in heilongjiang province, people's republic of china between january 1999 and september 2003. a total of 326 adult sheep representing local breeds (xingjiang fine wool sheep, dongbei fine wool sheep) as well as introduced breeds (merino and charollais) from representative geographical locations in heilongjiang province were slaughtered and examined for the presence of helminths. the worms were examined, counted and identified to species ... | 2006 | 16713098 |
| effects of condensed tannin from acacia mearnsii on sheep infected naturally with gastrointestinal helminthes. | the effect of tannins on endoparasite control in hair sheep was investigated using 20 entire lambs of the santa inês breed. at the beginning of the experiment these animals were 6-months old and weighed 22.5kg+/-4.7. the treatments used were (10 animals each): gt (animals receiving 18g of acácia negra containing 18% of condensed tannin/animal/week) and gc (animals not receiving tannin). the experiment lasted 84 days, with animals kept on an andropogon gayanus pasture. faeces were collected weekl ... | 2007 | 17067741 |
| on the efficacy of thiabendazole against immature oesophagostomum columbianum in sheep. | | 1964 | 17421755 |
| epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep managed under traditional husbandry system in kashmir valley. | the present study was conducted with the objective to investigate the seasonal epidemiological prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (git) nematodes in different age groups, sexes and breeds (genotypes) of sheep through necropsy and faecal analysis over a period of 2 years in kashmir valley, india. a total of 1533 sheep were examined [faecal examination: 1035 (year 1: 561, year 2: 474); necropsy: 498 (year 1: 232, year 2: 266)]. out of these, 945 (61.64%) were found infected [faecal examination: ... | 2008 | 18838225 |
| efficacy of albendazole against nematode parasites isolated from a goat farm in ethiopia: relationship between dose and efficacy in goats. | a suspected case of albendazole resistance in a goat farm of hawassa university was examined using faecal egg count reduction test (fecrt), controlled anthelmintic efficacy test and egg hatch assay (eha) to verify the development of resistance and/or the need for higher doses of the drug in goats than in sheep. the experiment was conducted in 12 sheep (2 groups: treatment versus control) and 24 goats (4 groups: 3 treatments versus control, n = 6; per group) following artificial infection with in ... | 2009 | 19194779 |
| a combined microscopic-molecular method for the diagnosis of strongylid infections in sheep. | we evaluated a combined microscopic-molecular approach for the diagnosis of key strongylid infections in sheep using panels of well-defined control and test samples. the method established is based on the separation of nematode eggs from faecal samples using a salt flotation procedure, the extraction and column-purification of genomic dna, followed by real-time pcr and melting-curve analysis. specific and semi-quantitative amplification from (a minimum of 0.1-2.0pg) genomic dna of haemonchus con ... | 2009 | 19328802 |
| gastro-intestinal nematode infections in goats relative to season, host sex and age from the kashmir valley, india. | the present study aimed to investigate the seasonal epidemiological prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes (gins) of goats with respect to sex and age of the host in the kashmir valley from 1 february 2005 to 31 january 2007. a total of 1267 goats were examined [faecal examination: 938 (year 1: 470; year 2: 468); gastro-intestinal (git) examination: 329 (year 1: 175; year 2: 154)]. the overall prevalence of gin infection in these animals was 54.3% (year 1: 54.8%; year 2: 53.8%; p = 0.842). th ... | 2010 | 19627625 |
| polyclonal antibody based coproantigen detection immunoassay for diagnosis of oesophagostomum columbianum infection in goats. | a polyclonal antibody based coproantigen detection enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (cag-elisa) for diagnosis of experimental and natural oesophagostomum columbianum infection in goats was developed and evaluated. adult o. columbianum worms, collected from the caecum and colon of slaughtered goats, were triturated and cultured for obtaining infective third stage larvae (l(3)) and also used for preparation of excretory-secretory antigen (esag). experimental goats were orally infected each with 6 ... | 2010 | 20223593 |
| in vivo anthelmintic activity of an aqueous extract from sisal waste (agave sisalana perr.) against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats. | the resistance of gastrointestinal nematodes (gins) of small ruminants to anthelmintics has required the investigation of new alternatives. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vivo anthelmintic activity of an aqueous extract from sisal waste (agave sisalana) (aesw) against gins in goats and to observe the animals for toxic effects. thirty animals that were naturally infected with gins were distributed into three groups: group i, was treated with daily doses of aesw (1.7 g/kg) for ... | 2010 | 21156340 |
| anthelmintic activity of trianthema portulacastrum l. and musa paradisiaca l. against gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep. | evaluation of anthelmintic effects of trianthema (t.) portulacastrum l. (aizoaceae) whole plant and musa (m.) paradisiaca l. (musaceae) leaves against prevalent gastrointestinal worms of sheep was done that may justify their traditional use in veterinary clinical medicine. in vitro anthelmintic activity of the crude aqueous methanolic extract (came) of both the plants was determined using mature female haemonchus (h.) contortus and their eggs in adult motility assay (ama) and egg hatch test (eht ... | 2011 | 21440370 |
| molecular characterization and functional analysis of serine/threonine protein phosphatase of toxocara canis. | toxocara canis (t. canis) is a widely prevalent zoonotic parasite that infects a wide range of mammalian hosts, including humans. we generated the full-length complementary dna (cdna) of the serine/threonine phosphatase gene of t. canis (tc stp) using 5' rapid amplification of the cdna ends. the 1192-bp sequence contained a continuous 942-nucleotide open reading frame, encoding a 313-amino-acid polypeptide. the tc stp polypeptide shares a high level of amino-acid sequence identity with the predi ... | 2014 | 24657583 |
| morphological identification of parasitic nematode infective larvae of small ruminants and cattle: a practical lab guide. | in 2004, a new concept was introduced for simplifying identification of larvae of the common nematodes of cattle, sheep and goats that comprises estimates of the lengths of the sheath tail extensions of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of each genus and/or species to that of trichostrongylus spp., instead of having to be dependent only on measurements in micrometre. for example, if the mean length of the sheath tail extension (the extension of the sheath caudad, beyond the caudal tip of the lar ... | 2013 | 23718204 |
| lack of efficacy of monepantel against trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep in brazil. | multiple drug resistance of nematodes against anthelmintics has become one of the most important economic problems in sheep production worldwide. the aim of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of monepantel (2.5mg/kg) against gastrointestinal nematodes in fecal egg count reduction test (fecrt) and controlled efficacy test (ct) in naturally infected sheep. we used 30 sheep for the fecrt and 20 sheep for the ct, equally divided into control and treated groups. in the fecrt, the reduction ... | 2016 | 26801587 |
| gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in botucatu, state of são paulo, brazil. | gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in botucatu, state of são paulo, brazil between april 2008 and march 2011. every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. at the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. the seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of h. contortus, w ... | 2016 | 25271455 |
| in vivo anthelmintic activity of anogeissus leiocarpus guill & perr (combretaceae) against nematodes in naturally infected sheep. | the identification of new anthelmintic drugs becomes a priority because of the availability of a handful of drugs, cost of treatments, and recent emergence of drug resistance. medicinal plants are a good source of bioactive compounds for development of drugs. in this study, in vivo efficacy of anogeissus leiocarpus was assessed in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. fecal examination, serological analyses, and necropsy were carried out to determine the egg and worm-burden r ... | 2013 | 23657462 |