| visual responding in macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | | 1979 | 542526 |
| continuous light increases n-acetyltransferase activity in the optic lobe of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man (crustacea: decapoda). | giant freshwater prawns, macrobrachium rosenbergii de man, were reared under three different lighting conditions: continuous darkness (dd), 12 hr of light and 12 hr of darkness (ld 12:12) and continuous light (ll). after one month, the prawns were sacrificed and optic lobes isolated from the eyestalks were determined for n-acetyltransferase (nat) activities and melatonin concentrations. gonads were weighed and examined under light microscopy. the optic lobes from ll prawns contained significantl ... | 1992 | 1435057 |
| l-(3h) glutamate binding to a membrane preparation from the optic lobe of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | membrane preparation from the optic lobe of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii de man, was examined for the presence of specific l-(3h) glutamate binding. the optic lobes were isolated from live animals. the tissue was homogenized and the membrane fraction isolated by differential centrifugation. the membrane suspension was incubated with 10-1,000 nm of l-(3h) glutamate at 37 degrees c for 60 min. nonspecific binding was determined by incubating the mixture with 100 microm l-g ... | 1991 | 1670895 |
| continuous darkness stimulates body growth of the juvenile giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | the effect of photoperiod on growth of juvenile giant freshwater prawns, macrobrachium rosenbergii de man, was tested. the prawns were divided into four groups and each group was reared under one of the following light-dark conditions: continuous darkness (l0:d24), 12 hr light: 12 hr dark (l12:d12), 16 hr light: 8 hr dark (l16:d8), and 20 hr light: 4 hr dark (l20:d4). body size was determined at the age of 45, 75, and 110 days by measuring total length, orbital length, and carapace length; body ... | 1990 | 2242513 |
| predation and control of laboratory populations of the snail biomphalaria glabrata by the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | laboratory experiments were conducted on predation by the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, on biomphalaria glabrata, a snail intermediate host of human schistosomiasis. prawns greater than 22 mm carapace length could consume snails of any size. smaller prawns exhibited a size-specific upper limit on the size of snail they could kill. below the maximum size of prey consumed, little selectivity for prey size was demonstrated. all prawns heavier than 2.5 g killed the largest size ... | 1990 | 2260905 |
| effect of androgenic gland ablation on morphotypic differentiation and sexual characteristics of male freshwater prawns, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | mature males of the freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man), may change from one to another morphotype, according to a set sequence. small males may develop into orange-claw males and orange-claw males into dominant blue-claw males. each of the three morphotypes demonstrates distinctive reproductive behavior and secondary sexual characteristics. the role of the androgenic gland in this morphotypic transformation was examined experimentally by bilateral androgenic gland ablation (and ... | 1990 | 2295418 |
| toxicity of the organophosphorous insecticide metamidophos (o,s-dimethyl phosphoramidothioate) to larvae of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) and the blue shrimp penaeus stylirostris stimpson. | | 1989 | 2775897 |
| serological characterization of humoral lectins from the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | we have detected and partially characterized multiple lectins present in the serum of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. since agglutination of erythrocytes (rbc) is not abolished by treatment with vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (vcn), macrobrachium shows an agglutination pattern different from that of other sialic acid-specific lectins such as limulus polyphemus lectin. however, after absorption with primate and bird vcn-treated rbc, macrobrachium serum exhibits high titers with unt ... | 1983 | 6840378 |
| masculinization of female macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) (decapoda, palaemonidae) by androgenic gland implantation. | | 1980 | 7190950 |
| effects of androgenic gland ablation on male primary and secondary sexual characteristics in the malaysian prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) (decapoda, palaemonidae), with first evidence of induced feminization in a nonhermaphroditic decapod. | | 1980 | 7409450 |
| n-acetyltransferase, hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase and melatonin in the optic lobes of the giant tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. | the activities of the enzymes n-acetyltransferase (nat) and hydroxyindole-o-methyltransferase (hiomt) and the hormone melatonin were studied in the optic lobe of the subadult giant tiger shrimp penaeus monodon. compared with the level in other species, a relatively high level of nat activity that was temperature- and ph-dependent were observed. the nat enzyme had a relatively high maximum velocity (vmax, 100 pmol/hr/micrograms protein) and low michaelis constant (km, 22 microm), when tryptamine ... | 1995 | 8531052 |
| toxicity of phenol on macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) eggs, larvae, and post-larvae. | | 1997 | 9008059 |
| participation of a sialic acid-specific lectin from freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes in the recognition of non-self cells. | phagocytic activity of circulating hemocytes from freshwater prawns is mediated by a small group of granulocytes. recognition of nonself cells by these cells seems to be mediated by two independent mechanisms: specific, via o-acetylsialic acid, as well as n-acetylated sugars on recognized cells and a nonspecific one. both mechanisms show differences in their optimal temperature and time differences for activity. hemocytes with phagocytic activity interact positively with rabbit igg raised agains ... | 1997 | 9379153 |
| phenoloxidase activity of hemocytes derived from penaeus monodon and macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the phenoloxidase (po) activity of hemocyte lysate supernatant (hls) from both tiger shrimp (penaeus monodon) and giant freshwater prawn (macro-branchium rosenbergii) was examined by treating hls with various factors, such as an increase in temperatures from 25 to 70 degrees c, one of four elicitors (beta-1,3-1,6-glucan, zymosan, heat-killed vibrio cells, and lipopolysaccharide), trypsin, one of three protease inhibitors (soybean trypsin inhibitor, p-nitrophenyl-p'-guanidinobenzoate, and benzami ... | 1998 | 9446734 |
| hemocytes of the palaemonids macrobrachium rosenbergii and m. acanthurus, and of the penaeid penaeus paulensis. | the hemocytes of two palaemonids and one penaeid were characterized using light and transmission electron microscopy (tem). the blood cells in all three species were classified as hyaline hemocytes (hh), small granule hemocytes (sgh), and large granule hemocytes (lgh). the hh are unstable hemocytes with a characteristic high nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio. their cytoplasm appears particularly dense and has from few to numerous granules that often exhibit a typical striated substructure. in both palaem ... | 1998 | 9606943 |
| altered glycosylation pattern of proteins in alzheimer disease. | post-translational modifications due to glycosylation of proteins in human brains from patients with alzheimer disease (ad) were analyzed using lectin histochemistry. results indicate a significant increase in the production of o-glycosylated (containing galbeta1,3galnac alpha1,0 ser/thr or galnac alpha1,0 ser/thr) proteins in neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles which are the major histopathological hallmarks of ad brains. these alterations were determined by positive labelling with lec ... | 1998 | 9786241 |
| isolation and characterization of an enterococcus-like bacterium causing muscle necrosis and mortality in macrobrachium rosenbergii in taiwan. | a gram-positive, ovoid, diplococoid bacterium tentatively identified as enterococcus-like was isolated from diseased macrobrachium rosenbergii in taiwanese aquaculture ponds. the diseased prawns displayed poor growth, anorexia, inactivity, opaque and whitish musculature, and mortality. in histological preparations, melanized hemocytic granulomas were seen in the connective tissue around hemal sinuses together with hemocytic aggregation in necrotic musculature. five isolates of diplococci were co ... | 1998 | 9828405 |
| enterococcus-like infections in macrobrachium rosenbergii are exacerbated by high ph and temperature but reduced by low salinity. | macrobrachium rosenbergii (10 to 15 g and 8 to 12 g at intermolt) were challenged with an enterococcus-like bacterium (strain km002) previously isolated and identified as the causal agent of mortality. challenge doses and conditions of ph, salinity and temperature were varied to determine the influence of environmental factors on the development of disease and mortality. survival was 100% for the unchallenged control groups in all trials. in ph tests, the onset of mortality was earlier at ph 8.8 ... | 1998 | 9867438 |
| sexual dimorphism in n-acetyltransferase and melatonin levels in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | n-acetyltransferase (nat) and melatonin were determined in the optic lobe of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. the prawns were divided into three groups: fast-growing "jumper" males; slow-growing "laggard" males; and females. both nat and melatonin levels in the jumper and laggard males were comparable, whereas those of the female were significantly lower. the results suggested a sexual dimorphism in the nat and melatonin in the optic lobe of this species. it was also ... | 1999 | 10231731 |
| immunochemical analysis and immunocytochemical localization of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone from the eyestalk of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | heptapeptide (yanavqv-nh2 = t-) and octapeptide (yanavqtv-nh2 = t+), the putative c-terminus of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) from the eyestalk of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii, was synthesized by solid phase peptide synthesis and conjugated to bovine serum albumin, then used for immunization in swiss mice. specificity of the antisera against both peptides was determined by indirect immunoperoxidase elisa. the best response of antiserum against each peptide was us ... | 1999 | 10582322 |
| acute toxicity of the fungicide copper oxychloride to the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | | 2000 | 10903363 |
| application of bacterins and yeast acremonium dyosporii to protect the larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii from vibriosis. | | 2000 | 11016590 |
| chemical characterization of the lectin from the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) by maldi-tof. | the serum of the freshwater prawn contains a sialic acid specific lectin (mrl) that agglutinates erythrocytes from rat and rabbit, as well as some gram negative and positive bacterial strains. in this work, we performed the chemical characterization of the mrl purified by affinity chromatography on stroma from rat erythrocytes and by ion exchange chromatography. in its active form, mrl is a dimeric glycoprotein with 9.5 kda per subunit. the amino acid sequence of the lectin was deduced from pept ... | 2000 | 11079378 |
| dietary vitamin-e modulates antioxidant defence system in giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of supplementary vitamin-e (200, 400 and 600 mg/kg feed) on lipid peroxidation (lpx) and antioxidant defence system in gills and hepatopancreas of the freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. results indicated that vitamin-e inhibited lpx in the hepatopancreas in a comparatively lower dose than gills. superoxide dismutase (sod) activity was decreased significantly in gills in response to all the three supplemented diet, but in ... | 2000 | 11081417 |
| responses of giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii) to challenge by two strains of aeromonas spp. | the virulence of two aeromonas strains (a. veronii and a. caviae) isolated from the hepatopancreas of apparently healthy giant freshwater prawns (macrobrachium rosenbergii) was compared using a challenge by injections. for the a. veronii strain, challenge with 3.7 x 10(5) cells/g of body weight led to 100% mortality; for the a. caviae strain, 3.8 x 10(6) cells/g produced 100% mortality. the 50% lethal doses (ld50) were 2.0 x 10(3) cells/g for a. veronii and 51.2 x 10(3) cells/g for a. caviae. us ... | 2000 | 11112373 |
| identification of lectin isoforms in juvenile freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii (deman, 1879). | from the serum of juvenile freshwater prawns, we isolated by affinity chromatography on glutaraldehyde-fixed rat erythrocytes stroma, immobilized in sephadex g-25, a sialic acid specific lectin of 9.6 kda per subunit. comparative analysis against adult organisms purified lectin, by chromatofocusing, showed that the lectin from juvenile specimens is composed by four main isoforms with a pi of 4.2, 4.6, 5.1, and 5.6, whereas the lectin from adults is eluted at ph 4.2. the amino acid composition of ... | 2000 | 11261843 |
| effects of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the haemocyte profile of the prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii was investigated for its total haemocyte count (thc) based on season, sex, size and feeding rate. the thc, when the prawns were subjected to injections of foreign materials was also investigated. the prawns displayed the highest and lowest thc in autumn and winter respectively, with no significant difference between male and female, or among animals with a body weight range of 7-115 g. the prawns displayed the lowest thc at d3 stage, and the h ... | 2001 | 11271602 |
| lactococcus garvieae infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobranchium rosenbergii confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and 16s rdna sequencing. | an epizootic bacterial infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobranchium rosenbergii occurred in taiwan from may to june 1999. the cumulative mortality was approximately 30 to 75%. the diseased prawns showed opaque and whitish muscles and were approximately 2 mo old with total lengths from 5 to 6 cm. histopathologically, they showed marked edema and necrotic lesions with inflammation in the muscles and hepatopancreas. bacteria isolated using brain heart infusion medium or tryptic soy agar w ... | 2001 | 11411643 |
| hepatopancreas is the extraovarian site of vitellogenin synthesis in black tiger shrimp, penaeus monodon. | the site of yolk protein synthesis in crustaceans has long been a subject of controversy. the vitellogenin gene structure was partially reported only very recently in macrobrachium rosenbergii, after which the hepatopancreas was confirmed as the extraovarian site of vitellogenin synthesis in that species. ovaries are the most frequently reported as the site of yolk protein synthesis in penaeid shrimp. using cdna reversed-transcribed from mrna isolated from the hepatopancreas of vitellogenic fema ... | 2001 | 11440876 |
| the susceptibility of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii to lactococcus garvieae and its resistance under copper sulfate stress. | addition of copper sulfate (0.1 to 0.4 mg l(-1)) to tryptic soy broth (tsb) had no effect on growth rate of the bacterial pathogen lactococcus garvieae. giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii were injected with l. garvieae (4 x 10(6) colony-forming units [cfu] prawn(-1)) grown in tsb or tsb containing copper sulfate at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 mg l(-1). after 48 h, the cumulative mortality was significantly (p < 0.05) higher for prawns exposed to l. garvieae grown in 0.4 mg l(-1) copper s ... | 2001 | 11775795 |
| acute toxicity of the pesticides endosulfan and ametryne to the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man. | | 2001 | 11911635 |
| the virulence of enterococcus to freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress. | growth of pathogen bacterium. enterococcus was not affected in tryptic soy broth (tsb) medium containing ammonia-n concentration in the range of 0-5.14 mg l(-1). giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (8-12 g) were challenged with enterococcus which had been incubated for 24 h in tsb medium containing different concentrations of ammonia-n at 0-5.14 mg l(-1) cumulative mortality of m. rosenbergii was higher for the bacteria incubated in tsb medium having ammonia-n at 0 and 0.26 mg l(-1) ... | 2002 | 11911679 |
| inter- and intra-individual variation in resting oxygen consumption in post-larvae of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | in a study of the factors that influence metabolic rate in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii, resting oxygen consumption (roc) was measured in 90 post-larvae ranging in size from 0.1 to 2.8 g. as in many other animal species, roc was strongly negatively related to body weight. a stressful event (anaesthesia with or without tagging) caused a sharp increase in the roc that disappeared over a time scale of hours. as has been demonstrated for other species of crustaceans, roc was ... | 2002 | 12020662 |
| effect of nitrite on interaction between the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii and its pathogen lactococcus garvieae. | addition of nitrite-n at 1.5 mg l(-1) in tryptic soy broth (tsb) significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the growth rate of the bacterial pathogen lactococcus garvieae and significantly (p < 0.05) reduced mortality compared to zero nitrite controls when injected into giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii at 5 x 10(5) colony-forming units (cfu) per prawn. in other experiments, whereby prawns were injected with tsb-grown l. garvieae (5 x 10(5) cfu prawn(-1)) and then held in water containin ... | 2002 | 12219975 |
| differential expression of cmg peptide and crustacean hyperglycemic hormones (chhs) in the eyestalk of the giant tiger prawn penaeus monodon. | mouse antiserum against c-terminal amide of pem-cmg (a peptide in the family of chh/mih/gih) penta-deca peptide (rprqrnqyraalqrlamide=cmg-15) was generated and used for localization of the peptide in tissue and extract of the eyestalk of penaeus monodon by means of immunohistochemistry and dot-elisa in comparison with anti-t+ antiserum (t+=yanavqtvamide : the putative c-terminal amide of crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) of macrobrachium rosenbergii). the anti-cmg-15 antiserum did not show ... | 2002 | 12431732 |
| effect of hypoxia on the immune response of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii and its susceptibility to pathogen enterococcus. | giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii (14-19 g) were challenged with enterococcus (3 x 10(5) cfu prawn(-1)) previously incubated in tsb medium for 24 h, then placed in water having concentrations of dissolved oxygen (do) at 7.75, 4.75, 2.75 and 1.75 mg l(-1). onset of mortality occurred after 6 h exposure to 1.75 mg l(-1) do, and after 12 h exposure to 2.75 mg 1(-1) do. cumulative mortality of prawns at 1.75 mg l(-1) do was significantly higher than that at 4.75 and 2.75 mg l(-1) do, ... | 2002 | 12458742 |
| classification and characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from the intestines of common carp and freshwater prawns. | fifty-four isolates of lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the intestines of the common carp (cyprinus carpio) and freshwater prawns (macrobrachium rosenbergii) in nakorn-pathom province, thailand. all isolates were gram-positive and catalase-negative cocci that did not produce gas from glucose and formed dl or l(+) lactic acid only. most isolates were able to grow in broth at ph 9.6, in 6.5% nacl (w/v) and 40% (w/v) bile. these isolates were divided into six groups (a-f) by sugar fermentati ... | 1999 | 12501375 |
| effect of benzalkonium chloride stress on immune resistance and susceptibility to lactococcus garvieae in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | addition of benzalkonium chloride (bkc) at 0, 0.3, 0.6 and 1.0 mg l(-1) to tryptic soy broth (tsb) had no effect on growth of lactococcus garvieae, a bacterial pathogen of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. however, injection of the cultured cells into prawns at a dose of 4 x 10(6) colony-forming units (cfu) prawn(-1) resulted in significantly higher mortality at 120 h (p < 0.05) in prawns injected with cells grown in the absence of bkc than in prawns injected with cells grown ... | 2003 | 12691193 |
| metschnikowia bicuspidata and enterococcus faecium co-infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | in may 2001, an epizootic yeast and bacterial co-infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii occurred in taiwan causing a cumulative mortality of 25%. the diseased prawns had a yellowish-brown body color, milky hemolymph, opaque, whitish muscles, and were approximately 7 mo old with total lengths ranging from 8 to 10 cm. histopathological examination showed marked edema, yeast infiltration, and necrotic lesions with inflammation in the muscles, hepatopancreas and other inte ... | 2003 | 12911064 |
| a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (s-elisa) for detection of mrnv in the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (s-elisa) was developed to improve diagnosis of white tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, caused by the nodavirus, mrnv. polyclonal antibodies were produced by immunization of balb/c mice using a purified suspension of the virus and igg anti-mrnv were purified from ascitic fluid. a sandwich method was successfully developed, coating first with unlabelled antibody and detecting trapped antigens with a second biotinyla ... | 2003 | 12962215 |
| extra small virus-like particles (xsv) and nodavirus associated with whitish muscle disease in the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | a disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii, the giant freshwater prawn, farmed in china was recently recorded in zhejiang, jiangsu, shanghai, guangxi and guangdong provinces. the clinical sign of the disease, which develops in post-larvae (pl), is a whitish appearance of the muscles, particularly noticeable in the abdomen. mortalities may reach 100% in some hatcheries. investigations by transmission electron microscopy after negative staining of diseased pl homogenates showed the presence of two typ ... | 2003 | 14575370 |
| genome-based detection methods of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus, a pathogen of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii dot-blot, in situ hybridization and rt-pcr. | the availability of specific and rapid detection methods is essential for monitoring the health status of farmed species, particularly in viral diseases as in this case early diagnosis is a critical factor in containing disease outbreaks. three complementary genome-based methods were developed for the detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv), i.e. dot-blot hybridization, in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). detection limits were estab ... | 2003 | 14653316 |
| enzymatic digestion--a safe and rapid technique for individual separation of macrobrachium rosenbergii embryos for cryopreservation studies. | a new, safe, and rapid technique for the individual separation of the embryos of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii de man is described. two protease enzymes, e.g., trypsin and collagenase were used. embryos in the advanced stage of development (gray embryos with eyespot and heart beat) were selected for the study. treatment with collagenase and trypsin at respective concentrations of 0.05 and 0.25% for 30 min resulted in 100% separation of 35-40 mg of embryonic mass (approximately ... | 2003 | 14697736 |
| effect of potassium permanganate stress on immune resistance and susceptibility to lactococcus garvieae in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | this work is part of a continuing series of investigations on the effect of commonly used aquaculture chemicals on the immune resistance and susceptibility of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii to lactococcus garvieae. the methodology has been described in earlier publications of the series. potassium permanganate at 1.0 mg l(-1) in tryptic soy broth (tsb) had no effect on the growth rate of l. garvieae. the mortality of m. rosenbergii challenged with 4 x 10(6) colony-forming u ... | 2003 | 14735934 |
| characteristics of the monocistronic genome of extra small virus, a virus-like particle associated with macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus: possible candidate for a new species of satellite virus. | white tail disease (wtd) causes a high mortality rate in the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. the pathogenic agent is a small virus, 25 nm in diameter, macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv), associated with extra small virus (xsv), a virus-like particle,15 nm in diameter. sequencing of the xsv genome showed that it consists of a linear single-stranded rna of 796 nucleotides, encoding a single structural protein, the capsid cp-17. the genome is in sense orientation, ended by a sho ... | 2004 | 14993649 |
| chitinimonas taiwanensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel chitinolytic bacterium isolated from a freshwater pond for shrimp culture. | a bacterial strain, designated cft was isolated from surface water of a freshwater pond for shrimp (macrobrachium rosenbergii) culture at ping-tung (southern taiwan). cells of this organism were gram-negative, slightly curved rods which were motile by means of a single polar flagellum. strain cft utilized chitin as the exclusive carbon, nitrogen, and energy source for growth, both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. optimum conditions for growth were between 25 and 37 degrees c, 0 and 1% nac ... | 2004 | 15053320 |
| toxicity study of the oil dispersant corexit 9527 on macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) egg hatchability by using a flow-through bioassay technique. | the effect of the oil-spill dispersant corexit 9527 on egg-hatching rate of macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) was studied by using an innovated flow-through bioassay technique. this bioassay method relies on the fact that m. rosenbergii fertilized eggs when detached from the mother prawn were able to hatch artificially. the flow-through system generated a stable and good water quality environment for hatching the eggs successfully. the corexit 9527 had a pronounced effect on hatching rate of th ... | 1995 | 15091547 |
| appendage deformity syndrome--a nutritional disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | culture of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii as an alternative to penaeid shrimp has recently increased in coastal areas of southern india in order to avoid numerous problems, particularly with white spot syndrome virus (wssv). however, m. rosenbergii culture is now threatened by a new disease, appendage deformity syndrome (ads), that also results in high mortality. analysis of ads prawns for viruses such as wssv, monodon baculovirus (mbv) and infectious hypodermal and hematopoeitic ... | 2004 | 15212295 |
| changes in lysosomal enzyme activity and protection against vibrio infection in macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) post larvae after bath immunostimulation with beta-glucan. | | 2004 | 15312665 |
| participation of serum and membrane lectins on the oxidative burst regulation in macrobrachium rosenbergii hemocytes. | using a spectrophotometric nbt reduction assay and phagocytosis, we identified that production of superoxide anions and phagocytic activity of hemocytes from macrobrachium rosenbergii were significantly higher in the presence of rat, rabbit, and chicken erythrocytes than with human, pig, or horse erythrocytes. hemocytes stimulated with mrl, mrlmab, or pma increased 4.7, 5.1, and 6.1 fold, respectively, the oxidative response as compared to non-stimulated hemocytes. mrlmab together with mrl incre ... | 2005 | 15450751 |
| reconciling geography and genealogy: phylogeography of giant freshwater prawns from the lake carpentaria region. | there is convincing geological evidence for the historical existence of an ancient lake on the australian-new guinea continental shelf during the late pleistocene. lake carpentaria was a vast fresh- to brackishwater lake that would presumably have provided habitat for, and facilitated gene flow among, aquatic taxa that tolerate low to moderate salinities in this region. moreover, it has been argued that the outflow of papua new guinea's fly river was diverted westward into lake carpentaria durin ... | 2004 | 15488008 |
| effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa (mtcc 1688) on the tissue phosphatases activity on macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | a time course study on the endotoxin toxicity of the gram negative bacteria, pseudomonas aeruginosa mtcc 1688 on the tissue phosphatases activity on the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii was conducted. the results revealed marked elevation of both acid and alkaline phosphatase activity in the haemolymph and body muscle. the hepatopancreas showed reduced phosphatase activity compared to control. the enzymes, being non-specific in action and particularly the acid phosphatase being ... | 2004 | 15529879 |
| immunomodulation by 'immuplus (aquaimmu)' in giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | immuplus, a polyherbal commercial formulation was used to modulate the immune system of commercially important giant freshwater prawn m. rosenbergii. the prawns were fed with basal diet supplemented with immuplus at 1g/kg feed for 4 weeks. results showed that the phenoloxidase activity (po), haemagglutination and lysozyme activities were significantly elevated in immuplus-fed prawn up to 3 weeks of feeding and declined after 4 weeks of feeding. the total protein level in immuplus-fed prawn raise ... | 2004 | 15587112 |
| fecundity and fertility of macrobrachium amazonicum (crustacea, palaemonidae). | in brazil, studies with native freshwater prawn species were discontinued due to great importance of macrobrachium rosenbergii. therefore, it is necessary to continue investigations about our species, in order to develop technology adequate to our reality and in a future allow prawn farmers to culture other species. the aim of this study was to determine the fecundity and fertility of macrobrachium amazonicum captured monthly from june 1999 to june 2001 from jaguaribe river, itaiçaba, ceará, bra ... | 2004 | 15622846 |
| white tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii: separation of the associated virions and characterization of mrnv as a new type of nodavirus. | white tail disease of the farmed freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, is the cause of mortalities in the french west indies, china and india. two different sized particles, both developing in the cytoplasm of target cells, are found associated with diseased animals. these two viruses were separated, purified and subsequently characterized. the larger one, called mrnv, is icosahedral in shape and 27 nm in diameter. its genome is composed of two fragments of linear single-stranded rna (ss- ... | 2005 | 15660790 |
| experimental transmission and tissue tropism of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus (xsv). | white tail disease (wtd) was found to be a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india. the causative organisms have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus (xsv). experimentally transmitted to healthy animals, they caused 100% mortality in post-larvae but failed to cause mortality in adult prawns. the rt-pcr assay revealed the presence of both viruses in moribund post-larvae and in gill tissue, head muscle ... | 2004 | 15672874 |
| the peroxinectin of white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei is synthesised in the semi-granular and granular cells, and its transcription is up-regulated with vibrio alginolyticus infection. | peroxinectin mrna expression in the different types of haemocytes of white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei was studied by in situ hybridisation using digoxigenin-utp-labelled riboprobes and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). granular cells (gc) and a mixture of semi-granular cells (sgc) and hyaline cells (hc) were separated by 70% percoll gradient centrifugation. peroxinectin was synthesised in both gc and the mixture of sgc-hc. an in situ hybridisation assay indicated that pe ... | 2005 | 15683919 |
| simultaneous detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus by a single tube, one-step multiplex rt-pcr assay. | post-larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with white tail disease were collected from hatcheries and nursery ponds in india. the causative organisms have been identified as macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv). a one-step multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) has been developed to detect these viruses simultaneously in naturally and experimentally infected prawns. several parameters were assayed in order to optimize the proto ... | 2005 | 15705151 |
| dopamine depresses the immune ability and increases susceptibility to lactococcus garvieae in the freshwater giant prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the total haemocyte count (thc), phenoloxidase activity, respiratory burst (release of superoxide anion), superoxide dismutase activity, and phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to the pathogen lactococcus garvieae were measured when freshwater giant prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii (16.2 +/- 2.1 g) were individually injected with saline, or dopamine at 0.5, 5.0, or 50.0 pmol prawn(-1). the results show that a transient period of immunosuppression occurred between 2 and 8 h after injecti ... | 2005 | 15820127 |
| differences in susceptibility of palaemonid shrimp species to yellow head virus (yhv) infection. | five species of palaemonid shrimp, macrobrachium rosenbergii, m. lanchesteri, m. sintangense, palaemon styliferus and p. serrifer, were collected from penaeus monodon farming areas in thailand. some of each species were artificially infected with yellow head virus (yhv) by injection and then monitored by rt-pcr and by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies specific to 116 kda, 64 kda, and 20 kda proteins of yhv. natural yhv infections were not detected in any of the shrimp examined. in ... | 2005 | 15900682 |
| cloning the prophenoloxidase cdna and monitoring the expression of propo mrna in prawns (macrobrachium rosenbergii) stimulated in vivo by cpg oligodeoxynucleotides. | the prophenoloxidase (propo) system forms the basis of the non-specific defence system in crustaceans. the aim of this study was to develop an rt-pcr procedure to determine propo gene expression. we used several degenerate primers designed from the conserved regions in amino acid sequences of propos from other species to clone the possible cdna(s) from the haemocytes of the prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. one dna fragment, 2016 bp long, was cloned by a combination of reverse transcriptase-polym ... | 2006 | 15961318 |
| the toxic effect of phthalate esters on immune responses of giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii) via oral treatment. | a previous in vitro study has indicated that four phthalate esters (paes) could damage hemocytes and decreases the cellular immunity of prawns [sung, h.h., kao, w.y., su, y.j., 2003. effects and toxicity of phthalate esters to hemocytes of giant freshwater prawn, macrobranchium rosenbergii. aquat. toxicol. 64, 25-37]. the aim of this study was to investigate the in vivo effect of four paes, diethyl phthalate (dep), dihexyl phthalate (dhp), dipropyl phthalate (dprp) and diphenyl phthalate (dpp) o ... | 2005 | 15993956 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase (cytmn-sod) from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | a cytosolic manganese superoxide dismutase (cytmn-sod) cdna was cloned from the hepatopancreas of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) by degenerate primers. both 3'- and 5'-regions were isolated by rapid amplification of cdna end race method. analysis of nucleotide sequence revealed that the cytmn-sod cdna clone consists of 1339 bp with an open reading frame of 858 bp encoding a protein of 286 amino acids. the calculated ... | 2006 | 16154362 |
| gross signs and histopathology of branchiostegal blister disease (balloon disease): an idiopathic disease of farmed macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, is facing increased threat due to disease as its culture becomes more widespread. a disease characterized by the swelling of the branchiostegal region and deformities of the appendages, named balloon disease by farmers, has caused considerable economic loss in the nellore region of andhra pradesh, india. clinical signs of diseased animals include a voluminous hypertrophy of some gill filaments and the inner area of the branchiostegite. by hi ... | 2005 | 16159365 |
| trichlorfon, an organophosphorus insecticide, depresses the immune responses and resistance to lactococcus garvieae of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | the total haemocyte count (thc), phenoloxidase activity, respiratory bursts (release of superoxide anions), superoxide dismutase (sod) activity, and phagocytic activity and clearance efficiency to the pathogen lactococcus garvieae were measured when freshwater giant prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii (18.2+/-2.1 g) were individually reared in water containing concentrations of trichlorfon of 0, 0.2, or 0.4 mg l(-1) for a 144-h period. no significant differences in the thc were observed among prawn ... | 2006 | 16219476 |
| upregulation of actin-like gene expression in giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with metschnikowia bicuspidata. | the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii is commercially cultured throughout the world including taiwan. from 1992 to 1995, taiwanese production decreased by approximately 50% due to disease. the yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata is considered to be one of the major causes of white muscle disease, but the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis is not known. using rna differential display (dd) with muscle and hepatopancreatic tissue, we identified a 324 nucleotide (nt) message specific ... | 2005 | 16231645 |
| the effect of sugars and free amino acids from the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii hemolymph on lectin activity and on oxidative burst. | we determined the effect of low molecular weight components (lmwc) from healthy juvenile and adult macrobrachium rosenbergii hemolymph on lectin activity and oxidative burst (ob) in hemocytes. in an attempt to identify the lmwc that affect the lectin's hemagglutinating activity or oxidative burst, we determined the hemolymph carbohydrates and free amino acids (faa) concentration. the lmwc (<2000 da) were obtained after dialysis of the hemolymph. our results showed that lmwc from juveniles exerte ... | 2006 | 16290085 |
| engulfed pathogen-induced apoptosis in haemocytes of giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. | haemocytes of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, were investigated for the induction of apoptosis after phagocytosis of pathogenic yeasts, bacteria and non-pathogenic latex beads in vitro. isolated haemocytes of m. rosenbergii were cultured at a ratio of 1:50 haemocytes to pathogen with the yeast debaryomyces hansenii, the bacteria aeromonas hydrophila or enterococcus faecium, or with latex beads at 25 degrees c for 2 h, followed by washing to remove free particles. at least ... | 2005 | 16336474 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cu,zn-sod) from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | a copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cu,zn-sod) cdna was cloned from the hepatopancreas of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) by degenerate primers. both 3'- and 5'-regions were isolated by the rapid amplification of cdna ends method. analysis of nucleotide sequence revealed that the cu,zn-sod cdna clone consists of 845 bp with an open reading frame of 603 bp encoding a protein of 201 amino acids with a 22 amino acid sig ... | 2006 | 16356736 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of prophenoloxidase cdna from haemocytes of the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, and its transcription in relation with the moult stage. | expression of prophenoloxidase (propo) cdna was determined from haemocytes of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii by a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and rapid amplification of cdna using oligonucleotide primers based on the propo sequence of tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, freshwater crayfish pacifastacus leniusculus, green tiger shrimp penaeus semisulcatus, kuruma shrimp marsupenaeus japonicus, and white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei. the propo of m. rose ... | 2006 | 16376571 |
| molecular cloning and characterisation of peroxinectin, a cell adhesion molecule, from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | expression of peroxinectin cdna was determined from haemocytes of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii using oligonucleotide primers and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) based on the peroxinectin sequence of white shrimp litopenaeus vannamei, tiger shrimp penaeus monodon, and freshwater crayfish pacifastacus leniusculus. the peroxinectin of m. rosenbergii was constitutively expressed. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the cdna clone has an open ... | 2006 | 16377210 |
| antimicrobial activity of chitosan against vibrios from freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii larval rearing systems. | chitosan is a biocompatible and biodegradable natural polymer with established antimicrobial properties against specific microorganisms. the present study demonstrates its antibacterial activity against 48 isolates of vibrio species from prawn larval rearing systems. the antibacterial activity had a positive correlation with the concentration of chitosan. this work opens up avenues for using chitosan as a prophylactic biopolymer for protecting prawn larvae from vibriosis. | 2005 | 16385825 |
| dietary administration of bovine lactoferrin influences the immune ability of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) and its resistance against aeromonas hydrophila infection and nitrite stress. | haemocyte count, phenoloxidase activity, agglutinin levels, total protein content, bacterial clearance efficiency, resistance to the pathogen aeromonas hydrophila and nitrite stress were measured in the giant freshwater inter-moult sub-adult prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (15-20 g) which had been fed diets containing bovine lactoferrin (lf) at 50, 100, 200mg kg(-1) feed for 7 or 14 days. m. rosenbergii fed a diet containing 100mg lf kg(-1) diet for 7 days showed significant (p<0.05) increase in ... | 2006 | 16413208 |
| regionally specific distribution of the binding of anti-glutamine synthetase and anti-s100 antibodies and of datura stramonium lectin in glial domains of the optic lobe of the giant prawn. | we previously characterized some crustacean glial cells by markers such as 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase and glial fibrillary acidic protein. here we use antibodies against glutamine synthetase full-length molecule (anti-gs/fl), a gs c-terminal peptide (anti-gs/20aa-c), and brain s100 (anti-s100), as well as the binding of the insect glia and rat astrocytic marker datura stramonium lectin (dsl), in the optic lobe of the prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. all markers label the lamina ... | 2006 | 16435368 |
| a marine bacterium, micrococcus mccb 104, antagonistic to vibrios in prawn larval rearing systems. | a marine bacterium, micrococcus mccb 104, isolated from hatchery water, demonstrated extracellular antagonistic properties against vibrio alginolyticus, v. parahaemolyticus, v. vulnificus, v. fluviallis, v. nereis, v. proteolyticus, v. mediterranei, v cholerae and aeromonas sp., bacteria associated with macrobrachium rosenbergii larval rearing systems. the isolate inhibited the growth of v. alginolyticus during co-culture. the antagonistic component of the extracellular product was heat-stable a ... | 2005 | 16465832 |
| isolation of a pathogenic strain of vibrio alginolyticus from necrotic larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man). | | 2006 | 16533305 |
| cloning and characterisation of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mtmnsod) from the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | a cdna encoding a mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mtmnsod) was cloned from the hepatopancreas of giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) by degenerate primers. both 3'- and 5'-regions were isolated by rapid amplification of cdna end (race) pcr method. analysis of nucleotide sequence revealed that the mtmnsod full-length cdna consists of 1202bp containing an open reading frame of 654bp, which encodes a protein c ... | 2006 | 16621606 |
| rapid detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv), the pathogenic agents of white tail disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man), by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) procedure is described for rapid diagnosis of white tail disease, a viral disease caused by macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv), in the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii. this method was more sensitive than conventional rt-pcr for detecting the two viruses. a set of four primers, two outer and two inner, were designed for mrnv detection. an additional pair of loop primers was also used in an accele ... | 2006 | 16677317 |
| preparation of two recombinant crustacean hyperglycemic hormones from the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii, and their hyperglycemic activities. | crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (chh) is released from the x-organ/sinus gland complex located in the eyestalks, and regulates glucose levels in the hemolymph. in the giant freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii), two cdnas encoding different chh molecules were previously cloned by other workers. one of these (mar-chh-2) was expressed only in the eyestalks, whereas the other (mar-chh-l) was expressed in the heart, gills, antennal gland, and thoracic ganglion, but not in the eyestalks. howe ... | 2006 | 16702772 |
| white tail disease of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii in thailand. | white tail disease (wtd) of the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii has recently been the cause of high mortalities in thai prawn farms. the causative agents of this disease in other countries are m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv), which are usually detected using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) protocols. using rt-pcr, most thai post-larvae (pl) samples showing gross signs of wtd tested positive for mrnv but only a few were positive for ... | 2006 | 16724570 |
| cloning and characterisation of a prophenoloxidase from the haemocytes of mud crab scylla serrata. | a prophenoloxidase (propo) cdna was cloned from the haemocytes of mud crab scylla serrata using oligonucleotide primers and rt-pcr. both 3'- and 5'-regions were isolated by rapid amplification of cdna end (race) method. analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed that the cdna clone has a full length of 2663bp, with an open reading frame of 2019bp, a 124-bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 520-bp 3'-untranslated region containing a poly a signal. it encodes a protein of 673 amino acids with a pred ... | 2007 | 16806468 |
| artemia as a possible vector for macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus transmission (xsv) to macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae. | five developmental stages of artemia were exposed to macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) by immersion and oral routes in order to investigate the possibility of artemia acting as a reservoir or carrier of these viruses. the second objective was to determine if virus-exposed artemia were capable of transmitting the disease to post-larvae (pl) of m. rosenbergii. there was no significant difference in percent mortality between artemia control groups and groups cha ... | 2006 | 16875403 |
| quantitative relationship of two viruses (mrnv and xsv) in white-tail disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) were purified from diseased freshwater prawns m. rosenbergii and used to infect healthy post-larvae (pl) by an immersion method. three groups of prawns were challenged with various combined doses of mrnv and xsv. signs of white-tail disease (wtd) were observed in groups 1 and 2, which had been challenged with combinations containing relatively high proportions of mrnv and low proportions of xsv. by contrast there was little s ... | 2006 | 16921996 |
| the mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase gene in chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis: cloning, distribution and expression. | manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) plays an important role in crustacean immune defense reaction by eliminating oxidative stress. knowledge on mnsod at molecular level allows us to understand its regulatory mechanism in crustacean immune system. a novel mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (mmnsod) was cloned from hepatopancreas of chinese shrimp fenneropenaeus chinensis by 3' and 5' rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) pcr. the full-length cdna consists of 1185bp with a 660bp ope ... | 2007 | 17097141 |
| in situ hybridization and rt-pcr detection of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus in giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man), in taiwan. | between january and march 2006, suspected outbreaks of white tail disease were observed in post-larvae and juveniles of macrobrachium rosenbergii in hatcheries and nursery ponds at kaohsiung and pingtung counties in southern taiwan. pathognomonic lesions showed the presence of large oval and/or irregular basophilic, cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the infected muscles and hepatopancreas. reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay and in situ hybridization (ish) revealed evide ... | 2006 | 17169113 |
| in vivo humoral and cellular reactions, and fate of injected bacteria aeromonas hydrophila in freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii. | live non-opsonized and opsonized aeromonas hydrophila were injected into juveniles of freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii to study the cells involved in phagocytosis, distribution of bacteria, cellular reactions and clearance of both forms of bacteria from the system. the bacteria were rapidly distributed to various tissues viz., gills, heart, hepatopancreas within 1h, and the tissues revealed haemocytic nodule formation after 3 h of injection. there was rapid clearance of both the forms ... | 2007 | 17200030 |
| experimental vertical transmission of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) from brooders to progeny in macrobrachium rosenbergii and artemia. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india. experiments were carried out to determine the possibility of vertical transmission of m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and extra small virus (xsv) in m. rosenbergii and artemia. prawn broodstock inoculated with mrnv and xsv by oral or immersion challenge survived without any clinical signs of wtd. the brooders spawned 5-7 days after inoculation and the eggs hatched. the survival ra ... | 2007 | 17241402 |
| tolerance to white spot syndrome virus (wssv) in the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii is associated with low vp28 envelope protein expression. | the freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii was experimentally infected with white spot syndrome virus (wssv) by intramuscular injection. infection was confirmed by positive, single-step, wssv polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays targeting the vp28 gene from day 2 up to day 90 post injection (p.i.). although no mortality of wssv-infected prawns was observed, bioassays with the black tiger shrimp penaeus monodon using hemolymph from day 90 pcr-positive prawns resulted in white spot disease ( ... | 2007 | 17330738 |
| rt-pcr amplification and sequence analysis of extra small virus associated with white tail disease of macrobrachium rosenbergii (de man) cultured in taiwan. | post-larvae of macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with white tail disease (wtd) have been reported in taiwan. the causative agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv). the present study is the first report confirming the presence of xsv virus in m. rosenbergii displaying wtd symptoms in taiwan by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). a 772 bp amplified product was obtained by rt-pcr, cloned and sequenced. the nucleot ... | 2007 | 17352787 |
| [effect of the probiotic bacillus subtilis on the growth and food utilization of tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) and prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii) under laboratory conditions]. | three experiments were conducted to analyze the effect of the probiotic bacillus subtilis on the growth of juvenile tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) and freshwater prawn (macrobrachium rosenbergii). the experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions, minimizing the indirect effects of the probiotic on the water quality and leaving only the possible bactericidal and digestion-support effects. a model of stress was also designed in tilapia to compare the effect with tilapia under normal con ... | 2004 | 17354405 |
| development of in situ hybridization and rt-pcr assay for the detection of a nodavirus (pvnv) that causes muscle necrosis in penaeus vannamei. | a nodavirus (tentatively named pvnv, penaeus vannamei nodavirus) that causes muscle necrosis in p. vannamei was found in belize in 2004. from 2004 to 2006, shrimp samples collected from belize exhibited clinical signs, white, opaque lesions in the tails and histopathology similar to those of shrimps infected by infectious myonecrosis virus (imnv). histological examination revealed multifocal necrosis and hemocytic fibrosis in the skeletal muscle. in addition, basophilic, cytoplasmic inclusions w ... | 2007 | 17629112 |
| metschnikowia bicuspidata dominates in taiwanese cold-weather yeast infections of macrobrachium rosenbergii. | at water temperatures below 17 degrees c, yeast infections often occurred in 6 to 11 mo old giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (8 to 12 cm) in taiwan from may 2001 to december 2003, with a cumulative mortality of 20 to 95%. gross signs of disease included milky hemolymph, a yellow exoskeleton, opaque muscles, and a swollen hepatopancreas (hp). histopathology included marked edema and extensive necrotic lesions associated with large numbers of yeast aggregates and inflammation withi ... | 2007 | 17629113 |
| in vitro replication of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus and extra small virus in c6/36 mosquito cell line. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in hatcheries and nursery ponds of macrobrachium rosenbergii in india and many parts of the world. the pathogenic agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv), which is 27nm and 15nm in diameter, respectively. replication of mrnv and xsv was investigated in apparently healthy c6/36 subclone of aedes albopictus cell line. the results revealed that c6/36 cells were susceptible to these viruses. ... | 2007 | 17651820 |
| molecular signatures of pleistocene sea-level changes that affected connectivity among freshwater shrimp in indo-australian waters. | a major paradigm in evolutionary biology asserts that global climate change during the pleistocene often led to rapid and extensive diversification in numerous taxa. recent phylogenetic data suggest that past climatic oscillations may have promoted long-distance marine dispersal in some freshwater crustacea from the indo-australian archipelago (iaa). whether this pattern is common, and whether similar processes are acting on diversification below the species level is unknown. we used nuclear and ... | 2007 | 17725569 |
| differential affinity of natural haemagglutinin of macrobrachium rosenbergii towards vertebrate erythrocytes: effect of sex, size and moult stage on haemagglutination titre. | lectins play important role in innate immunity of animals. the affinity of the natural haemagglutinin of the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii towards vertebrate erythrocytes and its level with relation to sex, size and moult stages were studied. the strongest agglutinating titres in haemolymph of prawns were marked against guinea pig, chicken, clarias batrachus, and rabbit erythrocytes, and the weakest towards cattle, dog, horse and goat erythrocytes. a moderately agglutinating t ... | 2007 | 17907751 |
| cloning and sequencing of capsid protein of indian isolate of extra small virus from macrobrachium rosenbergii. | white tail disease (wtd) is found to cause immense economic losses in hatcheries and farms, with mortalities often reaching 100% within 2 or 3 days. the pathogenic agents have been identified as macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) associated with extra small virus (xsv), which are 27 and 15 nm in diameter, respectively. experiments were carried out to characterize an indian isolate of xsv capsid protein of 17 kda (cp-17). the gene encoding cp-17 was cloned and its sequence analysed with s ... | 2008 | 17928085 |
| partial susceptibility of the ssn-1 fish cell line to a crustacean virus: a defective replication study. | this study evaluated the possible use of the fish ssn-1 cell line to investigate the development of macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv). cells were incubated with viral particles and cytopathic effects were observed. de novo synthesis of viral capsid proteins was shown by immuno-fluorescence labelling and a sandwich elisa test. viral genomic replication was demonstrated by rt-pcr using primers specific to rna-1 as well as by quantitative rt-pcr (rt-qpcr). using electron microscopy, only a ... | 2007 | 17958611 |
| effect of pseudomonas aeruginosa on the giant freshwater prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii--histopathological and electron microscopic study. | the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii was injected with an inoculum containing ld, 96 hr dose of 10' pseudomonas aeruginosa (mtcc 1688) to determine the histopathological effects in vivo. the comparison of tissues of both the control and the bacterial endotoxin treated prawns after 96 hr revealed significant degenerative changes in treated prawns. both light microscopic and electron microscopic observations revealed the infiltration of the tissues of pseudomonas sp in the muscular ... | 2007 | 18380087 |
| lactococcus lactis subspecies lactis also causes white muscle disease in farmed giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii. | from may to august 2001 in taiwan, 27 farms for the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii experienced white tail disease outbreaks in animals approximately 3 to 5 mo old, with total lengths from 6 to 8 cm. examination of the infected prawns revealed not only previously reported lactococcus garvieae (16 farms) but also the novel l. lactis subsp. lactis (10 farms). one farm had shrimp infected with both bacteria. in the farms with l. lactis infections, the cumulative mortality was appro ... | 2008 | 18429437 |
| macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus infection in m. rosenbergii (de man) with white tail disease cultured in taiwan. | white tail disease (wtd) is a serious problem in macrobrachium rosenbergii hatcheries and nursery ponds in asia. the causative agents have been identified as m. rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) and its associated extra small virus. this is the first report demonstrating mrnv virus in m. rosenbergii displaying wtd signs in taiwan by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). amplified fragments of 850 and 425 bp for rna-1 and rna-2 of mrnv, respectively, were obtained by rt-pcr. rt-pcr ... | 2008 | 18471097 |