| expression profiles of arabidopsis phospholipase a iia gene in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. | we examined the transcripts that showed changes among the ca.7,000 arabidopsis full-length cdnas under biotic and abiotic stresses. expression of arabidopsis phospholipase a iia (atpla iia) gene was induced by various treatments such as pathogen inoculation (alternaria alternata, alternaria brassicicola and colletotrichum higginsianum), cold, high-salinity, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, ethephon, paraquat, rose bengal, uv-c and cuso(4)-treatments. the regulation of atpla iia g ... | 2003 | 14634163 |
| rch1, a locus in arabidopsis that confers resistance to the hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen colletotrichum higginsianum. | when challenged with the crucifer pathogen colletotrichum higginsianum, arabidopsis thaliana ecotype columbia (col-0) was colonized by the fungus within 2 to 3 days, developing brown necrotic lesions surrounded by a yellow halo. lesions spread from the inoculation site within 3 to 4 days, and subsequently continued to expand until they covered the entire leaf. electron microscopy confirmed that c. higginsianum is a hemibiotroph on arabidopsis, feeding initially on living cells as a biotroph befo ... | 2004 | 15242169 |
| [effects of colletotrichum higginsianum infection on endogenous hormones in brassica parachinensis leaves under different nitrogen nutrition]. | this paper studied the effects of colletotrichum higginsianum infection on the ethylene production and the contents of abscisic acid (aba) and indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) in leaves of flowering chinese cabbage (brassica parachinensis) under six levels of nitrogen (n) nutrition, and their relations to disease-resistance. the results showed that the ethylene production in all n treatments had a mono-peak curve change, and reached the maximum 4-6 days after inoculation. in comparing with high n or n ... | 2005 | 16110672 |
| endophytic fungi from leaves of centella asiatica: occurrence and potential interactions within leaves. | fungal endophytes were isolated from leaves of centella asiatica (apiaceae) collected at mangoro (middle eastern region of madagascar, 200 km from antananarivo). forty- five different taxa were recovered. the overall foliar colonization rate was 78%. the most common endophytes were the non-sporulating species 1 (isolation frequency if 19.2%) followed by colletotrichum sp.1 (if 13.2%), guignardia sp. (if 8.5%), glomerella sp. (if 7.7%), an unidentified ascomycete (if 7.2%), the non-sporulating sp ... | 2008 | 17610142 |
| identification of soluble secreted proteins from appressoria of colletotrichum higginsianum by analysis of expressed sequence tags. | the hemibiotrophic ascomycete colletotrichum higginsianum causes anthracnose disease on brassica crops and the model plant arabidopsis. melanized appressoria pierce the host cuticle and cell wall to form specialized biotrophic hyphae inside living epidermal cells. to identify proteins secreted by appressoria that may function as virulence effectors, a cdna library was prepared from mature appressoria formed in vitro. bidirectional sequencing of 980 clones generated 1442 high-quality expressed se ... | 2008 | 18375813 |
| glycerol-3-phosphate levels are associated with basal resistance to the hemibiotrophic fungus colletotrichum higginsianum in arabidopsis. | glycerol-3-phosphate (g3p) is an important component of carbohydrate and lipid metabolic processes. in this article, we provide evidence that g3p levels in plants are associated with defense to a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen colletotrichum higginsianum. inoculation of arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) with c. higginsianum was correlated with an increase in g3p levels and a concomitant decrease in glycerol levels in the host. plants impaired in utilization of plastidial g3p (act1) accumulated ... | 2008 | 18567828 |
| [effects of silicon on flowering chinese cabbage's anthracnose occurence, flower stalk formation, and silicon uptake and accumulation]. | different concentrations of silicon (si) were applied to flowering chinese cabbbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. chinensis var. utilis tsen et lee) to study their effects on the flowering chinese cabbage's anthracnose occurrence, flower stalk formation, and si uptake and accumulation. the results indicated that si could obviously control the occurrence of anthracnose, and the effect was genotype-dependant. the plants of susceptible cultivar applied with 2.5 mmol l(-1) si and those of resistant c ... | 2008 | 18655585 |
| discovery of pathogenicity genes in the crucifer anthracnose fungus colletotrichum higginsianum, using random insertional mutagenesis. | agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) was used for random insertional mutagenesis to identify pathogenicity genes in the hemibiotrophic fungus colletotrichum higginsianum. a high-throughput primary infection assay on arabidopsis thaliana seedlings allowed the rapid screening of 8,850 transformants. forty mutants showing reproducible pathogenicity defects on arabidopsis and brassica plants were obtained, and their infection phenotypes were characterized microscopically. six mut ... | 2009 | 19132867 |
| flow cytometric purification of colletotrichum higginsianum biotrophic hyphae from arabidopsis leaves for stage-specific transcriptome analysis. | generation of stage-specific cdna libraries is a powerful approach to identify pathogen genes that are differentially expressed during plant infection. biotrophic pathogens develop specialized infection structures inside living plant cells, but sampling the transcriptome of these structures is problematic due to the low ratio of fungal to plant rna, and the lack of efficient methods to isolate them from infected plants. here we established a method, based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting ( ... | 2009 | 19392696 |
| rrs1 and rps4 provide a dual resistance-gene system against fungal and bacterial pathogens. | colletotrichum higginsianum is a fungal pathogen that infects a wide variety of cruciferous plants, causing important crop losses. we have used map-based cloning and natural variation analysis of 19 arabidopsis ecotypes to identify a dominant resistance locus against c. higginsianum. this locus named rch2 (for recognition of c. higginsianum) maps in an extensive cluster of disease-resistance loci known as mrc-j in the arabidopsis ecotype ws-0. by analyzing natural variations within the mrc-j reg ... | 2009 | 19519800 |
| dual trypan-aniline blue fluorescence staining methods for studying fungus-plant interactions. | understanding the infection biology of fungi is the key step in devising suitable control strategies for plant diseases. recently, the arabidopsis-colletotrichum higginsianum (causal agent of anthracnose) system has emerged as a seminal paradigm for deciphering the infection biology underlying fungus-plant interactions. we describe here three staining methods coupled with confocal microscopy: trypan blue, aniline blue and dual trypan blue-aniline blue fluorescence staining. trypan blue and anili ... | 2010 | 19669979 |
| a locus conferring resistance to colletotrichum higginsianum is shared by four geographically distinct arabidopsis accessions. | colletotrichum higginsianum is a hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen that causes anthracnose disease on arabidopsis and other crucifer hosts. by exploiting natural variation in arabidopsis we identified a resistance locus that is shared by four geographically distinct accessions (ws-0, kondara, gifu-2 and can-0). a combination of quantitative trait loci (qtl) and mendelian mapping positioned this locus within the major recognition gene complex mrc-j on chromosome 5 containing the toll-interleukin-1 r ... | 2009 | 19686535 |
| the common metabolite glycerol-3-phosphate is a novel regulator of plant defense signaling. | conversion of glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate (g3p) is one of the highly conserved steps of glycerol metabolism in evolutionary diverse organisms. in plants, g3p is produced either via the glycerol kinase (gk)-mediated phosphorylation of glycerol, or via g3p dehydrogenase (g3pdh)-mediated reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (dhap). we have recently shown that g3p levels contribute to basal resistance against the hemibiotrophic pathogen, colletotrichum higginsianum. since a mutation in the g ... | 2009 | 19820353 |
| a dual resistance gene system prevents infection by three distinct pathogens. | colletotrichum higginsianum causes typical anthracnose lesions on the leaves, petioles, and stems of cruciferous plants. inoculation of arabidopsis thaliana ecotype columbia leaves with c. higginsianum results in fungal growth and disease symptoms reminiscent of those induced in other cruciferous plants. we performed map-based cloning and natural variation analysis of 19 a. thaliana ecotypes to identify a dominant resistance locus against c. higginsianum. we found that the a. thaliana rch2 (for ... | 2009 | 19826224 |
| development of an efficient gene targeting system in colletotrichum higginsianum using a non-homologous end-joining mutant and agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer. | the hemibiotrophic ascomycete colletotrichum higginsianum is the casual agent of anthracnose disease of cruciferous plants. high efficiency transformation by agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer has been established for this fungus. however, targeted gene mutagenesis through homologous recombination rarely occurs in c. higginsianum. we have identified and disrupted the c. higginsianum homologue of the human ku70 gene, chku70, which encodes a protein that plays a role in non-homologou ... | 2010 | 20853009 |
| screening for resistance against pseudomonas syringae in rice-fox arabidopsis lines identified a putative receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase gene that confers resistance to major bacterial and fungal pathogens in arabidopsis and rice. | approximately 20,000 of the rice-fox arabidopsis transgenic lines, which overexpress 13,000 rice full-length cdnas at random in arabidopsis, were screened for bacterial disease resistance by dip inoculation with pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 (pst dc3000). the identities of the overexpressed genes were determined in 72 lines that showed consistent resistance after three independent screens. pst dc3000 resistance was verified for 19 genes by characterizing other independent arabidopsis li ... | 2010 | 20955180 |
| isolation of fungal infection structures from plant tissue by flow cytometry for cell-specific transcriptome analysis. | many plant pathogenic fungi differentiate a series of highly specialized infection structures to invade and colonize host tissues. especially at early stages of infection, the ratio of fungal to plant biomass is very low. to investigate cell-specific patterns of gene expression, it is necessary to purify the fungal structures of interest from infected plants. we describe here a method to isolate the biotrophic hyphae of colletotrichum higginsianum from arabidopsis leaves, based on a combination ... | 2011 | 21365480 |
| arabidopsis enhanced disease resistance 1 is required for pathogen-induced expression of plant defensins in nonhost resistance and acts through interference of myc2-mediated repressor function. | arabidopsis thaliana exhibits durable resistance, called nonhost resistance, against non-adapted fungal pathogens that typically terminates pathogen entry. the pen2-dependent indole glucosinolate metabolism pathway is involved in preventing entry of a range of non-adapted fungi. here, we report that enhanced disease resistance 1 (edr1) functions in pre-invasive nonhost resistance. plants lacking edr1 exhibit impaired entry resistance to the non-adapted hemibiotrophic colletotrichum gloeosporioid ... | 2011 | 21605210 |
| overexpression of a resveratrol synthase gene (pcrs) from polygonum cuspidatum in transgenic arabidopsis causes the accumulation of trans-piceid with antifungal activity. | although resveratrol-forming stilbene synthase (sts) genes have been well characterized in many plant species, there are only a few descriptions about sts genes from polygonum cuspidatum sieb. et zucc, an important medicinal crop in asian countries. to evaluate the biological functions of a polygonum cuspidatum resveratrol synthase gene (pcrs), the pcrs gene was expressed in arabidopsis under the control of cauliflower mosaic virus (camv) 35s promoter. integration and expression of transgene in ... | 2011 | 21717185 |
| glycerol-3-phosphate and systemic immunity. | glycerol-3-phosphate (g3p), a conserved three-carbon sugar, is an obligatory component of energy-producing reactions including glycolysis and glycerolipid biosynthesis. g3p can be derived via the glycerol kinase-mediated phosphorylation of glycerol or g3p dehydrogenase (g3pdh)-mediated reduction of dihydroxyacetone phosphate. previously, we showed g3p levels contribute to basal resistance against the hemibiotrophic pathogen, colletotrichum higginsianum. inoculation of arabidopsis with c. higgins ... | 2011 | 22067992 |