| blood glucose, total serum cholesterol and total bilirubin levels of rats following extraintestinal migration of strongyloides venezuelensis (brumpt, 1934). | | 1975 | 1122733 |
| the role of interleukin-5 in protective immunity to strongyloides venezuelensis infection in mice. | we depleted or neutralized interleukin-5 (il-5) and il-5 receptor of c57bl/6 mice, using rat anti-murine il-5 monoclonal antibody (nc17) and anti-murine il-5 receptor monoclonal antibody (h7). mice treated with these monoclonal antibodies were infected with strongyloides venezuelensis larvae. the time-course of faecal egg output and peripheral eosinophilia were monitored. in a primary infection, anti-il-5 treatment did not affect faecal egg output, although the eosinophil count in peripheral blo ... | 1991 | 2037312 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis infections in mice. | the course and intensity of strongyloides venezuelensis infection as compared with s. ratti infection were investigated in balb/c mice. the mice were found to be much more susceptible to infection with s. venezuelensis than s. ratti. the majority of worms inoculated were recovered from the lungs and subsequently from the small intestines, suggesting that their migratory route via the lungs to the small intestine was comparable to that of s. stercoralis in humans. spontaneous expulsion of worms o ... | 1990 | 2312227 |
| effects of spleen cells and serum on transfer of immunity to strongyloides venezuelensis infection in hypothymic (nude) mice. | the course of strongyloides venezuelensis infection in congenitally hypothymic (nu/nu) mice and their heterozygous thymus-bearing littermates (nu/+) was followed. unlike the infected nu/+ mice, the nu/nu mice were unable to expel the worms until the end of the observation period (98 days post-infection). in addition, about three times as many eggs were counted at the peak level of infection in faeces of the infected nu/nu mice in comparison with the nu/+ mice. no acquired resistance to rechallen ... | 1990 | 2312228 |
| the course of infection in rats given small primary doses of strongyloides ratti and s. venezuelensis. | development of exact doses (less than 100) of strongyloides venezuelensis third-stage larvae in adult wistar rats was insignificant (mean proportion of 0.076 of the dose at day 8, n = 16) compared with a homogonic strain of s. ratti (0.538, n = 6; 0.726, n = 6) and heterogonic s. ratti (0.681, n = 6). newly-weaned wistars allowed development of a mean proportion of s. venezuelensis of 0.298 (n = 4) compared with 0.013 (n = 4) of the same sample of larvae in adult hosts. experiments with 75se-lab ... | 1989 | 2738379 |
| [treatment of experimental infection by strongyloides venezuelensis in rats, with the use of injectable ivermectin and levamisole]. | for the therapy of human strongyloidiasis, are necessary effective drugs to eliminate both larvae and adult worm parasitism, which may also be used by parenteral route, to obviate the particular conditions presented by many patients. a study based on the experimental infection by strongyloides venezuelensis in rats was done, administering injectable ivermectin or levamisole. both drugs were shown to be active, when used in single doses of 0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg of ivermectin, or 26 mg/kg for levamisol ... | 1989 | 2814204 |
| [evaluation of the therapeutic activity of albendazole in rats experimentally infected with strongyloides venezuelensis]. | | 1986 | 3823741 |
| growth and development of strongyloides venezuelensis brumpt, 1934 in the albino rat. | | 1970 | 5534088 |
| goblet cell hyperplasia induced by strongyloides venezuelensis-infection in syrian golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus. | the goblet cell response was examined in the jejunum of the syrian golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus, following infection with an intestinal helminth, strongyloides venezuelensis. after subcutaneous inoculation with 3000 infective larvae (l3), the number of adult worms in the small intestine remained stable up to day 20 and then decreased. before infection, the number of goblet cells in the jejunum was about 70/10 villi. the number of goblet cells slowly increased, though not significantly, u ... | 1995 | 7601600 |
| cross-resistance between strongyloides venezuelensis and s. ratti in mice. | cross-resistance between strongyloides venezuelensis and s. ratti was tested in mice. the mice were immunized with s. ratti and challenged with infective filariform larvae or larvae recovered from the lungs of mice, of a heterologous species, s. venezuelensis. in this system, cross-resistance was expressed to the intestinal stage but not to the migrating stage of the parasite. anti-interleukin (il)-5 monoclonal antibody (mab) treatment showed that peripheral blood eosinophilia after infection wi ... | 1995 | 7636158 |
| development in vitro of free-living infective larvae to the parasitic stage of strongyloides venezuelensis by temperature shift. | free-living infective larvae strongyloides venezuelensis were cultured in dulbecco's modified eagle's medium at 25 and 37 degrees c, and development to the parasitic stage was evaluated using morphological, protein and antigenicity criteria. few larvae cultured at 25 degrees c showed development whereas, in most of the larvae cultured at 37 degrees c, there appeared characteristic changes such as a bulb-like head and droplets under the cuticle with an increase of body width of the larvae. the re ... | 1994 | 7831099 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis infection in syrian golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus, with reference to the phenotype of intestinal mucosal mast cells. | syrian golden hamster, mesocricetus auratus, was found to be a moderately susceptible host for the intestinal helminth, strongyloides venezuelensis. after infection by subcutaneous inoculation with 3000 infective larvae (l3), about 20% of them became adult worms in the small intestine, and, after a stable infection up to day 20, adult worms were slowly and gradually expelled towards day 45. before infection, mast cells in the jejunum were about 30/10 villus crypt units and over 80% of them were ... | 1994 | 7870464 |
| goblet cell mucins of four genera of the subfamily cricetinae with reference to the protective activity against strongyloides venezuelensis. | goblet and mast cell responses in the jejunum of four genera, mesocricetus auratus (syrian hamster), phodopus campbelli, cricetulus griseus (chinese hamster), and tscherskia triton, belonging to the subfamily cricetinae, were examined after infection with strongyloides venezuelensis. parasite eggs became detectable in faeces of all four genera on day 7. faecal egg count peaked around day 8 in c. griseus and t. triton and around day 14 in m. auratus and p. campbelli. in m. auratus and p. campbell ... | 1994 | 7870465 |
| defective mucosal immunity and normal systemic immunity of mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus, to reinfection with strongyloides venezuelensis. | the systemic and local protective activity of mongolian gerbils was examined after re-infection with strongyloides venezuelensis. mongolian gerbils were unable to expel s. venezuelensis adult worms from the intestine for over ten weeks after a primary infection. therefore, immune animals were prepared by treating with mebendazole four weeks after a primary infection and then they were challenged by different maturation stages of the parasite; subcutaneous inoculation with the infective larvae (l ... | 1993 | 7877833 |
| regulatory effect of anti-interleukin-5 monoclonal antibody on intestinal worm burden in a primary infection with strongyloides venezuelensis in mice. | the intestinal worm burden in strongyloides venezuelensis-infected mice was influenced by treatment with anti-interleukin-5 (il-5) monoclonal antibody (nc17) when nc17 was given to mice 3-7 days before infection. the present study has examined the involvement of il-5 in susceptibility at different in the development of the parasite in the host. the results show that the number of tissue-migrating larvae recovered from the lungs in a primary infection was not affected by anti-il-5 monoclonal anti ... | 1994 | 7883446 |
| isolation of strongyloides venezuelensis from rattus norvegicus in kagoshima prefecture. | on 30 august 1984, strongyloides sp. specimens were isolated from a rat (rattus norvegicus) trapped at a pig farm in kiire-cho, ibusuki-gun, kagoshima prefecture. both anterior and posterior ovaries of parasitic female were spirally coiled. the means of body length and width, esophagus length, and the distances from mouth to vulva and from anus to tail end were 2,493, 34.5, 719.8, 1,682.8 and 54.4 microns respectively. filariform larvae measured 544.2, 15.6 and 238.5 microns in the means of body ... | 1994 | 8075213 |
| goblet cell mucins as the selective barrier for the intestinal helminths: t-cell-independent alteration of goblet cell mucins by immunologically 'damaged' nippostrongylus brasiliensis worms and its significance on the challenge infection with homologous and heterologous parasites. | the aim of this study was to examine the role of t cells on the alteration of terminal sugars of goblet cell mucins in the small intestinal mucosa of parasitized rats and to clarify the biological significance of the altered mucins in the mucosal defence against intestinal helminths. for this purpose, nippostrongylus brasiliensis adult worms obtained from donor rats at 7 ('normal' worms) or 13 days ('damaged' worms) post-infection were implanted intraduodenally into euthymic and hypothymic (rnu/ ... | 1994 | 8206520 |
| mucosal mast cells and the expulsive mechanisms of mice against strongyloides venezuelensis. | the possible importance of mucosal mast cells in the expulsive mechanisms of mice against strongyloides venezuelensis was examined. after a primary infection by subcutaneous inoculation with various doses into c57bl/6 mice, about 50% of the initial dose of infective larvae (l3) became adult worms and, regardless of the dose of infection, they were completely expelled by day 12 with similar kinetics. intestinal mastocytosis at the time of expulsion was comparable among groups given different dose ... | 1993 | 8225756 |
| protein analysis of strongyloides venezuelensis by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | infective larvae, larvae in the lung and adult-stage worms in the small intestine of strongyloides venezuelensis were analysed for protein by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. the infective larvae were differentiated from the other two stages of parasite with 13 stage-specific spots, whereas the larvae in the lung and the adult-stage worms were identical to each other in spot patterns except for 6 spots. | 1993 | 8286553 |
| persistent infection of strongyloides venezuelensis and normal expulsion of nippostrongylus brasiliensis in mongolian gerbils, meriones unguiculatus, with reference to the cellular responses in the intestinal mucosa. | the kinetics of daily faecal egg count, worm burdens, and intestinal cellular responses were examined in mongolian gerbils after infection with either strongyloides venezuelensis or nippostrongylus brasiliensis alone, or concurrently with both parasites. the results show that, both in individual and concurrent infections, s. venezuelensis infection persisted for over 10 weeks and elicited a gradual increase in number of mast cells in the jejunal mucosa. on the other hand, n. brasiliensis worms w ... | 1993 | 8316411 |
| long-lasting parasitism of strongyloides venezuelensis in mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus). | mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus) were infected with 100, 1,000 and 10,000 strongyloides venezuelensis infective larvae (l3) to determine the duration of fecal egg output. eggs per gram of feces (epg) were counted chronologically, and adult worms in the small intestine were recovered on 100 days after infection. changes of epg in mongolian gerbils infected with 10,000 l3 also were observed for 450 days. epg was stable for each dose after the peak value noted 9 or 10 days after the infect ... | 1993 | 8459348 |
| migration route of strongyloides venezuelensis in rodents. | infective larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis were injected into the medial aspect of the thigh of wistar rats and ddy mice to investigate their distribution within their hosts with the passage of time. the parasite migrated subcutaneously or intramuscularly towards the upper body and gradually arrived in the lung from 45 h post infection (p.i.) in rats and from 42 h p.i. in mice. after the larvae passed through the trachea, they first appeared in the small intestine at 60 h p.i., probably via ... | 1995 | 8550290 |
| effect of testosterone on the mucosal defence against intestinal helminths in indian soft-furred rats, millardia meltada with reference to goblet and mast cell responses. | effects of testosterone on the mucosal defence mechanisms against intestinal helminths were examined in millardia meltada. when female m. meltada were treated with testosterone at the pharmacological dose, nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection persisted for over seven weeks with prominent biphasic pattern of faecal egg production, whereas almost complete expulsion was observed by two weeks in untreated controls. in spite of a biphasic pattern of faecal egg production, the worm burden of testost ... | 1995 | 8552417 |
| massive experimental infection with strongyloides venezuelensis in rats and absence of sudden death. | ten rats were divided into five groups, a - e, to determine the larval dose-effect of infection with strongyloides venezuelensis (svz). the rat groups were exposed to svz infective larvae as follow: (a) 100, (b) 1,000, (c) 10,000, (d) 100,000 and (e) 1,000,000. the eight rats in groups a - d survived the infection. rats exposed to the higher doses of larvae had the higher egg per gram counts (epg), but more rapid reduction in epg counts. the four rats in groups c and d had epg counts greater tha ... | 1995 | 8593292 |
| reserpine-induced sulphomucin production by goblet cells in the jejunum of rats and its significance in the establishment of intestinal helminths. | the present investigation was undertaken to determine whether reserpine-induced increase in the sulphation of the small intestinal goblet cell mucins of rats affects the establishment of intestinal helminths. when wistar rats were given daily intraperitoneal injections of reserpine for seven days and were then implanted intraduodenally with 500 strongyloides venezuelensis adult worms, the number of adult worms established in the intestine of reserpine-treated rats was about half of that establis ... | 1995 | 8817604 |
| expression of a 70-kda heat-shock-related protein during transformation from free-living infective larvae to the parasitic stage in strongyloides venezuelensis. | the in vitro transformation system of strongyloides venezuelensis has been established which induces free-living infective larvae to transform into the parasitic stage by a temperature shift from 25 to 37 degrees c. comparison of the profiles of proteins labeled with [35s]-methionine in infective larvae at 25 and 37 degrees c with marked morphological transformation revealed an increase in the 70-kda protein, thus showing these proteins to be related to the family of heat-shock proteins. in addi ... | 1997 | 9000245 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis: adhesion of adult worms to culture vessels by orally secreted mucosubstances. | adults worms of strongyloides venezuelensis were cultured in vitro. after overnight incubation, about 60% of the worms adhered firmly to the bottom of culture vessels by secreting adhesive substances from the mouth. a single worm produced 24.5 +/- 10.1 of the adhesion spots overnight. when they were transferred to new culture vessels, they still produced new spots comparable to those produced for first 24 hr. the adhesion spots were positively stained with coomassie brilliant blue and also with ... | 1997 | 9024197 |
| early increase of gut intraepithelial mast cell precursors following strongyloides venezuelensis infection in mice. | the time-course of differentiation/proliferation of mast cells in gut epithelium was investigated in mice infected with the nematode strongyloides venezuelensis. after infection, expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen increased in gut intraepithelial mast cells on days 7 to 11, followed by an increase in the number of intraepithelial mast cells from days 11 to 14. mast cell precursors were defined as cells that formed mast cell colonies in methylcellulose culture. after infection, the ... | 1997 | 9051924 |
| ige regulates mouse basophil fc epsilon ri expression in vivo. | the binding of ige to high-affinity ige receptors (fc epsilon ri) on the surface of mast cells and basophils primes these cells to secrete a panel of proinflammatory mediators upon subsequent exposure to specific ag. we now find that the level of fc epsilon ri expression on bone marrow basophils in mice infected with the nematode strongyloides venezuelensis exhibits a strong positive correlation with the serum concentration of ige, as was previously reported for human blood basophils. moreover, ... | 1997 | 9058781 |
| expression of mast-cell-specific proteases in tissues of mice studied by in situ hybridization. | the protease mrna expression phenotype of individual mast cells was studied by in situ hybridization. mouse mast cell protease (mmcp)-2 mrna was expressed by mast cells located in the mucosa of the stomach of wb(-)+/+ and (wb x c57bl/6)f1(-)+/+ (hereafter wbb6f1(-)+/+) mice but not by mast cells in the same tissue of c57bl/ 6(-)+/+ mice. even in the stomach of wbb6f1(-)+/+ mice, mast cells located in the muscularis propria did not express mmcp-2 mrna. the mrnas of mmcp-4 and mouse mast cell carb ... | 1997 | 9094993 |
| a freeze-fracture and deep-etch study of the cuticle and hypodermis of infective larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis (nematoda). | the body walls of infective 3rd-stage larvae of s. venezuelensis were studied by routine transmission electron microscopy, ruthenium red cytochemistry, quick-freeze, freeze-fracture and deep-etch techniques. in routine thin sections the cuticle is formed by 5 layers: epicuticle, cortical, medial, fibrous and basal. the epicuticle showed a trilaminate appearance and a surface coat stained with ruthenium red. specimens submitted to freeze-fracture were frequently sectioned along the body wall at t ... | 1997 | 9138031 |
| sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to measure parasite-specific antibodies of indian soft-furred rats, millardia meltada. | immunoglobulin g (igg) of indian soft-furred rat, millardia meltada, was purified by an immunoaffinity chromatography and antibodies against it was raised in rabbit. using this rabbit anti-m. meltada igg antibody, sensitivity of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to measure parasite-specific antibodies in the sera of m. meltada was markedly enhanced than the previous method using rabbit anti-mouse igg and rabbit anti-rat igg antibodies, which could cross-react to m. meltada igg. since m. ... | 1997 | 9234230 |
| [the treatment of rats experimentally infected with strongyloides venezuelensis by orally administered ivermectin]. | strongyloides venezuelensis experimental infection in rats was treated by two different oral preparations of ivermectin, 0.2 mg/kg. one was a human formula used by who in the treatment of onchocerciasis; the other was a veterinary preparation. adult worms and larvae were evaluated. the human formulation cleared both forms in 59.3% (adult worms) and 73.0% (larvae), whereas the veterinary one cleared 98.0% and 84.2%, respectively. the antilarval action is very useful when treating systemic strongy ... | 1997 | 9463194 |
| development of an in vitro culture method for harvesting the free-living infective larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis. | an in vitro culture technique was established for harvesting strongyloides venezuelensis free-living infective larvae using a nutrient broth medium as a substitute for rat-feces in polyvinyl culture bags (10 x 12 cm). the egg hatch rate (y) in sterile saline at different incubation temperatures (x) was expressed as the quadratic function, y = -0.192x2 + 8.673x - 19.550 (r = 0.901). the highest (100%) egghatch rate was observed at 25 degrees c. a significant difference (p < 0.05) in development r ... | 1998 | 9529859 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis: binding of orally secreted adhesion substances to sulfated carbohydrates. | adhesion substances produced by adult worms of strongyloides venezuelensis bound strongly to hepin-sepharose beads after incubation at 37 degrees c for 1 h. this binding was completely inhibited by highly sulfated carbohydrates such as soluble heparin, dextran surfate, fucoidan, and pentosan polysulfate. chondroitin sulfate e and chondroitin sulfate a inhibited to a lesser degree and chondroitin sulfate c and dextran did not inhibit significantly. carbohydrate moieties as well as the number and ... | 1998 | 9603484 |
| viability of eggs, filariform larvae and adults of strongyloides venezuelensis (nematoda: strongyloidea) maintained in vitro. | the present study was performed to check the viability of eggs, filariform larvae and adults of strongyloides venezuelensis exposed to various conditions for an in vitro maintenance. the eggs in the feces remained viable for about 25 days at 4 degrees c and 15 days at room temperature. however, the isolated eggs in sterile saline lost their viability within 24 hr at 4 degrees c. the eggs in morula stage were very sensitive to air drying and rapidly lost their viability (< or = 12 hr). filariform ... | 1998 | 9637827 |
| intestinal mast cell response and mucosal defence against strongyloides venezuelensis in interleukin-3-hyporesponsive mice. | recently several inbred strains of mice were found to be hyporesponsive to interleukin (il)-3 because of a 5-bp deletion in the intron 7 of the gene that encodes il-3 receptor alpha subunit (il-3r alpha). due to this mutation, mast cells were not generated in vitro from bone marrow cells of these mice under the presence of il-3. intestinal mucosal mast cells, of which growth/differentiation is dependent on il-3, are important effector cells in immune-mediated expulsion of intestinal nematodes, s ... | 1998 | 9651929 |
| effects of in vitro culture methods on morphological development and infectivity of strongyloides venezuelensis filariform larvae. | the effects of in vitro culture methods on morphological development and infectivity of strongyloides venezuelensis filariform larvae (l3) to rats were investigated. a significantly higher body length was observed in l3 from filter paper culture (597.3 +/- 32.2 microns) than those in fecal (509.9 +/- 35.0 microns) and nutrient broth culture (503.3 +/- 31.0 microns) (p < 0.05). larval infectivity was assessed by exposing rats to 1,000 l3 from each culture and worms were recovered from the lungs a ... | 1999 | 10188378 |
| partial cross-resistance between strongyloides venezuelensis and nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats. | rats were immunized through an initial infection with 1,000 filariform larvae (l3) of nippostrongylus brasiliensis and after complete expulsion of worms they were challenged with 1,000 l3 of strongyloides venezuelensis to investigate whether cross-resistance developed against a heterologous parasite. nippostrongylus brasiliensis-immunized rats developed a partial cross-resistance against s. venezuelensis migrating larvae (msl3) in the lungs and adult worms in the small intestine. the population ... | 1999 | 10388268 |
| a role of mast cell glycosaminoglycans for the immunological expulsion of intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis. | we examined effects of mast cell glycosaminoglycans on the establishment of the intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis, in the mouse small intestine. when intestinal mastocytosis occurred, surgically implanted adult worms could not invade and establish in the intestinal mucosa. in mast cell-deficient w/wv mice, inhibition of adult worm invasion was not evident as compared with littermate +/+ control mice. mucosal mastocytosis and inhibition of s. venezuelensis adult worm mucosal invasi ... | 2000 | 10725734 |
| a method of decontaminating strongyloides venezuelensis larvae for the study of strongyloidiasis in germ-free and conventional mice. | to study the possible influence of intestinal micro-organisms on the course of strongyloidiasis in mice, a method was developed to obtain axenic infective larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis. cultured larvae from conventional mice were treated with sodium hypochlorite 0.25% for 10 min, washed in distilled water and then exposed to various combinations of antibiotics for 30 or 60 min. success was achieved with a combination of penicillin 180 mg/l and ceftazidime 1 mg/ml. decontamination of the ... | 2000 | 10755636 |
| protective mechanisms against the intestinal nematode strongyloides venezuelensis in schistosoma japonicum-infected mice. | mice infected with schistosoma japonicum were resistant to the intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis. the numbers of adult s. venezuelensis recovered from mice were significantly decreased when infections were given from 6 weeks after s. japonicum infection. larval recovery from the lungs showed that significant numbers of subcutaneously inoculated s. venezuelensis larvae were eliminated by 3 days in s. japonicum-infected mice (p < 0.0001), while histology revealed that this was assoc ... | 2000 | 10849307 |
| mucosal defense against gastrointestinal nematodes: responses of mucosal mast cells and mouse mast cell protease 1 during primary strongyloides venezuelensis infection in fcrgamma-knockout mice. | a possible role for the gamma subunit of immunoglobulin fc receptors (fcr) in mucosal defenses against intestinal nematode parasites was studied using age-matched fcrgamma-knockout (fcrgamma(-/-)) and wild-type (fcrgamma(+/+)) c57bl/6 mice. mice were infected subcutaneously with 3,000 infective larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis, and the degree of infection was monitored by daily fecal egg counts and adult worm recovery on days 8 and 13 postinfection. mucosal mast cell (mmc) responses were as ... | 2000 | 10948112 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis: heparin-binding adhesion substances in immunologically damaged adult worms. | immunologically damaged strongyloides venezuelensis adult worms were examined for their mucosal invasion ability and secretion of heparin-binding adhesion substances. s. venezuelensis was expelled from male wistar rats 4 to 5 weeks after infection. four-week-old adult worms were smaller and had fewer eggs than 1-week-old adult worms. one-week-old, 4-week-old, and 5-week-old adult worms equally established in the recipient mouse intestine when surgically implanted. adult worms of 4 and 5 weeks of ... | 2000 | 10964644 |
| a quick-frozen, freeze-fracture and deep-etched study of the cuticle of adult forms of strongyloides venezuelensis (nematoda). | the cuticle of adult forms of strongyloides venezuelensis was studied by routine transmission electron microscopy, conventional freeze-fracture and also using quick-freeze and deep-etch techniques. in routine thin sections the cuticle of s. venezuelensis comprises 7 layers: epicuticle, outer cortical, inner cortical, external medial, internal medial, fibrous and basal. observation of replicas of specimens fractured across the thickness of the body wall, revealed at the epicuticle an ordered arra ... | 1995 | 11023416 |
| immune response against protozoal and nematodal infection in mice with underlying schistosoma mansoni infection. | schistosoma mansoni infection induces t helper (th) 2-dominant immune response in mice not only to s. mansoni itself but also to other coexisting antigens. in the present study, we challenged s. mansoni-infected mice with the intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis, and the intracellular protozoa, leishmania major to see whether such th2-dominant immune responses alter susceptibility of the host to other concomitant parasitic infections. the recovery of s. venezuelensis adult worms from ... | 1999 | 11269328 |
| importance of immunoglobulin e (ige) in the protective mechanism against gastrointestinal nematode infection: looking at the intestinal mucosae. | this review discusses experimental evidences that indicate the ige participation on the effector mechanisms that leads to gastrointestinal nematode elimination. data discussed here showed that, for most experimental models, the immune response involved in nematode elimination is regulated by th-2 type cytokines (especially il-4). however, the mechanism(s) that result in worm elimination is not clear and might be distinct in different nematode species. parasite specific ige production, especially ... | 2001 | 11696854 |
| diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis using particulate antigen of two strains of strongyloides venezuelensis in indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. | | 2001 | 11708834 |
| natural resistance of 129/svj mice to strongyloides venezuelensis infection. | the susceptibility of 129/svj mice to infection with strongyloides venezuelensis was compared with that of c57bl/6 mice. after a primary infection, daily egg output in faeces (epg) from 129/svj mice was lower and terminated earlier than that from c57bl/6 mice. adult worm recovery from the small intestine of 129/svj mice on day 7 was also lower than that of c57bl/6 mice. when the numbers of larvae recovered from the lungs were examined on days 2, 3 and 4 after a primary infection, they were compa ... | 2001 | 11737669 |
| selective loss of gastrointestinal mast cells and impaired immunity in pi3k-deficient mice. | mice that lack the p85alpha regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (pi3k) are deficient in gastrointestinal and peritoneal mast cells but have dermal mast cells. accordingly, these mice show impaired bacterial clearance in response to acute septic peritonitis and are highly susceptible to infection by the intestinal nematode strongyloides venezuelensis. systemic anaphylactic shock responses, however, are intact. we found that although reconstitution of pi3kminus sign/minus sign mice ... | 2002 | 11850627 |
| androgen- and estrogen-dependent sex differences in host resistance to strongyloides venezuelensis infection in wistar rats. | the effects of male and female sex hormones on the protective capacity of wistar rats against infection with strongyloides venezuelensis were investigated. male rats were more susceptible than females in terms of worm recovery from the lungs. orchidectomy of male animals significantly reduced the plasma testosterone concentration and increased host resistance to the migratory stages of s. venezuelensis larvae. in contrast, ovariectomy of female animals significantly decreased host resistance in ... | 2002 | 12130827 |
| age- and sex-related changes in susceptibility of wistar rats to strongyloides venezuelensis infection. | the effects of host age and sex on susceptibility to strongyloides venezuelensis in wistar rats were examined by counting larvae recovered from the lungs of animals 3 days after infection. the susceptibility of female rats to s. venezuelensis rapidly decreased with age and elevated estrogen. resistance in female rats inoculated at 6 and 10 weeks of age was nine and twenty-fold higher, respectively than that in the youngest group (3 weeks). in contrast, the susceptibility of male animals was lowe ... | 2002 | 12130838 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis: longitudinal distribution of adult worms in the host intestine is influenced by mucosal sulfated carbohydrates. | mechanisms for the longitudinal distribution of parasitic females of strongyloides venezuelensis in the host intestine were investigated in mice. adult worms were mostly recovered from the anterior-most one-third of the small intestine throughout the infection after infective larvae inoculation. surgically implanted adult worms established well in the small intestinal mucosa, either in the duodenum or in the ileum, whereas a few worms could establish in the large intestine. implanted worms in th ... | 2002 | 12173403 |
| infection with strongyloides venezuelensis induces transient airway eosinophilic inflammation, an increase in immunoglobulin e, and hyperresponsiveness in rats. | infection by nematode parasites with a pulmonary migration in their life cycle and allergic asthma are two highly prevalent diseases in humans; therefore, one may expect both may occur concomitantly. there is a predominant and essential role of th2 lymphocytes in the mechanisms underlying the control of parasite elimination as well as in the pathology observed in the asthmatic lung. the consequences of such situations have been explored, with controversial results, justifying the development of ... | 2002 | 12379705 |
| enhanced protection against the migratory phase, but defective protection against the intestinal phase of strongyloides venezuelensis infection in cotton rats, sigmodon hispidus. | the protective capacity of the cotton rat, sigmodon hispidus, against the migratory and intestinal phases of strongyloides venezuelensis infection was examined. after subcutaneous infection with infective larvae (l(3)), adult worm recovery rates from male and female animals on day 71 were only 0.10% and 0.06% of initial dose, respectively. to determine whether this enhanced protection was expressed during the migratory phase or the intestinal phase, larval recovery from the lungs of cotton rat w ... | 2002 | 12499689 |
| persistent infection with strongyloides venezuelensis in the mongolian gerbil (meriones unguiculatus). | to examine the fate of strongyloides venezuelensis. mongolian gerbils (meriones unguicalatus) were orally infected with 1,000 l3 larvae per animal. altogether, 50 gerbils divided into 5 groups of 10 each were monitored for a period of 570 days to document the kinetics of faecal egg output, adults worm population, morphological development, fecundity, and hematological changes including peripheral blood eosinophilia. this study chronicled a life long parasitism of s. venezuelensis in the gerbil h ... | 2002 | 12509102 |
| adult worms of the rodent intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis, successfully invade chick intestinal mucosa. | in order to study the mucosal invasion of a rodent intestinal nematode in bird intestine, chicks were infected with the intestinal nematode of rodents, strongyloides venezuelensis, by subcutaneous larva inoculation and adult worm implantation. no evidence was obtained for larvae reaching the lungs or the intestine after infective larva inoculation. adult worms implanted in the small intestine invaded the mucosa and remained there at least for 24 h, whereas those implanted in the caecum were trap ... | 2003 | 12543145 |
| intraepithelial infiltration of eosinophils and their contribution to the elimination of adult intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis in mice. | eosinophils were examined for the capacity of attacking strongyloides venezuelensis adult worms in the intestinal mucosa by using interleukin (il)-5 transgenic mice. in il-5 transgenic mice, most of the subcutaneously inoculated infective larvae were killed during migration, and only a few worms could reach the small intestine. when the same number of adult worms were surgically implanted in the small intestine of il-5 transgenic and control mice, fecal egg output as well as the number of adult ... | 2003 | 12543149 |
| secreted adhesion molecules of strongyloides venezuelensis are produced by oesophageal glands and are components of the wall of tunnels constructed by adult worms in the host intestinal mucosa. | the parasitic female of strongyloides venezuelensis keeps invading the epithelial layer of the host intestinal mucosa. upon invasion, it adheres to the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells with adhesion molecules secreted from the mouth. it has been demonstrated that s. venezuelensis are expelled from the intestine because mucosal mast cells inhibit the attachment of adult worms to the mucosal surface. in the present study, we generated specific antibodies against secreted adhesion molecul ... | 2003 | 12636354 |
| changes in pulmonary function and parasite burden in rats infected with strongyloides venezuelensis concomitant with induction of allergic airway inflammation. | the prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma has increased markedly over the past few decades. to evaluate the possible mutual influence of helminth infection and allergy, the combined effects of experimental allergic airway inflammation and infection with strongyloides venezuelensis on various parasitological and inflammatory indices were evaluated in the rat. a challenge of immunized rats with aerosolized ovalbumin (ova) resulted in eosinophilic inflammation that peaked 48 h after the ch ... | 2003 | 12704135 |
| characterization of the protective response against a homologous challenge infection with strongyloides venezuelensis in rats. | the protective response in rats against a homologous challenge infection with strongyloides venezuelensis was characterized. in an initial infection with 1000 filariform larvae and migrating larvae (l(3)) of s. venezuelensis, the population of l(3) in the lungs on day 3 postinfection (pi), and that of adult worms in the small intestine on day 7 pi, were 180.8+/-14.5 and 336.8+/-70.7, respectively. the latter were gradually expelled towards day 42 pi. after the initial infection, the rats develop ... | 2003 | 12719136 |
| migration of strongyloides venezuelensis in rats after oral inoculation of free-living infective larvae. | strongyloides venezuelensis (svz) infection was chronologically monitored in 85 sprague-dawley rats (sdr), which were orally inoculated with approximately 1,000 infective larvae. in order to describe the characteristics of migrating larvae (mls) in various visceral organs (the liver, lung, cardiac blood, and small intestine), 5 sdr were sacrificed at 20 min, 45 min, 1 hr, 2 hr, 3 hr, 4 hr, 8 hr, 12 hr, 16 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr, 96 hr, 120 hr, 144 hr, 168 hr and 192 hr post inoculation (pi). mls were ... | 2003 | 14532688 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis alkaline extract for the diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | the present study was conducted to detected igg antibodies using strongyloides venezuelensis alkaline extract for the diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). sera from 90 subjects were analyzed (30 with strongyloidiasis, 30 with other parasites and 30 healthy individuals). results were expressed in antibody titers, which were considered as positive when titer was >80. sensibility and specificity of the assay were 100% and 96.7%, respectively. it can ... | 2003 | 14595467 |
| larvicidal effects of several chemicals on strongyloides infective larvae. | the larvicidal effects of 11 anthelmintics, 7 pesticides and 4 disinfectants were evaluated with infective larvae of strongyloides papillosus (spl) and strongyloides venezuelensis (svz). the lethal concentrations against spl and svz were found to be similar. three chemicals (dichlorvos, levamisole and trichlorfon) showed highest larvicidal effects. the 50% lethal concentration (lc(50)) values for the three compounds against spl larvae were 0.08, 0.24, and 0.59 ppm, respectively. | 2003 | 14651886 |
| platelet-activating factor receptor deficiency delays elimination of adult worms but reduces fecundity in strongyloides venezuelensis-infected mice. | we describe the parasitological kinetics and histopathological and immunological alterations in platelet-activating factor receptor-deficient (pafr(-/-)) and wild-type mice after a single strongyloides venezuelensis infection (subcutaneous inoculation of 500 l3 larvae). there was no difference in the numbers of worms that reached and became established in the small intestines of pafr(-/-) and wild-type mice. however, at 12 days after infection, significantly more worms were recovered from pafr(- ... | 2004 | 14742561 |
| gelatin particle indirect agglutination and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis using strongyloides venezuelensis antigen. | routine microscopical examination of stool specimens for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is insensitive and serological methods using strongyloides stercoralis antigen are at present not available for field studies. we evaluated 2 techniques, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and gelatin particle indirect agglutination (gpia), using an antigen obtained from the rodent parasite, s. venezuelensis. fifty-four peruvian patients with different clinical forms of strongyloidiasis were studied: 12 ... | 2003 | 15307419 |
| mucosal mast cell-derived chondroitin sulphate levels in and worm expulsion from fcrgamma-knockout mice following oral challenge with strongyloides venezuelensis. | mucosal mast cell-derived chondroitin sulphates (sulphated proteoglycans) were assayed in gut washings and homogenate of fcrgamma-knockout (ko) and wild-type (wt) c57bl/6 mice challenged with strongyloides venezuelensis in order to assess their possible role in secondary immunity against enteric nematodes. groups of immune ko and wt mice were challenged by oral gavage with 300 infective larvae (l3). establishment of infection was assessed by daily faecal analysis to determine the number of eggs ... | 2004 | 15365236 |
| il-18 with il-2 protects against strongyloides venezuelensis infection by activating mucosal mast cell-dependent type 2 innate immunity. | c57bl/6 (b6) and b6 background stat6(-/-) mice pretreated with il-18 plus il-2 showed prominent intestinal mastocytosis and rapidly expelled implanted adult worms of the gastrointestinal nematode strongyloides venezuelensis. in contrast, identically pretreated mast cell-deficient w/w(v) mice failed to do so. thus, activated mucosal mast cells (mmc) are crucial for parasite expulsion. b6 mice infected with s. venezuelensis third-stage larvae (l3) completed parasite expulsion by day 12 after infec ... | 2005 | 16129701 |
| leukotrienes play a role in the control of parasite burden in murine strongyloidiasis. | it is clear that leukotrienes mediate inflammatory response; new aspects of leukotriene function have recently been described. in this study, we demonstrate that leukotrienes are key chemical mediators in the control of parasite burdens in mice infected with strongyloides venezuelensis. high leukotriene levels were detected in the lungs and small intestines of swiss mice. in infected swiss mice treated with mk886, a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor, numbers of adult worms, and eggs/g/feces were g ... | 2005 | 16148135 |
| the mutual influence of nematode infection and allergy. | several studies have now shown that the prevalence of helminth infections is negatively correlated with the prevalence and/or severity of allergic diseases. here, we describe studies in rodents infected with strongyloides venezuelensis examining the mutual influence of nematode infection and allergy. s. venezuelensis has a lung cycle, much akin to the human hookworm and strongyloidiasis, and induces airway eosinophilia, local ige and mucus production, and airway hyperreactivity. both the th2 and ... | 2006 | 16210900 |
| successive changes in tissue migration capacity of developing larvae of an intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis. | infective larvae of an intestinal nematode, strongyloides venezuelensis, enter rodent hosts percutaneously, and migrate through connective tissues and lungs. then they arrive at the small intestine, where they reach maturity. it is not known how s. venezuelensis larvae develop during tissue migration. here we demonstrate that tissue invasion ability of s. venezuelensis larvae changes drastically during tissue migration, and that the changes are associated with stage-specific protein expression. ... | 2006 | 16280094 |
| the role of phosphoinositide-3-kinase in mast cell homing to the gastrointestinal tract. | phosphoinositide-3-kinases (pi3ks) are a family of lipid kinases essential in a variety of physiological reactions. a series of gene-targeted mice lacking different pi3ks and related molecules has enabled us to understand their in vivo roles, particularly those of class ia members. studies on knockout mice lacking class ia pi3ks and knock-in mice expressing mutant forms of enzymes have revealed the importance of this class of pi3ks in mast cell development in the gastrointestinal tract. here we ... | 2005 | 16605133 |
| expression of il-4 receptor on non-bone marrow-derived cells is necessary for the timely elimination of strongyloides venezuelensis in mice, but not for intestinal il-4 production. | in rodents and in humans, strongyloides infection induces an immune response which is predominantly th2 in nature. in an attempt to understand the role of the il-4r/stat6 signaling pathway, the pathway activated by the th2 cytokines il-4 and il-13, in the induction of protection during strongyloides venezuelensis infection, we have carried out experiments in mice lacking the il-4ralpha chain. experiments were also carried out in stat6 (stat6(-/-)) and il-12-deficient (il-12(-/-)) mice for compar ... | 2006 | 16793046 |
| interleukin-3 and c-kit/stem cell factor are required for normal eosinophil responses in mice infected with strongyloides venezuelensis. | to evaluate the potential roles of interleukin-3 (il-3) and c-kit, the tyrosine kinase receptor for stem cell factor (scf), in eosinophil responses in vivo, we examined eosinophil numbers in uninfected or nematode-infected wild-type mice, il-3-/- mice, and il-3-/- mice that also have a marked reduction in scf/c-kit signaling (ie, kit(w)/kit(w-v), il-3-/- mice). we found no significant differences in the numbers of eosinophils in the blood, bone marrow or various tissues of il-3-/- vs il-3+/+ mic ... | 2006 | 16894356 |
| prevention of changes in airway function facilitates strongyloides venezuelensis infection in rats. | alterations in lung function and pulmonary symptoms have been described in patients infected with helminths with a lung cycle. we have previously shown that infection with the nematode strongyloides venezuelensis induced a significant increase in airway hyperreactivity in infected rats. the aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that bronchodilation during the lung phase of parasite migration would favor completion of the life cycle and infection indices. for this purpose, s. venezu ... | 2007 | 17537664 |
| il-27 suppresses th2 cell development and th2 cytokines production from polarized th2 cells: a novel therapeutic way for th2-mediated allergic inflammation. | il-27 up-regulates th1 but down-regulates th2 responses. however, its molecular mechanism and regulatory effects on polarized th2 cells remain unclear. in this study, we have revealed that il-27 inhibits th2 cell development as well as th2 cytokines production from already polarized th2 cells by down-regulation of gata-3 and up-regulation of t-bet expression simultaneously. in vivo daily il-27 treatment for 1 wk after leishmania major infection protects balb/c mice from footpad swelling by dimin ... | 2007 | 17878337 |
| comparison of immune responses in mice infected with different strains of strongyloides venezuelensis. | in human hosts and in murine models, the immune response to strongyloides spp. is th2 type. in addition, the profile of the host immune response follows various symptoms induced by strongyloides spp. in the present study, we demonstrated that the l2 and l49 strains of strongyloides venezuelensis obtained from bolomys lasiurus and nectomys squamipes induced significant and similar increases in eosinophil/mononuclear cell counts in the blood, peritoneal cavity fluid and bronchoalveolar lavage flui ... | 2007 | 17944744 |
| increased intestinal endotoxin absorption during enteric nematode but not protozoal infections through a mast cell-mediated mechanism. | it is known that hypersensitivity reactions in the gastrointestinal tract, which are primarily mediated by mast cells, are associated with a secretory response of the epithelium and often increased permeability to macromolecules. studies to date have not examined the effects of hyperpermeability on the absorption of toxic substances normally present in the intestinal lumen such as bacterial lps. in the present study, we observed that strongyloides venezuelensis infection in mice decreases the mr ... | 2008 | 17998888 |
| evaluation of the immune response against strongyloides venezuelensis in antigen-immunized or previously infected mice. | the present study was carried out to investigate the immune response against strongyloides venezuelensis infection in balb/c mice previously immunized with larva-antigens or primed with live-larvae. our results indicate that all primed mice developed a strong protection against challenge infection that remained active for 45 days. in mice primed with live-larvae the challenge infection resulted in great reduction of migrating larvae and the worms were completely eliminated from the small intesti ... | 2008 | 18179627 |
| strongyloides venezuelensis: the antigenic identity of eight strains for the immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. | the antigens of eight strains of strongyloides venezuelensis were identified by means of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifat), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblot (ib) tests. infective larvae (l3) from these strains were obtained from rattus norvegicus feces cultures. for ifat, sections of l3 were used while the elisa and ib, tests were conducted with alkaline extract. ninety serum samples were tested: 30 from patients with s. stercoralis, 30 from patients with ot ... | 2008 | 18226812 |
| interference of dexamethasone in the pulmonary cycle of strongyloides venezuelensis in rats. | the aim of this study was to investigate the interference of a daily treatment of dexamethasone in the pulmonary cycle of strongyloides venezuelensis infection in rats. three principal effects were found: 1) increased alveolar hemorrhagic inflammation provoked by the passage of larvae into alveolar spaces; 2) significant decrease of eosinophil and mast cell migration to the axial septum of the lungs; and 3) impaired formation of the reticular fiber network, interfering with granuloma organizatio ... | 2008 | 18840747 |
| il-3 is required for increases in blood basophils in nematode infection in mice and can enhance ige-dependent il-4 production by basophils in vitro. | basophils represent potential effector and immunoregulatory cells, as well as a potential source of il-4, during the immune response elicited by infection with the nematode nippostrongylus brasiliensis (n.b.), and in other settings. however, the factors which regulate the numbers of blood basophils in mice, or the ability of these cells to produce il-4, are not fully understood. we found that infection of mice with the nematodes n.b. or strongyloides venezuelensis (s.v.) induced substantial incr ... | 2008 | 18975389 |
| immunolocalization and pathological alterations following strongyloides venezuelensis infection in the lungs and the intestine of mhc class i or ii deficient mice. | the present study, investigated the mechanisms involved in the immune responses of major histocompatibility complex class i or class ii knockout mice, following strongyloides venezuelensis infection. wild-type c57bl/6 (wt), mhc ii(-/-) and mhc i(-/-) mice were individually inoculated with 3000 larvae (l3) of s. venezuelensis and sacrificed on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 13 and 21 post-infection (p.i.). samples of blood, lungs and small intestines were collected. the tissue samples were stained with hematox ... | 2008 | 18977600 |
| hyper-variable regions in 18s rdna of strongyloides spp. as markers for species-specific diagnosis. | four hyper-variable regions (hvr-i to -iv) found in 18s ribosomal dna sequences were compared among 34 isolates of 15 species of the genus strongyloides to evaluate their diagnostic value. hvr-i to -iii were short, and plural species exhibit the same nucleotide arrangement. meanwhile, hvr-iv had 23 to 39 nucleotides, showing species-specific arrangements, except strongyloides ransomi and strongyloides venezuelensis, which had the same nucleotide sequence in hvr-iv but were readily distinguished ... | 2009 | 19050926 |
| mechanisms of the airway hyperresponsiveness induced by strongyloides venezuelensis infection in rats: role of capsaicin-sensitive neurons. | strongyloides venezuelensis migrates through the lungs and induces airway hyperresponsiveness (ahr). the present study evaluated the role of c-fibers in mediating airway inflammation and ahr after infection of rats with s. venezuelensis. neonatal treatment with capsaicin effectively depleted sensory nerves. this was accompanied by inhibition of the ahr induced by s. venezuelensis infection. in contrast, capsaicin treatment greatly enhanced pulmonary inflammation, eosinophil influx and the local ... | 2009 | 19114120 |
| [evaluation of the humoral immune response to strongyloides venezuelensis antigens]. | strongyloidiasis affects 30 million people in 70 countries. this enteral parasitosis is usually diagnosed using parasitological tests based on hydrotropism or thermotropism of larvae eliminated in feces, but these tests have been shown to have low sensitivity. in this study, antigenic extracts were tested by means of elisa, immunoblotting and ifi, using filariform larvae of strongyloides venezuelensis, a parasite of rodents that shows cross-reactions with strongyloides stercoralis epitopes. sens ... | 2008 | 19142446 |
| major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii but not mhc class i molecules are required for efficient control of strongyloides venezuelensis infection in mice. | strongyloides stercoralis is an intestinal nematode capable of chronic, persistent infection and hyperinfection of the host; this can lead to dissemination, mainly in immunosuppressive states, in which the infection can become severe and result in the death of the host. in this study, we investigated the immune response against strongyloides venezuelensis infection in major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i or class ii deficient mice. we found that mhc ii(-/-) animals were more susceptibl ... | 2009 | 19191916 |
| the effect of infection history on the fitness of the gastrointestinal nematode strongyloides ratti. | summary: hosts in nature will often acquire infections by different helminth species over their lifetime. this presents the potential for new infections to be affected (particularly via the host immune response) by a host's history of previous con- or hetero-specific infection. here we have used an experimental rat model to investigate the consequences of a history of primary infection with either nippostrongylus brasiliensis, strongyloides venezuelensis or s. ratti on the fitness of, and immuno ... | 2009 | 19265559 |
| counterregulation of th2 immunity by interleukin 12 reduces host defenses against strongyloides venezuelensis infection. | the aim of this study was to investigate the role of interleukin 12 (il-12) during strongyloides venezuelensis infection. il-12(-/-) and wild-type c57bl/6 mice were subcutaneously infected with 1500 larvae of s. venezuelensis. on days 7, 14, and 21 post-infection, we determined eosinophil and mononuclear cell numbers in the blood and broncoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), th2 cytokine secretion in the lung parenchyma, and serum antibody levels. the numbers of eggs in the feces and worm parasites in ... | 2009 | 19344783 |
| the ubiquitin-proteasome system in strongyloididae. biochemical evidence for developmentally regulated proteolysis in strongyloides venezuelensis. | nematode parasites from the genus strongyloides spp. are important pathogens of the intestinal mucosa of animals and humans. their complex life cycles involve alternating developmental adaptations between larvae stages and the adult parthenogenetic female. here, we report, primarily through homology-based searching, the existence of the major components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system in this genus, using the available est data from s. ratti, s. stercoralis, and parastrongyloides trichosuri. ... | 2009 | 19352707 |
| increased susceptibility to strongyloides venezuelensis in mice due to mycobacterium bovis co-infection which modulates production of th2 cytokines. | an estimated quarter of the world's population possesses an infection caused by gastrointestinal nematodes, which induce a th2 type immune response. concomitant infection of nematodes with mycobacterium tuberculosis, which induces a predominantly th1 type response, is very frequent in tropical and subtropical regions. this study examined immune responses of balb/c mice infected with strongyloides venezuelensis and then co-infected with mycobacterium bovis. the number of worms in the intestine, e ... | 2009 | 19660155 |
| morphological and molecular characterization of strongyloides ophidiae (nematoda, strongyloididae). | the aim of the present study is to report morphological data from parasitic female, rhabditoid and filarioid larvae, free-living female worms and eggs of strongyloides ophidiae (nematoda, strongyloididae). in addition, a molecular dna analysis was carried out using a pool of eight s. ophidiae parasitic females. samples were obtained from the small intestine of oxyrhopus guibei (serpentes, colubridae) collected in the municipality of lençóis paulista, state of são paulo, brazil. dna amplification ... | 2010 | 19712537 |
| recovery from strongyloides venezuelensis infection in lewis rats is associated with a strong th2 response. | in this study, we investigated the characteristics of the infection and subsequent immunity induced by strongyloides venezuelensis in lewis rats. animals were infected with 4000 l3 of s. venezuelensis and number of eggs per gram of faeces indicated an acute phase around day 8 and a recovery phase around day 32 after infection. a strong th2 polarization during recovery phase was ascertained by a significant increase in igg1 and ige compared with that in the acute period. a shift in the cytokine p ... | 2010 | 20042010 |
| role of il-13 in a model of strongyloides venezuelensis infection in rats. | il-13 is a cytokine known to play a role in several pulmonary diseases, including asthma and fibrosis. the role of il-13 in the context of pulmonary changes induced by helminth infection is unclear. rats experimentally infected with strongyloides venezuelensis and treated with anti-il-13 neutralizing antibody were used to evaluate the role of il-13 on functional and inflammatory changes of host lungs, and on parasite control. s. venezuelensis-induced airway hyperreactivity was il-13-independent, ... | 2010 | 20116445 |
| a new faecal antigen detection system for strongyloides venezuelensis diagnosis in immunosuppressed rats. | this study was performed with the objective of developing innovative procedures for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was conducted to detect coproantigen in the faecal samples of normal and of immunosuppressed rats using an anti-l3 polyclonal antibody produced in rabbits. analysis revealed the kinetics of egg shedding in the non-immunosuppressed and immunosuppressed rats infected with s. venezuelensis. further analysis verified the ability of the immun ... | 2010 | 20206167 |
| faecal examination and pcr to detect strongyloides venezuelensis in experimentally infected lewis rats. | more sensitive methodologies are necessary to improve strongyloidiasis diagnosis. this study compared the sensitivities of the mcmaster modified technique and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assays, both performed in faecal samples. lewis rats were subcutaneously infected with 4,000, 400 or 40 infective third-stage larvae, considered as high, moderate or low infection, respectively. seven days later, they were euthanized to count adult nematodes recovered from the small intestine. stool samples ... | 2010 | 20209330 |
| cyclooxygenase-derived mediators regulate the immunological control of strongyloides venezuelensis infection. | the aim of this study was to define the immunoregulatory role of prostaglandins in a mouse model of strongyloides venezuelensis infection. strongyloides venezuelensis induced an increase of eosinophils and mononuclear cells in the blood, peritoneal cavity fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. treatment with the dual cyclooxygenase (cox-1/-2) inhibitors indomethacin and ibuprofen, and the cox-2-selective inhibitor celecoxib partially blocked these cellular responses and was associated with enh ... | 2010 | 20236322 |
| hydrophobic fractions from strongyloides venezuelensis for use in the human immunodiagnosis of strongyloidiasis. | the objective of the present research was to evaluate detergent and aqueous phases of total saline (ts) and alkaline extracts of strongyloides venezuelensis for human strongyloidiasis immunodiagnosis. total extracts and detergent and aqueous antigenic fractions were separated using triton x-114 and were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and immunoblotting (ib) tests to detect immunoglobulin g (igg). serum samples were obtained from 120 individuals: 40 strongyloidiasis patient ... | 2010 | 20356696 |
| regulation of immune responses to strongyloides venezuelensis challenge after primary infection with different larvae doses. | nematode infections are generally followed by high rates of reinfection, leading to elevated prevalence in endemic areas. therefore, the effective control of nematode infections depends on understanding the induction and regulation of protective mechanisms. however, most experimental models for protective immune response against nematodes use high parasite exposure, not always reflecting what occurs naturally in human populations. in this study, we tested whether infecting mice with different st ... | 2010 | 20398181 |
| role of angiogenic factors in acute experimental strongyloides venezuelensis infection. | this study aims to investigate the role of angiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of experimental strongyloidiasis. two complementary approaches were used: firstly, cd1 mice were treated with endostatin, an angiogenesis inhibitor, and infected with strongyloides venezuelensis. also, the mechanisms involved in this process were studied. parasitological examination revealed a significant decrease in egg per gram of faeces, number of collected larvae from lung tissue and number of collected adult f ... | 2010 | 20500674 |