| the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi has an active phosphoglycerate mutase: a candidate target for anti-filarial therapies. | phosphoglycerate mutases (pgm) interconvert 2- and 3-phosphoglycerate in the glycolytic and gluconeogenic pathways. a putative cofactor-independent phosphoglycerate mutase gene (ipgm) was identified in the genome sequence of the wolbachia endosymbiont from the filarial nematode, brugia malayi (wbm). since ipgm has no sequence or structural similarity to the cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase (dpgm) found in mammals, it may represent an attractive wolbachia drug target. in the present stu ... | 2009 | 19043737 |
| the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi has an active pyruvate phosphate dikinase. | genome analysis of the glycolytic/gluconeogenic pathway in the wolbachia endosymbiont from the filarial parasite brugia malayi (wbm) has revealed that wbm lacks pyruvate kinase (pk) and may instead utilize the enzyme pyruvate phosphate dikinase (ppdk; atp:pyruvate, orthophosphate phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.9.1). ppdk catalyses the reversible conversion of amp, ppi and phosphoenolpyruvate (pep) into atp, pi and pyruvate. the glycolytic pathway of most organisms, including mammals, contains exclus ... | 2008 | 18539347 |
| immunological evaluation of an rsmd-like rrna methyltransferase from wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi. | wolbachia is a wonderful anti-filarial target with many of its enzymes and surface proteins (wsps) representing potential drug targets and vaccine candidates. here we report on the immunologic response of a drug target, rsmd-like rrna methyltransferase from wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi. the recombinant protein generated both humoral and cell-mediated response in balb/c mice but compromised its immunity. the humoral response was transient and endured barely for six months in mice with ... | 2016 | 26851594 |
| essential proteins and possible therapeutic targets of wolbachia endosymbiont and development of filobase--a comprehensive drug target database for lymphatic filariasis. | lymphatic filariasis (lf) is one of the oldest and most debilitating tropical diseases. millions of people are suffering from this prevalent disease. it is estimated to infect over 120 million people in at least 80 nations of the world through the tropical and subtropical regions. more than one billion people are in danger of getting affected with this life-threatening disease. several studies were suggested its emerging limitations and resistance towards the available drugs and therapeutic targ ... | 2016 | 26806463 |
| wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi elicits a t helper type 17-mediated pro-inflammatory immune response through wolbachia surface protein. | wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium of the filarial nematode brugia malayi. the symbiotic relationship between wolbachia and its filarial host is dependent on interactions between the proteins of both organisms. however, little is known about wolbachia proteins that are involved in the inflammatory pathology of the host during lymphatic filariasis. in the present study, we cloned, expressed and purified wolbachia surface protein (r-wsp) from wolbachia and administered it to mice, either alon ... | 0 | 25059495 |
| homology modeling of nad+-dependent dna ligase of the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi and its drug target potential using dispiro-cycloalkanones. | lymphatic filarial nematodes maintain a mutualistic relationship with the endosymbiont wolbachia. depletion of wolbachia produces profound defects in nematode development, fertility, and viability and thus has great promise as a novel approach for treating filarial diseases. nad(+)-dependent dna ligase is an essential enzyme of dna replication, repair, and recombination. therefore, in the present study, the antifilarial drug target potential of the nad(+)-dependent dna ligase of the wolbachia sy ... | 2015 | 25845868 |
| cloning, expression and characterization of udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) from wolbachia endosymbiont of human lymphatic filarial parasite brugia malayi. | wolbachia, an endosymbiont of filarial nematode, is considered a promising target for treatment of lymphatic filariasis. although functional characterization of the wolbachia peptidoglycan assembly has not been fully explored, the wolbachia genome provides evidence for coding all of the genes involved in lipid ii biosynthesis, a part of peptidoglycan biosynthesis pathway. udp-n-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyl transferase (mura) is one of the lipid ii biosynthesis pathway enzymes and it has inevita ... | 2014 | 24941309 |
| tetracycline treatment targeting wolbachia affects expression of an array of proteins in brugia malayi parasite. | wolbachia is an intracellular endosymbiont of brugia malayi parasite whose presence is essential for the survival of the parasite. treatment of b. malayi-infected jirds with tetracycline eliminates wolbachia, which affects parasite survival and fitness. in the present study we have tried to identify parasite proteins that are affected when wolbachia is targeted by tetracycline. for this wolbachia depleted parasites (b. malayi) were obtained by tetracycline treatment of infected mongolian jirds ( ... | 2009 | 19722191 |
| draft genome sequence of the wolbachia endosymbiont of wuchereria bancrofti wwb. | the draft genome assembly of the wolbachia endosymbiont of wuchereria bancrofti (wwb) consists of 1060 850 bp in 100 contigs and contains 961 orfs, with a single copy of the 5s rrna, 16s rrna and 23s rrna and each of the 34 trna genes. phylogenetic core genome analyses show wwb to cluster with other strains in supergroup d of the wolbachia phylogeny, while being most closely related to the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi strain trs (wbm). the wwb and wbm genomes share 779 orthologous clu ... | 2017 | 29099918 |
| identification of anti-filarial leads against aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase of wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi: combined molecular docking and molecular dynamics approaches. | lymphatic filariasis is a debilitating vector borne parasitic disease that infects human lymphatic system by nematode brugia malayi. currently available anti-filarial drugs are effective only on the larval stages of parasite. so far, no effective drugs are available for humans to treat filarial infections. in this regard, aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asdase) in lysine biosynthetic pathway from wolbachia endosymbiont brugia malayi represents an attractive therapeutic target for the devel ... | 2018 | 29334340 |
| preliminary analysis to target pyruvate phosphate dikinase from wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi for designing anti-filarial agents. | filariasis causing nematode brugia malayi is shown to harbor wolbachia bacteria as symbionts. the sequenced genome of the wolbachia endosymbiont from b.malayi (wbm) offers an unprecedented opportunity to identify new wolbachia drug targets. genome analysis of the glycolytic/gluconeogenic pathway has revealed that wbm lacks pyruvate kinase (pk) and may instead utilize the enzyme pyruvate phosphate dikinase (ppdk; atp: pyruvate, orthophosphate phosphotransferase, ec 2.7.9.1). ppdk catalyses the re ... | 2012 | 22392278 |
| susceptibility of wolbachia, an endosymbiont of brugia malayi microfilariae, to doxycycline determined by quantitative pcr assay. | lymphatic filariasis, caused by filarial nematodes, is a mosquito-borne disease that affects over 120 million people in the tropics and subtropics. the disease is caused mainly by wuchereria bancrofti and brugia malayi. fertile adult female worms release offsprings (microfilariae) into the host blood circulatory system. transmission-blocking agents as well as antimicrobial agents have been used to reduce microfilarial density in human and animal reservoir hosts. doxycycline and rifampicin have a ... | 2012 | 23077805 |
| molecular characterization of an rsmd-like rrna methyltransferase from the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi and antifilarial activity of specific inhibitors of the enzyme. | the endosymbiotic organism wolbachia is an attractive antifilarial drug target. here we report on the cloning and expression of an rsmd-like rrna methyltransferase from the wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi, its molecular properties, and assays for specific inhibitors. the gene was found to be expressed in all the major life stages of b. malayi. the purified enzyme expressed in escherichia coli was found to be in monomer form in its native state. the activities of the specific inhibitors ( ... | 2013 | 23733469 |
| the heme biosynthetic pathway of the obligate wolbachia endosymbiont of brugia malayi as a potential anti-filarial drug target. | filarial parasites (e.g., brugia malayi, onchocerca volvulus, and wuchereria bancrofti) are causative agents of lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, which are among the most disabling of neglected tropical diseases. there is an urgent need to develop macro-filaricidal drugs, as current anti-filarial chemotherapy (e.g., diethylcarbamazine [dec], ivermectin and albendazole) can interrupt transmission predominantly by killing microfilariae (mf) larvae, but is less effective on adult worms, whic ... | 2009 | 19597542 |