| plant constituents biologically active to insects. vi. antifeedants for larvae of the yellow butterfly, eurema hecabe mandarina, in osmunda japonica. (2). | three antifeedants for larvae of the yellow butterfly, eurema hecabe mandarina de l'orza, were isolated from osmunda japonica thunb. and identified as osmundalin, parasorboside and methyl (3s,5s)-5-hydroxy-3-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)hexanoate. in the course of isolation of the antifeedants, a new glycoside, dihydroisoosmudalin (9), was isolated together with maltol beta-d-glucopyranoside, 2-deoxy-l-ribopyranolactone, 5-hydroxymethyl.2-furfural and glycerin. the structure of 9 was elucidated as ... | 1990 | 2076573 |
| feminization of genetic males by a symbiotic bacterium in a butterfly, eurema hecabe (lepidoptera: pieridae). | wolbachia are symbiotic bacteria found in many arthropods and filarian nematodes. they often manipulate the reproduction of host arthropods. in the present study, female-biased sex-ratio distortion in the butterfly eurema hecabe was investigated. breeding experiments showed that this distorted sex ratio is maternally inherited. when treated with tetracycline, adult females of the thelygenic line produced male progeny only. after pcr using wolbachia-specific primers for the ftsz gene a positive r ... | 2002 | 12061400 |
| multiple infection with wolbachia inducing different reproductive manipulations in the butterfly eurema hecabe. | wolbachia are rickettsial intracellular symbionts of arthropods and nematodes. in arthropods, they act as selfish genetic elements and manipulate host reproduction, including sex-ratio distortion and cytoplasmic incompatibility (ci). previous studies showed that infection of feminizing wolbachia and ci wolbachia sympatrically occurred in the butterfly eurema hecabe. we demonstrate that feminization-infecting individuals can rescue sperm modified by ci-infecting males. phylogenetic analysis revea ... | 2004 | 15306297 |
| genetic structure of sibling butterfly species affected by wolbachia infection sweep: evolutionary and biogeographical implications. | it was recently recognized that in japan, the common yellow butterfly, eurema hecabe, consists of two sibling species, which have been unnamed yet and tentatively called yellow (y) type and brown (b) type. we investigated the diversity of nuclear and mitochondrial genes in japanese populations of y type and b type of e. hecabe. the phylogeny based on nuclear genes agreed with the distinction between y type and b type, which had been also supported by a wide array of biological data. however, the ... | 2006 | 16599969 |
| molecular phylogeography of two sibling species of eurema butterflies. | the common yellow butterfly eurema hecabe is widely distributed in east asia, and is one of the most burdensome species for taxonomists due to the numerous geographic and seasonal wing colour patterns. moreover, within this species, individuals with a yellow wing fringe that occur in temperate regions of japan (y type) proved to be biologically different from others that occur widely in subtropical regions of japan and all over east asia (b type). to unveil the genetic variation within and betwe ... | 2007 | 17216550 |
| unexpected mechanism of symbiont-induced reversal of insect sex: feminizing wolbachia continuously acts on the butterfly eurema hecabe during larval development. | when the butterfly eurema hecabe is infected with two different strains (whecci2 and whecfem2) of the bacterial endosymbiont wolbachia, genetic males are transformed into functional females, resulting in production of all-female broods. in an attempt to understand how and when the wolbachia endosymbiont feminizes genetically male insects, larval insects were fed an antibiotic-containing diet beginning at different developmental stages until pupation. when the adult insects emerged, strikingly, m ... | 2007 | 17496135 |
| naturally occurring single and double infection with wolbachia strains in the butterfly eurema hecabe: transmission efficiencies and population density dynamics of each wolbachia strain. | wolbachia belonging to alphaproteobacteria are transovarially transmitted bacteria responsible for reproductive alterations in a wide range of arthropods. in natural populations of the butterfly eurema hecabe, there are two different types of wolbachia-infected individuals. individuals singly infected with wolbachia strain whecci exhibit strong cytoplasmic incompatibility, whereas those doubly infected with whecci and whecfem exhibit feminization. here, we examined the infection frequencies and ... | 2007 | 17506822 |
| a natural population of the butterfly eurema hecabe with wolbachia-induced female-biased sex ratio not by feminization. | in butterflies, the adult sex ratio observed in the field is usually male-biased, although the sex ratio of their progeny is 1:1. this is due to the higher motility and larger behavioral range of males than females. as expected, the sex ratio of eurema hecabe butterflies collected at 6 localities throughout japan was male-biased. however, in tsukuba, located in the central part of japan, the sex ratio was found to be biased toward females. their progeny reared in the laboratory also exhibited a ... | 2007 | 17546095 |
| distribution of cytotoxic and dna adp-ribosylating activity in crude extracts from butterflies among the family pieridae. | cabbage butterflies, pieris rapae and pieris brassicae, contain strong cytotoxic proteins, designated as pierisin-1 and -2, against cancer cell lines. these proteins exhibit dna adp-ribosylating activity. to determine the distribution of substances with cytotoxicity and dna adp-ribosylating activity among other species, crude extracts from 20 species of the family pieridae were examined for cytotoxicity in hela cells and dna adp-ribosylating activity. both activities were detected in extracts fr ... | 2008 | 18256183 |
| transfection of feminizing wolbachia endosymbionts of the butterfly, eurema hecabe, into the cell culture and various immature stages of the silkmoth, bombyx mori. | wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria of invertebrates that can manipulate the reproductive systems of their arthropod hosts in a variety of ways. to establish a useful model system for investigating the mechanism of wolbachia-induced host feminization, we conducted the following series of experiments: (1) feminizing wolbachia of the butterfly, eurema hecabe, were transferred into cell cultures of the silkmoth, bombyx mori, and (2) the transfected wolbachia in cell cultures w ... | 2008 | 18458997 |
| resource-mediated condition dependence in sexually dichromatic butterfly wing coloration. | theory predicts that traits subject to strong sexual selection should evolve to be more exaggerated and developmentally integrated than nonsexual traits, thus leading to heightened condition dependence. until recently, however, efforts to evaluate this prediction have suffered from either a purely correlational (nonmanipulative) approach, or from using manipulations of doubtful ecological relevance. here i address these issues by integrating observation and manipulation to study condition- and s ... | 2008 | 18637962 |
| characterization of a new insect cell line (ntu-yb) derived from the common grass yellow butterfly, eurema hecabe (linnaeus) (pieridae: lepidoptera) and its susceptibility to microsporidia. | a new lepidopteran cell line, ntu-yb, was derived from pupal tissue of eurema hecabe (linnaeus) (pieridae: lepidoptera). the doubling time of yb cells in tnm-fh medium supplemented with 8% fbs at 28 degrees c was 26.87h. the chromosome numbers of yb cells varied widely from 21 to 196 with a mean of 86. compared to other insect cell lines, the yb cells produced distinct esterase, malate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase isozyme patterns. identity of the internal transcribed spacer region-i ... | 2009 | 19761771 |
| d-pinitol in fabaceae: an oviposition stimulant for the common grass yellow butterfly, eurema mandarina. | the common grass yellow butterfly, eurema mandarina (formerly eurema hecabe mandarina) (lepidoptera, pieridae), recently has been separated taxonomically from a subtropical population of eurema hecabe in japan. this species is widely distributed in the temperate region of japan, and feeds mainly on various ligneous plants within the fabaceae. we attempted to identify an oviposition stimulant for e. mandarina from its primary hosts, albizia julibrissin and lespedeza cuneata. in both hosts, crude ... | 2016 | 27714574 |
| incomplete offspring sex bias in australian populations of the butterfly eurema hecabe. | theory predicts unified sex ratios for most organisms, yet biases may be engendered by selfish genetic elements such as endosymbionts that kill or feminize individuals with male genotypes. although rare, feminization is established for wolbachia-infected eurema butterflies. this paradigm is presently confined to islands in the southern japanese archipelago, where feminized phenotypes produce viable all-daughter broods. here, we characterize sex bias for e. hecabe in continental australia. starti ... | 2017 | 27731327 |
| wolbachia sequence typing in butterflies using pyrosequencing. | wolbachia is an obligate symbiotic bacteria that is ubiquitous in arthropods, with 25-70% of insect species estimated to be infected. wolbachia species can interact with their insect hosts in a mutualistic or parasitic manner. sequence types (st) of wolbachia are determined by multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of housekeeping genes. however, there are some limitations to mlst with respect to the generation of clone libraries and the sanger sequencing method when a host is infected with multiple ... | 2015 | 26139612 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of eurema hecabe (lepidoptera: pieridae: coliadinae). | the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of linnaeus eurema hecabe (lepidoptera: pieridae: coliadinae) is determined to be 15,160 bp in length, including 37 typical mitochondrial genes and an at-rich region. its gene order and orientation are identical to those of other butterfly species. all pcgs are initiated by typical atn codons, except for co1 gene which is started by cag codon. nine genes use complete termination codon (taa), whereas the co1, co2, nd4 and nd5 genes end with single t. ... | 2015 | 24409905 |