| direct effects of recombinant nuclear polyhedrosis viruses on selected nontarget organisms. | a limitation to effective field use of naturally occurring nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (npvs) is the slow rate at which they kill their host. in making npvs a more attractive pest management tool, this problem has been addressed by modifying npvs genetically to express insecticidal proteins resulting in substantial increases in their speed of action. one concern associated with these recombinant npvs, however, is their effects on nontarget insects associated with pests targeted for control by a ... | 1995 | 7722081 |
| integrated management tactics for frankliniella thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) in field-grown pepper. | in a 2-yr study, the impacts of different plastic soil mulches, insecticides, and predator releases on frankliniella thrips and their natural enemies were investigated in field-grown peppers. ultraviolet light (uv)-reflective mulch significantly reduced early season abundance of adult thrips compared with standard black plastic mulch. this difference diminished as the growing seasons progressed. late season abundance of thrips larvae was higher in uv reflective mulch compared with black mulch pl ... | 2003 | 14503592 |
| bionomics of the anthocoridae. | the family anthocoridae (hemiptera:heteroptera) contains between 400 and 600 species distributed worldwide, chiefly on the continents but also on oceanic islands. they are small (1.4-4.5 mm) and common to a wide variety of habitats. many are found in cryptic habitats such as galls, several widespread genera are surface feeders on small arthropods (anthocoris, orius, and tetraphleps), and others can be found in ant nests and, especially, under bark. wing polymorphism is common in this family, oft ... | 1999 | 15012372 |
| influence of cover crops on insect pests and predators in conservation tillage cotton. | in fall 2000, an on-farm sustainable agricultural research project was established for cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., in tift county, georgia. the objective of our 2-yr research project was to determine the impact of several cover crops on pest and predator insects in cotton. the five cover crop treatments included 1) cereal rye, secale cereale l., a standard grass cover crop; 2) crimson clover, trifolium incarnatum l., a standard legume cover crop; 3) a legume mixture of balansa clover, trifoli ... | 2004 | 15384330 |
| the contact toxicity of indoxacarb and five other insecticides to orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) and aphidius colemani (hymenoptera: braconidae), beneficials used in the greenhouse industry. | the contact toxicity of indoxacarb, abamectin, endosulfan, insecticide soap, s-kinoprene and dimethoate to orius insidiosus (say) and aphidius colemani viereck were studied in the laboratory. these beneficials are often used in the greenhouses to manage various insect pests. indoxacarb is slow acting and therefore, to estimate lethal dosages, observations should be continued for several days until data stabilize. seven days after treatment, the lc50 was 0.119 g ai litre(-1) for o insidiosus adul ... | 2004 | 15578604 |
| ostrinia nubilalis parasitism and the field abundance of non-target insects in transgenic bacillus thuringiensis corn (zea mays). | in this study, we evaluated in field trials the effects on non-target species, of transgenic corn producing the cry1ab toxin of bacillus thuringiensis (bt). in 1998, we collected ostrinia nubilalis (hübner) larvae from transgenic bt corn (novartis hybrid 176) and non-bt corn at four geographical sites. we found a significant variation in parasitism by the tachinids lydella thompsoni (herting) and pseudoperichaeta nigrolineata (walker) among sites, and more parasitism in non-bt than in bt fields. ... | 2002 | 15612256 |
| the efficacy of spinosad against the western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis, and its impact on associated biological control agents on greenhouse cucumbers in southern ontario. | insecticides are the most commonly used tactic to control western flower thrips (wft), frankliniella occidentalis pergande (thysanoptera: thripidae), on greenhouse cucumber. however, wft has developed resistance to several of the insecticides presently in use. in addition, some of these insecticides adversely affect greenhouse biological control agents used to control wft, resulting in subsequent pest resurgence. therefore, there is a need to identify novel insecticides with unique modes of acti ... | 2005 | 15619719 |
| toxicity of fruit fly baits to beneficial insects in citrus. | two fruit fly baits, nu-lure/malathion and gf-120 (spinosad) were evaluated in the laboratory for non-target impacts on beneficial insects. nu-lure/malathion proved attractive and toxic to adults and larvae of the coccinellid species, curinus coeruleus mulsant, cycloneda sanguinea l. and harmonia axyridis pallas, a lacewing species, chrysoperla rufilabris burmeister. the coccinellids olla v-nigrum mulsant, scymnus sp. and nymphs of the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) did not succumb ... | 2003 | 15841224 |
| effects of a chenopodium-based botanical insecticide/acaricide on orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) and aphidius colemani (hymenoptera: braconidae). | uda-245 is a chenopodium-based natural insecticide. forty-eight hours after treatment with this compound, orius insidiosus (say) and aphidius colemani viereck showed slight contact toxicity at 5 g ai liter(-1). there was no residual toxicity to a colemani. these two beneficials are currently used in commercial flower and vegetable greenhouses for the management of thrips, spider mites, aphids and small caterpillars. in contrast, abamectin and insecticidal soap were toxic by contact to both speci ... | 2005 | 15880647 |
| the effect of indoxacarb and five other insecticides on phytoseiulus persimilis (acari: phytoseiidae), amblyseius fallacis (acari: phytoseiidae) and nymphs of orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | a laboratory study assessed the contact toxicity of indoxacarb, abamectin, endosulfan, insecticidal soap, s-kinoprene and dimethoate to amblyseius fallacis (garman), phytoseiulus persimilis athias-henriot and nymphs of orius insidiosus (say). amblyseius fallacis is a predacious phytoseiid mite and an integral part of integrated pest management (ipm) programmes in north american apple orchards. the other two beneficials are widely used in greenhouses to manage various arthropod pests infesting ve ... | 2006 | 16493722 |
| effect of corn hybrids expressing the coleopteran-specific cry3bb1 protein for corn rootworm control on aboveground insect predators. | field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) corn, zea mays l. (yieldgard rootworm), expressing the cry3bb1 protein on aboveground nontarget insect predators (minute pirate bug, ladybird beetles, and carabids). visual counts of adult and immature orius insidiosus (say), coleomegilla maculata (degeer), hippodamia convergens gurin-meneville, and scymnus spp. occurring in bt corn and its non-bt isoline were made at manhattan, ks, in 2 ... | 2006 | 16937659 |
| predators exert top-down control of soybean aphid across a gradient of agricultural management systems. | the discovery of soybean aphid, aphis glycines matusumura, in north america in 2000 provided the opportunity to investigate the relative strength of top-down and bottom-up forces in regulating populations of this new invasive herbivore. at the kellogg biological station long term ecological research site in agroecology, we contrasted a. glycines establishment and population growth under three agricultural production systems that differed markedly in disturbance and fertility regimes. agricultura ... | 2006 | 16937822 |
| interactions of bacillus thuringiensis cry1ac toxin in genetically engineered cotton with predatory heteropterans. | a number of cotton varieties have been genetically transformed with genes from bacillus thuringiensis (bt) to continuously produce bt endotoxins, offering whole plant and season-long protection against many lepidopteran larvae. constant whole-plant toxin expression creates a significant opportunity for non-target herbivores to acquire and bio-accumulate the toxin for higher trophic levels. in the present study we investigated movement of cry1ac toxin from the transgenic cotton plant through spec ... | 2008 | 17570072 |
| tracking the role of alternative prey in soybean aphid predation by orius insidiosus: a molecular approach. | the soybean aphid, aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae), is a pest of soybeans in asia, and in recent years has caused extensive damage to soybeans in north america. within these agroecosystems, generalist predators form an important component of the assemblage of natural enemies, and can exert significant pressure on prey populations. these food webs are complex and molecular gut-content analyses offer nondisruptive approaches for examining trophic linkages in the field. we describe the develo ... | 2007 | 17784913 |
| population dynamics of soybean aphid and biotic mortality at the edge of its range. | the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, was introduced to north central north america from asia in 2000, and it has become a major pest of soybean, glycine max (l.) merr. understanding how natural enemies impact aphid populations in the field is an important component in developing a comprehensive management plan. we examined the impact of naturally occurring predators in the field by using exclusion cages during july-august 2004 and 2005. field cages of different mesh diameters were used t ... | 2007 | 17849879 |
| assessing the risk to nontarget organisms from bt corn resistant to corn rootworms (coleoptera: chrysomelidae): tier-i testing with orius insidiosus (heteroptera: anthocoridae). | a 14-d continuous dietary exposure bioassay using nymphs of the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) (heteroptera: anthocoridae), was conducted to assess nontarget impacts of genetically modified corn event mon 863 expressing the cry3bb1 protein for management of corn rootworms, diabrotica spp. (coleoptera: chrysomelidae). nymphs of o. insidiosus were continuously fed a bee pollen diet inoculated with a maximum hazard exposure dose (930 microg/g of diet) of the cry3bb1 protein for 14 d. ... | 2008 | 18559191 |
| voracity and prey preference of insidious flower bug (hemiptera: anthocoridae) for immature stages of soybean aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) and soybean thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae). | the generalist predator, orius insidiosus (say), is an important natural enemy of the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura. soybean thrips, neohydatothrips variabilis (beach), serve as an important prey resource for o. insidiosus in soybeans, sustaining the predator's population before the arrival of the soybean aphid. although generalist predators can forage on a broad range of prey, they may show distinct preferences for particular prey, attacking prey at levels disproportionate to their re ... | 2008 | 18801262 |
| potential of an alternative prey to disrupt predation of the generalist predator, orius insidiosus, on the pest aphid, aphis glycines, via short-term indirect interactions. | generalist insect predators can significantly impact the dynamics of pest populations; and, using alternative prey, they can rapidly establish in disturbed agroecosystems. however, indirect interactions between prey can occur, leading to either increased or decreased predation on focal prey. the present paper demonstrates how alternative prey can disrupt predation by the hemipteran orius insidiosus on the soybean aphid aphis glycines via short-term indirect interactions. we used laboratory micro ... | 2008 | 18845007 |
| effect of ant attendance by monomorium minimum (buckley) (hymenoptera: formicidae) on predation and parasitism of the soybean aphid aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae). | ant attendance is known to affect the population dynamics of aphids and may increase or decrease aphid populations through stimulation, predation, or protection. in this study, we performed a series of laboratory experiments to examine the effects of ant attendance on populations of the soybean aphid aphis glycines. aphid colonies were exposed to the predators harmonia axyridis (coccinellidae) and orius insidiosus (anthocoridae) and a parasitoid aphidius colemani (aphidiidae) in the presence and ... | 2008 | 19036205 |
| flower-inhabiting frankliniella thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae), pesticides, and fusarium hardlock in cotton. | cotton hardlock caused by fusarium verticillioides (sacc. nirenberg) can reduce cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., yields > 70% in the southeastern united states. the spores infect flowers on the day of pollination, resulting in hardlock, which is the failure of the fiber to fluff as the boll opens at maturity. frankliniella spp. thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) inhabiting the flowers are hypothesized to increase hardlock by spreading the conidia or by creating entranceways for the germinating fusar ... | 2009 | 19610399 |
| predatory potential of geocoris spp. and orius insidiosus on fall armyworm in resistant and susceptible turf. | predatory potential and performance of the predaceous heteropterans, geocoris punctipes (say), g. uliginosus (say) (geocoridae), and orius insidiosus (say) (anthocoridae), were evaluated using fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), as prey on different turfgrass taxa (resistant zoysiagrasses, 'cavalier' and 'palisades'; moderately resistant bermuda grass, 'tifsport'; and susceptible seashore paspalum, 'sea isle 1') through laboratory and field studies. when background mortality was ... | 2009 | 19610431 |
| population growth of soybean aphid, aphis glycines, under varying levels of predator exclusion. | although soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura (hemiptera: aphididae), has caused economic damage in several midwestern states, growers in missouri have experienced relatively minor damage. to evaluate whether existing predatory insect populations are capable of suppressing or preventing soybean aphid population growth or establishment in missouri, a predator exclusion study was conducted to gauge the efficacy of predator populations. three levels of predator exclusion were used; one that excl ... | 2010 | 21073344 |
| Compatibility of two systemic neonicotinoids, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, with various natural enemies of agricultural pests. | Two systemic neonicotinoids, imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, are widely used for residual control of several insect pests in cotton (Gossypium spp.), vegetables, and citrus (Citrus spp.). We evaluated their impact on six species of beneficial arthropods, including four parasitoid species--Aphytis melinus Debach, Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault, Eretmocerus eremicus Rose & Zolnerowich, and Encarsia formosa Gahan--and two generalist predators--Geocoris punctipes (Say) and Orius insidiosus (Say)--in th ... | 2011 | 21735893 |
| survival of three commercially available natural enemies exposed to michigan wildflowers. | flowering plants are often used in habitat management programs to conserve the arthropod natural enemies of insect pests. in this study, nine species of flowering plants representing six families commonly found in north america east of the rocky mountains were evaluated based on how much they extended the lifespans of three commercially available natural enemy species in cages with cut flower stems compared with cages containing water only. the natural enemies used in the experiments were a lady ... | 2011 | 22251728 |
| the response of natural enemies to selective insecticides applied to soybean. | natural enemies of the invasive pest aphis glycines matsumura can prevent its establishment and population growth. however, current a. glycines management practices include the application of broad-spectrum insecticides that affect pests and natural enemies that are present in the field at the time of application. an alternative is the use of selective insecticides that affect the targeted pest species, although having a reduced impact on the natural enemies. we tested the effects of esfenvalera ... | 2012 | 23321105 |
| effects of bt cotton on thrips tabaci (thysanoptera: thripidae) and its predator, orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | laboratory studies were conducted to investigate tritrophic transfer of insecticidal cry proteins from transgenic cotton to an herbivore and its predator, and to examine effects of these proteins on the predator's development, survival, and reproduction. cry1ac and cry2ab proteins from the bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) produced in bollgard-ii (bg-ii, event 15985) cotton plants were acquired by thrips tabaci lindeman (thysanoptera: thripidae), an important sucking pest of cotton, and its ... | 2014 | 25026649 |
| using resistant prey demonstrates that bt plants producing cry1ac, cry2ab, and cry1f have no negative effects on geocoris punctipes and orius insidiosus. | geocoris punctipes (say) and orius insidiosus (say) are generalist predators found in a wide range of crops, including cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) and maize (zea mays l.), where they provide important biological control services by feeding on an array of pests, including eggs and small larvae of caterpillars. a high percentage of cotton and maize in the united states and several other countries are transgenic cultivars that produce one or more of the insecticidal cry proteins of bacillus thur ... | 2014 | 24472212 |
| predator-prey relationships on apiaceae at an organic farm. | orius insidiosus (say) and o. pumilio (champion) were confirmed to be sympatric in north central florida as the major predators of the florida flower thrips, frankliniella bispinosa (morgan), on flowers of queen anne's lace, daucus carota l. and false queen anne's lace, ammi majus l. f. bispinosa was the predominant thrips observed on both flowers but colonized d. carota to a greater extent and earlier in the season than a. majus. despite differences in the abundance of f. bispinosa on the two p ... | 2012 | 22732606 |
| development and survival of orius insidiosus (say) nymphs on encapsulated bee pollen-based diet in a tier-i toxicity assay. | the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) (heteroptera: anthocoridae) is an important surrogate species for assessing potential effects of plant-incorporated protectants (pips) on nontarget heterotrophic predators. in this study, a continuous dietary exposure system was optimized by assessing the effect of diet composition and age on the survival and development of nymphs of o. insidiosus. greater than 85% control survival and an acceptable rate of development from nymph hatching to adult ... | 2011 | 22217780 |
| development of tier-i toxicity assays for orius insidiosus (heteroptera: anthocoridae) for assessing the risk of plant-incorporated protectants to nontarget heteropterans. | a 13-d continuous dietary exposure bioassay using nymphs of the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) (heteroptera: anthocoridae), was developed to assess the potential dietary effects of insecticidal substances that have little or no contact toxicity. the nymphs were fed a bee pollen diet treated with different concentrations of an inorganic stomach poison, potassium arsenate, and a cysteine protease inhibitor, e-64. the results showed that the test system was capable of detecting the di ... | 2007 | 17716490 |
| toxicity of three acaricides to tetranychus urticae (tetranychidae: acari) and orius insidiosus (anthocoridae: hemiptera). | management for twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch, populations in peanut, arachis hypogaea l., relies on acaricides. the outcomes of acaricide applications are most predictable when complete information on their toxicity and specificity is available. specifically, the degrees to which acaricides impact different stages of t. urticae and natural enemies combined determine the overall efficacy of an acaricide application. the objectives of this study were to determine stage-specific ... | 2006 | 16573323 |
| [toxicity of pesticides used in chrysanthemum crops to eggs and nymphs of orius insidiosus (say) (hemiptera: anthocoridae)]. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of some pesticides used in chrysanthemum crops to eggs and nymphs of orius insidiosus (say). the bioassays were carried out at 25 +/- 2 degrees c, 70 +/- 10% rh and 12h photophase. for the tests with eggs, stems of bidens pilosa l. previously exposed to predator oviposition were dipped for five seconds in aqueous dilution of the pesticides, using 40 eggs per treatment. the pesticides were applied on nymphs using a potter's tower. forty fir ... | 2007 | 17352073 |
| variation within and between frankliniella thrips species in host plant utilization. | anthophilous flower thrips in the genus frankliniella (thysanoptera: thripidae) exploit ephemeral plant resources and therefore must be capable of successfully locating appropriate hosts on a repeated basis, yet little is known of interspecific and intraspecific variation in responses to host plant type and nutritional quality. field trials were conducted over two seasons to determine if the abundance of males and females of three common frankliniella species, f. occidentalis (pergande), f. trit ... | 2011 | 21539418 |
| comparison of relative bias, precision, and efficiency of sampling methods for natural enemies of soybean aphid (hemiptera: aphididae). | generalist natural enemies play an important role in controlling soybean aphid, aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae), in north america. several sampling methods are used to monitor natural enemy populations in soybean, but there has been little work investigating their relative bias, precision, and efficiency. we compare five sampling methods: quadrats, whole-plant counts, sweep-netting, walking transects, and yellow sticky cards to determine the most practical methods for sampling the three mo ... | 2015 | 26470267 |
| incorporating natural enemy units into a dynamic action threshold for the soybean aphid, aphis glycines (homoptera: aphididae). | recommended action thresholds for soybean aphid, aphis glycines, do not adjust for natural enemy impact, although natural enemies contribute important biological control services. because individual natural enemy species have varied impacts on pest population dynamics, incorporating the impact of a diverse predator guild into an action threshold can be cumbersome. | 2014 | 24214819 |
| effects of intercropping with flowering plants on predation of ostrinia nubilalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) eggs by generalist predators in bell peppers. | bell pepper plots intercropped with flowering plants were measured for improving biological control provided by natural enemies of the european corn borer [ostrinia nubilalis (hübner)]. the intercropped plants dill, anethum graveolens l.; coriander, coriandrum sativum l.; and buckwheat, fagopyrum escuelentum moench; were established on the edge of two pepper plots and compared with nonintercropped control plots. predation by the three species orius insidiosus say; coleomegilla maculata degeer; a ... | 2012 | 22732620 |
| population dynamics of empoasca fabae (hemiptera: cicadellidae) in central iowa alfalfa fields. | adults and nymphs of empoasca fabae harris (hemiptera: cicadellidae) and adults of predatory species in the families coccinellidae, anthocoridae, nabidae, chrysopidae, and hemerobiidae were sampled in iowa alfalfa fields from june to september in 1999 and 2000. the relationship between each predatory taxa and e. fabae was examined using regression analysis. in 2000, all predators were found to be positively correlated with the presence of e. fabae during all periods sampled and most likely contr ... | 2015 | 26320260 |
| indigenous aphid predators show high levels of preadaptation to a novel prey, melanaphis sacchari (hemiptera: aphididae). | the performance of four aphid predators, hippodamia convergens guerin-meneville, coleomegilla maculata degeer, chrysoperla carnea stephens and orius insidiosus say was compared on three prey species: schizaphis graminum rondani, melanaphis sacchari (zehntner), and ephestia kuehniella zeller eggs. species predatory in both life stages (all except ch. carnea) were reared on e. kuehniella eggs and switched to aphid prey for assessment of reproduction. differences were greater between the e. kuehnie ... | 2015 | 26470381 |
| natural enemies of the frankliniella complex species (thysanoptera: thripidae) in ataulfo mango agroecosystems. | a field survey was conducted in ataulfo mango (mangifera indica l.) orchards in chiapas, mexico, with the objective of determining the natural enemies of the frankliniella complex species (thysanoptera: thripidae). seven species of this genus feed and reproduce in large numbers during the mango flowering. two representative orchards were selected: the orchard "tres a" characterized by an intensive use of agrochemicals directed against thrips, and the orchard "la escondida" that did not spray ins ... | 2015 | 26246440 |
| direct and indirect effects of pesticides on the insidious flower bug (hemiptera: anthocoridae) under laboratory conditions. | greenhouse producers are interested in integrating natural enemies along with pesticides to suppress western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), populations. the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say), is a commercially available natural enemy of western flower thrips. we conducted a series of laboratory experiments to determine the direct and indirect effects of 28 pesticides (insecticides, miticides, and fungicides), 4 pesticide mixtures, and 4 surfactants (36 total tre ... | 2017 | 28444217 |
| evaluation of a push-pull strategy for the management of frankliniella bispinosa (thysanoptera: thripidae) in bell peppers. | a push-pull strategy for managing the anthophilous frankliniella bispinosa (morgan) in pepper and increasing conservation biological control was evaluated. push components of ultraviolet (uv)-reflective mulch and foliar applications of kaolin and the pull component of sunflower companion plants were evaluated in replicated field experiments in 2011 and 2012. adult f. bispinosa rapidly colonized and reproduced in the peppers and sunflowers during early flowering, but populations declined later, a ... | 2014 | 25199151 |
| relative toxicity and residual activity of insecticides used in blueberry pest management: mortality of natural enemies. | a series of bioassays were conducted to determine the relative toxicities and residual activities of insecticides labeled for use in blueberry (vaccinium corymbosum l.) on natural enemies, to identify products with low toxicity or short duration effects on biological control agents. in total, 14 insecticides were evaluated using treated petri dishes and four commercially available natural enemies (aphidius colemani viereck, orius insidiosus [say], chrysoperla rufilabris [burmeister], and hippoda ... | 2014 | 24665711 |
| host plant manipulation of natural enemies: leaf domatia protect beneficial mites from insect predators. | acarodomatia are small tufts of hair or invaginations in the leaf surface and are frequently inhabited by several taxa of non-plant-feeding mites. for many years, ecologists have hypothesized that these structures represent a mutualistic association between mites and plants where the mites benefit the plant by reducing densities of phytophagous arthropods and epiphytic microorganisms, and domatia benefit the mite by providing protection from stressful environmental conditions, other predaceous a ... | 2001 | 28547239 |
| survey of predators and sampling method comparison in sweet corn. | natural predation is an important component of integrated pest management that is often overlooked because it is difficult to quantify and perceived to be unreliable. to begin incorporating natural predation into sweet corn, zea mays l., pest management, a predator survey was conducted and then three sampling methods were compared for their ability to accurately monitor the most abundant predators. a predator survey on sweet corn foliage in new york between 1999 and 2001 identified 13 species. o ... | 2004 | 14998137 |
| bt sweet corn and selective insecticides: impacts on pests and predators. | sweet corn, zea mays l., is attacked by a variety of insect pests that can cause severe losses to the producer. current control practices are largely limited to the application of broad-spectrum insecticides that can have a substantial and deleterious impact on the natural enemy complex. predators have been shown to provide partial control of sweet corn pests when not killed by broad-spectrum insecticides. new products that specifically target the pest species, while being relatively benign to o ... | 2003 | 12650347 |
| thiamethoxam toxicity and effects on consumption behavior in orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) on soybean. | neonicotinoid residues can be present in soybean vegetative tissue, prey insects, and flower tissues, possibly making them toxic to pollinators and natural enemies. baseline information on the toxicity of neonicotinoids to beneficial insects other than pollinators through multiple routes of insecticide exposure is limited. the objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the toxicity of thiamethoxam to the hemipteran predator, orius insidiosus say, exposed to residues through treated vegetative ... | 2017 | 28369319 |
| spatial patterns and sequential sampling plans for predators of aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae) in minnesota soybean. | the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, is an economically important soybean pest. many studies have demonstrated that predatory insects are important in suppressing a. glycines population growth. however, to improve the utilization of predators in a. glycines management, sampling plans need to be developed and validated for predators. aphid predators were sampled in soybean fields near rosemount, minnesota, from 2006-2007 and 2013-2015 with sample sizes of 20-80 plants. sampling plans were ... | 2017 | 28334264 |
| potential for sulfoxaflor to improve conservation biological control of aphis glycines (hemiptera: aphididae) in soybean. | soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, is one of the most important insect pests of soybean in the north central united states. management of a. glycines currently relies on applications of broad-spectrum insecticides. however, broad-spectrum insecticides can negatively impact the natural enemies associated with aphids. selective insecticides, on the other hand, are promising control tactics for reducing the negative impact of insecticide applications. here, we compared the effects of sulfoxaf ... | 2016 | 27535848 |
| comparative toxicities of newer and conventional insecticides: against four generalist predator species. | generalist insect predators play an essential role in regulating the populations of bemisia tabaci and other pests in agricultural systems, but may be affected negatively by insecticides applied for pest management. evaluation of insecticide compatibility with specific predator species can provide a basis for making treatment decisions with the aim of conserving natural enemies. eleven insecticides representing six modes of action groups were evaluated for toxicity against four predator species ... | 2017 | 29029090 |
| predation of the newly invasive pest megacopta cribraria (hemiptera: plataspidae) in soybean habitats adjacent to cotton by a complex of predators. | the kudzu bug, megacopta cribraria (f.) (hemiptera: plataspidae),is a newly invasive exotic insect found primarily on kudzu, but also on soybean, in the southeastern united states. we used molecular gut-content analysis to document predation on this pest by insects and spiders in soybean, and to detect remains of crop-specific alternative prey in predators' guts as markers of predator migration between soybean and adjacent cotton. m. cribraria was found exclusively on soybean. eight native gener ... | 2014 | 25026652 |
| population dynamics of frankliniella bispinosa (thysanoptera: thripidae) and the predator orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) as influenced by flower color of lagerstroemia (lythraceae). | crapemyrtle is a common landscape planting that is a resource subsidy for beneficial insects. field studies were conducted to determine the influence of crapemyrtle flower color on the population abundances and predator-prey dynamics of the herbivorous frankliniella species and the predator orius insidiosus. adults and immatures of predator and prey were highly anthophilous, preferring white 'acoma' flowers compared with lavender 'apalachee', red 'carolina beauty', and pink 'choctaw'. the predat ... | 2015 | 26313973 |
| effects of pesticides on the survival of rove beetle (coleoptera: staphylinidae) and insidious flower bug (hemiptera: anthocoridae) adults. | this study determined the direct, indirect, or both effects of pesticides on the rove beetle, dalotia coriaria (kraatz) (coleoptera: staphylinidae), and the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) (hemiptera: anthocoridae). the pesticides evaluated were capsicum oleoresin extract, garlic oil, and soybean oil; cyantraniliprole; flupyradifurone; gs-omega/kappa-hxtx-hv1; isaria fumosorosea; tolfenpyrad; pyrethrins; and spinosad. one experiment was conducted in a greenhouse with rove beetle adu ... | 2017 | 29202189 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of insecticide residues on orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae) and geocoris punctipes (hemiptera: lygaeidae). | laboratory-reared predators, the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say), and big-eyed bug geocoris punctipes (say), were exposed to 10 insecticides, including three newer insecticides with novel modes of action, using a residual insecticide bioassay. these species are important predators of several economic pests of cotton. insecticides tested were: azinphos-methyl, imidacloprid, spinosad, tebufenozide, fipronil, endosulfan, chlorfenapyr, cyfluthrin, profenofos, and malathion. there was co ... | 2001 | 11233133 |
| toxicity of three aphicides to the generalist predators chrysoperla carnea (neuroptera: chrysopidae) and orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | recent widespread infestations of the invasive sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari (zehntner) (hemiptera: aphididae), in sorghum fields in the southern usa have created demand for insecticides that will provide effective control of sugarcane aphid, while conserving those beneficial species that contribute to biological control of the pest. we tested the susceptibility of both adult and immature stages of two aphid predators, the green lacewing, chrysoperla carnea (stephens) (neuroptera: chrysop ... | 2017 | 28357620 |
| characterization of the activity spectrum of mon 88702 and the plant-incorporated protectant cry51aa2.834_16. | the spectrum of insecticidal activity of cry51aa2.834_16 protein targeting hemipteran and thysanopteran insect pests in cotton was characterized by selecting and screening multiple pest and non-pest species, based on representation of ecological functional groups, taxonomic relatedness (e.g. relationship to species where activity was observed), and availability for effective testing. seven invertebrate orders, comprising 12 families and 17 representative species were screened for susceptibility ... | 2017 | 28072875 |
| lethal and sublethal effects of seven insecticides on three beneficial insects in laboratory assays and field trials. | lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on target and non-target arthropods are a concern of pest management programs. cycloneda sanguinea, orius insidiosus and chauliognathus flavipes are important biological control agents for aphids, whitefly, lepidopterus eggs, thrips and mites. all three test species were subjected to a toxicity study using the insecticides acephate, bifenthrin, chlorantraniliprole, chlorpyrifos, deltamethrin, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam. experiments were done in the ... | 2016 | 27160634 |
| toxicity of insecticides on various life stages of two tortricid pests of cranberries and on a non-target predator. | laboratory and extended laboratory bioassays were conducted to determine the residual toxicities of various insecticides against two key pests of cranberries, sparganothis sulfureana and choristoneura parallela (lepidoptera: tortricidae), and their non-target effects on the predatory orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). the effects of nine insecticides with different modes of action on s. sulfureana and ch. parallela eggs, larvae, and adults were tested in the laboratory, while the effica ... | 2016 | 27092527 |
| mowing mitigates bioactivity of neonicotinoid insecticides in nectar of flowering lawn weeds and turfgrass guttation. | systemic neonicotinoid insecticides are used to control turfgrass insect pests. the authors tested their transference into nectar of flowering lawn weeds or grass guttation droplets, which, if high enough, could be hazardous to bees or other insects that feed on such exudates. the authors applied imidacloprid or clothianidin to turf with white clover, followed by irrigation, and used liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms) to analyze residues in clover blooms that were directly ... | 2015 | 25319809 |
| mi-1.2, an r gene for aphid resistance in tomato, has direct negative effects on a zoophytophagous biocontrol agent, orius insidiosus. | mi-1.2 is a single dominant gene in tomato that confers race-specific resistance against certain phloem-feeding herbivores including aphids, whiteflies, psyllids, and root-knot nematodes. few prior studies have considered the potential non-target effects of race-specific resistance genes (r genes), and this paper evaluates the compatibility of mi-mediated resistance in tomato with a beneficial zoophytophagous predator, orius insidiosus (say). in addition to preying on aphids and other pests, thi ... | 2015 | 25189594 |
| non-target effects of two sunflower seed treatments on orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | systemic insecticides used as seed treatments are generally considered to be safe for natural enemies. however, predatory insects may feed directly on plants or use plant products to supplement their diet. this study examined whether chlorantraniliprole or thiamethoxam might negatively impact orius insidiosus (say) (hemiptera: anthocoridae) when bugs utilize sunflowers grown from treated seed. | 2015 | 24729352 |
| toxicity and sublethal effects of seven insecticides to eggs of the flower bug orius insidiosus (say) (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | the predatory bug orius insidiosus is an important biological control agent of several insect pests, and is one of the most commonly used species in biological control programs worldwide. this study assessed the lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on this species through life table, and classified the insecticides according to the definitions of toxicity given by the international organization for biological and integrated control of noxious animals and plants (iobc). a bioassay was car ... | 2013 | 23481303 |
| identity of two sympatric species of orius (hemiptera: heteroptera: anthocoridae). | the minute pirate bugs, orius insidiosus (say) and orius pumilio (champion) (hemiptera: heteroptera: anthocoridae), are closely related species known to be sympatric in north florida. here, male and female genitalia, dna sequences, and the effects of within- and between-species pairings on egg production and egg development were examined to develop a better understanding of the relationship between these two species. interspecific matings between the two species did not result in viable progeny. ... | 2010 | 21265614 |
| effect of reduced risk pesticides on greenhouse vegetable arthropod biological control agents. | arthropod biological control agents (bcas) are commonly released for greenhouse vegetable insect pest management. nevertheless, chemicals remain a necessary control tactic for certain insect pests and diseases and they can have negative impacts on bcas. the compatibility of some formulated reduced risk insecticides (abamectin, metaflumizone and chlorantraniliprole) and fungicides (myclobutanil, potassium bicarbonate and cyprodinil + fludioxonil) used, or with promise for use, in canadian greenho ... | 2011 | 21162147 |
| differential attractiveness of potato tuber volatiles to phthorimaea operculella (gelechiidae) and the predator orius insidiosus (anthocoridae). | the behavioral responses of the potato tuberworm moth phthorimaea operculella and the polyphagous predator orius insidiosus to volatiles emanating from exposed tubers were studied by four-arm olfactometer bioassays. mated females of p. operculella distinguished volatiles released by intact potato tubers from volatiles damaged mechanically or by conspecific larvae. volatiles from intact potato tubers were attractive to them. on the other hand, unmated females of p. operculella did not respond to ... | 2007 | 17885793 |
| semiochemical investigations of the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say). | females of the insidious flower bug, orius insidiosus (say) (hemiptera: heteroptera: anthocoridae), produce a volatile sex pheromone and a non-volatile trail pheromone. the sex pheromone consists of the female-specific compound, (e)-2,7-octadienal, and a compound emitted by both sexes, (e)-2-octenal. a synthetic blend of octadienal and octenal weakly, but significantly, attracted o. insidiosus males to sticky traps in the field. the trail pheromone is somehow deposited by o. insidiosus females o ... | 2007 | 17597342 |
| ipm-compatibility of foliar insecticides for citrus: indices derived from toxicity to beneficial insects from four orders. | a series of compounds representing four major pesticide groups were tested for toxicity to beneficial insects representing four different insect orders: coleoptera (coccinellidae), hemiptera (anthocoridae), hymenoptera (aphelinidae), and neuroptera (chrysopidae). these materials included organophosphates (methidathion, esfenvalerate and phosmet), carbamates (carbofuran, methomyl and carbaryl), pyrethroids (bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyfluthrin and permethrin) and the oxadiazin ... | 2003 | 15841234 |
| yolk protein immunoassays (yp-elisa) to assess diet and reproductive quality of mass-reared orius insidiosus (heteroptera: anthocoridae). | a yolk protein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (yp-elisa) was developed for the predator orius insidiosus (say). the yp-elisa is intended to assess reproductive response to dietary and other rearing conditions, and to assist in quality control and diet development for mass rearing. hybridomas and monoclonal antibodies were produced against homogenates of eggs dissected from females. hybridomas were selected for secretion of igg that reacted with extracts of both females and their eggs, and tha ... | 2002 | 12403418 |
| effect of insecticides used in corn, sorghum, and alfalfa on the predator orius insidiosus (hemiptera: anthocoridae). | orius insidoisus (say) is an important predator in corn, sorghum, and alfalfa. foliar insecticides commonly used on corn (permethrin, bifenthrin, and fipronil); sorghum (chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, dimethoate, and cyfluthrin); and both crops (a-cyhalothrin and ethyl parathion) were evaluated in 1998 and 1999 for their residual effects on o. insidiosus by caging adults on treated plants at several time intervals: at application (day 0) and 2, 3, and 6 d after application. in addition, imidacloprid, ... | 2001 | 11777036 |
| demonstration of amylase from the zoophytophagous anthocorid orius insidiosus. | to better understand facultative phytophagy in the zoophytophagous anthocorid, orius insidiosus, tests for amylase were conducted and the enzyme was partially purified. three activity bands were detected with polyacrylamide-starch gel electrophoretic analysis of amylase in o. insidiosus. the major amylase was found to have a mean isoelectric point (pi) of 4.53. the presence of amylase indicates the ability of o. insidiosus to use starch, a nutrient, derived from plants, either by direct ingestio ... | 2000 | 10897095 |
| feeding and ovipositing on plants by an omnivorous insect predator. | omnivory (i.e., feeding at more than one trophic level) is common in many ecological communities. to date, most studies of omnivory have focused on systems that include omnivores that feed on several prey items, primarily in aquatic systems. yet, many terrestrial insect predators feed not only on prey but also on plants. the difference between systems with plant-feeding omnivores and those with exclusively prey-feeding omnivores calls for special attention. the first step towards understanding t ... | 1996 | 28307085 |