| effect of molasses-based liquid supplements on digestibility of creeping bluestem and performance of mature cows on winter range. | poor quality of tropical range forage leads to excessive weight loss and poor reproductive performance of beef cows. this research measured 1) the digestibility by steers fed creeping bluestem (schizachyrium scoparium var. stoloniferum) diets supplemented with cane molasses (0 or 20% of diet dm) and(or) added cp (no added cp, urea, or soybean meal) and 2) the performance of mature cows grazing creeping bluestem range and supplemented with 1.6 kg/(cow.d) (dm basis) of either molasses-urea or mola ... | 1995 | 7608020 |
| species-specific patterns of hydraulic lift in co-occurring adult trees and grasses in a sandhill community. | plants can significantly affect ecosystem water balance by hydraulic redistribution (hr) from dry to wet soil layers via roots (also called hydraulic lift, hl, when the redistribution is from deep to shallow soil). however, the information on how co-occurring species in natural habitats differ in hl ability is insufficient. in a field study, we compared hl ability of four tree species (including three congeneric oak species) and two c4 bunch grass species that co-occur in subxeric habitats of fa ... | 2004 | 14689298 |
| transgenerational effects of global environmental change: long-term co(2) and nitrogen treatments influence offspring growth response to elevated co(2). | global environmental changes can have immediate impacts on plant growth, physiology, and phenology. long-term effects that are only observable after one or more generations are also likely to occur. these transgenerational effects can result either from maternal environmental effects or from evolutionary responses to novel selection pressures and are important because they may alter the ultimate ecological impact of the environmental change. here, we show that transgenerational effects of atmosp ... | 2008 | 18716799 |
| seasonal changes in depth of water uptake for encroaching trees juniperus virginiana and pinus ponderosa and two dominant c4 grasses in a semiarid grassland. | we used the natural abundance of stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in soil (0.05-3 m depth), plant xylem and precipitation to determine the seasonal changes in sources of soil water uptake by two native encroaching woody species (pinus ponderosa p. & c. lawson, juniperus virginiana l.), and two c(4) grasses (schizachyrium scoparium (michx.) nash, panicum virgatum l.), in the semiarid sandhills grasslands of nebraska. grass species extracted most of their water from the upper soil pro ... | 2009 | 19203941 |
| herbivore and fungal pathogen exclusion affects the seed production of four common grassland species. | insect herbivores and fungal pathogens can independently affect plant fitness, and may have interactive effects. however, few studies have experimentally quantified the joint effects of insects and fungal pathogens on seed production in non-agricultural populations. we examined the factorial effects of insect herbivore exclusion (via insecticide) and fungal pathogen exclusion (via fungicide) on the population-level seed production of four common graminoid species (andropogon gerardii, schizachyr ... | 2010 | 20711408 |
| climate controls on grass culm production over a quarter century in a tallgrass prairie. | the flowering of grasses is a process critical to plant population dynamics and genetics, herbivore performance, and human health. to better understand the climate factors governing grass flowering, we analyzed the patterns of culm production over 25 years for three perennial tallgrass prairie species at konza prairie in kansas, usa. the three species (andropogon gerardii, sorghastrum nutans, and schizachyrium scoparium) all utilize the c4 photosynthetic pathway and were measured annually at the ... | 2010 | 20715635 |
| Composition and hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification performance of grasses and legumes from a mixed-species prairie. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 22085451 |
| climate warming and precipitation redistribution modify tree-grass interactions and tree species establishment in a warm-temperate savanna. | savanna tree-grass interactions may be particularly sensitive to climate change. establishment of two tree canopy dominants, post oak (quercus stellata) and eastern redcedar (juniperus virginiana), grown with the dominant c4 perennial grass (schizachyrium scoparium) in southern oak savanna of the united states were evaluated under four climatic scenarios for 6 years. tree-grass interactions were examined with and without warming (+1.5 °c) in combination with a long-term mean rainfall treatment a ... | 2012 | 23504841 |
| plant community richness and microbial interactions structure bacterial communities in soil. | plant species, plant community diversity and microbial interactions can significantly impact soil microbial communities, yet there are few data on the interactive effects of plant species and plant community diversity on soil bacterial communities. we hypothesized that plant species and plant community diversity affect soil bacterial communities by setting the context in which bacterial interactions occur. specifically, we examined soil bacterial community composition and diversity in relation t ... | 2015 | 26236898 |
| nutritive value response of native warm-season forage grasses to harvest intervals and durations in mixed stands. | interest in management of native warm-season grasses for multiple uses is growing in southeastern usa. forage quality response of early-succession mixed stands of big bluestem (bb, andropogon gerardii), indiangrass (ig, sorghastrum nutans), and little bluestem (sg, schizachyrium scoparium) to harvest intervals (30-, 40-, 60-, 90 or 120-d) and durations (one or two years) were assessed in crop-field buffers. over three years, phased harvestings were initiated in may, on sets of randomized plots, ... | 2014 | 27135504 |
| diffuse symbioses: roles of plant-plant, plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions in structuring the soil microbiome. | a conceptual model emphasizing direct host-microbe interactions has dominated work on host-associated microbiomes. to understand plant-microbiome associations, however, broader influences on microbiome composition and functioning must be incorporated, such as those arising from plant-plant and microbe-microbe interactions. we sampled soil microbiomes associated with target plant species (andropogon gerardii, schizachyrium scoparium, lespedeza capitata, lupinus perennis) grown in communities vary ... | 2014 | 24148029 |
| effects of plant host species and plant community richness on streptomycete community structure. | we investigated soil streptomycete communities associated with four host plant species (two warm season c4 grasses: andropogon gerardii, schizachyrium scoparium and two legumes: lespedeza capitata, lupinus perennis), grown in plant communities varying in species richness. we used actinobacteria-selective pcr coupled with pyrosequencing to characterize streptomycete community composition and structure. the greatest pairwise distances between communities were observed in contrasts between monocult ... | 2013 | 23013423 |
| plant species differ in their ability to reduce allocation to non-beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. | theory suggests that cheaters threaten the persistence of mutualisms, but that sanctions to prevent cheating can stabilize mutualisms. in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, reports of parasitism suggest that reductions in plant carbon allocation are not universally effective. i asked whether plant species differences in mycorrhizal responsiveness would affect both their susceptibility to parasitism and their reduction in allocation to non-beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) in high- ... | 2012 | 22690621 |
| invasive warm-season grasses reduce mycorrhizal root colonization and biomass production of native prairie grasses. | soil organisms play important roles in regulating ecosystem-level processes and the association of arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi with a plant species can be a central force shaping plant species' ecology. understanding how mycorrhizal associations are affected by plant invasions may be a critical aspect of the conservation and restoration of native ecosystems. we examined the competitive ability of old world bluestem, a non-native grass (caucasian bluestem [bothriochloa bladhii]), and the in ... | 2012 | 21845465 |
| isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers for bothriochloa ischaemum (poaceae). | microsatellite primers were developed for bothriochloa ischaemum to investigate the structure of invasive populations within texas and determine the origin of introduction from within the native range. | 2011 | 21700803 |
| evaluating plant-soil feedback together with competition in a serpentine grassland. | plants can alter biotic and abiotic soil characteristics in ways that feedback to change the performance of that same plant species relative to co-occurring plants. most evidence for this plant-soil feedback comes from greenhouse studies of potted plants, and consequently, little is known about the importance of feedback in relation to other biological processes known to structure plant communities, such as plant-plant competition. in a field experiment with three c4 grasses, negative feedback w ... | 2007 | 17498138 |
| contribution of flexible allocation priorities to herbivory tolerance in c4 perennial grasses: an evaluation with (13)c labeling. | the ability of plants to rapidly replace photosynthetic tissues following defoliation represents a resistance strategy referred to as herbivory tolerance. rapid reprioritization of carbon allocation to regrowing shoots at the expense of roots following defoliation is a widely documented tolerance mechanism. an experiment was conducted in a controlled environment to test the hypothesis that herbivory-sensitive perennial grasses display less flexibility in reprioritizing carbon allocation in respo ... | 1996 | 28307076 |
| ammonia volatilization during drought in perennial c4 grasses of tallgrass prairie. | we measured foliar nh3 volatilization as part of our study of the decrease (up to 40%) in shoot n concentration during drought in three perennial c4 grasses of tallgrass prairie. volatilization of recently expanded leaves was quantified using cuvettes and acid traps for spartina pectinata, andropogon gerardii, and schizachyrium scoparium, a mesic, intermediate, and xeric species, respectively. in general, volatilization decreased during drought, approaching zero as stomates closed, and increased ... | 1995 | 28307058 |
| the use of stable carbon isotope analysis in rooting studies. | stable carbon isotope analysis was evaluated as a means of predicting the relative proportions of c3 and c4 root phytomass in species mixtures. the following mixtures of c3 and c4 species were used: 1) big bluestem (andropogon gerardii)/cheatgrass (bromus tectorum), 2) little bluestem (schizachyrium scoparium)/cheatgrass, and 3) sorghum (sorghum bicolor)/sunflower (helianthus annuus). there was a significant correlation (p<0.01) between % c4 phytomass and stable carbon isotope values for each of ... | 1985 | 28311309 |
| relative performance of non-local cultivars and local, wild populations of switchgrass (panicum virgatum) in competition experiments. | the possibility of increased invasiveness in cultivated varieties of native perennial species is a question of interest in biofuel risk assessment. competitive success is a key factor in the fitness and invasive potential of perennial plants, and thus the large-scale release of high-yielding biomass cultivars warrants empirical comparisons with local conspecifics in the presence of competitors. we evaluated the performance of non-local cultivars and local wild biotypes of the tallgrass species p ... | 2016 | 27120201 |
| yield and nutritive quality of sericea lespedeza (lespedeza cuneata) and little bluestem (schizachyrium scoparium) exposed to ground-level ozone. | sericea lespedeza (lespedeza cuneata cv. interstate 76) and little bluestem (schizachyrium scoparium cv. aldous) were raised from seed in a glasshouse, transplanted into 5.7-l pots and placed into open-top chambers (otc) on 6 june 1999. following a 7-day adjustment period, each of six otcs (duplicate otcs per treatment) was ventilated with either air that had been carbon-filtered (cf) to remove ambient ozone (o3); non-filtered (nf), representative of ambient air; or enriched to twice-ambient o3 ... | 2003 | 12547521 |