| [orienting toxicologic studies in wistar rats for the evaluation of knotgrass--(polygonum convolvulus)--seed]. | black bindweed seed (polygonum convolvulus) from the 1987 harvest was tested for possible toxicity in a 38-day range-finding test with wistar rats which received feed rations on the basis of vdt-1 standard feedstuff and components of 5 or 20%. histological liver findings as well as parameters recorded from laboratory diagnosis (plasma activities of alat, asat, and gamma gt as well as total protein and albumin levels in plasma) were indicative of incipient impairment of liver metabolism. more det ... | 1991 | 1789721 |
| lectins in extracts of certain polygonaceae seed precipitate animal and human serums. | seeds of four species of polygonaceae were tested for lectins that precipitate human and animal serums. rumex crispus, polygonum convolvulus, and polygonum pennsylvanicum developed specific precipitate bands on double diffusion on agar gel plates. these bands were enhanced and increased in number when extracts were tested against serums from patients with certain diseases. when tested against lyophilized serum, no precipitate bands developed. the active substance cannot be dialyzed through cellu ... | 1968 | 4968255 |
| nutritive value of green or yellow foxtail, wild oats, wild buckwheat or redroot pigweed seed as determined with the rat. | pure green foxtail (setaria viridis beauv.), yellow foxtail (setaria lutescens hubb.), wild oats (avena fatua l.), wild buckwehat (polygonum convolvulus l.) and redroot pigweed (amaranthus retroflexus l.) seeds were fed to growing male rats in two experiments. in the first experiment, green or yellow foxtail and wild oats seeds were found to be first-limiting in the amino acid lysine. green or yellow foxtail seed supplemented with lysine produced satisfactory rat growth. digestible energy (de) v ... | 1980 | 7410266 |
| effects of copper sulfate on black bindweed (polygonum convolvulus l.). | seedlings of black bindweed (polygonum convolvulus l.) were transplanted to soil contaminated with copper sulfate at different dosages. these plants were followed until maturity under greenhouse conditions, and measures of mortality, growth, and reproduction were obtained from harvests 21, 34, and 105 days after the transplant. it was found that application of 125 mg cu2+ kg-1 resulted in 1.7% lifetime mortality increasing to 100% at 500 mg kg-1. the mortality was dependent on exposure time. no ... | 1996 | 8723747 |
| effects of soil copper on black bindweed (fallopia convolvulus) in the laboratory and in the field | the present study aims to identify factors of importance to the extrapolation from laboratory toxicity test to field effects using copper and black bindweed as a model. in the laboratory the influence of cu on seed germination and seedling survival was studied in both soil spiked with cu in the laboratory and soil collected at a cu-polluted site. maternal effects were also studied. we found that seeds from cu-stressed plants germinated more readily after a short, cold storage than control seeds, ... | 1998 | 9601913 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of copper to black bindweed (fallopia convolvulus) in relation to bioavailability and the age of soil contamination. | the use of ecotoxicity test results obtained in the laboratory for prediction of effects of potentially toxic concentrations of chemicals in the field is hampered by several factors differing between the laboratory and the field situations. one important factor is the binding of test chemicals to soil, which is affected by the age of the contamination and soil type. the present study investigated the effect of contamination age by introducing an aging period of 1 to 12 weeks between mixing the t ... | 2000 | 11031302 |
| relationships between sulfonylurea herbicide treatment of host plants and the performance of herbivorous insects. | previous work had shown that the sulfonylurea herbicide chlorsulfuron affected the survival of a herbivorous insect species dwelling on a sub-lethally exposed host plant. further experiments have been conducted to establish whether this negative effect was a single occurrence characteristics for the specific insect-plant interaction and the specific herbicide tested. three insect-plant interactions were tested for the effects of selected sulfonylurea herbicides, i.e. metsulfuron-methyl, chlorsul ... | 2001 | 11802605 |
| identification of aflp makers linked to non-seed shattering locus (sht1) in buckwheat and conversion to sts markers for marker-assisted selection. | shattering habit in buckwheat has two forms: brittle pedicel and weak pedicel. brittle pedicel is observed in wild buckwheat, but not in cultivated buckwheat. brittle pedicel in buckwheat is produced by two complementary, dominant genes, sht1 and sht2. the sht1 locus is linked to the s locus; almost all common buckwheat cultivars possess the allele sht1. to detect molecular makers linked to the sht1 locus, we used amplified fragment-length polymorphism (aflp) analysis in combination with bulked ... | 2004 | 15190364 |
| herbicide-resistant crops and weed resistance to herbicides. | the adoption of genetically modified (gm) crops has increased dramatically during the last 3 years, and currently over 52 million hectares of gm crops are planted world-wide. approximately 41 million hectares of gm crops planted are herbicide-resistant crops, which includes an estimated 33.3 million hectares of herbicide-resistant soybean. herbicide-resistant maize, canola, cotton and soybean accounted for 77% of the gm crop hectares in 2001. however, sugarbeet, wheat, and as many as 14 other cr ... | 2005 | 15668920 |
| pcr method for detecting trace amounts of buckwheat (fagopyrum spp.) in food. | buckwheat often causes severe allergic reactions, even when its ingestion level is extremely low. therefore, buckwheat is listed in several countries as a common food allergen. in addition to common buckwheat and tartarian buckwheat that are cultivated and consumed widely, wild buckwheat may be potentially allergenic. food containing undeclared buckwheat poses a risk to patients with the buckwheat allergy. we describe in this report a pcr method to detect buckwheat dna by using primers correspon ... | 2005 | 15849410 |
| effect of a copper gradient on plant community structure. | vegetation data including plant cover, biomass, species richness, and vegetation height was sampled on a copper-contaminated field with total copper contents varying from 50 to almost 3,000 mg/kg soil. the field was covered by early succession grassland dominated by agrostis stolonifera. plant cover, biomass, species richness, and vegetation height generally decreased with increasing copper content, although the highest biomass was reached at intermediate copper concentrations. multivariate stat ... | 2006 | 16566159 |
| a novel pcr method for quantification of buckwheat by using a unique internal standard material. | a novel quantitative and specific method for detection of buckwheat, a known food allergen, in diverse food materials was developed by using a unique internal standard to compensate for the variability in dna extraction and amplification efficiencies. the method was based on a real-time pcr targeting the internal transcribed spacer region of fagopyrum spp. and was designed to detect both cultivated and wild buckwheat, because wild buckwheat might be potentially allergenic. as the internal standa ... | 2006 | 17066931 |
| performance of potential non-crop or wild species under oecd 208 testing guideline study conditions for terrestrial non-target plants. | the inclusion of 52 potential non-crop or wild species in new oecd guidelines for terrestrial non-target plant (tntp) testing led to a ring test conducted by four laboratories experienced in regulatory testing. species selected had shown potential to meet validity criteria of emergence for tntp studies in a previous evaluation of the 52 species. oecd 208 guideline conditions were applied, with and without seed pretreatments recommended to enhance germination. these species were abutilon theophra ... | 2007 | 17171722 |
| a member of a new tospovirus species isolated in italy from wild buckwheat (polygonum convolvulus). | electron microscopy of extracts from diseased polygonum convolvulus plants from piedmont (italy) revealed particles with the morphological features of a tospovirus. sequencing of the full-length small (s) and medium (m) genome segments indicated that the virus is a member of a new tospovirus species provisionally named polygonum ringspot virus. a feature distinguishing it from members of other tospovirus species was the presence of a very short intergenic region on the s segment lacking the pote ... | 2008 | 18953484 |
| reproduction of pratylenchus penetrans on 24 common weeds in potato fields in québec. | twenty-four weeds commonly found in commercial potato fields in quebec were evaluated for their host suitability to the root-lesion nematode, pratylenchus penetrans, under greenhouse conditions. brown mustard (brassica juncea) and rye (secale cereale) were included as susceptible controls and forage pearl millet hyb. cfpm 101 (pennisetum glaucum) as a poor host. pratylenchus penetrans multiplied well on 22 of the 24 weed species tested (pf/pi >/= rye or brown mustard). cirsium arvense, leucanthe ... | 2007 | 19259506 |
| three new flavonoids from the active extract of fallopia convolvulus. | five solvent extracts (ethanol, petroleum ether, etoac, n-butanol, and water) from fallopia convolvulus (l.) love were separated and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages were evaluated. three new flavonoids, falloconvolin a (1), falloconvolin b (2), and quercetin-3-o-(2-e-sinapoxyl)-glucopyranoside (3), together with 17 known phenolic compounds, were isolated from the active etoac extract, and their structures were elucidated on the basi ... | 2011 | 21279877 |
| [chemical constituents from aerial parts of fallopia convolvulus]. | to investigate the chemical constituents in the herbs of fallopia convolvulus. | 2010 | 21355240 |
| wild buckwheat is unlikely to pose a risk to buckwheat-allergic individuals. | buckwheat (fagopyrum esculentum) is a commonly allergenic food especially in asia where buckwheat is more commonly consumed. wild buckwheat (polygonum convolvulus, recently changed to fallopia convolvulus) is an annual weed prevalent in grain-growing areas of the united states. wild buckwheat is not closely related to edible buckwheat although the seeds do have some physical resemblance. a large shipment of wheat into japan was halted by the discovery of the adventitious presence of wild buckwhe ... | 2011 | 22417608 |
| survival of weed seeds and animal parasites as affected by anaerobic digestion at meso- and thermophilic conditions. | anaerobic digestion of residual materials from animals and crops offers an opportunity to simultaneously produce bioenergy and plant fertilizers at single farms and in farm communities where input substrate materials and resulting digested residues are shared among member farms. a surplus benefit from this practice may be the suppressing of propagules from harmful biological pests like weeds and animal pathogens (e.g. parasites). in the present work, batch experiments were performed, where survi ... | 2012 | 23266071 |
| anticancer potential of selected fallopia adans species. | the aim of the present study was to determine the anticancer potential of three species belonging to the fallopia genus (polygonaceae): fallopia convolvulus (f. convolvulus, fallopia dumetorum (f. dumetorum) and fallopia aubertii (f. aubertii). for this purpose, crude extracts were obtained and characterized for their phenolic and flavonoid total content and examined for their anticancer activity on three tumor cell lines: breast cancer (mcf7), colon carcinoma (caco-2) and cervical cancer (hela) ... | 2015 | 26622671 |
| 2,3-cis-2r,3r-(-)-epiafzelechin-3-o-p-coumarate, a novel flavan-3-ol isolated from fallopia convolvulus seed, is an estrogen receptor agonist in human cell lines. | the plant genus fallopia is well-known in chinese traditional medicine and includes many species that contain bioactive compounds, namely phytoestrogens. consumption of phytoestrogens may be linked to decreased incidence of breast and prostate cancers therefore discovery of novel phytoestrogens and novel sources of phytoestrogens is of interest. although phytoestrogen content has been analyzed in the rhizomes of various fallopia sp., seeds of a fallopia sp. have never been examined for phytoestr ... | 2013 | 23768005 |