| the prickly lettuce agglutinin. i. isolation from leaves of the prickly lettuce plant (lactuca scariole). | an agglutinin has been isolated from leaves of the prickly lettuce plant (lactuca scariole). the prickly lettuce agglutinin (pla) agglutinates erythrocytes of the mouse and rat, and binds to, but does not agglutinate erythrocytes of other species. pla can be precipitated from crude plant extracts by cold acetone and ammonium sulfate treatment, is sensitive to proteolytic enzyme activity, and contains carbohydrate residues, suggesting that it is a glycoprotein. the agglutinin has a molecular weig ... | 1980 | 7350123 |
| a detailed linkage map of lettuce based on ssap, aflp and nbs markers. | molecular markers based upon a novel lettuce ltr retrotransposon and the nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat (nbs-lrr) family of disease resistance-associated genes have been combined with aflp markers to generate a 458 locus genetic linkage map for lettuce. a total of 187 retrotransposon-specific ssap markers, 29 nbs-lrr markers and 242 aflp markers were mapped in an f(2) population, derived from an interspecific cross between a lactuca sativa cultivar commonly used in europe and a wild ... | 2006 | 16341837 |
| whole-transcriptome analysis of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli o157:h7 (sakai) suggests plant-species-specific metabolic responses on exposure to spinach and lettuce extracts. | verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) can contaminate crop plants, potentially using them as secondary hosts, which can lead to food-borne infection. currently, little is known about the influence of the specific plant species on the success of bacterial colonization. as such, we compared the ability of the vtec strain, e. coli o157:h7 'sakai,' to colonize the roots and leaves of four leafy vegetables: spinach (spinacia oleracea), lettuce (lactuca sativa), vining green pea (pisum sativum), a ... | 2016 | 27462311 |
| plant exudates trigger leaf-trenching by cabbage loopers, trichoplusia ni (noctuidae). | cabbage loopers, trichoplusia ni, cut a narrow trench across leaves of plants that release exudate, then feed distal to the trench in an area of reduced exudation. the larvae do not normally trench plant species such as plantain, plantago lanceolata, that lack exudate. to determine what cues elicit trenching, i reared larvae to the final instar on plantain, then applied test solutions to their mouthparts during feeding. loopers that received latex from lactuca serriola (asteraceae) or phloem exu ... | 1997 | 28307485 |
| determination of nitrates by a novel ion chromatographic method: occurrence in leafy vegetables (organic and conventional) and exposure assessment for italian consumers. | a novel ion chromatographic method to detect nitrates in vegetables was developed, and the nitrate contents in green salad (a mixture of endive and prickly lettuce), lettuce, chicory, rocket and spinach were determined from italian markets in 1996-2002. these leaf vegetables were included because they are currently supposed to provide most of the nitrate intake in the typical italian diet. the highest content of nitrate was detected in chicory (6250 mg kg(-1)) and rocket (6120 mg kg(-1)), which ... | 2003 | 13129772 |
| genotoxic effects of catmint (nepeta meyeri benth.) essential oils on some weed and crop plants. | this study investigates the genotoxicity of the essential oils extracted from the aerial parts of catmint (nepeta meyeri benth.) against two weeds (bromus danthoniae and lactuca serriola) and two crop plants (brassica napus and zea mays). the essential oils of n. meyeri analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry contained 14 compounds, with 4aα, 7α, 7aβ-nepetalactone (83.4%), 4aα, 7α, and 7aα-nepetalactone (8.83%) as the major components. the oils were diluted (25, 50, 100, and 150 ppm) an ... | 2013 | 22434692 |
| expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase4 is essential for thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination but not for seed development or stress tolerance. | thermoinhibition, or failure of seeds to germinate at warm temperatures, is common in lettuce (lactuca sativa) cultivars. using a recombinant inbred line population developed from a lettuce cultivar (salinas) and thermotolerant lactuca serriola accession uc96us23 (uc), we previously mapped a quantitative trait locus associated with thermoinhibition of germination to a genomic region containing a gene encoding a key regulated enzyme in abscisic acid (aba) biosynthesis, 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxy ... | 2013 | 23503626 |
| elucidating the genetic basis of antioxidant status in lettuce (lactuca sativa). | a diet rich in phytonutrients from fruit and vegetables has been acknowledged to afford protection against a range of human diseases, but many of the most popular vegetables are low in phytonutrients. wild relatives of crops may contain allelic variation for genes determining the concentrations of these beneficial phytonutrients, and therefore understanding the genetic basis of this variation is important for breeding efforts to enhance nutritional quality. in this study, lettuce recombinant inb ... | 0 | 26640696 |
| identification and comparison of natural rubber from two lactuca species. | renewed interest in the identification of alternative sources of natural rubber to hevea brasiliensis has focused on the compositae family. in our search for compositae models for rubber synthesis, we extracted latex from stems of two lettuce species: lactuca serriola, prickly lettuce, and lactuca sativa cv. salinas, crisphead lettuce. both species contained cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber in the dichloromethane-soluble portions of their latex, and sesquiterpene lactones in their acetone-soluble por ... | 2006 | 17055543 |
| molecular biogeography of prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) shows traces of recent range expansion. | prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l., asteraceae), a wild relative of cultivated lettuce, is an autogamous species which greatly expanded throughout western and northern europe during the last 2 centuries. here, we present a large-scale biogeographic genetic analysis performed on a dataset represented by 2622 individuals from 110 wild european populations. thirty-two maternally inherited chloroplast rflp-markers and 10 nuclear microsatellite loci were used. microsatellites revealed low genetic v ... | 2017 | 28172969 |
| partial aphid resistance in lettuce negatively affects parasitoids. | this study investigated the effects of partial plant resistance on the lettuce aphid nasonovia ribisnigri (mosley) (hemiptera: aphididae), a major pest of cultivated lettuce (lactuca sativa l.), and one of its parasitoids, aphidius ervi haliday (hymenoptera: braconidae). aphids were reared on susceptible (l. sativa variety estival; s) or partially resistant (lactuca serriola l. pi 491093; pr) lettuce, and next parasitized by a. ervi females. fitness proxies were measured for both aphids and para ... | 2014 | 25197882 |
| a bayesian analysis of gene flow from crops to their wild relatives: cultivated (lactuca sativa l.) and prickly lettuce (l. serriola l.) and the recent expansion of l. serriola in europe. | interspecific gene flow can lead to the formation of hybrid populations that have a competitive advantage over the parental populations, even for hybrids from a cross between crops and wild relatives. wild prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola) has recently expanded in europe and hybridization with the related crop species (cultivated lettuce, l. sativa) has been hypothesized as one of the mechanisms behind this expansion. in a basically selfing species, such as lettuce, assessing hybridization in n ... | 2012 | 22512715 |
| crop to wild introgression in lettuce: following the fate of crop genome segments in backcross populations. | after crop-wild hybridization, some of the crop genomic segments may become established in wild populations through selfing of the hybrids or through backcrosses to the wild parent. this constitutes a possible route through which crop (trans)genes could become established in natural populations. the likelihood of introgression of transgenes will not only be determined by fitness effects from the transgene itself but also by the crop genes linked to it. although lettuce is generally regarded as s ... | 2012 | 22448748 |
| existence of vigorous lineages of crop-wild hybrids in lettuce under field conditions. | plant to plant gene flow is a route of environmental exposure for gm plants specifically since crosses with wild relatives could lead to the formation of more vigorous hybrids, which could increase the rate of introgression and the environmental impact. here, we test the first step in the process of potential transgene introgression: whether hybrid vigor can be inherited to the next generation, which could lead to fixation of altered, i.e., elevated, quantitative traits. the potential for a perm ... | 2010 | 20883659 |
| association mapping and marker-assisted selection of the lettuce dieback resistance gene tvr1. | lettuce (lactuca saliva l.) is susceptible to dieback, a soilborne disease caused by two viruses from the family tombusviridae. susceptibility to dieback is widespread in romaine and leaf-type lettuce, while modern iceberg cultivars are resistant to this disease. resistance in iceberg cultivars is conferred by tvr1 - a single, dominant gene that provides durable resistance. this study describes fine mapping of the resistance gene, analysis of nucleotide polymorphism and linkage disequilibrium in ... | 2009 | 19930659 |
| development of est-ssr markers for the study of population structure in lettuce (lactuca sativa l.). | a set of 61 simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers was developed from the 19,523 lactuca sativa and lactuca serriola unigenes. approximately 4.5% of the unigenes contained a perfect ssr at least 20 bp long, corresponding to roughly 1 perfect ssr per 14.7 kb. marker polymorphism was tested on a set comprising 96 accessions representing all major horticultural types and 3 wild species (l. serriola, lactuca saligna, and lactuca virosa). both the average marker heterozygosity (uhe = 0.32) and the numb ... | 2009 | 18796462 |
| genetic variation for lettuce seed thermoinhibition is associated with temperature-sensitive expression of abscisic acid, gibberellin, and ethylene biosynthesis, metabolism, and response genes. | lettuce (lactuca sativa 'salinas') seeds fail to germinate when imbibed at temperatures above 25 degrees c to 30 degrees c (termed thermoinhibition). however, seeds of an accession of lactuca serriola (uc96us23) do not exhibit thermoinhibition up to 37 degrees c in the light. comparative genetics, physiology, and gene expression were analyzed in these genotypes to determine the mechanisms governing the regulation of seed germination by temperature. germination of the two genotypes was differenti ... | 2008 | 18753282 |
| hybridization rates between lettuce (lactuca sativa) and its wild relative (l. serriola) under field conditions. | hybridization and introgression between crops and wild relatives may have important evolutionary and ecological consequences such as gene swamping or increased invasiveness. in the present study, we investigated hybridization under field conditions between crop lettuce (lactuca sativa) and its wild relative prickly lettuce (l. serriola), two cross-compatible, predominantly autogamous and insect pollinated species. in 2003 and 2004, we estimated the rates of hybridization between l. sativa and l. ... | 2008 | 18549768 |
| micromorphological characterization and label-free quantitation of small rubber particle protein in natural rubber latex. | commercial natural rubber is traditionally supplied by hevea brasiliensis, but now there is a big energy problem because of the limited resource and increasing demand. intensive study of key rubber-related substances is urgently needed for further research of in vitro biosynthesis of natural rubber. natural rubber is biosynthesized on the surface of rubber particles. a membrane protein called small rubber particle protein (srpp) is a key protein associated closely with rubber biosynthesis; howev ... | 2016 | 26844871 |
| genomic regions in crop-wild hybrids of lettuce are affected differently in different environments: implications for crop breeding. | many crops contain domestication genes that are generally considered to lower fitness of crop-wild hybrids in the wild environment. transgenes placed in close linkage with such genes would be less likely to spread into a wild population. therefore, for environmental risk assessment of gm crops, it is important to know whether genomic regions with such genes exist, and how they affect fitness. we performed quantitative trait loci (qtl) analyses on fitness(-related) traits in two different field e ... | 2012 | 23028403 |
| hybridization between crops and wild relatives: the contribution of cultivated lettuce to the vigour of crop-wild hybrids under drought, salinity and nutrient deficiency conditions. | with the development of transgenic crop varieties, crop-wild hybridization has received considerable consideration with regard to the potential of transgenes to be transferred to wild species. although many studies have shown that crops can hybridize with their wild relatives and that the resulting hybrids may show improved fitness over the wild parents, little is still known on the genetic contribution of the crop parent to the performance of the hybrids. in this study, we investigated the vigo ... | 2012 | 22660630 |
| effects of some indigenous plants of north karnataka (india) on cardiovascular and glucose regulatory systems in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. | kenaf (hibiscus cannabinus linn, pundi), chick pea (cicer arietinum linn, chana) and prickly lettuce (lactuca scariola linn, hattaraki) leaves are a few of indigenous plants which are routinely consumed by the people of north karnataka in the diet. studies on these plants showed some potential anti-diabetic efficacies. | 2017 | 28707593 |
| bacterial networks and co-occurrence relationships in the lettuce root microbiota. | lettuce is one of the most common raw foods worldwide, but occasionally also involved in pathogen outbreaks. to understand the correlative structure of the bacterial community as a network, we studied root microbiota of eight ancient and modern lactuca sativa cultivars and the wild ancestor lactuca serriola by pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene amplicon libraries. the lettuce microbiota was dominated by proteobacteria and bacteriodetes, as well as abundant chloroflexi and actinobacteria. cultivar s ... | 2015 | 25367329 |
| genetic transformation and hairy root induction enhance the antioxidant potential of lactuca serriola l. | lactuca serriola l. is a herbaceous species, used for human nutrition and medicinal purposes. the high antioxidant capacity of l. serriola indicates the possibility of enhancing its edible and health potential by increasing the flavonoid and phenolic contents. the present study aimed at enhancing the production of phenolics and flavonoids by hairy root cultures in lactuca serriola transformed with agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ar15834 harbouring the rolb gene. the genetic transformation of rol ... | 2017 | 28835782 |
| pollination niche separation in a winter annual community. | differences in major selective forces important in early and late successional communities should influence niche breadth and degree of overlap. early successional species may not experience consistent, strong selection against competition and can be expected to have broader niches with more overlap than later successional species. this paper presents data from 2 early successional winter annuals that show clear niche separation under conditions in which coevolution is unlikely. lactuca scariola ... | 1978 | 28309727 |
| ethno-medicinal survey of important plants practiced by indigenous community at ladha subdivision, south waziristan agency, pakistan. | medicinal flora plays a vital role in treating various types of ailments in living beings. the present study was planned to investigate and document systematically the indigenous knowledge in a scientifically little explored area of ladha sub-division, south waziristan agency, pakistan. hence, this study would contribute positively to the field of ethnopharmacology. | 2016 | 27846856 |
| loss of foundation species increases population growth of exotic forbs in sagebrush steppe. | the invasion and spread of exotic plants following land disturbance threatens semiarid ecosystems. in sagebrush steppe, soil water is scarce and is partitioned between deep-rooted perennial shrubs and shallower-rooted native forbs and grasses. disturbances commonly remove shrubs, leaving grass-dominated communities, and may allow for the exploitation of water resources by the many species of invasive, tap-rooted forbs that are increasingly successful in this habitat. we hypothesized that exotic ... | 2010 | 21049877 |
| antifungal and herbicidal effects of fruit essential oils of four myrtus communis genotypes. | the chemical composition of the essential oils isolated by hydrodistillation from the fruits of four selected myrtus communis l. genotypes from turkey was characterized by gc-fid and gc/ms analyses. 1,8-cineole (29.20-31.40%), linalool (15.67-19.13%), α-terpineol (8.40-18.43%), α-pinene (6.04-20.71%), and geranyl acetate (3.98-7.54%) were found to be the major constituents of the fruit essential oils of all m. communis genotypes investigated. the oils were characterized by high amounts of oxygen ... | 2016 | 26765354 |
| sources and genetic structure of a cluster of genes for resistance to three pathogens in lettuce. | the second largest cluster of resistance genes in lettuce contains at least two downy mildew resistance specificities, dm5/8 and dm10, as well as tu, providing resistance against turnip mosaic virus, and plr, a recessive gene conferring resistance against plasmopara lactucae-radicis, a root infecting downy mildew. in the present paper four additional genetic markers have been added to this cluster, three rapd markers and one rflp marker, cl1795. cl1795 is a member of a multigene family related t ... | 1995 | 24169684 |
| uptake, translocation and metabolism of aminocyclopyrachlor in prickly lettuce, rush skeletonweed and yellow starthistle. | background: aminocyclopyrachlor is a new herbicide proposed to control broadleaf weeds and shrubs in non-crop and rangeland systems. to gain a better understanding of observed field efficacy, the uptake and translocation of foliar-applied aminocyclopyrachlor (dpx-mat28) and aminocyclopyrachlor methyl ester (dpx-kjm44) were evaluated in two annuals, prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) and yellow starthistle (centaurea solstitialis l.), and one perennial, rush skeletonweed (chondrilla juncea l.) ... | 2011 | 21594961 |
| ecological implications from a molecular analysis of phytoplasmas involved in an aster yellows epidemic in various crops in texas. | abstract in the spring of 2000, an aster yellows (ay) epidemic occurred in carrot crops in the winter garden region of southwestern texas. a survey revealed that vegetable crops, including cabbage, onion, parsley, and dill, and some weeds also were infected by ay phytoplasmas. nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of pcr-amplified phytoplasma 16s rdna were employed for the detection and identification of phytoplasmas associated with these cr ... | 2003 | 18944064 |
| a new bioactive triterpenoid saponin from the seeds of lactuca scariola linn. | a new triterpenoid saponin, 3-o-[beta-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 --> 3)-o-beta-d-xylopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid; has been isolated from the seeds of lactuca scariola. its structure was determined by various spectral analysis and chemical degradations. this compound shows antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and fungi. | 2007 | 17497422 |
| parasitic hymenoptera fauna on agromyzidae (diptera) colonizing weeds in ecological compensation areas in northern italian agroecosystems. | parasitoids (hymenoptera) associated with agromyzid leafminers (diptera: agromyzidae) were studied in three rural farms located in northern italy. the parasitoids were reared from mined foliage of weeds growing in field margins. we reared 998 hymenoptera specimens, representing five families, 23 genera, and 53 species, from leafminers infesting weeds. eulophidae was the most abundant family (67.64%), followed by braconidae (28.86%), eucoilinae (1.40%), tetracampidae (1.40%), and pteromalidae (0. ... | 2007 | 17461050 |
| [photosynthetic characteristics and coenological survey of lactuca serriola in its invaded area]. | lactuca serriola, a national class quarantine object, is a new invasive species in the coastal area of southeast china. the coenological survey showed that because of its big individual, l. serriola could easily form dominant population in its invaded area, and its main accompany species were conyza canadensis, c. bonarinisis, bidentis bipinnata, oenothera laciniata, ipomoea hederacea, setaria viridis, daucus carota, xanthium sibiricum, erigeron annuus, l. indica, humulus scandens, solanum nigru ... | 2006 | 17330472 |
| stomatal responses to flooding of the intercellular air spaces suggest a vapor-phase signal between the mesophyll and the guard cells. | flooding the intercellular air spaces of leaves with water was shown to cause rapid closure of stomata in tradescantia pallida, lactuca serriola, helianthus annuus, and oenothera caespitosa. the response occurred when water was injected into the intercellular spaces, vacuum infiltrated into the intercellular spaces, or forced into the intercellular spaces by pressurizing the xylem. injecting 50 mm kcl or silicone oil into the intercellular spaces also caused stomata to close, but the response wa ... | 2010 | 20472750 |
| the disease resistance gene dm3 is infrequent in natural populations of lactuca serriola due to deletions and frequent gene conversions at the rgc2 locus. | resistance genes can exhibit heterogeneous patterns of variation. however, there are few data on their frequency and variation in natural populations. we analysed the frequency and variation of the resistance gene dm3, which confers resistance to bremia lactucae (downy mildew) in 1033 accessions of lactuca serriola (prickly lettuce) from 49 natural populations. inoculations with an isolate of bremia lactucae carrying avirulence gene avr3 indicated that the frequency of dm3 in natural populations ... | 2006 | 16762035 |
| the prickly lettuce agglutinin. ii. immunobiological properties. | the prickly lettuce agglutinin (pla), extracted from leaves of the plant lactuca scariole, was tested for immunomodulatory effects on c57bl/6 mice. when administered with antigen in vivo, 50 micrograms pla caused an enhancement of the primary splenic plaque-forming cell (pfc) response to the helper t cell-dependent antigens sheep red blood cells and trinitrophenyl-keyhole limpet hemocyanin; higher doses of pla (200 micrograms) resulted in depressed responses to these antigens. similarly, 50 micr ... | 1981 | 6972920 |
| [first isolation of yersinia enterocolitica in several horticultural products intended usually to be consumed fresh]. | a survey has been carried out for the presence of yersinia enterocolitica in horticultural products. 60 samples of these vegetables have been examined among the families of compositae (lettuce, prickly lettuce, cabbage lettuce, common chicory), ombrelliferae (curly parsley, carrot, celery, fennel) and crociferae (garden cabbage). this is the first isolation of y.e. from horticultural products, being recorded 7 strains from carrots (serotype 0:6,30), 1 from curly parsley (serotype 0:4,32) and 1 f ... | 1982 | 6765383 |
| [yersinia enterocolitica: biotypes and serotypes isolated from horticultural products]. | a survey has been carried out for the presence of yersinia enterocolitica (y.e.) in horticultural products. 100 samples of these vegetables have been examined among the families of compositae (lettuce, prickly lettuce, cabbage lettuce, common chicory, artichoke), umbrelliferae (curly parsley, carrot, celery, fennel), cruciferae (garden cabbage, red radish), liliaceae (onion), and solanaceae (tomato). 12 strains have been recorded in carrots (serotype 0:6.30), 1 strain in curly parsley (0:4.32), ... | 1983 | 6661289 |
| [gram-negative flora of horticultural produce destined for consumption mainly in the raw state]. | a survey has been carried out to evaluate the recovery of enterobacteriaceae in freshly consumed horticultural products. 64 samples of these vegetables random chosen in different stores in the general vegetable market of ferrara have been examined among the families of compositae (lettuce, prickly lettuce, cabbage lettuce, common chicory, artichoke), umbrelliferae (curly parsley, carrot, celery, fennel), cruciferae (garden cabbage, red radish), liliaceae (onion), and solanaceae (tomato). 654 bac ... | 1989 | 2483908 |
| functional response of eretmocerus delhiensis on trialeurodes vaporariorum by parasitism and host feeding. | the parasitoid wasp, eretmocerus delhiensis (hymenoptera, aphelinidae) is a thelytokous and syn-ovigenic parasitoid. to evaluate e. delhiensis as a biocontrol agent in greenhouse, the killing efficiency of this parasitoid by parasitism and host-feeding, were studied. killing efficiency can be compared by estimation of functional response parameters. laboratory experiments were performed in controllable conditions to evaluate the functional response of e. delhiensis at eight densities (2, 4, 8, 1 ... | 2017 | 28423420 |
| optical sensing of weed infestations at harvest. | kochia (kochia scoparia l.), russian thistle (salsolatragus l.), and prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) are economically important weeds infesting dryland wheat (triticum aestivum l.) production systems in the western united states. those weeds produce most of their seeds post-harvest. the objectives of this study were to determine the ability of an optical sensor, installed for on-the-go measurement of grain protein concentration, to detect the presence of green plant matter in flowing grain ... | 2017 | 29048342 |
| high carbon dioxide concentration and elevated temperature impact the growth of weeds but do not change the efficacy of glyphosate. | global climate changes may impact the growth and management of weed species. the aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of recent climate changes on the growth of weeds and herbicide efficacy. the effects of temperature, carbon dioxide (co2 ), and herbicide on growth and control of bromus tectorum l., hordeum murinum l., and lactuca serriola l. were studied. treatments included: control or ambient environment (co2 concentration 400-450 ppm; temperature 20/10 °c day/night); elevated temperat ... | 2017 | 29120078 |
| does co-inoculation of lactuca serriola with endophytic and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improve plant growth in a polluted environment? | phytoremediation of polluted sites can be improved by co-inoculation with mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi. in this study, the effects of single- and co-inoculation of lactuca serriola with an arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungus, rhizoglomus intraradices, and endophytic fungi, mucor sp. or trichoderma asperellum, on plant growth, vitality, toxic metal accumulation, sesquiterpene lactone production and flavonoid concentration in the presence of toxic metals were evaluated. inoculation with the am ... | 2018 | 29359253 |
| protective effect of lactuca serriola on doxorubicin-induced toxicity in h9c2 cells. | the use of doxorubicin (dox) is limited by its dose-dependency because of its cardiotoxicity. reactive oxygen species (ros) play an important role in the pathological process. the aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of lactuca seniola against dox-induced apoptosis and death in h9c2 cells. the cells were incubated with different concentrations of extract for 4 h which continued in the presence or absence of 5 µm doxorubicin for 24 h. cell viability, apoptotic induction and the ... | 2016 | 27476284 |
| anti-diabetic effects of aqueous prickly lettuce (lactuca scariola linn.) leaves extract in alloxan-induced male diabetic rats treated with nickel (ii). | hattaraki pallye or prickly lettuce (lactuca scariola linn.) is one among several green leafy plants that grow in north karnataka; it is usually consumed by the people of this region and is found to be antidiabetic in nature. the objective of this study is to evaluate hypoglycemic activities of supplementation with aqueous extract of prickly lettuce (l. scariola) leaves in vivo in acute and subchronic exposure with or without nickel (ii) along with its glucose reduction capabilities with or with ... | 2016 | 26352090 |
| digging deep for new compounds from the compass plant, silphium laciniatum. | the compass plant, silphium laciniatum, is an iconic perennial plant of the north american tallgrass prairie. the plants of the tallgrass prairie historically have been subjected to a number of biological and environmental stresses. among the adaptations developed by s. laciniatum is a large deep taproot. an investigation of the secondary metabolites found in the root of a s. laciniatum specimen has led to the identification of 15 new terpenoids (3-8, 10-17, and 22), which were screened for cyto ... | 2015 | 26287548 |
| genetic and biochemical evaluation of natural rubber from eastern washington prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.). | alternative sources of natural rubber are of importance due to economic, biological, and political threats that could diminish supplies of this resource. prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) synthesizes long-chain natural rubber and was studied to determine underlying genetic and phenotypic characteristics of rubber biosynthesis. genotypic and phenotypic analysis of an f2 segregating population using est-ssr markers led to the discovery of genetic regions linked to natural rubber production. in ... | 2015 | 25513853 |
| evolution under changing climates: climatic niche stasis despite rapid evolution in a non-native plant. | a topic of great current interest is the capacity of populations to adapt genetically to rapidly changing climates, for example by evolving the timing of life-history events, but this is challenging to address experimentally. i use a plant invasion as a model system to tackle this question by combining molecular markers, a common garden experiment and climatic niche modelling. this approach reveals that non-native lactuca serriola originates primarily from europe, a climatic subset of its native ... | 2013 | 23902908 |
| pharmacological effects of lactuca serriola l. in experimental model of gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular ailments. | lactuca serriola l. has traditionally been used in folkloric medicine to manage respiratory, gastrointestinal, and multiple other ailments. the present study was undertaken to explore the effect of methanol extract of l. serriola on isolated rabbit tissue preparations, that is, jejunum, trachea, and aorta in an attempt to validate its folkloric use in traditional medicine for gastrointestinal, respiratory, and vascular ailments. the application of the methanol extract to isolated rabbit jejunum ... | 2013 | 23662127 |
| gas chromatography-triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry for analysis of selected polyhalogenated pollutants in plants. comparison of extraction methods. | different extraction methods, followed by gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry, were evaluated for simultaneous extraction of seven polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) and six polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) from common weeds. pressurized liquid extraction (ple) with in-cell clean-up, ultrasound-assisted extraction (uae) with in-column clean-up, and uae with dispersive solid-phase extraction (dspe) clean-up were evaluated and compared. in-cell clean-up with 4 g f ... | 2013 | 23070044 |
| cement dust pollution induces toxicity or deficiency of some essential elements in wild plants growing around a cement factory. | in the present study, it was aimed to determine the effects of cement dust pollution on contents of some significant essential elements (p, s, k, ca, fe and cl) in wild plants (medigago varia, anchusa leptophylla, euphorbia orientalis, lactuca serriola, artemisia spicigera, crambe orientalis, convolvulus sepium and senecio vernalis) using wavelength-dispersive spectrometer x-ray fluorescence technique. plant samples were collected from different locations around a cement factory which is located ... | 2013 | 22499269 |
| trace elements present in airborne particulate matter--stressors of plant metabolism. | changes of amino acid concentrations (glutamic acid, glutamine, asparagine, aspartate, proline, tryptophan, alanine, glycine, valine and serine), gas-exchange parameters (net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular co(2) concentration) and nitrate levels in lactuca serriola l. under airborne particulate matter (pm) contamination reported here reveal their role in plant chronic stress adaptation. results of the pot experiment confirmed the toxic effect of t ... | 2012 | 22212345 |
| inheritance and physiological basis for 2,4-d resistance in prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.). | experiments were conducted to determine the inheritance and physiological basis for resistance to the synthetic auxinic herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-d) in a prickly lettuce biotype. inheritance of 2,4-d resistance in prickly lettuce is governed by a single codominant gene. absorption and translocation were conducted using (14)c-2,4-d applied to 2,4-d-resistant and -susceptible biotypes. at 96 h after treatment (hat), the resistant biotype absorbed less applied 2,4-d and retain ... | 2011 | 21790161 |
| floristic composition and vegetation analysis in hail region north of central saudi arabia. | in this study, 19 sites representing different habitats in hail region were regularly visited for two years, in each site 2-5 stands were selected for investigating floristic composition and vegetation types in the area. a total of 124 species representing 34 families were recorded. the family asteraceae is represented by the highest number of species (21 species) followed by the poaceae (17 species) and the brassicaceae (10 species) whereas, 15 families including acanthaceae, convolvulaceae, mo ... | 2010 | 23961067 |
| evolution and genetic population structure of prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola) and its rgc2 resistance gene cluster. | genetic structure and diversity of natural populations of prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola) were studied using aflp markers and then compared with the diversity of the rgc2 disease resistance gene cluster. screening of 696 accessions from 41 populations using 319 aflp markers showed that eastern turkish and armenian populations were the most diverse populations and might be located in the origin and center of diversity of l. serriola. screening 709 accessions using the microsatellite msate6 tha ... | 2008 | 18385115 |
| new antibacterial triterpenoid saponin from lactuca scariola. | a new antibacterial triterpenoid saponin, 3beta-o-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-30-norolean-12,19-diene-28-oic acid 28-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl]-ester (1); has been isolated from the stems of lactuca scariola. its structure was determined by chemical degradations and spectral analysis. | 2008 | 18325685 |
| the spread of resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibiting herbicides in a wind borne, self-pollinated weed species, lactuca serriola l. | resistance to als-inhibiting herbicides in lactuca serriola first appeared in the northern yorke peninsula in south australia in 1994, with resistance soon observed at a number of additional sites. the rapid appearance of resistance at many sites could be attributed to a number of independent selection events or to movement of resistant seed from the original field. issrs were used to genotype plants collected in 1999 and 2004 from roadsides or fields in an attempt to determine the importance of ... | 2007 | 17628783 |
| antioxidative components from the aerial parts of lactuca scariola l. | the antioxidant activity of lactuca scariola (compositae) was investigated by measuring the radical scavenging effect on dpph (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical. the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of lactuca scariola showed strong radical scavenging activity. the etoac soluble fraction exhibited a stronger activity than the others, and was purified by silica gel and sephadex lh-20 column chromatography. quercetin-3-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside, luteolin-7-o-beta-d-glucopyranoside, luteo ... | 2001 | 11693545 |
| specialized generalists: constraints on host range in some plusiine caterpillars. | insects that feed on plants with secretory canals often cut trenches across leaves, thereby depressurizing the canals and eliminating exudation at their distal feeding site. we compared the trenching ability of three species of polyphagous plusiines (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and tested if trenching scores correlate with larval growth. the three plusiines (trichoplusia ni, pseudoplusia includens, and rachiplusia ou) were each tested on prickly lettuce, lactuca serriola (asteraceae), which has late ... | 2000 | 28308763 |
| ecophysiological consequences of non-random leaf orientation in the prairie compass plant, silphium laciniatum. | the prairie compass plant (silphium laciniatum l.) has vertical leaves that are characteristically oriented in a north-south plane (i.e., the flat surfaces of the lamina face east and west). we explored the consequences of this orientation by determining basic photosynthetic and water use characteristics in response to environmental factors and by determining total daily photosynthesis and water use of leaves held in different orientations. average maximum co2 exchange rate (cer) of leaves near ... | 1990 | 28312663 |
| effect of nonrandom leaf orientation on reproduction in lactuca serriola l. | the cauline leaves of an annual, lactuca serriola l., are naturally oriented vertically with the lamina perpendicular to the east and west. previous physiological data indicated that this nonrandom leaf orientation should reduce water loss without substantially reducing photosynthesis and could thus influence plant growth and reproduction (werk and ehleringer, 1984, 1985). the effect of leaf orientation on flower and seed production was tested experimentally using potted l. serriola grown outdoo ... | 1986 | 28563500 |
| characteristics of prickly lettuce seed oil in relation to methods of extraction. | samples of seed oil of prickly lettuce (lactuca sacriola oleifera) which had been obtained by pressing or by extracting with acetone, ethyl ether, petroleum ether or carbon tetrachloride were analysed for the following parameters: viscosity, saponification number, iodine number, thiocyanogen value, unsaponifiable matter, free fatty acids, peroxide number and fatty acid composition. the different parameters varied in part considerably in relation to the method of production (pressing or solvent e ... | 1976 | 958356 |
| est-ssr development from 5 lactuca species and their use in studying genetic diversity among l. serriola biotypes. | prickly lettuce (lactuca serriola l.) is a problematic weed of pacific northwest and recently developed resistance to the auxinic herbicide 2,4-d. there are no publically available simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers to tag 2,4-d resistance genes in l. serriola. therefore, a study was conducted to develop ssr markers from expressed sequence tags (ests) of 5 lactuca species. a total of 15,970 ssrs were identified among 57,126 est assemblies belonging to 5 lactuca species. ssr-containing ests (ss ... | 2013 | 21148616 |
| rapid mapping of two genes for resistance to downy mildew from lactuca serriola to existing clusters of resistance genes. | two resistances to downy mildew derived from lactuca serriola were characterized genetically and mapped using molecular markers. classical genetic analysis suggested monogenic inheritance; however, the presence of multiple, tightly-linked genes in each case could not be eliminated. therefore, they were designated resistance factors r17 and r18. analysis with molecular markers known to be linked to clusters of resistance genes quickly revealed linkage of r18 to the major cluster of resistance gen ... | 1994 | 24177776 |
| prevention of toxic effects of mercuric chloride on some male accessory organs in mice with a multiherbal drug "speman". | adult swiss albino male mice exposed to mercuric chloride via drinking water at 5 μg/ml for 100 days revealed significant reduction in the wet weight and severe histopathological changes in male accessory organs, poor level of serum testosterone and infertility. these effects were reduced remarkable and fertility was restored when drug (12.50 mg/mouse/day orally) was administered during mercury exposure for 100days or after hg-exposure for next 60 days (post therapy). natural recovery after merc ... | 2000 | 22556990 |