| application of the random amplified polymorphic dna technique for the detection of polymorphism among wild and cultivated tetraploid wheats. | development of a high-density genetic linkage map of cultivated wheats using conventional molecular markers has lagged behind the other major food crops such as rice and tomato because of the large genome size and limited levels of genetic polymorphisms. recently, random amplified polymorphic dnas (rapds) have been suggested to provide an alternative to visualize more polymorphism. for the construction of a genetic linkage map in tetraploid wheats, one can use a strategy of intersubspecific cros ... | 1993 | 8349131 |
| [molecular tagging of a major powdery mildew resistance gene mlg in wheat derived from wild emmer by using microsatellite marker]. | powdery mildew caused by erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases in many regions of the world. breeding for resistant cultivars has been proved to be an effective and environmentally safe method to control diseases in wheat production. it is necessary to search for more resistance genes for the diversification of resistance genes in wheat breeding. an isreali wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) accession "g-305-m" was found resistant to the prevailing e. ... | 2001 | 11725638 |
| microsatellite polymorphism in natural populations of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, in israel. | diversity in 20 microsatellite loci of wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, was examined in 15 populations (135 genotypes) representing a wide range of ecological conditions of soil, temperature, and water availability, in israel and turkey. an extensive amount of diversity at microsatellite loci was observed despite the predominantly selfing nature of this plant species. the 20 gatersleben wheat microsatellites (gwm), representing 13 chromosomes of genomes a and b of wheat, revealed a total ... | 2002 | 12579424 |
| precise mapping of a locus affecting grain protein content in durum wheat. | grain protein content (gpc) is an important factor in pasta and breadmaking quality, and in human nutrition. it is also an important trait for wheat growers because premium prices are frequently paid for wheat with high gpc. a promising source for alleles to increase gpc was detected on chromosome 6b of triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides accession fa-15-3 (dic). two previous quantitative trait locus (qtl) studies found that the positive effect of dic-6b was associated to a single locus located b ... | 2003 | 12923624 |
| a reconsideration of the domestication geography of tetraploid wheats. | the domestication of tetraploid wheats started from their wild progenitor triticum dicoccoides. in this paper, the geographical distribution of this progenitor is revised to include more sampling locations. the paper is based on a collection of wild and domesticated lines (226 accessions in total) analyzed by aflp at 169 polymorphic loci. the collection includes the 69 wild lines considered by mori et al. (2003) in their study on chloroplast dna haplotypes of t. dicoccoides. the goal of the expe ... | 2005 | 15714326 |
| molecular evolution of dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes in wild emmer wheat and its ecological association. | alpha-amylase inhibitors are attractive candidates for the control of seed weevils, as these insects are highly dependent on starch as an energy source. in this study, we aimed to reveal the structure and diversity of dimeric alpha-amylase inhibitor genes in wild emmer wheat from israel and to elucidate the relationship between the emmer wheat genes and ecological factors using single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. another objective of this study was to find out whether there were any co ... | 2008 | 18366725 |
| molecular mapping of the novel powdery mildew resistance gene pm36 introgressed from triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides in durum wheat. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases in many regions of the world. triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides (2n=4x=aabb), the progenitor of cultivated wheats, shows particular promises as a donor of useful genetic variation for several traits, including disease resistances. the wild emmer accession mg29896, resistant to powdery mildew, was backcrossed to the susceptible durum wheat cultivar latino, and a set of backcross inbred lines (b ... | 2008 | 18392800 |
| genetic studies of leaf and stem rust resistance in six accessions of triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides. | six accessions of triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides l. (4x, aabb) of diverse origin were tested with 10 races of leaf rust (puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici rob. ex desm.) and 10 races of stem rust (p. graminis f.sp. tritici eriks. &henn.). their infection type patterns were all different from those of lines carrying the lr or sr genes on the a or b genome chromosomes with the same races. the unique reaction patterns are probably controlled by genes for leaf rust or stem rust resistance that ha ... | 1994 | 18470084 |
| genetic and physical mapping of a gene conditioning sensitivity in wheat to a partially purified host-selective toxin produced by stagonospora nodorum. | abstract a toxin, designated sntox1, was partially purified from culture filtrates of isolate sn2000 of stagonospora nodorum, the causal agent of wheat leaf and glume blotch. the toxin showed selective action on several different wheat genotypes, indicating that it is a host-selective toxin (hst). the toxic activity was reduced when incubated at 50 degrees c and activity was eliminated when treated with proteinase k, suggesting that the hst is a protein. the synthetic hexaploid wheat w-7984 and ... | 2004 | 18943793 |
| quantitative trait loci analysis and mapping of seedling resistance to stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch in wheat. | abstract stagonospora nodorum leaf blotch is an economically important foliar disease in the major wheat-growing areas of the world. in related work, we identified a host-selective toxin (hst) produced by the s. nodorum isolate sn2000 and determined the chromosomal location of the host gene (snn1) conditioning sensitivity to the toxin using the international triticeae mapping initiative mapping population and cytogenetic stocks. in this study, we used the same plant materials to identify quantit ... | 2004 | 18943794 |
| comparative analysis of indices in the study of virulence diversity between and within populations of puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici in israel. | abstract isolates of puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici (n = 260) obtained from bread, durum, and wild emmer wheat leaf collections throughout israel during 1993 to 1997 were analyzed for virulence on a set of wheat differentials. the overall frequency of virulence increased on differentials possessing resistance genes lr1, lr2a, lr3, and lr26 and decreased on lr17, lr21, and lr30. genes lr9 and lr24 were resistant, while lr18 was susceptible (98% in 1996) to all tested leaf rust isolates and lr1 ... | 2000 | 18944539 |
| independent evolution of functional pm3 resistance genes in wild tetraploid wheat and domesticated bread wheat. | the pm3 alleles of cultivated bread wheat confer gene for gene resistance to the powdery mildew fungus. they represent a particular case of plant disease resistance gene evolution, because of their recent origin and possible evolution after the formation of hexaploid wheat. the pm3 locus is conserved in tetraploid wheat, thereby allowing the comparative evolutionary study of the same resistance locus in a domesticated species and in one of its wild ancestors. we have identified 61 pm3 allelic se ... | 2009 | 18980638 |
| wheat leaf rust caused by puccinia triticina. | leaf rust, caused by puccinia triticina, is the most common rust disease of wheat. the fungus is an obligate parasite capable of producing infectious urediniospores as long as infected leaf tissue remains alive. urediniospores can be wind-disseminated and infect host plants hundreds of kilometres from their source plant, which can result in wheat leaf rust epidemics on a continental scale. this review summarizes current knowledge of the p. triticina/wheat interaction with emphasis on the infecti ... | 2008 | 19018988 |
| identification and genetic mapping of pm42, a new recessive wheat powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide in areas with cool or maritime climates. wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is an important potential donor of disease resistances and other traits for common wheat improvement. a powdery mildew resistance gene was transferred from wild emmer accession g-303-1m to susceptible common wheat by crossing and backcrossing, resulting in inbred line p63 (yanda1817/g-303-1 m//3* ... | 2009 | 19407985 |
| molecular identification of a new powdery mildew resistance gene pm41 on chromosome 3bl derived from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). | powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is an important wheat disease in china and other parts of the world. wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is the immediate progenitor of cultivated tetraploid and hexaploid wheats and thus an important resource for wheat improvement. wild emmer accession iw2 collected from mount hermon, israel, is highly resistant to powdery mildew at the seedling and adult plant stages. genetic analysis using an f(2) segregating population and ... | 2009 | 19471905 |
| pathogen race determines the type of resistance response in the stripe rust-triticum dicoccoides pathosystem. | wild relatives of crop plants may serve as a promising source for screening for new disease resistance genes that can be utilized in breeding programs. triticum dicoccoides, the wild progenitor of most cultivated wheats, was shown to harbor many resistance genes against the major diseases attacking cultivated wheat. stripe rust is a devastating fungal disease that attacks wheat in many regions of the world. new races of puccinia striiformis westend. f. sp. tritici, the causative agent of stripe ... | 2010 | 20163557 |
| identification and mapping of pmg16, a powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer wheat. | the gene-pool of wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, harbors a rich allelic repertoire for disease resistance. in the current study, we made use of tetraploid wheat mapping populations derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. langdon) and wild emmer (accession g18-16) to identify and map a new powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer wheat. initially, the two parental lines were screened with a collection of 42 isolates of blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (bg ... | 2010 | 20407741 |
| genetic and comparative genomics mapping reveals that a powdery mildew resistance gene ml3d232 originating from wild emmer co-segregates with an nbs-lrr analog in common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). | powdery mildew caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide and breeding for resistance using diversified disease resistance genes is the most promising approach to prevent outbreaks of powdery mildew. a powdery mildew resistance gene, originating from wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) accessions collected from israel, has been transferred into the hexaploid wheat line 3d232 through crossing and backcrossing. inoculation res ... | 2010 | 20686747 |
| the 3adon population of fusarium graminearum found in north dakota is more aggressive and produces a higher level of don than the prevalent 15adon population in spring wheat. | fusarium head blight (fhb) is primarily caused by fusarium graminearum in north america. isolates of f. graminearum can be identified as one of three chemotypes: 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3adon), 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15adon), and nivalenol (niv). in this study, we characterized f. graminearum isolates collected in 1980 to 2000 (old collection) and in 2008 (new collection) from north dakota and found a 15-fold increase of 3adon isolates in the new collection. evaluation of randomly selected 3 ... | 2010 | 20839936 |
| mapping genes lr53 and yr35 on the short arm of chromosome 6b of common wheat with microsatellite markers and studies of their association with lr36. | the rust resistance genes lr53 and yr35, transferred to common wheat from triticum dicoccoides, were reported previously to be completely linked on chromosome 6b. four f (3) families were produced from a cross between a line carrying lr53 and yr35 (98m71) and the leaf rust and stripe rust susceptible genotype avocet "s" and were rust tested using puccinina triticina pathotype 53-1,(6),(7),10,11 and puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici pathotype 110 e143 a+. the homozygous resistant lines produced ... | 2010 | 20924745 |
| tmpit1 from wild emmer wheat: first characterisation of a stress-inducible integral membrane protein. | in this study a gene for a drought stress-inducible putative membrane protein was cloned and characterised from root tissue of wild emmer wheat. sequence analysis indicated that the protein is a member of the widespread but hitherto uncharacterised tmpit (transmembrane protein inducible by tnf-α) family, so it was labelled tdictmpit1. real-time rt-pcr showed that the tdictmpit1 gene is upregulated on drought stress in drought-tolerant wild emmer wheat, but not in a drought-sensitive accession or ... | 2011 | 21635942 |
| identification and characterization of a novel powdery mildew resistance gene pmg3m derived from wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (bgt) is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide. wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, the tetraploid ancestor (aabb) of domesticated bread and durum wheat, harbors many important alleles for resistance to various diseases, including powdery mildew. in the current study, two tetraploid wheat mapping populations, derived from a cross between durum wheat (cv. langdon) and wild emmer wheat (accession g-305-3m), w ... | 2011 | 22159825 |
| identification and comparative mapping of a powdery mildew resistance gene derived from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) on chromosome 2bs. | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) is a valuable genetic resource for improving disease resistance in common wheat. a powdery mildew resistance gene conferring resistance to b. graminis f. sp. tritici isolate e09 at the seedling and adult stages was identified in wild emmer accession iw170 introduced from israel. an incomplete dominant gene, temporarily designated mliw170, ... | 2011 | 22170431 |
| ancient diversity of splicing motifs and protein surfaces in the wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) lr10 coiled coil (cc) and leucine-rich repeat (lrr) domains. | in this study, we explore the diversity and its distribution along the wheat leaf rust resistance protein lr10 three-dimensional structure. lr10 is a leaf rust resistance gene encoding a coiled coil-nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (cc-nbs-lrr) class of protein. lr10 was cloned and sequenced from 58 accessions representing diverse habitats of wild emmer wheat in israel. nucleotide diversity was very high relative to other wild emmer wheat genes (π= 0.029). the cc domain was found to b ... | 2011 | 21952112 |
| plant genetic resources: prediction by isozyme markers and ecology. | linkage or association of genetic markers to quantitative traits of agronomic importance can substantially simplify the genetic analysis of complex quantitative traits. enzyme marker genes are ideal candidates for quantitative genetic analysis. we have recently applied this powerful methodology to the analysis of genetic resources of wild cereals in israel, primarily wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, and wild barley, hordeum spontaneum, the progenitors of cultivated wheats and barley, resp ... | 2012 | 3610595 |
| autophagy-related gene, tdatg8, in wild emmer wheat plays a role in drought and osmotic stress response. | an autophagy-related gene atg8 was cloned for the first time from wild emmer wheat, named as tdatg8, and its role on autophagy under abiotic stress conditions was investigated. examination of tdatg8 expression patterns indicated that atg8 expression was strongly upregulated under drought stress, especially in the roots when compared to leaves. lysotracker(®) red marker, utilized to observe autophagosomes, revealed that autophagy is constitutively active in triticum dicoccoides. moreover, autopha ... | 2012 | 22569921 |
| variation in susceptibility to wheat dwarf virus among wild and domesticated wheat. | we investigated the variation in plant response in host-pathogen interactions between wild (aegilops spp., triticum spp.) and domesticated wheat (triticum spp.) and wheat dwarf virus (wdv). the distribution of wdv and its wild host species overlaps in western asia in the fertile crescent, suggesting a coevolutionary relationship. bread wheat originates from a natural hybridization between wild emmer wheat (carrying the a and b genomes) and the wild d genome donor aegilops tauschii, followed by p ... | 2015 | 25837893 |
| distribution and haplotype diversity of wks resistance genes in wild emmer wheat natural populations. | the wheat stripe rust resistance gene yr36 ( wks1 ) with a unique kinase-start domain architecture is highly conserved in wild emmer wheat natural populations. wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) populations have developed various resistance strategies against the stripe rust pathogen puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst). the wild emmer gene, yr36 (wks1), which confers partial resistance to a broad spectrum of pst races, is composed of a kinase and a start lipid-binding domain, a unique ... | 2016 | 26847646 |
| molecular mapping and marker development for the triticum dicoccoides-derived stripe rust resistance gene yrsm139-1b in bread wheat cv. shaanmai 139. | yrsm139-1b maybe a new gene for effective resistance to stripe rust and useful flanking markers for marker-assisted selection were developed. | 2016 | 26649867 |
| evaluation of marker-assisted selection for the stripe rust resistance gene yr15, introgressed from wild emmer wheat. | stripe rust disease is caused by the fungus puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and severely threatens wheat worldwide, repeatedly breaking resistance conferred by resistance genes and evolving more aggressive strains. wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, is an important source for novel stripe rust resistance (yr) genes. yr15, a major gene located on chromosome 1bs of t. dicoccoides, was previously reported to confer resistance to a broad spectrum of stripe rust isolates, at both seedling an ... | 2015 | 27818611 |
| linkage disequilibrium and association analysis of stripe rust resistance in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) population in israel. | rapid ld decay in wild emmer population from israel allows high-resolution association mapping. known and putative new stripe rust resistance genes were found. genome-wide association mapping (gwam) is becoming an important tool for the discovery and mapping of loci underlying trait variation in crops, but in the wild relatives of crops the use of gwam has been limited. critical factors for the use of gwam are the levels of linkage disequilibrium (ld) and genetic diversity in mapped populations, ... | 2014 | 25223542 |
| wheat stripe (yellow) rust caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici. | stripe (yellow) rust, caused by puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (pst), is a serious disease of wheat occurring in most wheat areas with cool and moist weather conditions during the growing season. the basidiomycete fungus is an obligate biotrophic parasite that is difficult to culture on artificial media. pst is a macrocyclic, heteroecious fungus that requires both primary (wheat or grasses) and alternate (berberis or mahonia spp.) host plants to complete its life cycle. urediniospores have ... | 2014 | 24373199 |
| differentiation among blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolates originating from wild versus domesticated triticum species in israel. | israel and its vicinity constitute a center of diversity of domesticated wheat species (triticum aestivum and t. durum) and their sympatrically growing wild relatives, including wild emmer wheat (t. dicoccoides). we investigated differentiation within the forma specialis of their obligate powdery mildew pathogen, blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. a total of 61 b. graminis f. sp. tritici isolates were collected from the three host species in four geographic regions of israel. genetic relatedness ... | 2016 | 27019062 |
| dynamic evolution of resistance gene analogs in the orthologous genomic regions of powdery mildew resistance gene mliw170 in triticum dicoccoides and aegilops tauschii. | rapid evolution of powdery mildew resistance gene mliw170 orthologous genomic regions in wheat subgenomes. wheat is one of the most important staple grain crops in the world and also an excellent model for plant ploidy evolution research with different ploidy levels from diploid to hexaploid. powdery mildew disease caused by blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici can result in significant loss in both grain yield and quality in wheat. in this study, the wheat powdery mildew resistance gene mliw170 locu ... | 2015 | 25993896 |
| natural selection causes adaptive genetic resistance in wild emmer wheat against powdery mildew at "evolution canyon" microsite, mt. carmel, israel. | "evolution canyon" (eci) at lower nahal oren, mount carmel, israel, is an optimal natural microscale model for unraveling evolution in action highlighting the basic evolutionary processes of adaptation and speciation. a major model organism in eci is wild emmer, triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of cultivated wheat, which displays dramatic interslope adaptive and speciational divergence on the tropical-xeric "african" slope (as) and the temperate-mesic "european" slope (es), separated on aver ... | 2015 | 25856164 |
| fine physical and genetic mapping of powdery mildew resistance gene mliw172 originating from wild emmer (triticum dicoccoides). | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases in the world. in this study, a single dominant powdery mildew resistance gene mliw172 was identified in the iw172 wild emmer accession and mapped to the distal region of chromosome arm 7al (bin7al-16-0.86-0.90) via molecular marker analysis. mliw172 was closely linked with the rflp probe xpsr680-derived sts marker xmag2185 and the est markers be405531 and be637476. this suggested that mliw172 ... | 2014 | 24955773 |
| comparative genetic mapping and genomic region collinearity analysis of the powdery mildew resistance gene pm41. | by applying comparative genomics analyses, a high-density genetic linkage map narrowed the powdery mildew resistance gene pm41 originating from wild emmer in a sub-centimorgan genetic interval. wheat powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, results in large yield losses worldwide. a high-density genetic linkage map of the powdery mildew resistance gene pm41, originating from wild emmer (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides) and previously mapped to the distal region of chromosom ... | 2014 | 24906815 |
| high-density mapping and marker development for the powdery mildew resistance gene pmas846 derived from wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides). | powdery mildew, caused by blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide. the dominant powdery mildew resistance gene pmas846 was transferred to the hexaploid wheat lines n9134 and n9738 from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) in 1995, and it is still one of the most effective resistance genes in china. a high resolution genetic map for pmas846 locus was constructed using two f(2) populations and corresponding f(2:3) families developed from the crosses o ... | 2012 | 22350087 |
| [genetics determination of wheat resistance to puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici deriving from aegilops cylindrica, triticum erebuni and amphidiploid 4]. | the lines of winter soft wheat developed in the plant breeding and genetics institute contain new effective introgressive sr-genes. line 85/06 possess srac1 gene, lines 47/06, 54/06, 82/06, 85/06, 87/06, 238/06, and 367/06 possess srac1 and srac2 derived from aegilops cylindrica, line 352/06 - srte1 and srte2 from triticum erebuni, line 12/86-04 - srad1 and srad2 from amphidiploid 4 (triticum dicoccoides x triticum tauschii). | 2012 | 22420215 |
| identification of genes induced by fusarium graminearum inoculation in the resistant durum wheat line langdon(dic-3a)10 and the susceptible parental line langdon. | the wheat recombinant chromosome inbred line ldn(dic-3a)10, obtained through introgression of a triticum dicoccoides disomic chromosome 3a fragment into triticum turgidum spp. durum var. langdon, is resistant to fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum. to identify genes involved in fhb resistance, we used a cdna-aflp approach to compare gene expression between ldn(dic-3a)10 and the susceptible parental line ldn at different time points post-inoculation. in total, 85 out of the ... | 2015 | 26211966 |
| the drought response displayed by a dre-binding protein from triticum dicoccoides. | drought is one of the major causes of dramatic yield loss in crop plants. knowledge of how to alleviate this loss is still limited due to the complexity of both the stress condition and plant responses. wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is a potential source of important drought-resistance genes for its cultivated relatives. the gene for an emmer dre-binding protein, tdicdrf1, was cloned and shown to be drought-responsive with orthologs in other plants. this is the first repo ... | 2011 | 21296583 |
| development of irap- and remap-derived scar markers for marker-assisted selection of the stripe rust resistance gene yr15 derived from wild emmer wheat. | yr15 provides broad resistance to stripe rust, an important wheat disease. remap- and irap-derived co-dominant scar markers were developed and localize yr15 to a 1.2 cm interval. they are reliable across many cultivars. stripe rust [pucinia striiformis f.sp. tritici (pst)] is one of the most important fungal diseases of wheat, found on all continents and in over 60 countries. wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), which is the tetraploid progenitor of durum wheat, is a valuable source of novel ... | 2015 | 25388968 |
| evolution and dispersal of emmer wheat (triticum sp.) from novel haplotypes of ppd-1 (photoperiod response) genes and their surrounding dna sequences. | the sequence data from 5' utr, intronic, coding and 3' utr regions of ppd-a1 and ppd-b1 were investigated for a total of 158 accessions of emmer wheat landraces comprising 19 of wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), 45 of hulled emmer wheat (t. dicoccum) and 94 of free-threshing (ft) emmer wheat (t. durum etc.). we detected some novel types of deletions in the coding regions from 22 hulled emmer accessions and 20 ft emmer accessions. emmer wheat accessions with these deletions could produce p ... | 2012 | 22639190 |
| evolution of wild cereals during 28 years of global warming in israel. | climate change is a major environmental stress threatening biodiversity and human civilization. the best hope to secure staple food for humans and animal feed by future crop improvement depends on wild progenitors. we examined 10 wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides koern.) populations and 10 wild barley (hordeum spontaneum k. koch) populations in israel, sampling them in 1980 and again in 2008, and performed phenotypic and genotypic analyses on the collected samples. we witnessed the profound ... | 0 | 22334646 |
| high-density genetic map of durum wheat x wild emmer wheat based on ssr and dart markers. | a genetic linkage map of tetraploid wheat was constructed based on a cross between durum wheat [triticum turgidum ssp. durum (desf.) mackey] cultivar langdon and wild emmer wheat [t. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (körn.) thell.] accession g18-16. one hundred and fifty-two single-seed descent derived f(6) recombinant inbred lines (rils) were analyzed with a total of 690 loci, including 197 microsatellite and 493 dart markers. linkage analysis defined 14 linkage groups. most markers were mapped to the ... | 0 | 18437346 |
| comparative rflp mapping of the chlorotoluron resistance gene (su1) in cultivated wheat (triticum aestivum) and wild wheat (triticum dicoccoides). | chlorotoluron is a selective phenylurea herbicide widely used for broad-leaved and annual grass weed control in cereals. variation in the response to chlorotoluron (ct) was found in both hexaploid bread wheat (triticum aestivum l.) and wild tetraploid wheat (triticum dicoccoides körn.). here, we describe the comparative mapping of the ct resistance gene (su1) on chromosome 6b in bread and wild wheat using rflp markers. in bread wheat, mapping was based on 58 f(4) single-seed descent (ssd) plants ... | 0 | 19352744 |
| genetic divergence of heat production within and between the wild progenitors of wheat and barley: evolutionary and agronomical implications. | we compared and contrasted calorimetrically heat production in seedlings incubated at 5°c and 24°c using genotypes from cold and warm israeli populations of the wild progenitors of barley (hordeum spontaneum) and wheat (triticum dicoccoides). the wild barley sample comprised 14 accessions, 7 from cold localities and 7 from warm localities. the wild emmer wheat sample consisted of 12 accessions, 6 from a cold locality, and 6 from a warm locality. our results indicated that (1) heat production was ... | 0 | 24201500 |
| ecological genomics of natural plant populations: the israeli perspective. | the genomic era revolutionized evolutionary population biology. the ecological genomics of the wild progenitors of wheat and barley reviewed here was central in the research program of the institute of evolution, university of haifa, since 1975 ( http://evolution.haifa.ac.il ). we explored the following questions: (1) how much of the genomic and phenomic diversity of wild progenitors of cultivars (wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of most wheat, plus wild relatives of the ae ... | 2009 | 19347652 |
| evolutionary history of the nam-b1 gene in wild and domesticated tetraploid wheat. | the nam-b1 gene in wheat has for almost three decades been extensively studied and utilized in breeding programs because of its significant impact on grain protein and mineral content and pleiotropic effects on senescence rate and grain size. first detected in wild emmer wheat, the wild-type allele of the gene has been introgressed into durum and bread wheat. later studies have, however, also found the presence of the wild-type allele in some domesticated subspecies. in this study we trace the e ... | 2017 | 29262777 |
| quantifying rooting at depth in a wheat doubled haploid population with introgression from wild emmer. | the genetic basis of increased rooting below the plough layer, post-anthesis in the field, of an elite wheat line (triticum aestivum 'shamrock') with recent introgression from wild emmer (t. dicoccoides), is investigated. shamrock has a non-glaucous canopy phenotype mapped to the short arm of chromosome 2b (2bs), derived from the wild emmer. a secondary aim was to determine whether genetic effects found in the field could have been predicted by other assessment methods. | 2017 | 28911016 |
| high-throughput snp genotyping of modern and wild emmer wheat for yield and root morphology using a combined association and linkage analysis. | durum wheat (triticum turgidum var. durum desf.) is a major world crop that is grown primarily in areas of the world that experience periodic drought, and therefore, breeding climate-resilient durum wheat is a priority. high-throughput single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) genotyping techniques have greatly increased the power of linkage and association mapping analyses for bread wheat, but as yet there is no durum wheat-specific platform available. in this study, we evaluate the new 384ht wheat ... | 2017 | 28550605 |
| ancestral qtl alleles from wild emmer wheat enhance root development under drought in modern wheat. | a near-isogenic line (nil-7a-b-2), introgressed with a quantitative trait locus (qtl) on chromosome 7as from wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) into the background of bread wheat (t. aestivum l.) cv. barnir, was recently developed and studied in our lab. nil-7a-b-2 exhibited better productivity and photosynthetic capacity than its recurrent parent across a range of environments. here we tested the hypothesis that root-system modifications play a major role in nil-7a-b-2's agro ... | 2017 | 28536586 |
| high density mapping and haplotype analysis of the major stem-solidness locus sst1 in durum and common wheat. | breeding for solid-stemmed durum (triticum turgidum l. var durum) and common wheat (triticum aestivum l.) cultivars is one strategy to minimize yield losses caused by the wheat stem sawfly (cephus cinctus norton). major stem-solidness qtl have been localized to the long arm of chromosome 3b in both wheat species, but it is unclear if these qtl span a common genetic interval. in this study, we have improved the resolution of the qtl on chromosome 3b in a durum (kofa/w9262-260d3) and common wheat ... | 2017 | 28399136 |
| bread wheat progenitors: aegilops tauschii (dd genome) and triticum dicoccoides (aabb genome) reveal differential antioxidative response under water stress. | antioxidant enzymes are known to play a significant role in scavenging reactive oxygen species and maintaining cellular homeostasis. activity of four antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (sod), catalase (cat), ascorbate peroxidase (apx) and glutathione reductase (gr) was examined in the flag leaves of nine aegilops tauschii and three triticum dicoccoides accessions along with two bread wheat cultivars under irrigated and rain-fed conditions. these accessions were shortlisted from a lar ... | 2017 | 28250587 |
| ancestral qtl alleles from wild emmer wheat improve grain yield, biomass and photosynthesis across enviroinments in modern wheat. | wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is considered a promising source for improving drought resistance in domesticated wheat. nevertheless, wild germplasm has not been widely used in wheat breeding for abiotic stress resilience. in the current study, a near isogenic line nil-7a-b-2, introgressed with a drought-related qtl from wild emmer wheat on chromosome 7a, and its recurrent parent, bread wheat cv. barnir, were investigated under four environments across 2 years-water-limite ... | 2016 | 27593460 |
| flour quality and related molecular characterization of high molecular weight glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat accession td-256. | to clarify the effect of high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) from wild emmer wheat on flour quality, which has the same mobility as that from common wheat, the composition and molecular characterization of hmw-gs from wild emmer wheat accession td-256, as well as its flour quality, were intensively analyzed. it is found that the mobilities of glu-a1 and glu-b1 subunits from td-256 are consistent with those of bread wheat cv. 'xiaoyan 6'. nevertheless, dough rheological properties of ... | 2016 | 27243935 |
| ancestral qtl alleles from wild emmer wheat improve drought resistance and productivity in modern wheat cultivars. | wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is considered a promising source for improving stress resistances in domesticated wheat. here we explored the potential of selected quantitative trait loci (qtls) from wild emmer wheat, introgressed via marker-assisted selection, to enhance drought resistance in elite durum (t. turgidum ssp. durum) and bread (t. aestivum) wheat cultivars. the resultant near-isogenic lines (bc3f3 and bc3f4) were genotyped using snp array to confirm the introgr ... | 2016 | 27148287 |
| (gaa)n microsatellite as an indicator of the a genome reorganization during wheat evolution and domestication. | although the wheat a genomes have been intensively studied over past decades, many questions concerning the mechanisms of their divergence and evolution still remain unsolved. in the present study we performed comparative analysis of the a genome chromosomes in diploid (triticum urartu tumanian ex gandilyan, 1972, triticum boeoticum boissier, 1874 and triticum monococcum linnaeus, 1753) and polyploid wheat species representing two evolutionary lineages, timopheevi (triticum timopheevii (zhukovsk ... | 2015 | 26753073 |
| implications of an inverted duplication in the wheat kn1-type homeobox gene wknox1 for theorigin of persian wheat. | introgression between related species with different ploidy levels has played important roles in wheat subspecies differentiation. persian wheat, a cultivated tetraploid wheat subspecies (triticum turgidum subsp. carthlicum), is postulated to have evolved through interploidy hybridization between tetraploid and hexaploid wheats. here, we report evidence for the origin of subsp. carthlicum based on the discovery of a new allele for the 5th-to-6th exon region of the wknox1bknotted1-type homeobox g ... | 2015 | 26399771 |
| molecular organization and comparative analysis of chromosome 5b of the wild wheat ancestor triticum dicoccoides. | wild emmer wheat, triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides is the wild relative of triticum turgidum, the progenitor of durum and bread wheat, and maintains a rich allelic diversity among its wild populations. the lack of adequate genetic and genomic resources, however, restricts its exploitation in wheat improvement. here, we report next-generation sequencing of the flow-sorted chromosome 5b of t. dicoccoides to shed light into its genome structure, function and organization by exploring the repetiti ... | 2015 | 26084265 |
| differential response of wild and cultivated wheats to water deficits during grain development: changes in soluble carbohydrates and invertases. | wheat, staple food crop of the world, is sensitive to drought, especially during the grain-filling period. water soluble carbohydrates (wscs), stem reserve mobilization and higher invertase activity in the developing grains are important biochemical traits for breeding wheat to enhance tolerance to terminal drought. these traits were studied for three accessions of triticum dicoccoides(a tetraploid wheat progenitor species) - acc 7054 (ec 171812), acc 7079 (ec 171837) and acc 14004 (g-194-3 m-6 ... | 2015 | 25964711 |
| internucleosomal dna fragmentation in wild emmer wheat is catalyzed by s1-type endonucleases translocated to the nucleus upon induction of cell death. | leaves of cereal plants display nucleosomal fragmentation of dna attributed to the action of nucleases induced during program cell death (pcd). yet, the specific nuclease activity responsible for generating double strand dna breaks (dsbs) that lead to dna fragmentation has not been fully described. here, we characterized a ca2+/mg2+-dependent s1-type endonuclease activity in leaves of wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides köern.) capable of introducing dsbs as demonstrated by the conversion of ... | 2015 | 25497371 |
| wheat in the mediterranean revisited--tetraploid wheat landraces assessed with elite bread wheat single nucleotide polymorphism markers. | single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) panels recently developed for the assessment of genetic diversity in wheat are primarily based on elite varieties, mostly those of bread wheat. the usefulness of such snp panels for studying wheat evolution and domestication has not yet been fully explored and ascertainment bias issues can potentially affect their applicability when studying landraces and tetraploid ancestors of bread wheat. we here evaluate whether population structure and evolutionary histo ... | 2014 | 24885044 |
| three-dimensional modeling and diversity analysis reveals distinct avr recognition sites and evolutionary pathways in wild and domesticated wheat pm3 r genes. | the pm3 gene confers resistance against wheat powdery mildew. studies of pm3 diversity have shown that pm3 alleles isolated from southern populations of wild emmer wheat located in lebanon, jordan, israel, and syria are more diverse and more distant from bread wheat alleles than alleles from the northern wild wheat populations located in turkey, iran, and iraq. therefore, southern populations from israel were studied extensively to reveal novel pm3 alleles that are absent from the cultivated gen ... | 2014 | 24742072 |
| drought tolerance in modern and wild wheat. | the genus triticum includes bread (triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (triticum durum) and constitutes a major source for human food consumption. drought is currently the leading threat on world's food supply, limiting crop yield, and is complicated since drought tolerance is a quantitative trait with a complex phenotype affected by the plant's developmental stage. drought tolerance is crucial to stabilize and increase food production since domestication has limited the genetic diversity of crop ... | 2013 | 23766697 |
| identification and molecular characterisation of hmw glutenin subunit 1by16* in wild emmer. | in this study, a novel y-type high molecular weight glutenin subunit (hmw-gs) in wild emmer wheat triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides (körn.) accession ku1952 was identified by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), capillary electrophoresis (ce) and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation/time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (maldi-tof-ms). its electrophoretic mobility and molecular weight were similar to those of 1by16 and was designated as 1by16*. the complet ... | 2012 | 22644727 |
| transcriptome pathways unique to dehydration tolerant relatives of modern wheat. | among abiotic stressors, drought is a major factor responsible for dramatic yield loss in agriculture. in order to reveal differences in global expression profiles of drought tolerant and sensitive wild emmer wheat genotypes, a previously deployed shock-like dehydration process was utilized to compare transcriptomes at two time points in root and leaf tissues using the affymetrix genechip(r) wheat genome array hybridization. the comparison of transcriptomes reveal several unique genes or express ... | 2009 | 19330365 |
| independent wheat b and g genome origins in outcrossing aegilops progenitor haplotypes. | the origin of modern wheats involved alloploidization among related genomes. to determine if aegilops speltoides was the donor of the b and g genomes in aabb and aagg tetraploids, we used a 3-tiered approach. using 70 amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) loci, we sampled molecular diversity among 480 wheat lines from their natural habitats encompassing all s genome aegilops, the putative progenitors of wheat b and g genomes. fifty-nine aegilops representatives for s genome diversity wer ... | 2007 | 17053048 |
| isolation of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit genes from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides). | three low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (lmw-gs) genes, designated lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3, were isolated from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), which is the tetraploid progenitor of common wheat (t. aestivum). the complete nucleotide sequence lengths of lmw-td1, lmw-td2 and lmw-td3 are 858, 900 and 1062 bp, respectively. lmw-td1 and lmw-td3 can encode proteins with 284 and 352 amino acid residues, respectively, whereas lmw-td2 is a putative pseudogene due to the presence of 3 in ... | 2005 | 16278506 |
| two point mutations identified in emmer wheat generate null wx-a1 alleles. | in this report, the wx-a1 mutations carried by a triticum dicoccoides line from israel and a triticum dicoccum line from yugoslavia are characterized. a single nucleotide insertion in the t. dicoccoides null allele and a single nucleotide deletion in the t. dicoccum null allele each cause frameshift mutations that induce premature termination codons more than 55 nucleotides upstream of the last exon-exon junction. in both mutants, wx-a1 transcripts were detectable in 10 day post-anthesis endospe ... | 2005 | 15592661 |
| chromosomal location of a triticum dicoccoides-derived powdery mildew resistance gene in common wheat by using microsatellite markers. | the powdery mildew resistance has been transferred from an israeli wild emmer (triticum dicoccoides) accession "g-305-m" into common wheat by crossing and backcrossing (g-305-m/781//jing 411*3). genetic analysis showed that the resistance was controlled by a single dominant gene at the seedling stage. among the 102 pairs of ssr primers tested, four polymorphic microsatellite markers (xpsp3029, xpsp3071, xpsp3152 and xgwm570) from the long arm of chromosome 6a were mapped in a bc(2)f(3) populatio ... | 2003 | 12582861 |
| molecular variation in chloroplast dna regions in ancestral species of wheat. | restriction map variation in two 5-6-kb chloroplast dna regions of five diploid aegilops species in the section sitopsis and two wild tetraploid wheats, triticum dicoccoides and triticum araraticum, was investigated with a battery of four-cutter restriction enzymes. a single accession each of triticum durum, triticum timopheevi and triticum aestivum was included as a reference. more than 250 restriction sites were scored, of which only seven sites were found polymorphic in aegilops speltoides. n ... | 1994 | 7916310 |
| the molecular basis of genetic diversity among cytoplasms of triticum and aegilops : 7. restriction endonuclease analysis of mitochondrial dnas from polyploid wheats and their ancestral species. | many related species and strains of common wheat were compared by matching differences among their mitochondrial genomes with their "parent" nuclear genomes. we examined three species of aegilops, section sitopsis (ae. bicornis, ae. sharonensis, and ae. speltoides), emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides, t. dicoccum, and t. durum), common wheat (t. spelta, t. aestivum, and t. compaction), and timopheevi wheat (t. araraticum, t. timopheevi, and t. zhukovskyi). a single source of the cytoplasm was use ... | 1990 | 24220971 |
| wheat storage proteins: diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in wild emmer from israel : 1. geographical patterns and ecological predictability. | the diversity of hmw glutenin subunits in the tetraploid wild progenitor of wheat, triticum turgidum var. dicoccoides was studied electrophoretically in 231 individuals representing 11 populations of wild emmer from israel. the results show that (a) the two hmw glutenin loci, glu-a1 and glu-b1, are rich in variation, having 11 and 15 alleles, respectively, (b) genetic variation in hmw glutenin subunits is often severely restricted in individual populations, supporting an island population geneti ... | 1987 | 24240347 |
| linkage relationships in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides. | the linkage relationships in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides , between nine enzymatic loci (mdh-1, ipo, beta-glu, pept-1, pept-3, est-5, est-1, 6pgdh-2 and hk) and a coleoptile pigment locus (rc) were investigated. chromosome locations of genes were inferred from analysis of ditelocentric lines of triticum aestivum, cultivar chinese spring. the loci mdh-b1 and hk are linked (lambda = 0.1869) and are most likely located on the chromosome 1b. the loci pept-b1 and rc are linked (lambda = 0.2 ... | 1986 | 17246352 |
| a computer-assisted examination of the storage protein genetic variation in 841 accessions of triticum dicoccoides. | triticum turgidum l. var. dicoccoides (wild emmer) is an important genetic resource for increasing the protein content of common wheat (triticum aestivum l.). many studies have shown that the presence or absence of bands in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide (sds-page) electrophoregrams of wheat storage proteins to be of a purely genetic character. a total protein extraction and sds-page technique was used to estimate the storage protein genetic variability among 841 accessions of wild emmer ... | 1984 | 24253627 |
| assessment of genomic and species relationships in triticum and aegilops by page and by differential staining of seed albumins and globulins. | endosperm protein components from common bread wheats (triticum aestivum l.) and related species were extracted with aluminum lactate, ph 3.2, and examined by electrophoresis in the same buffer. electrophoretic patterns of the albumins and globulins were compared to evaluate the possibility that a particular species might have contributed its genome to tetraploid or hexaploid wheat. together with protein component mobilities, differential band staining with coomassie brilliant blue r250 was empl ... | 1978 | 24317663 |
| medium optimization for recombinant soluble arginine deiminase expression in escherichia coli using response surface methodology. | microgeographic studies of molecular markers could reveal the nature and dynamics of genetic diversity and the evolutionary driving forces shaping evolution. | 2018 | 29366412 |
| activation of seminal root primordia during wheat domestication reveals underlying mechanisms of plant resilience. | seminal roots constitute the initial wheat root system and provide the main route for water absorption during early stages of development. seminal root number (srn) varies among species. however, the mechanisms through which srn is controlled and in turn contribute to environmental adaptation are poorly understood. here we show that srn increased upon wheat domestication from three to five due to the activation of two root primordia which are suppressed in wild wheat, a trait controlled by loci ... | 2018 | 29320605 |
| comparative metabolite profiling of drought stress in roots and leaves of seven triticeae species. | drought is a lifestyle disease. plant metabolomics has been exercised for understanding the fine-tuning of the potential pathways to surmount the adverse effects of drought stress. a broad spectrum of morphological and metabolic responses from seven triticeae species including wild types with different drought tolerance/susceptibility level was investigated under control and water scarcity conditions. | 2017 | 29246190 |
| purification and properties of the chymotrypsin inhibitor from wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides) of israel and its toxic effect on beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua. | a novel chymotrypsin inhibitor, which detected in the seed of wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides), was purified by ion-exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography and ultracentrifugation. on the basis of its specificity, this inhibitor was named weci (wild emmer chymotrypsin inhibitor). sds-page analysis displayed that the purified weci is a single chain polypeptide with a molecular weight of approximately 13kda. the inhibition constants (ki) for amylase and bovine pancreatic chymotryps ... | 2017 | 29107237 |
| a high-density genetic map of wild emmer wheat from the karaca dağ region provides new evidence on the structure and evolution of wheat chromosomes. | wild emmer (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) is a progenitor of all cultivated wheat grown today. it has been hypothesized that emmer was domesticated in the karaca dağ region in southeastern turkey. a total of 445 recombinant inbred lines of t. turgidum ssp. durum cv. 'langdon' x wild emmer accession pi 428082 from this region was developed and genotyped with the illumina 90k single nucleotide polymorphism infinium assay. a genetic map comprising 2,650 segregating markers was constructed. th ... | 2017 | 29104581 |
| transposable elements generate population-specific insertional patterns and allelic variation in genes of wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). | natural populations of the tetraploid wild emmer wheat (genome aabb) were previously shown to demonstrate eco-geographically structured genetic and epigenetic diversity. transposable elements (tes) might make up a significant part of the genetic and epigenetic variation between individuals and populations because they comprise over 80% of the wild emmer wheat genome. in this study, we performed detailed analyses to assess the dynamics of transposable elements in 50 accessions of wild emmer wheat ... | 2017 | 29078757 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of salinity stress-responsive mirnas in wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides). | micrornas (mirnas) are a class of endogenous small noncoding rnas which regulate diverse molecular and biochemical processes at a post-transcriptional level in plants. as the ancestor of domesticated wheat, wild emmer wheat (triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) has great genetic potential for wheat improvement. however, little is known about mirnas and their functions on salinity stress in wild emmer. to obtain more information on mirnas in wild emmer, we systematically investigated and character ... | 2017 | 28587281 |
| the dead, hardened floral bracts of dispersal units of wild wheat function as storage for active hydrolases and in enhancing seedling vigor. | it is commonly assumed that the dead, hardened floral bracts of the dispersal unit of grasses have been evolved to protect seeds from predation and / or assist in fruit/caryopsis dispersal. while these structures have important agronomical and economical implications, their adaptive value has not been fully explored. we investigated the hypothesis that the maternally derived hardened floral bracts have been evolved not just as a means for caryopsis protection and dispersal, but also as storage f ... | 2017 | 28493968 |
| the impact of diet wheat source on the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus-lessons learned from the non-obese diabetic (nod) mouse model. | nutrition, especially wheat consumption, is a major factor involved in the onset of type 1 diabetes (t1d) and other autoimmune diseases such as celiac. while modern wheat cultivars possess similar gliadin proteins associated with the onset of celiac disease and t1d, alternative dietary wheat sources from israeli landraces and native ancestral species may be lacking the epitopes linked with t1d, potentially reducing the incidence of t1d. the non-obese diabetic (nod) mouse model was used to monito ... | 2017 | 28489059 |
| solar radiation-associated adaptive snp genetic differentiation in wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides. | whole-genome scans with large number of genetic markers provide the opportunity to investigate local adaptation in natural populations and identify candidate genes under positive selection. in the present study, adaptation genetic differentiation associated with solar radiation was investigated using 695 polymorphic snp markers in wild emmer wheat originated in a micro-site at yehudiyya, israel. the test involved two solar radiation niches: (1) sun, in-between trees; and (2) shade, under tree ca ... | 2017 | 28352272 |
| vrn1 genes variability in tetraploid wheat species with a spring growth habit. | vernalization genes vrn1 play a major role in the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth in wheat. in di-, tetra- and hexaploid wheats the presence of a dominant allele of at least one vrn1 gene homologue (vrn-a1, vrn-b1, vrn-g1 or vrn-d1) determines the spring growth habit. allelic variation between the vrn-1 and vrn-1 alleles relies on mutations in the promoter region or the first intron. the origin and variability of the dominant vrn1 alleles, determining the spring growth habit in ... | 2016 | 28105956 |
| grain quality characteristics and dough rheological properties in langdon durum-wild emmer wheat chromosome substitution lines under nitrogen and water deficits. | wild emmer wheat could serve as a source of novel variation in grain quality and stress resistance for wheat breeding. a set of triticum durum-t. dicoccoides chromosome substitution lines [ldn(dic)] and the parental recipient cv. langdon grown under contrasting water and nitrogen availability in the soil was examined in this study to identify differences in grain quality traits and dough rheological properties. | 2017 | 27558295 |
| diversity of fungal endophytes in recent and ancient wheat ancestors triticum dicoccoides and aegilops sharonensis. | endophytes have profound impacts on plants, including beneficial effects on agriculturally important traits. we hypothesized that endophytes in wild plants include beneficial endophytes that are absent or underrepresented in domesticated crops. in this work, we studied the structure of endophyte communities in wheat-related grasses, triticum dicoccoides and aegilops sharonensis, and compared it to an endophyte community from wheat (t. aeastivum). endophytes were isolated by cultivation and by cu ... | 2016 | 27402714 |
| evolution and adaptation of wild emmer wheat populations to biotic and abiotic stresses. | the genetic bottlenecks associated with plant domestication and subsequent selection in man-made agroecosystems have limited the genetic diversity of modern crops and increased their vulnerability to environmental stresses. wild emmer wheat, the tetraploid progenitor of domesticated wheat, distributed along a wide range of ecogeographical conditions in the fertile crescent, has valuable "left behind" adaptive diversity to multiple diseases and environmental stresses. the biotic and abiotic stres ... | 2016 | 27296141 |
| qtls for uniform grain dimensions and germination selected during wheat domestication are co-located on chromosome 4b. | a major locus on the long arm of wheat chromosome 4b controls within-spikelet variation in both grain size and seed dormancy, the latter an important survival mechanism likely eliminated from wild wheat during domestication. seed dormancy can increase the probability of survival of at least some progeny under unstable environmental conditions. in wild emmer wheat, only one of the two grains in a spikelet germinates during the first rainy season following maturation; and this within-plant variati ... | 2016 | 26993485 |
| seed heteromorphism in triticum dicoccoides: association between seed positions within a dispersal unit and dormancy. | variation in seed size and dormancy can take the form of seed heteromorphism, i.e., production of different kinds of seeds by a single individual. in this paper, i tested for the effect of seed position within a spikelet on its germination over time, and the contribution of this effect to population differentiation along an aridity gradient in an annual grass, triticum dicoccoides. the results show that the upper grain in a spikelet is larger than the bottom grain, and either germinates in the s ... | 2016 | 26868523 |
| genetic architecture of adaptation to novel environmental conditions in a predominantly selfing allopolyploid plant. | genetic architecture of adaptation is traditionally studied in the context of local adaptation, viz. spatially varying conditions experienced by the species. however, anthropogenic changes in the natural environment pose a new context to this issue, that is, adaptation to an environment that is new for the species. in this study, we used crossbreeding to analyze genetic architecture of adaptation to conditions not currently experienced by the species but with high probability of encounter in the ... | 2016 | 26837272 |
| novel alleles of the vernalization1 genes in wheat are associated with modulation of dna curvature and flexibility in the promoter region. | in wheat, the vernalization requirement is mainly controlled by the vrn genes. different species of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat are widely used as genetic source for new mutant variants and alleles for fundamental investigations and practical breeding programs. in this study, vrn-a1 and vrn-b1 were analysed for 178 accessions representing six tetraploid wheat species (triticum dicoccoides, t. dicoccum, t. turgidum, t. polonicum, t. carthlicum, t. durum) and five hexaploid species (t. compactu ... | 2016 | 26822192 |
| transcriptome profiling of wheat glumes in wild emmer, hulled landraces and modern cultivars. | wheat domestication is considered as one of the most important events in the development of human civilization. wheat spikelets have undergone significant changes during evolution under domestication, resulting in soft glumes and larger kernels that are released easily upon threshing. our main goal was to explore changes in transcriptome expression in glumes that accompanied wheat evolution under domestication. | 2015 | 26462652 |
| toward a better understanding of the genomic region harboring fusarium head blight resistance qtl qfhs.ndsu-3as in durum wheat. | new molecular markers were developed and mapped to the fhb resistance qtl region in high resolution. micro-collinearity of the qtl region with rice and brachypodium was revealed for a better understanding of the genomic region. the wild emmer wheat (triticum dicoccoides)-derived fusarium head blight (fhb) resistance quantitative trait locus (qtl) qfhs.ndsu-3as previously mapped to the short arm of chromosome 3a (3as) in a population of recombinant inbred chromosome lines (ricls). this study aime ... | 2016 | 26385373 |
| role of phenotypic plasticity and population differentiation in adaptation to novel environmental conditions. | species can adapt to new environmental conditions either through individual phenotypic plasticity, intraspecific genetic differentiation in adaptive traits, or both. wild emmer wheat, triticum dicoccoides, an annual grass with major distribution in eastern mediterranean region, is predicted to experience in the near future, as a result of global climate change, conditions more arid than in any part of the current species distribution. to understand the role of the above two means of adaptation, ... | 2015 | 26380708 |
| structure and extent of dna methylation-based epigenetic variation in wild emmer wheat (t. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides) populations. | the genetic structure and differentiation of wild emmer wheat suggests that genetic diversity is eco-geographically structured. however, very little is known about the structure and extent of the heritable epigenetic variation and its influence on local adaptation in natural populations. | 2015 | 26272589 |
| genetic evidence for differential selection of grain and embryo weight during wheat evolution under domestication. | wheat is one of the neolithic founder crops domesticated ~10 500 years ago. following the domestication episode, its evolution under domestication has resulted in various genetic modifications. grain weight, embryo weight, and the interaction between those factors were examined among domesticated durum wheat and its direct progenitor, wild emmer wheat. experimental data show that grain weight has increased over the course of wheat evolution without any parallel change in embryo weight, resulting ... | 2015 | 26019253 |