| mapping determinants in cucumber mosaic virus for transmission by aphis gossypii. | determinants have been mapped in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) which influence transmission by the aphid aphis gossypii. chimeric rna 3s were constructed which contain sequences from the efficiently aphid-transmitted strain fny-cmv and the very poorly aphid-transmissible m-cmv. analyses of chimeric viruses revealed that two regions in the coat protein were critical for transmission by aphids. the coat proteins of fny- and m-cmv were previously shown to differ at eight amino aci ... | 1994 | 7975263 |
| simultaneous detection and typing of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) isolates by heminested-pcr and pcr-elisa. | two techniques for simultaneous detection and typing of plum pox potyvirus (ppv) isolates belonging to the d or m serotypes, heminested pcr (h-pcr) and pcr-elisa, have been developed. ten ppv isolates typed using ppv-d and ppv-m specific monoclonal antibodies by elisa-dasi were used to validate these two methods. the results obtained show a complete coincidence of the nucleic acid-based techniques with the serological data. when serial dilutions of infected plant extracts were assayed, h-pcr and ... | 1997 | 9389402 |
| selection by phage display of a variant mustard trypsin inhibitor toxic against aphids. | the mustard trypsin inhibitor, mti-2, is a potent inhibitor of trypsin with no activity towards chymotrypsin. mti-2 is toxic for lepidopteran insects, but has low activity against aphids. in an attempt to improve the activity of the inhibitor towards aphids, a library of inhibitor variants was constructed and cloned into the prlac3 phagemid vector. the library of 9.3 x 107 independent colonies was created by randomisation of a stretch of five consecutive codons in the reactive site. repeated sel ... | 2003 | 12581313 |
| activity of aphids associated with lettuce and broccoli in spain and their efficiency as vectors of lettuce mosaic virus. | this research sought to identify the aphid virus vector species associated with lettuce and broccoli crops in spain, and to determine their population dynamics and ability to transmit lettuce mosaic virus (lmv). green tile traps and moericke yellow water-pan traps were used to monitor aphid flights during the spring and autumn growing seasons of 2001. aphid species feeding on lettuce were counted weekly. the transmission efficiencies of lmv were determined for the aphid species caught most frequ ... | 2004 | 15036838 |
| [relationships between aphis gossypii and its natural enemies in megranate field]. | in this paper, the relevancy of aphis gossypii with its natural enemies was studied by using grey systematic analysis. the results showed that the major natural enemies of aphis gossypii were tetragnathidae (0.8607), therdion octomaculatum (0.8058), therdion octomaculatum (0.7989), haramonia aiyridis (0.7881) and chrysopa sepetempunctata (0.7758). as for the daily total predation, the natural enemies which highly associated with the ideal dominant natural enemies were erigonidium graminicola (0. ... | 2004 | 15825450 |
| development of a population-based threshold model of conidial germination for analysing the effects of physiological manipulation on the stress tolerance and infectivity of insect pathogenic fungi. | entomopathogenic fungi are being used as biocontrol agents of insect pests, but their efficacy can be poor in environments where water availability is reduced. in this study, the potential to improve biocontrol by physiologically manipulating fungal inoculum was investigated. cultures of beauveria bassiana, lecanicillium muscarium, lecanicillium longisporum, metarhizium anisopliae and paecilomyces fumosoroseus were manipulated by growing them under conditions of water stress, which produced coni ... | 2006 | 16913922 |
| efficacy assessment of aphidius colemani (hymenoptera: braconidae) for suppression of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) in greenhouse-grown chrysanthemum. | to assess biological control as a management tool for the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae), the efficacy of aphidius colemani viereck (hymenoptera: braconidae) for suppression of a. gossypii in greenhouse-grown chrysanthemums, dendranthema grandiflora (tzvelev), was compared with a pesticide standard, imidacloprid (marathon 1% g) and an untreated check. no significant differences were found between aphid populations in the two treatments. a. colemani and imidacloprid ke ... | 2006 | 16937661 |
| analysis of genetic bottlenecks during horizontal transmission of cucumber mosaic virus. | genetic bottlenecks may occur in virus populations when only a few individuals are transferred horizontally from one host to another, or when a viral population moves systemically from the infection site. genetic bottlenecks during the systemic movement of an rna plant virus population were reported previously (h. li and m. j. roossinck, j. virol. 78:10582-10587, 2004). in this study we mechanically inoculated an artificial population consisting of 12 restriction enzyme marker mutants of cucumbe ... | 2006 | 16912285 |
| [pathogenicity of hyphomycet fungi to aphids aphis gossypii glover and myzus persicae (sulzer) (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | the aphids aphis gossypii and myzus persicae are cosmopolitan, poliphagous and damage cultivated plants. the effects of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana (isolate ibcb 66), metarhizium anisopliae (isolate ibcb 121), paecilomyces fumosoroseus (isolate ibcb 141) and lecanicillium (= verticillium) lecanii (isolate jab 02) on third instar nymphs of a. gossypii and m. persicae were evaluated in the laboratory at 25 degrees c, 70 +/- 10% rh and 12h photophase. the aphids were transferred t ... | 2006 | 17144139 |
| novel acetylcholinesterase target site for malaria mosquito control. | current anticholinesterase pesticides were developed during world war ii and are toxic to mammals because they target a catalytic serine residue of acetylcholinesterases (aches) in insects and in mammals. a sequence analysis of aches from 73 species and a three-dimensional model of a malaria-carrying mosquito (anopheles gambiae) ache (agache) reported here show that c286 and r339 of agache are conserved at the opening of the active site of aches in 17 invertebrate and four insect species, respec ... | 2006 | 17183688 |
| induction of apoptosis by iridovirus virion protein extract. | chilo iridescent virus (civ; iiv-6) is the type member of the genus iridovirus (family iridoviridae, large icosahedral cytoplasmic dna viruses). civ induces death and deformity in the cotton boll weevil, anthonomus grandis, replicates productively in larvae of the cotton boll weevil, and significantly reduces laboratory populations of the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. civ virion protein extract (cvpe) shuts down host protein synthesis in several insect cell lines and induces mortality in neonate ... | 2007 | 17347770 |
| impact of the entomopathogenic fungus verticillium lecanii on development of an aphid parasitoid, aphidius colemani. | the parasitoid aphidius colemani developed normally (approximately 90% adult emergence) when its cotton aphid (aphis gossypii) host was treated with verticillum lecanii conidia 5 or 7 days after parasitization. fungus exposure 1 day before or up to 3 days after parasitization, however, reduced a. colemani emergence from 0 to 10%. also, numbers of spores and mycelial fragments in aphid homogenates were much higher in aphids exposed to the fungus up to 3 days after parasitization than in aphids tr ... | 2005 | 15955345 |
| virion stability and aphid vector transmissibility of cucumber mosaic virus mutants. | the physical stability of virions of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) mutants was investigated to determine if relative stability correlated with efficiency of aphid transmission. virion stability was evaluated by a urea disruption assay and by testing the infectivity of virus following purifications. all viruses were infectious when purified using a low salt buffer without organic solvent, whereas two of seven viruses were less stable and inactivated following purification with a high salt buffer an ... | 2005 | 15661170 |
| aphid transmission of a potyvirus depends on suitability of the helper component and the n terminus of the coat protein. | the present study investigates the specificity of potyviruses for aphid species. two potyviruses differing in their host range were used: zucchini yellow mosaic virus (zymv) mainly infecting cucurbits and turnip mosaic virus (tumv) mainly infecting crucifers. two sets of aphids species were used as vectors, one polyphagous (myzus persicae and aphis gossypii) and the other from crucifers (brevicoryne brassicae and lipaphis erysimi). evidence is provided that the specificity between a vector and a ... | 2005 | 15503223 |
| influence of cover crops on insect pests and predators in conservation tillage cotton. | in fall 2000, an on-farm sustainable agricultural research project was established for cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., in tift county, georgia. the objective of our 2-yr research project was to determine the impact of several cover crops on pest and predator insects in cotton. the five cover crop treatments included 1) cereal rye, secale cereale l., a standard grass cover crop; 2) crimson clover, trifolium incarnatum l., a standard legume cover crop; 3) a legume mixture of balansa clover, trifoli ... | 2004 | 15384330 |
| two amino acid substitutions in acetylcholinesterase associated with pirimicarb and organophosphorous insecticide resistance in the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). | the complete coding sequences of two acetylcholinesterase (ache) genes, ace1 (orthologous to drosophila ace) and ace2 (paralogous to ace), from the cotton aphid (aphis gossypii) were identified and sequences from carbamate resistant and susceptible strains compared. no change in the amino acid sequences was found in ace1, while two amino acid substitutions, ser431phe and ala302ser, were detected between resistant and susceptible strains in ace2. the position of ser431phe corresponds to one of fo ... | 2004 | 15373811 |
| effect of the red imported fire ant on cotton aphid population density and predation of bollworm and beet armyworm eggs. | the effects of the red imported fire ant, solenopsis invicta buren (hymenoptera: formicidae), on cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, populations and its predation of bollworm, helicoverpa zea (boddie), and beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua (hübner), (both lepidoptera: noctuidae) eggs were evaluated in cotton under field conditions during 2001 and 2002 in central and northern texas. in central texas, cotton aphid populations were approximately 5.5 times greater and predation of sentinel bollworm ... | 2004 | 15154439 |
| estimation of the number of aphids carrying citrus tristeza virus that visit adult citrus trees. | aphid species were counted on citrus trees in orchards in valencia, spain, in the spring and autumn of 1997, 1998 and 1999. moericke yellow water traps, the 'sticky shoot' method and counts of established colonies were used in extensive surveys in which 29,502 aphids were recorded and identified. aphis spiraecola and aphis gossypii were the most abundant aphid species. the numbers of aphid species landing on mature trees of grapefruit, sweet orange, lemon and clementine and satsuma mandarins, we ... | 2004 | 15036840 |
| posterior midgut and hindgut are both sites of acquisition of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus in myzus persicae and aphis gossypii. | members of the family luteoviridae ('luteovirids') rely strictly on aphid vectors for plant-to-plant transmission. this interaction operates according to a persistent and circulative manner, which implies that the virions are being endocytosed and exocytosed across two epithelial barriers (alimentary tract and accessory salivary glands) in the vector's body. in several luteovirid-aphid vector species combinations, the route of virions in the insect has been investigated ultrastructurally by tran ... | 2003 | 14645929 |
| bionomics of scymnus (pullus) louisianae j. chapin (coleoptera: coccinellidae) as a predator of the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura (homoptera: aphididae). | a field population of scymnus louisianae chapin (coccinellidae) was found attacking soybean aphids, apis glycines matsumura (aphidae), a pest recently introduced into kentucky. this coccinellid had not previously been found in kentucky. a greenhouse population of s. louisianae was established and its predation on a. glycines studied under laboratory conditions. total time to develop from egg to adult was about 20 d. about 70% of immatures survived to adulthood and they consumed approximately 100 ... | 2003 | 12650339 |
| selection of entomopathogenic fungi for aphid control. | twelve strains of entomopathogenic fungi such as lecanicillium lecanii, paecilomyces farinosus, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, cordyceps scarabaeicola, and nomuraea rileyi were screened for aphid control. at 25 degrees c and 75% relative humidity (rh), among tested entomopathogenic fungi, l. lecanii 41185 showed the highest virulent pathogenicity for both myzus persicae and aphis gossypii, and their control values were both nearly 100% 5 and 2 d after treatment, respectively. moreov ... | 2007 | 18215637 |
| resistance gene homologues in melon are linked to genetic loci conferring disease and pest resistance. | genomic and cdna fragments with homology to known disease resistance genes (rgh fragments) were cloned from cucumis melo using degenerate-primer pcr. fifteen homologues of the nbs-lrr gene family have been isolated. the nbs-lrr homologues show high divergence and, based on the partial nbs-fragment sequences, appear to include members of the two major subfamilies that have been described in dicot plants, one that possesses a tir-protein element and one that lacks such a domain. genomic organizati ... | 2002 | 12582612 |
| aphid pests of strawberry crops and their parasitoids in france. | the pest status of aphids on strawberry crops has changed with time. they were mainly considered with respect to virus transmission. now, they are rather considered as sap-feeders and honeydew producers. as such, low populations regulated by natural enemies can be tolerated and systematic use of insecticides avoided. a survey of the species present in the different areas of production has been undertaken during 1999 and 2000 in france. during this survey, well known species of the strawberry cro ... | 2001 | 12425050 |
| [host plants of aphis gossypii (aphididae), vector of virus of cucumis melo melon (cucurbitaceae) in costa rica]. | plant species associated with commercial melon crops and surrounding areas were examined to identity the natural host plants of aphis gossypii glover. the study was conducted in two farms located in different melon production areas and plant life zones of costa rica. plant species diversity, percent coverage and distribution over time were recorded during one year. differences between locations were observed. a total of 86 plant species (49 families) and 72 plant species (40 families) were ident ... | 2001 | 11795159 |
| economic thresholds for aphis gossypii (hemiptera: aphididae) on citrus clementina. | different levels of aphis gossypii glover were maintained on clementine trees by means of isolation inside mesh cages. clementine yield loss was correlated with the number of aphids per square meter of canopy, obtaining the corresponding formula. starting from this formula, the economic injury level (eil) was calculated as follows: [218,333c + 11,130.6 vp0k]/[57.08 vp0k - 100c] = eil (aphids/m2), where c = total insecticide cost per hectare, v = fruit price per kilogram, p0 = yield per hectare o ... | 2001 | 11332836 |
| alkaline phosphatase activity in whitefly salivary glands and saliva. | alkaline phosphatase activity was histochemically localized in adult whiteflies (bemisia tabaci b biotype, syn. b. argentifolii) with a chromogenic substrate (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolylphosphate) and a fluorogenic substrate (elf-97). the greatest amount of staining was in the basal regions of adult salivary glands with additional activity traced into the connecting salivary ducts. other tissues that had alkaline phosphatase activity were the accessory salivary glands, the midgut, the portion of ... | 2001 | 11304750 |
| incidence and epidemiology of citrus tristeza virus in the valencian community of spain. | the first outbreak of citrus tristeza disease in spain caused by citrus tristeza virus (ctv) was recorded in 1957 in the valencian community (vc). in total c. 40 million trees, mainly of sweet orange and mandarin grafted on sour orange rootstocks, declined due to ctv. large-scale surveys in different municipalities of the vc indicated that the disease spread very fast. incidence increased from 11% in 1989 to 53% in 1998. toxoptera aurantii and aphis spiraecola (inefficient aphid vectors of ctv) ... | 2000 | 11137164 |
| cucumber mosaic virus mutants with altered physical properties and defective in aphid vector transmission. | two mutant strains of cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) were investigated with respect to virion stability and molecular determinants of aphid vector transmission. the mutant 2a1-mt-60x, derived from the mechanically passaged wild type 2a1-at, is poorly transmissible by the aphid aphis gossypii and not transmissible by the aphid myzus persicae, whereas the wild type virus is transmissible by both aphid species. the mutant phenotype was shown to be conferred by a single encoded amino acid change of ala ... | 2000 | 11040130 |
| variation in clonal diversity in glasshouse infestations of the aphid, aphis gossypii glover in southern france. | aphis gossypii is an aphid species that is found throughout the world and is extremely polyphagous. it is considered a major pest of cotton and cucurbit species. in europe, a. gossypii is assumed to reproduce exclusively by apomictic parthenogenesis. the present study investigates the genetic diversity of a. gossypii in a microgeographic, fragmented habitat consisting of eight glasshouses of cucurbit crops. this analysis, which was based on the results from seven microsatellite loci, has confirm ... | 1999 | 10620230 |
| role of the helper component in vector-specific transmission of potyviruses. | four aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit tobacco etch (tev) and turnip mosaic (tumv) potyviruses. myzus persicae and aphis gossypii transmitted both viruses efficiently from infected plants, whereas lipaphis erysimi transmitted only tumv and myzus ascalonicus was a poor or non-transmitter of either virus. similar electrically monitored probing patterns were produced by m. persicae, l. erysimi and m. ascalonicus, ruling out behavioural differences as the cause of differential ... | 1998 | 9634096 |
| insecticidal, acaricidal and synergistic effects of soosan, pancratium maritimum extracts and constituents. | in assessing the pesticidal activity of soosan, p. maritimum, the bulbs and leaves were extracted using acetone/ethanol & ethanol as solvents and mosquito larvae c. pipiens, as a test organism. the actone/ethanol extract of bulbs was more toxic (lc50: 25 ppm) than that of the leaves (lc50: 75 ppm). crude alkaloids, lycorine, terpenes & sterols and fixed oil were isolated from soosan bulb. their percentages were: 0.193, 0.02, 0.13 and 3.3%, respectively. the acetone/ethanol extract showed a stron ... | 1998 | 9617056 |
| amino acid changes in the coat protein of cucumber mosaic virus differentially affect transmission by the aphids myzus persicae and aphis gossypii. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) transmission by two aphid species was investigated using strains of the virus with modified coat proteins. chimeric viral rna 3 cdna constructs were designed with coat protein-encoding sequences from the efficiently aphid-transmitted fny-cmv and the very poorly aphid-transmitted m-cmv. different regions of the viral coat protein variably influenced transmission; the magnitude of effects depended on the aphid species used as vector. five amino acid changes in the coat ... | 1998 | 9501042 |
| synthesis of a full-length infectious cdna clone of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus and its use in gene exchange experiments with structural proteins from other luteoviruses. | a full-length cdna of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (cabyv) has been constructed and expressed either as an in vitro transcript, under control of a bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase promoter, or in vivo, under control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35s promoter in an agroinfection vector. the biological activity of the cloned cdna was demonstrated by the ability of its in vitro transcript to replicate in protoplasts and of the agroinfection vector to infect agroinoculated plants. virus in th ... | 1995 | 8525610 |
| nucleotide sequence of the coat protein gene of citrus tristeza virus: comparison of biologically diverse isolates collected in israel. | the sequences of the coat protein genes of four seedling yellows (sy) and four non-sy (nsy) of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) isolates, which were collected in israel over a period of 30 years, were analyzed. pairwise comparisons showed extensive similarities in the nucleotide and amino acid sequences of six isolates designated the vt group. this group consists of three nsy isolates that cause a very mild ctv reaction on the sensitive combination of sweet orange (swo) grafted on sour orange (so), a ... | 1993 | 8279125 |
| effect of cotton cultivar on performance of aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) in iran. | cotton aphids, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae), obtained from cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., fields in the gorgan region of northern iran, were colonized on 'varamin' cotton plants in a growth chamber. the development, survivorship, and life table parameters of the cotton aphid were evaluated at 27.5 +/- 1 degrees c, 65 +/- 10% rh, and aphotoperiod of 14:10 (l:d) h of artificial light on five commonly growing cotton cultivars: varamin, 'sealand' (relatively resistant cultivar), 'bak ... | 2006 | 17066818 |
| intervention thresholds for aphis spiraecola (hemiptera: aphididae) on citrus clementina. | the production of clementine fruit was affected by varying densities of aphis spiraecola patch (hemiptera: aphididae) maintained on four groups of clementine, citrus clementina hort. ex tan., trees individually isolated in mesh cages. a formula relating the number of aphids per square meter of canopy per group of trees to yield loss in that group of trees was obtained, permitting us to calculate the economic injury levels (eils) and economic thresholds (ets) for treatment against a. spiraecola, ... | 2006 | 16937682 |
| pathogenicity of fusarium semitectum against crop pests and its biosafety to non-target organisms. | microbial control is receiving more attention, since these alternative tactics, compared to chemical control methods, are energy saving, non polluting, ecologically sound and sustainable. a mycopathogen, fusarium semitectum berk. and rav. (arsef 7233) was isolated from diseased cadavers of aphid (aphis gossypii) and cultured in saboraud maltose agar supplemented with yeast extract medium (smay). being isolated first time from the chilli ecosystem its potential was evaluated. experiments were con ... | 2006 | 17385514 |
| effect of temperature on life history of aphidius colemani and aphidius matricariae (hymenoptera: braconidae), two parasitoids of aphis gossypii and myzus persicae (homoptera: aphididae). | the performance of two aphid parasitoids, aphidius colemani viereck and aphidius matricariae (haliday), against aphis gossypii glover on greenhouse cucumber (cucumis sativus l.) and myzus persicae (sulzer) on sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) were evaluated at various constant temperatures. biological parameters of both parasitoids including developmental time, pupal survivorship, percentage of parasitism, and sex ratio of the progeny were studied at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 degrees c. at 2 ... | 2007 | 17445360 |
| an implicit approach to model plant infestation by insect pests. | various spatial approaches were developed to study the effect of spatial heterogeneities on population dynamics. we present in this paper a flux-based model to describe an aphid-parasitoid system in a closed and spatially structured environment, i.e. a greenhouse. derived from previous work and adapted to host-parasitoid interactions, our model represents the level of plant infestation as a continuous variable corresponding to the number of plants bearing a given density of pests at a given time ... | 2007 | 17582442 |
| [development of aphidius colemani viereck (hym.: braconidae, aphidiinae) and alterations caused by the parasitism in the host aphis gossypii glover (hem.: aphididae) in different temperatures]. | aphidius colemani viereck is among the main natural enemies used for biological control of aphis gossypii glover. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the development of a. colemani and the alterations caused by the parasitism in the host a. gossypii in different temperatures and to estimate the thermal requirements of the parasitoid. the experiments were carried out in controlled environmental chambers at 16, 19, 22, 25, 28 and 31 +/- 1 degrees c, 70 +/- 10% rh, and 12h photophase ... | 2007 | 17710327 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of a japanese isolate of chrysanthemum virus b (genus carlavirus). | the complete nucleotide sequence of a chrysanthemum virus b isolate from japan (cvb-s) has been determined. the genomic rna of cvb-s is 8,990 nucleotides long, excluding the poly(a) tail and, like that of other carlaviruses, contains six open reading frames (orfs). multiple alignment and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the phylogenetic relationship among members of the genus carlavirus is very diverse, with phlox virus s being the closest relative of cvb. in aphid transmission tests, cvb-s ... | 2007 | 17726637 |
| 2-tridecanone: a naturally occurring insecticide from the wild tomato lycopersicon hirsutum f.glabratum. | a nonalkaloid insecticide was isolated from the wild tomato lycopersicon hirsutum f. glabratum and identified as 2-tridecanone, a compound 72 times more abundant in the wild tomato than in the cultivated tomato l. esculentum. lepidopterous larvae (manduca sexta and heliothis zea) and aphids (aphis gossypii) died when confined on 2-tridecanone-treated filter paper. | 1980 | 17729870 |
| transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton (gossypium hirsutum) allomone response to cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, in a closed-dynamics co(2) chamber (cdcc). | allocation of allomones of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis gossypium hirsutum (bt cotton) (cv. gk-12) and non-bt-transgenic cotton (cv. simian-3) grown in elevated co(2) in response to infestation by cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, was studied in a closed-dynamics co(2) chamber. significant increases in foliar condensed tannin and carbon/nitrogen ratio for gk-12 and simian-3 were observed in elevated co(2) relative to ambient co(2,) as partially supported by the carbon nutrient balance hy ... | 2007 | 17805479 |
| quantitative detection of citrus tristeza virus in citrus and aphids by real-time reverse transcription-pcr (taqman). | a quantitative and multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay was developed to detect citrus tristeza virus (ctv) along with plant mrna, which serves as an internal control to ascertain rna extraction quality. the real-time technique was validated against 39 ctv strains from around the world as well as with the aphid vector, aphis gossypii, given a 48 h acquisition access period on a ctv source plant. the assay was effective for quantitation of the viral template in infected plants and in single aphids. c ... | 2008 | 17888522 |
| [fertility life table of aphidius colemani viereck (hymenoptera: braconidae, aphidiinae) on aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae)]. | the intrinsic rate of increase of a parasitoid related to its hosts play an important role in biological control programs. in this work, fertility of the parasitoid aphidius colemani viereck was evaluated on aphis gossypii glover by means of a fertility life table. to determine the immature mortality, the development time and the sex ratio, 12 mated females of a. colemani (24h old), and 240 nymphs of a. gossypii (3 days old) were used. to evaluate fertility 15 mated females (24h old) were used. ... | 2007 | 17934617 |
| leaf surface factors of transgenic bt cotton associated with the feeding behaviors of cotton aphids: a case study on non-target effects. | the present paper reports case study results of the risk assessment of transgenic bt cotton on a non-target pest, cotton aphid, aphis gossypii. several types of techniques, i.e., electrical penetration graph (epg), light and electron microscopy, bioassays and chemical analysis, were applied to investigate physical and chemical leaf factors of 2 transgenic bt cotton lines (gk12 and gk19) and their parental non-bt cotton line (simian3) associated with searching and feeding behaviors of cotton aphi ... | 2008 | 18239893 |
| rise and fall of cotton aphid (hemiptera: aphididae) populations in southeastern cotton production systems. | the impact of natural enemies on cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae), populations in cotton, gossypium hirsutum l., production systems in the southeastern united states was evaluated over 3 yr in irrigated commercial cotton fields. fungal epizootics caused by the entomopathogen neozygites fresenii (nowakowski) batko reduced aphid numbers to subthreshold levels in 1999, 2000, and 2001 and occurred consistently in early to mid-july in all 3 yr. scymnus spp. were the most abu ... | 2008 | 18330112 |
| tri-trophic interactions between bt cotton, the herbivore aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae), and the predator chrysopa pallens (rambur) (neuroptera: chrysopidae). | tri-trophic impacts of transgenic bacillus thuringiensis (bt) cotton gk12 and nucotn 99b were studied using a predator, the great lacewing chrysopa pallens (rambur), and its prey, the cotton aphid aphis gossypii glover, in laboratory feeding experiments. the parental nontransgenic cotton cultivar of gk12 was used as control. the predator was fed with uniform (aphids from a single cultivar) or mixed prey (aphids from the three cotton cultivars provided on alternate days). mortality and developmen ... | 2008 | 18348819 |
| complete sequence analysis reveals two distinct poleroviruses infecting cucurbits in china. | the complete rna genomes of a chinese isolate of cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (cabyv-chn) and a new polerovirus tentatively referred to as melon aphid-borne yellows virus (mabyv) were determined. the entire genome of cabyv-chn shared 89.0% nucleotide sequence identity with the french cabyv isolate. in contrast, nucleotide sequence identities between mabyv and cabyv and other poleroviruses were in the range of 50.7-74.2%, with amino acid sequence identities ranging from 24.8 to 82.9% for in ... | 2008 | 18414972 |
| new insecticides to control boll weevil and cotton aphid. | | 1947 | 20264502 |
| cloning and phylogenetic analysis of sid-1-like genes from aphids. | abstract the sid-1 (systemic interference defective) gene encodes a transmembrane protein that is an important participator in the systemic rnai pathway and has been reported in several organisms. in insects, sid-1-like genes were described from tribolium castaneum, apis mellifera, bombyx mori and schistocerca americana, but were not found in drosophila melanogaster and anopheles gambiae. to investigate whether this gene occurs in aphid species, rt-pcrs were performed using degenerate primers de ... | 2008 | 20302524 |
| [quality of different aphids as hosts of the parasitoid lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) (hymenoptera: braconidae, aphidiinae)]. | lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) has a broad aphid host range; however the quality of these preys may interfere in its biological feature. this study aimed to evaluate the quality of three macrosiphini, brevicoryne brassicae (l.), lipaphis erysimi (kaltenbach) and myzus persicae (sulzer), and three aphidini schizaphis graminum (rondani) rhopalosiphum maidis (fitch) and aphis gossypii glover as hosts to l. testaceipes and to determine the relation possible of host preference, of size and quality ... | 2008 | 18506297 |
| relation of aphicidal activity with cuticular degradation by beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant incorporated with polyoxyethylene-(3)-isotridecyl ether. | the application of beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant incorporated with polyoxyethylene-(3)-isotridecyl ether (tde-3) significantly reduced the population of two species of aphids including cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, and green peach aphid, myzus persicae, much higher in cotton aphid, compared with supernatant incorporated with tween 80, which allows the relationship of aphicidal activity with the degradation of aphid cuticles to be determined. overall, the degradation of the cuticles indu ... | 2010 | 20372019 |
| a novel biopesticide production: attagel-mediated precipitation of chitinase from beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant for thermotolerance. | insect killing fungi have high potential in controlling agriculturally harmful pest, but their slow progress and high variation in killing insect are major impediments to successful industrialization. the present work describes the use of supernatant from the liquid culture of beauveria bassiana sfb-205 to surmount this problem, particularly efficient production of thermotolerant chitinase, which is one of the major pathogenesis-related enzymes in the supernatant. the chitinase was precipitated ... | 2010 | 20445976 |
| [development and parasitism of lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) and aphidius colemani viereck (hymenoptera: braconidae) on aphis gossypii glover (hemiptera: aphididae) on two chrysanthemum cultivars]. | the parasitoids lysiphlebus testaceipes (cresson) and aphidius colemani viereck play an important role on the regulation of aphid populations on chrysanthemum grown in greenhouses. this study evaluated the interaction of biological control and plant resistance by the development and the parasitism of l. testaceipes and a. colemani on aphis gossypii glover. the aphid host was kept on commercial cultivars of chrysanthemum susceptible yellow snowdon (ys) and resistant white reagan (wr). the experim ... | 2006 | 18575697 |
| the toxicological effects of petroleum spray oils on insects - evidence for an alternative mode of action and possible new control options. | we tested the most widely held theory about the mode of action of petroleum spray oils (psos) on insects (i.e. anoxia). an nc24 petroleum oil was applied topically to cotton aphids (aphis gossypii) and cluster caterpillars (spodoptera litura), which then showed signs of mortality that are inconsistent with anoxia. the insects died soon after treatment, with most of the mortality occurring within the first 10min. toxicity symptoms included loss of locomotory ability, unusual abdominal contraction ... | 2008 | 18602441 |
| ring structure amino acids affect the suppressor activity of melon aphid-borne yellows virus p0 protein. | melon aphid-borne yellows virus (mabyv) is a newly identified polerovirus occurring in china. here, we demonstrate that the mabyv encoded p0 (p0(ma)) protein is a strong suppressor of post-transcriptional gene silencing (ptgs) with activity comparable to tobacco etch virus (tev) hc-pro. in addition we have shown that the lp f-box motif present at the n-terminus of p0(ma) is required for suppressor activity. detailed mutational analyses on p0(ma) revealed that changing the conserved trp 212 with ... | 2010 | 20667575 |
| correlation of the aphicidal activity of beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant with enzymes. | the supernatant of beauveria bassiana sfb-205 reduced the population of cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, with a dosage-dependent manner, which allowed a quality control (qc) factor to be determined for the evaluation of the supernatant as the first step of a development. enzymes were assumed as possible qc factors based on 1) the comparable aphicidal activity of the supernatant protein pellet to the raw supernatant, 2) the supernatant-induced degradation of the insect cuticles, observed by t ... | 2010 | 20965068 |
| reproductive biology of two nontarget insect species, aphis gossypii (homoptera: aphididae) and orius sauteri (hemiptera: anthocoridae), on bt and non-bt cotton cultivars. | transgenic bt cotton, engineered to continuously produce activated delta-endotoxins of the soil bacteria bacillus thuringiensis, holds great promise in controlling helicoverpa armigera and other lepidopteran pests. however, it also may impact the invertebrate community, which needs to be clarified. the effects of bt cotton on two nontarget insects, aphis gossypii and orius sauteri, were assessed under semifield and laboratory conditions. mean total duration of nymphal stages of a. gossypii was s ... | 2008 | 18801270 |
| variability and genetic basis for migratory behaviour in a spring population of the aphid, aphis gossypii glover in the yangtze river valley of china. | the population dynamics, development of gonads, takeoff and flight behaviour of aphis gossypii glover were investigated in order to test whether there was variation of migratory ability in the spring population. field surveys showed that not all the aphids overwintering on hibiscus migrated to the secondary host plants, and the host-alternating and host-specific life-cycle forms coexisted in nanjing, china. substantial variation in flight capacity of winged individuals, development of gonads and ... | 2008 | 18826665 |
| aphid transmission alters the genomic and defective rna populations of citrus tristeza virus isolates. | abstract a total of 14 spanish isolates of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) and 1 isolate from japan were transmitted by aphis gossypii, and the subisolates obtained were compared with the source isolates for symptom expression and double-stranded rna (dsrna) pattern. of the 14 spanish isolates, 9 showed altered dsrna patterns after aphid transmission but only minor variations in the intensity of symptoms induced on mexican lime. northern blot hybridization with complementary dna (cdna) probes corres ... | 2000 | 18944601 |
| examination of the effect of aphid vector population composition on the spatial dynamics of citrus tristeza virus spread by stochastic modeling. | abstract aphid vector species population composition is known to affect the spatial patterns of citrus tristeza virus (ctv) and the changes in these patterns over time. however, the biological processes that are associated with virus spread have not been well defined. the spatiotemporal dynamics of ctv were examined using data collected from research plots in the dominican republic and costa rica, where the brown citrus aphid (bca), toxoptera citricida, was the predominant species, and in florid ... | 1999 | 18944697 |
| survey methods for assessment of citrus tristeza virus incidence when toxoptera citricida is the predominant vector. | abstract citrus tristeza virus (ctv) incidence may be assessed by sampling groups of citrus trees, recording the groups as ctv positive (one or more infected trees) or ctv negative (no infected trees), and then calculating disease incidence at the scale of the individual tree by means of a formula involving incidence at the group scale and the number of trees per group. this procedure works well when the ctv status of a tree can be regarded as independent of the ctv status of other trees in the ... | 1999 | 18944721 |
| Rapid detection of vip1-type genes from Bacillus cereus and characterization of a novel vip binary toxin gene. | A PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method for identifying vegetative insecticidal protein (vip) 1-type genes from Bacillus cereus was developed by designing specific primers based on the conserved regions of the genes to amplify vip1-type gene fragments. PCR products were digested with endonuclease AciI, and four known vip1-type genes were identified. Vip1Ac and vip1Aa-type genes appeared in 17 of 26 B. cereus strains. A novel vip1-type gene, vip1Ac1, was identified from B ... | 2011 | 22092859 |
| the microbial flora of aphis gossypii: patterns across host plants and geographical space. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii, has a worldwide distribution and causes damage to numerous economically important crops. the bacterial symbionts associated with cotton aphids, sampled mainly from malvaceous and cucurbitaceous plants within japan and australia, were characterised using molecular profiling approaches. the goal was to document the aphid symbionts present and determine if patterns of microbial diversity are consistent with the existence of host plant related cryptic species in a. ... | 2009 | 19026656 |
| prey species preference of the predator serangium parcesetosum sicard (col., coccinellidae) and its interaction with another natural enemy. | this study aimed to determine serangium parcesetosum preference for different prey species and parasitized bemisia tabaci (genn.) (hom., aleyrodidae) by the parasitoid, eretmocerus mundus mercet (hym., aphelinidae). the results on s. parcesetosum preference by feeding on different prey species offered separately and together indicated that the predatory larvae and adults preferred significantly the cotton whitefly, b. tabaci and the castor bean whitefly, trialeurodes ricini (misra) (hom., aleyro ... | 2007 | 19070175 |
| bacterial communities of two parthenogenetic aphid species cocolonizing two host plants across the hawaiian islands. | aphids (hemiptera: aphididae) have been the focus of several studies with respect to their interactions with inherited symbionts, but bacterial communities of most aphid species are still poorly characterized. in this research, we used bar-coded pyrosequencing to characterize bacterial communities in aphids. specifically, we examined the diversity of bacteria in two obligately parthenogenetic aphid species (the melon aphid, aphis gossypii, and the cardamom aphid, pentalonia caladii) cocolonizing ... | 2011 | 21965398 |
| expression of small rna in aphis gossypii and its potential role in the resistance interaction with melon. | the regulatory role of small rnas (srnas) in various biological processes is an active area of investigation; however, there has been limited information available on the role of srnas in plant-insect interactions. this study was designed to identify srnas in cotton-melon aphid (aphis gossypii) during the vat-mediated resistance interaction with melon (cucumis melo). | 2012 | 23173035 |
| recent advances in the biochemistry of spinosyns. | spinosyn and its analogs, produced by saccharopolyspora spinosa, are the active ingredients in a family of insect control agents. they are macrolides with a 21-carbon, 12-membered tetracyclic lactones that are attached to two deoxysugars, tri-o-methylrhamnose and forosamine. labeling studies, analysis of the biosynthetically blocked mutants, and the genetic identification of the spinosyn gene cluster have provided detailed information concerning the mechanism of spinosyn biosynthesis and have en ... | 2009 | 19082588 |
| effects of rootstock and flushing on the incidence of three insects on 'clementine de nules' citrus trees. | we evaluated the influence of six different citrus rootstocks on the incidence of the citrus leafminer, phyllocnistis citrella stainton (lepidoptera: gracillariidae), and the aphid species, aphis gossypii glover and a. spiraecola patch (hemiptera: aphididae), on 'clementine de nules' trees (citrus clementina hort. ex tan.). sampling was conducted during 2005 and 2006 in a grove of 3-yr-old trees in southern spain with six rootstocks arranged in a completely randomized block design. incidence (i. ... | 2008 | 19161697 |
| indian bt cotton varieties do not affect the performance of cotton aphids. | cotton varieties expressing cry proteins derived from the soil bacterium bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are grown worldwide for the management of pest lepidoptera. to prevent non-target pest outbreaks and to retain the biological control function provided by predators and parasitoids, the potential risk that bt crops may pose to non-target arthropods is addressed prior to their commercialization. aphids play an important role in agricultural systems since they serve as prey or host to a number of p ... | 2009 | 19279684 |
| a comparison of alternative plant mixes for conservation bio-control by native beneficial arthropods in vegetable cropping systems in queensland australia. | cucurbit crops host a range of serious sap-sucking insect pests, including silverleaf whitefly (slw) and aphids, which potentially represent considerable risk to the australian horticulture industry. these pests are extremely polyphagous with a wide host range. chemical control is made difficult due to resistance and pollution, and other side-effects are associated with insecticide use. consequently, there is much interest in maximising the role of biological control in the management of these s ... | 2010 | 19323854 |
| cross-species amplification and polymorphism of microsatellite loci in the soybean aphid, aphis glycines. | we tested the utility of 18 previously characterized aphis spp. microsatellite loci for polymorphism and differentiation among populations of the soybean aphid, aphis glycines. loci were chosen from a closely related species (aphis gossypii) and a more distantly related species (aphis fabae). we found nine loci to be polymorphic among korean and north american populations. overall expected heterozygosity was moderate (average: 0.47; range: 0-1), although populations substantially differed in dev ... | 2009 | 19610462 |
| molecular characterization of the aphis gossypii olfactory receptor gene families. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is a polyphagous pest that inflicts great damage to cotton yields worldwide. antennal olfaction, which is extremely important for insect survival, mediates key behaviors such as host preference, mate choice, and oviposition site selection. in insects, odor detection is mediated by odorant receptors (ors) and ionotropic receptors (irs), which ensure the specificity of the olfactory sensory neuron responses. in this study, our aim is to identify chemosensor ... | 2014 | 24971460 |
| characterization of three novel sine families with unusual features in helicoverpa armigera. | although more than 120 families of short interspersed nuclear elements (sines) have been isolated from the eukaryotic genomes, little is known about sines in insects. here, we characterize three novel sines from the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera. two of them, hase1 and hase2, share similar 5' -structure including a trna-related region immediately followed by conserved central domain. the 3' -tail of hase1 is significantly similar to that of one line retrotransposon element, harte1.1, in ... | 2012 | 22319625 |
| ecological adaption analysis of the cotton aphid (aphis gossypii) in different phenotypes by transcriptome comparison. | the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover, is a destructive insect pest worldwide; it directly or indirectly damages (virus transmission) 300 species of host plants. knowledge of their ecologically adaptive mechanisms at the molecular level may provide an essential and urgent method to effectively control this pest. however, no transcriptome information is available for the cotton aphid and sequence data are scarce. therefore, we obtained transcriptome data. | 2013 | 24376660 |
| oral delivery mediated rna interference of a carboxylesterase gene results in reduced resistance to organophosphorus insecticides in the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | rna interference (rnai) is an effective tool to examine the function of individual genes. carboxylesterases (care, ec 3.1.1.1) are known to play significant roles in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds in many insect species. previous studies in our laboratory found that care expression was up-regulated in aphis gossypii (glover) (hemiptera: aphididae) adults of both omethoate and malathion resistant strains, indicating the potential involvement of care in organophosphorus (op) insecticide re ... | 2014 | 25140535 |
| distribution and molecular diversity of three cucurbit-infecting poleroviruses in china. | cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (cabyv) and melon aphid-borne yellows virus (mabyv) have been found to be associated with cucurbit yellowing disease in china. our report identifies for the first time a third distinct polerovirus, tentatively named suakwa aphid-borne yellows virus (sabyv), infecting suakwa vegetable sponge. to better understand the distribution and molecular diversity of these three poleroviruses infecting cucurbits, a total of 214 cucurbitaceous crop samples were collected fr ... | 2009 | 19664664 |
| control of silverleaf whitefly, cotton aphid and kanzawa spider mite with oil and extracts from seeds of sugar apple. | development of alternative methods for pest management is needed with the increased concern for adverse effects of pesticides for human health and the environment. the main goal of our study was to test the oil from seeds of sugar apple (annona squamosa), an edible tropical fruit for pest control. the oil pressed out of seeds was as effective in controlling the silverleaf whitefly, bemisia argentifolii bellows & perring (homoptera: aleyrodidae), infesting leaves of tomato plants in greenhouse co ... | 2009 | 19768275 |
| modeling temporal trends in aphid vector dispersal and cucumber mosaic virus epidemics in snap bean. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) has become a major limiting factor in snap bean production in the great lakes region of north america, and epidemics have occurred more frequently since the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, was introduced. major aphid vectors of cmv epidemics were identified by statistically relating their temporal dispersal trends to the incidence of cmv. alates were monitored weekly using water pan traps in 74 snap bean fields in new york and pennsylvania from 2002 to 2006. ... | 2009 | 19825288 |
| deceptive chemical signals induced by a plant virus attract insect vectors to inferior hosts. | previous studies have shown that vector-borne pathogens can alter the phenotypes of their hosts and vectors in ways that influence the frequency and nature of interactions between them, with significant implications for the transmission and spread of disease. for insect-borne pathogens, host odors are particularly likely targets for manipulation, because both plant- and animal-feeding insects use volatile compounds derived from their hosts as key foraging cues. here, we document the effects of a ... | 2010 | 20133719 |
| effects of vegetated field borders on arthropods in cotton fields in eastern north carolina. | the influence, if any, of 5m wide, feral, herbaceous field borders on pest and beneficial arthropods in commercial cotton, gossypium hirsutum (l.) (malvales: malvaceae), fields was measured through a variety of sampling techniques over three years. in each year, 5 fields with managed, feral vegetation borders and five fields without such borders were examined. sampling was stratified from the field border or edge in each field in an attempt to elucidate any edge effects that might have occurred. ... | 2008 | 20345293 |
| comparative analysis of the acyrthosiphon pisum genome and expressed sequence tag-based gene sets from other aphid species. | to study gene repertoires and their evolution within aphids, we compared the complete genome sequence of acyrthosiphon pisum (reference gene set) and expressed sequence tag (est) data from three other species: myzus persicae, aphis gossypii and toxoptera citricida. we assembled ests, predicted coding sequences, and identified potential pairs of orthologues (reciprocical best hits) with a. pisum. pairwise comparisons show that a fraction of the genes evolve fast (high ratio of non-synonymous to s ... | 2010 | 20482638 |
| establishment of polyethylene-glycol-mediated protoplast transformation for lecanicillium lecanii and development of virulence-enhanced strains against aphis gossypii. | lecanicillium lecanii has been developed as a biopesticide and used in biological control of several agricultural insects. to improve fungal virulence, an optimised polyethylene glycol (peg)-mediated protoplast transformation system was established for l. lecanii. pr1a-like cuticle-degrading protease gene (cdep1) from beauveria bassiana was transferred into l. lecanii, and its resulting activity against aphis gossypii was assessed. | 2016 | 26800336 |
| the entomopathogenic fungal endophytes purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly paecilomyces lilacinus) and beauveria bassiana negatively affect cotton aphid reproduction under both greenhouse and field conditions. | the effects of two entomopathogenic fungal endophytes, beauveria bassiana and purpureocillium lilacinum (formerly paecilomyces lilacinus), were assessed on the reproduction of cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera:aphididae), through in planta feeding trials. in replicate greenhouse and field trials, cotton plants (gossypium hirsutum) were inoculated as seed treatments with two concentrations of b. bassiana or p. lilacinum conidia. positive colonization of cotton by the endophytes was c ... | 2014 | 25093505 |
| spore density and viability of entomopathogenic fungal isolates from indonesia, and their virulence against aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). | the focus of this study was on quantifying fitness attributes, such as spore density and viability, and determining the virulence level against aphid (aphis gossypii) nymphs of isolates from the fungal species beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae. the fungal isolates were obtained from several insects, including plutella xylostella, hypothenemus hampei, bronstispa longissima, a. gossypii, tenebrio molitor, and leptocorisa acuta, that were collected from indonesian islands, such as sumat ... | 2010 | 24575186 |
| [isolation, identification and insecticidal activity of endophyte from achnatherum inebrians]. | to study endophyte species of achnatherum inebrians and to screen strains with insecticidal activity against cotton insect. | 2010 | 20560358 |
| in silico analyses of peptide paracrines/hormones in aphidoidea. | the aphidoidea is an insect superfamily comprising most of the known aphid species. while small in size, these animals are of considerable economic importance as many members of this taxon are serious agricultural pests, inflicting physical damage upon crop plants and serving as vectors in the transmission of viral plant diseases. in terms of identifying the paracrines/hormones used to modulate behavior, particularly peptides, members of the aphidoidea have largely been ignored, as it is not tra ... | 2008 | 18725225 |
| estimation of the effective number of founders that initiate an infection after aphid transmission of a multipartite plant virus. | the fecundity of rna viruses can be very high. thus, it is often assumed that viruses have large populations, and rna virus evolution has been mostly explained using purely deterministic models. however, population bottlenecks during the virus life cycle could result in effective population numbers being much smaller than reported censuses, and random genetic drift could be important in virus evolution. a step at which population bottlenecks may be severe is host-to-host transmission. we report ... | 2008 | 18842732 |
| transmission efficiency of papaya ringspot virus by three aphid species. | the transmission efficiency of papaya ringspot virus (prsv) by three aphid vectors (i.e., aphis gossypii, a. craccivora, and myzus persicae) was studied. efficiency was measured by single-aphid inoculation, group inoculation (using five aphids), duration of virus retention, and the number of plants following a single acquisition access period (aap) to which the aphids could successfully transmit the virus. single-aphid inoculation studies indicated that m. persicae (56%) and a. gossypii (53%) we ... | 2008 | 18943221 |
| transmission efficiency of cucumber mosaic virus by aphids associated with virus epidemics in snap bean. | cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) is a major component of the virus complex that has become more pronounced in snap bean in the midwestern and northeastern united states since 2001. multiple-vector-transfer tests were done to estimate the cmv transmission efficiencies (p) of the main aphid species identified in commercial snap bean fields in new york and pennsylvania. the four most efficient vectors (p > 0.05) were aphis gossypii, a. glycines, acyrthosiphon pisum, and therioaphis trifolii, which were ... | 2008 | 18943413 |
| transmissibility of cucumber mosaic virus by aphis gossypii correlates with viral accumulation and is affected by the presence of its satellite rna. | abstract satellite rnas (satrnas) are associated with cucumber mosaic virus (cmv) in tomato, most often causing severe epidemics of necrotic plants, and not associated with specific host symptoms. laboratory studies on virus transmission by the aphid vector aphis gossypii were performed to better understand the dynamics of field populations of cmv. the presence of satrnas correlated with lower concentrations of virus in infected plants and with a decrease in the efficiency of transmission from s ... | 2000 | 18944468 |
| mass production of aphicidal beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant with the parameter of chitinase. | beauveria bassiana sfb-205 supernatant can effectively control cotton aphid populations, which is closely associated with its chitinase activity. the present work extends to optimizing a culture medium to produce more efficacious supernatant in flask conditions, followed by scale-up in 7 l, 300 l and 1.2 kl fermentors with the parameter of chitinase. in flask conditions, a combination of soluble starch and yeast extract produced the greatest amount of chitinase (5.1 units/ml) and its supernatant ... | 2011 | 21715967 |
| purification and characterization of a lectin with high hemagglutination property isolated from allium altaicum. | a lectin was purified from the leaves of allium altaicum and corresponding gene was cloned. the lectin namely allium altaicum agglutinin (aaa) was ~24-ákda homodimeric protein and similar to a typical garlic leaf lectin. it was synthesized as 177 amino acid residues pre-proprotein, which consisted of 28 and 43 amino acid long n and c-terminal signal peptides, respectively. the plant expressed this protein more in scapes and flowers in comparison to the bulbs and leaves. hemagglutination activity ... | 2011 | 21732172 |
| Molecular characterization of a novel vegetative insecticidal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis effective against sap-sucking insect pest. | Several isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) were screened for the vegetative insecticidal protein (Vip) effective against sap-sucking insect pests. Screening results were based on LC(50) values against cotton aphid (Aphis gossypii), one of the dangerous pests of various crop plants including cotton. Among the isolates, the Bt#BREF24 showed promising results, and upon purification the aphidicidal protein was recognized as a binary toxin. One of the components of this binary toxin was identifi ... | 2011 | 21952370 |
| a non-persistently transmitted-virus induces a pull-push strategy in its aphid vector to optimize transmission and spread. | plant viruses are known to modify the behaviour of their insect vectors, both directly and indirectly, generally adapting to each type of virus-vector relationship in a way that enhances transmission efficiency. here, we report results of three different studies showing how a virus transmitted in a non-persistent (np) manner (cucumber mosaic virus; cmv, cucumovirus) can induce changes in its host plant, cucumber (cucumis sativus cv. marumba) that modifies the behaviour of its aphid vector (aphis ... | 2014 | 24373951 |
| Compatibility of garlic (Allium sativum L.) leaf agglutinin and Cry1Ac d-endotoxin for gene pyramiding. | d-Endotoxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used as bio-pesticides for the control of lepidopteran insect pests. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) leaf agglutinin (ASAL), being toxic to several sap-sucking pests and some lepidopteran pests, may be a good candidate for pyramiding with d-endotoxins in transgenic plants for enhancing the range of resistance to insect pests. Since ASAL shares the midgut receptors with Cry1Ac in Helicoverpa armigera, there is possibility of antagonism in ... | 2011 | 21870043 |
| vat, an amazing gene conferring resistance to aphids and viruses they carry: from molecular structure to field effects. | we review half a century of research on cucumis melo resistance to aphis gossypii from molecular to field levels. the vat gene is unique in conferring resistance to both a. gossypii and the viruses it transmits. this double phenotype is aphid clone-dependent and has been observed in 25 melon accessions, mostly from asia. it is controlled by a cluster of genes including cc-nlr, which has been characterized in detail. copy-number polymorphisms (for the whole gene and for a domain that stands out i ... | 2016 | 27725823 |
| bacterial communities of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii associated with bt cotton in northern china. | aphids are infected with a wide variety of endosymbionts that can confer ecologically relevant traits. however, the bacterial communities of most aphid species are still poorly characterized. this study investigated the bacterial diversity of the cotton aphid aphis gossypii associated with bt cotton in northern china by targeting the v4 region of the 16s rdna using the illumina miseq platform. our sequencing data revealed that bacterial communities of a. gossypii were generally dominated by the ... | 2016 | 27079679 |
| host plant determines the population size of an obligate symbiont (buchnera aphidicola) in aphids. | buchnera aphidicolais an obligate endosymbiont that provides aphids with several essential nutrients. though much is known about aphid-buchnera interactions, the effect of the host plant on buchnera population size remains unclear. here we used quantitative pcr (qpcr) techniques to explore the effects of the host plant on buchnera densities in the cotton-melon aphid, aphis gossypii buchneratiters were significantly higher in populations that had been reared on cucumber for over 10 years than in ... | 2016 | 26850304 |