| development of female gnathostoma spinigerum to morphological maturity in experimental mice. | | 1975 | 126494 |
| gnathostoma spinigerum from the cervix of a woman in jakarta. | a male gnathostoma spinigerum was removed from the cervix of a 29-year-old jakarta resident who suffered from chronic cervicitis. the worm was 6.7 mm in length and had eight rows of spines on the cephalic bulb. this is the third case of gnathostomiasis reported from indonesia. | 1979 | 434307 |
| gnathostomiasis in three cats. | a fatal infection with gnathostoma spinigerum causing a perforated stomach is described in a 3-year-old cat. in a second debilitated case a small serosal perforation was found on a gastric lesion, while a third cat in good condition is described with a well developed stomach lesion but without perforation. histopathological changes in the stomach were found in the submucosa and consisted of marked proliferation of fibrous tissue containing foci of inflammatory cells, necrotic tracts and a cavity ... | 1977 | 612327 |
| gnathostoma spinigerum infection in a feral cat from new south wales. | | 1978 | 655975 |
| a case of penile gnathostomiasis in thailand. | a living young adult female gnathostoma spinigerum 1.9 cm in length was extracted from a perforating hole on the left laterodorsal aspect of the proximal part of the inflamed glans penis of a 3-year-old thai boy, the first such case to be recorded in the literature. | 1978 | 727333 |
| gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1836 (nematoda: gnathostomidae) from a civet cat, prionodon linsang hardwick, with reference to its dietary habits. | the recovery of six adult gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1936 from a civet cat, prionodon linsang hardwick, constitutes the second reported record of this parasite and the first authenticated case of adult worms found in a wild animal from malaysia. the food habits of the infected p. linsang as an important link in the transmission of g. spinigerum in the intermediate and definitive hosts together with the probable distribution of this parasite are discussed. | 1976 | 1025748 |
| contributions to natural sources and methods of transmission of gnathostoma spinigerum in thailand. | | 1976 | 1027116 |
| human urinary gnathostomiasis: a case report from thailand. | acase of urinary gnathostomiasis in a 32-year-old thai woman, caused by an adult male gnathostoma spinigerum, is described. the patient who had suffered from intermittent, subcutaneous gnathostomialis for about 10 years, developed pneumonia of the right lower lung followed by swelling on the right hypochondrium, and paresis of both legs accompanied by perianal numbness and retention of urine, and it seems reasonable to assume that the parasite migrated to the lung, hypochondrium, and the cauda e ... | 1975 | 1111354 |
| a case of expectoration of gnathostoma spinigerum in thailand. | a living adult male gnathostoma spinigerum was coughed up by a 33-year-old thai married woman. the expectorated worm may have emerged from the pharynx. pork is a possible source of infection in this case. the significant symptoms of her illness were migratory joint pain, chest pain, palpitation, and itchy throat, progressively. she has never had swellings. | 1975 | 1155693 |
| detection of circulating parasite antigens in murine gnathostomiasis by a two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | a two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of gnathostoma spinigerum antigens in the sera of parasitized mice. this assay used igg fractions prepared from serum of a g. spinigerum-infected rabbit as the capture antibody. the same igg fractions were labeled with alkaline phosphatase and used as an antibody probe. the antigen detection assay was performed along with an antibody detection assay during the course of g. spinigerum infection in mice. circulati ... | 1992 | 1536388 |
| effect of ivermectin on experimental gnathostomiasis in rabbits. | the efficacy of ivermectin against advanced third stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum was investigated in rabbits. six experimentally infected rabbits were treated at a single dose, 0.2 mg/kg of ivermectin subcutaneously, four weeks after infection. another two rabbits were treated, once and three times, with 2 mg/kg at varying numbers of days after infection. five rabbits served as untreated controls. all rabbits were sacrificed about the 28th week after infection. the reductions of worm loa ... | 1992 | 1598513 |
| characterization of monoclonal antibodies to young-adult worms of angiostrongylus cantonensis. | three igg1 and one igg2a monoclonal antibodies were obtained by fusion of ns-1 cells with spleen cells of balb/c mice immunized with young-adult worm antigen of a. cantonensis. these 4 monoclonal antibodies were specific to a. cantonensis without cross-reactivity to any antigens of toxocara canis, ascaris suum, clonorchis sinensis, dirofilaria immitis, paragonimus westermani, gnathostoma spinigerum, strongyloides stercoralis and anisakis spp. detected by elisa. the affinity constants of monoclon ... | 1990 | 1701759 |
| practicable ifat slide antigen preparations for detection of gnathostoma spinigerum antibodies in rabbits. | this study was designed to determine which stage of gnathostoma spinigerum and which method of the preparation of test antigens are the most suitable for the detection of antibodies in serum of rabbits infected with advanced third stage larvae (al3) of g. spinigerum by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat). antigens from parasite ova and first stage larvae (l1) were obtained from freshly preserved specimens and affixed to glass slides with egg albumin. al3 antigens consisted of paraffin ... | 1991 | 1818395 |
| scanning electron microscopy of the cuticular armature of the nematode gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1836 from cats in laos. | the body surface of an immature female gnathostoma spinigerum found for the first time in the definitive host (felis catus f. domestica) in laos was studied using a scanning electron microscope. all types of cuticular spines, which are one of the most important features for species identification of gnathostomid nematodes, together with their spatial arrangement, are described and figured. | 1990 | 2230036 |
| antigens, antibodies and immune complexes in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with cerebral gnathostomiasis. | methods for the detection of antigens, antibodies and immune complexes in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of patients with neurological manifestations suggestive of cerebral gnathostomiasis were developed, in the hope that they may be useful in confirming the diagnosis of gnathostoma spinigerum infection. gnathostoma antigens were determined by a sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using antibodies from rabbits immunized with the excretory/secretory (es) antigens obtained from the i ... | 1989 | 2633352 |
| anatomical localization of gnathostoma spinigerum larval antigens by an indirect fulorescent antibody test. | indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) was performed on sections of gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larva with gnathostomiasis, angiostrongyliasis, trichinosis, strongyloidiasis and cysticercosis sera. positive fluorescence was observed with the first three sera. fluorescence was associated with the anterior part of the esophagus, surface of the cuticle and cytoplasmic granules of the intestine. absorption of sera with gnathostome antigen did not elicit fluorescence. the results s ... | 1989 | 2692192 |
| detection of humoral immune response to gnathostoma spinigerum in mice. | the humoral immune response to early third stage larvae (el3) and advanced third stage larvae (al3) of gnathostoma spinigerum infection was studied in mice by ouchterlony gel diffusion technique. the antibodies was detected at week 3 in mice infected with el3 and remained up to week 10 after infection. highest positive sample of sera were demonstrated at week 4 to week 7. similar results were obtained from al3 infected sera except the antibodies was found and disappeared earlier (week 2 to week ... | 1986 | 3097833 |
| [human gnathostomiasis manifested by cutaneous larva migrans syndrome. apropos of a case]. | the authors report a case of cutaneous larva migrans attributed to a gnathostomiasis in a laotian man living in france since 3 years. the diagnosis was suggested on the basis of epidemiological and clinical context (he often ate raw fresh fish in thailand) and blood eosinophilia. it was confirmed by elisa method which showed a very high antibody titer to gnathostoma spinigerum. the patient was treated with cortisone and diethylcarbamazine and he has remained asymptomatic since. | 1988 | 3180321 |
| migratory facial swelling due to gnathostomiasis. | two cases of facial gnathostomiasis in female thai patients are described. gnathostomiasis is caused by a roundworm, gnathostoma spinigerum. in both patients the disease was characterised by intermittent and migratory swelling of the face. at present no effective therapy is available. surgical removal of the parasite would be a curative treatment; it is however, rarely successful due to the parasite moving relatively rapidly within the soft tissues. the disease can be prevented by avoiding under ... | 1992 | 1640131 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to gnathostoma antigen in patients with intermittent cutaneous migratory swelling. | a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is described for the detection of immunoglobulin g antibody to gnathostoma antigen in the sera of patients with intermittent cutaneous migratory swelling who were suspected of being infected by the tissue nematode gnathostoma spinigerum. the antigen used was a crude somatic aqueous extract of the third larval stage obtained from naturally infected eels. the 1:320 dilution of all sera from 46 patients gave enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay values abov ... | 1986 | 3711272 |
| towards a suitable antigen for diagnosis of gnathostoma spinigerum infection. | advanced third-stage larvae of g. spinigerum were obtained from two separate sources, namely from cysts in the livers of naturally infected eels (l3e) and from experimentally infected mice (l3m). morphology of the l3e was studied microscopically. the larvae were homogenized in distilled water, 1% triton x-100 or 1% sodium deoxycholate containing protease inhibitors. protein compositions of the three crude extracts were compared, on the same weight basis, by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide ... | 1992 | 1487374 |
| infectivity of gnathostoma spinigerum larvae in primates. | | 1971 | 4996975 |
| occurrence of gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1836, in dacca, bangladesh. | | 1972 | 5062458 |
| a preliminary study of chemotherapy of gnathostoma spinigerum infections in cats with ancylol disophenol (2,6-diiodo-4-nitrophenol). | | 1971 | 5157927 |
| spontaneous cure of the natural and induced gnathostoma spinigerum infection in cats. | | 1969 | 5394019 |
| eosinophilic myeloencephalitis caused by gnathostoma spinigerum. neuropathology of nine cases. | | 1970 | 5444893 |
| penetration of the skin by gnathostoma spinigerum larvae. | | 1970 | 5500114 |
| gnathostoma spinigerum: an unusual cause of ocular nematodiasis in the western hemisphere. | | 1971 | 5571205 |
| further observations on the experimental transmission of gnathostoma spinigerum. | | 1968 | 5679824 |
| two fatal cases of eosinophilic myeloencephalitis a newly recognized disease caused by gnathostoma spinigerum. | | 1968 | 5729570 |
| clinical trial with 'ancylol' in canine ancylostomiasis and in mixed infection of spirocerca lupi and gnathostoma spinigerum. | | 1968 | 5753405 |
| fatal eosinophilic encephalomyelitis caused by the nematode gnathostoma spinigerum. | | 1967 | 6053531 |
| seasonal variation in the prevalence and intensity of canine gnathostoma spinigerum infection in northeastern thailand. | gnathostoma spinigerum was found in gastric nodules in 4.1% of 2940 dogs surveyed in northeastern thailand. the prevalence and worm burden of g. spinigerum exhibited a seasonal fluctuation. the parasites were more abundant in the rainy season and the early winter (august-december) than in the summer (april-march). most parasites were sexually mature between august and december while immature worms were observed during march and april. the distribution of gnathostomes within the sampled dogs was ... | 1992 | 1469261 |
| creeping eruption caused by gnathostoma spinigerum. | | 1983 | 6635767 |
| gnathostoma spinigerum in a dog's leg. | | 1983 | 6651695 |
| experimental treatment of gnathostoma spinigerum infection in mice with thiabendazole. | | 1983 | 6673135 |
| parasitic diseases of the nervous system in thailand. | in thailand there are 3 parasites that commonly cause neurological diseases in man. 1) in gnathostomiasis man becomes an accidental host by eating infected under-cooked fresh water fish. the tissue nematode involved, gnathostoma spinigerum, because of its high motility, may cause widespread damage in the spinal cord and brain stem. the common presenting neurological symptoms are severe nerve root pain, paralysis of limbs and urinary retention. less frequently seen are cranial nerve palsies and s ... | 1978 | 756025 |
| 3, 5-dibromo-2'-chloro-4'-isothiocyanatosalicylanilide, a potent anthelmintic. | the compound, 3, 5-dibromo-2'-chloro-4'-isothiocyanatosalicylanilide, has been tested against various nematode and cestode parasites in experimental and domestic animals. it shoved 100% activity against ancylostoma ceylanicum, a tubaeformis, syphacia obvelata, ascaridia galli, toxocara spp., toxascaris sp., gnathostoma spinigerum, hymenolepis nana, raillietina spp. and taenia spp. in doses 25-70 mg/kg given in single or multiple administrations. | 1982 | 7084406 |
| fine structures of gnathostoma spinigerum: a comparative sem study between an adult worm and a third stage larva. | | 1982 | 7161590 |
| gnathostomiasis, a possible etiologic agent of eosinophilic granuloma of the gastrointestinal tract. | a 42-year-old thai man from central thailand came to ramathibodi hospital with the complaint of abdominal pain. physical examination revealed localized tenderness in the right lower quadrant. the clinical impression was acute appendicitis and an operation was performed, revealing a large mass in the cecum. a right hemicolectomy was done for what was thought to be a carcinoma of the colon. the resected colon showed subserosal thickening on the antimesenteric side of the ascending colon with a con ... | 1979 | 434314 |
| another case of human gnathostomiasis in indonesia. | a male gnathostoma spinigerum was removed from the abdominal wall of a 29-year-old woman, who was in the habit of eating "naniura", a dish containing raw carp (cyprinus carpio). after the removal of the worm she still had pain in her chest and noticed intermittent swelling of her right lower arm. probably the patient still had one or more gnathostoma worms migrating in her body. | 1978 | 155313 |
| study on pathogenicity and central nervous system migration of the larval stage of gnathostoma spinigerum in experimental animals. | studies were conducted on the pathogenicity and the route of migration to the central nervous system by the immature larval stage of g.spinigerum in experimental animals. five mice and one rat showed signs of nervous tissue damage and cns involvement. the significant findings were massive haemorrhagic areas and blood clot around large lower nerve trunk and spinal cord invasion by the worm. the possible roles of the immature larval stages of g.spinigerum in human was discussed. | 1981 | 7256356 |
| [a case of pie (pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia) syndrome caused by gnathostoma spinigerum--a case confirmed by skin biopsy (author's transl)]. | | 1981 | 7289264 |
| helminth parasites and arthropods of feral cats. | the prevalence (%) of helminth parasites in 327 mainly adult feral cats from 3 habitat groupings in victoria and new south wales was determined. the cestodes taenia taeniaeformis (33%) and spirometra erinacei (33%) were common; dipylidium caninum was rate (2%). the nematodes toxocara cati (28%), cyathospirura dasyuridis and cylicospirura felineus combined (27%) and aelurostrongylus abstrusus (14%) were common but their prevalence differed markedly between habitats. ollulanus tricuspis (5%), gnat ... | 1981 | 7340783 |
| study on the diagnosis of gnathostoma infection in cats by radioimmunoassay. | a diagnostic method for gnathostomiasis by radioimmunoassay was carried out. antibody activity produced in cat serum against gnathostoma antigen was measured by using solid phase method and 125i-labelled anti cat igg antibody. the result showed that the antibody activity in cats infected with gnathostoma spinigerum was significantly higher than those of the control group and the toxocara infected cats even at the dilution of 1:10,000, except in the opisthorchis infected group at the dilution hig ... | 1981 | 7342330 |
| [intestinal helminths in bangkok stray dogs and their role in public health (author's tranls)]. | feces examination of 107 stray dogs in bangkok, thailand, on intestinal helminths showed the following rates: hookworms 100%, trichuris vulpis 54.2%, toxocara canis 6.5%, gnathostoma spinigerum 2.8%, spirocerca lupi 17.8%, diphyllobothrium mansoni 1.9%, and opisthorchis viverrini 1.9%. out of these species hockworms (especially a. braziliense), t. canis, g. spinigerum, and d. mansoni are important sources of human cutaneous or visceral larva migrans, the latter two being special parasites of the ... | 1980 | 7435002 |
| chemotherapy of feline gnathostoma spinigerum migrating stage with multiple subcutaneous doses of ancylol. | twelve doses of ancylol disophenol at 0.05 ml per pound body weight administered subcutaneously was shown to be an effective chemotherapeutic agent against migrating stage of g. spinigerum in cats. a further investigation is required to determine whether this regimen is the minimum effective therapeutic dosage. none of eight cats treated with 12 doses of 0.02 to 0.05 ml per pound body weight showed signs or symptoms of toxicity due to the treatment and there were not gross pathological changes o ... | 1980 | 7444577 |
| a brief report on gnathostoma spinigerum specimens obtained from human cases. | a total of 23 gnathostome specimens different stages from the hospital for tropical diseases, other general hospitals and medical clinics in bangkok metropolitan area and central thailand were identified as g. spinigerum. the various stages were as follows: five advanced third-stage larvae (22.0%) of various sizes; 2.20-3.50 mm x 0.40-0.63 mm were removed from the skin, mucous membrane and the eyeball, of which the smallest measured 2.20 x 0.40 mm. fourteen immature worms of both sexes were from ... | 1987 | 3672184 |
| intracameral gnathostomiasis: a cause of anterior uveitis and secondary glaucoma. | recognition of parasitic diseases by western physicians is becoming increasingly important because of increased international travel and the recent influx of refugees from south east asia. we describe two patients who presented with acute anterior uveitis and secondary glaucoma caused by intracameral third stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum. the parasites were successfully removed, with preservation of good visual acuity. the initial infection may occur through consumption of contaminated wa ... | 1987 | 3651377 |
| immunohistochemical localization of gnathostoma spinigerum larval antigens by monoclonal antibodies: i. light microscopy. | immunohistochemical localization of antigens in advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum (gsal3) was studied by indirect enzyme immunostaining using 7 g. spinigerum specific monoclonal antibodies, fs-3d11, ss-5h5, sk-6c4, sk-4e1, sk-7g6, sd-8d4 and sa-9b5. all these mab belong to the igg1 subclass and only fs-3d11 and ss-5h5 recognize carbohydrate determinants. each mab exhibited a different reaction pattern and staining intensity in sectioned gsal3. fs-3d11 bound primarily to the i ... | 1993 | 7512754 |
| intraocular gnathostoma spinigerum. clinicopathologic study of two cases with review of literature. | live intraocular nematode is a rare occurrence that is mostly reported in southeast asian countries. common nematodes that are seen live in the eye are microfilaria, gnathostoma, and angiostrongylus. approximately 12 cases of intraocular gnathostomiasis have been reported in the literature. | 1994 | 7899720 |
| ige responses in human gnathostomiasis. | specific ige antibody levels in the serum of patients with proven gnathostomiasis and in those with intermittent cutaneous migratory swellings were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using aqueous extracts of gnathostoma spinigerum infective larvae as antigen. there was not only an elevation of specific ige antibody levels but also a marked increase of total ige in the serum of these patients. the mean levels of specific ige antibody in both groups of patients were signi ... | 1987 | 3449999 |
| eosinophilic meningitis and radiculomyelitis in thailand, caused by cns invasion of gnathostoma spinigerum and angiostrongylus cantonensis. | during the 6 year period from january 1980 to december 1985 44 patients with infection of the central nervous system by gnathostoma spinigerum or angiostrongylus cantonensis were admitted to the division of neurology, ramathibodi hospital, bangkok, thailand. in 16 patients the diagnosis could be confirmed serologically by means of elisa techniques. in gnathostomiasis encephalitis, myelitis, radiculitis and subarachnoid haemorrhage formed the majority of clinical syndromes. intracerebral haematom ... | 1988 | 3351533 |
| scanning electron microscopy of the early third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum. | scanning electron microscopic observations were made on the early third stage (el3) larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum (sakolnakhon, northeast thailand) from 3-week-old infected cyclops (mesocyclops leuckarti). the morphological surfaces of the anterior end, head spine, body cuticle, amphid, papillae, posterior end of larvae were described and compared with the advance third-stage (al3) larvae. | 1988 | 3238477 |
| intraocular gnathostomiasis. | the clinical and histologic features of an intraocular parasite from a 29-year-old woman are reported. the live organism was located in the posterior vitreous near the optic disc and was successfully removed by vitreous aspiration. the parasite was identified as an advanced stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum. this is the first case report of the scanning electron microscopic findings of intraocular gnathostomiasis. the features of nine previously reported cases of intraocular gnathostomiasis ... | 1993 | 8235108 |
| antibody responses in human gnathostomiasis. | sera from 4 patients with parasitologically confirmed gnathostomiasis and from 18 healthy individuals were studied by sds-page and western blot analysis using radioiodinated protein a to detect antibody responses against crude aqueous somatic extract of advanced third stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum (l3g). it was found that the l3g extract was highly complex, comprising of more than 40 polypeptides among which more than 20 components were antigenic in human. the relative m.w. of the prote ... | 1988 | 3227402 |
| [experimental infection of an adult domestic cat with third stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum isolated from a fresh water fish]. | in order to confirm that the third larvae stage found in fresh water fish and that the adult parasite found in definitive hosts, corresponded to different stages of the same parasite life cycle (g. spinigerum), we proceeded to the experimental infestation with the following finding of the adult parasite. we were able to confirm in a definitive way the identify of the larva found in fresh water fish. | 1988 | 3068439 |
| human gnathostomiasis: infection with an immature male gnathostoma spinigerum. | gnathostomiasis, usually caused by larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum, is a significant cause of morbidity in the far east. we report a case of gnathostomiasis involving a male thai residing in kuwait who presented with acute pain in the right iliac fossa. a resection of the terminal ileum and cecum was performed. microscopic examination showed a parasite in an eosinophilic abscess. the nematode was identified as an immature male g. spinigerum based on size, morphology, and distribution of cuticul ... | 1989 | 2764232 |
| two rare parasites of the human brain--gnathostoma spinigerum and sparganum (spirometra). | | 1996 | 9251460 |
| morphological variation and abnormality of cephalic hooklets of gnathostoma spinigerum hepatic stage larvae from laboratory infected mice. | one thousand advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum from laboratory infected mice, two to five weeks after being fed with infected cyclops, were examined specifically for the morphology of their cephalic hooklets. among these, only the 15-day old (early hepatic-stage) larvae and the 30-day old (late hepatic-stage) larvae were measured for the size of their body and hooklets. the average body size of the 15-day old and 30-day old larvae were 3.4 +/- 0.4 x 0.4 +/- 0.04 mm and 4.9 +/ ... | 1998 | 9740283 |
| three cases of human gnathostomiasis caused by gnathostoma hispidum, with particular reference to the identification of parasitic larvae. | human gnathostomiasis is well known to be caused by gnathostoma spinigerum, g. hispidum, g. doloresi and g. nipponicum in japan. in the present reported cases, skin biopsies were performed on three japanese patients. as a result, cross sections of the larvae were clearly observed in the biopsied specimens. all cross sectioned larvae had an intestinal canal, which consisted from 25-35 cells. a large nucleus was observed at the center of each intestinal cell. the morphological features completely ... | 1998 | 10437967 |
| recognition of deglycosylated larval proteins of gnathostoma spinigerum by a monoclonal antibody and human gnathostomiasis antiserum. | the study on the recognition of 35s-labelled somatic antigens of gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larva (al3) has revealed that the mab gn6/24 immunoprecipitated 26- and 24-kda proteins from the undigested and n-glycosidase f-digested larval extracts, respectively. the recognition of the deglycosylated form of the glycoprotein indicated that the mab reacted with the peptide epitope on the 26-kda protein. human gnathostomiasis antiserum immunoprecipitated most of the n-glycosidase f-di ... | 1999 | 10526422 |
| demonstration of species-specific antigens of gnathostoma spinigerum, a preliminary attempt. | an attempt was made to demonstrate the presence of species-specific antigens for gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larvae (gsal3) in a rabbit receiving weekly immunization with gsal3 for seven weeks. the homologous and heterologous antibodies against gsal3 and g. doloresi adult worm (gd) antigens were initially detected by immunoelectrophoresis (iep) and elisa after the second immunization, and their levels were gradually increased with the number of immunizations. though cross-reactiv ... | 1989 | 2609219 |
| [natural infection of fresh water fishes with third stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum and its dynamics of transmission to man. first report in ecuador and america]. | we are presenting here an investigative study done in our country in order to demonstrate the g. spinigerum the way it is transmitted is nature; its ecosystem and the identification of the different varieties of fish that are intermediate hosts, infected with larvae. the internal and external morphology of the parasite's third larvae stage is also described. | 1988 | 2466181 |
| eosinophilic meningitis in thailand. clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 162 patients with myeloencephalitis probably caused by gnathostoma spinigerum. | the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 162 patients with eosinophilic myeloencephalitis, believed to be caused by invasion of the central nervous system by gnathostoma spinigerum, are described. the case mortality rate was at least 12%, and probably higher. single live young adult g. spinigerum were recovered from the brains of 2 patients at autopsy and from the eye lids of 2 other living patients. the disease caused by this parasite can be distinguished from that caused by angiostr ... | 1990 | 2376755 |
| its-2 rdna sequencing of gnathostoma species (nematoda) and elucidation of the species causing human gnathostomiasis in the americas. | from several gnathostome species the complete internal transcribed spacer its-2 ribosomal dna (rdna) repeat sequence and a fragment of the 5.8s rdna were obtained by direct polymerase chain reaction cycle-sequencing and silver-staining methods. the size of the complete its-1 sequence in agarose gel electrophoresis was also obtained. the its-2 enabled the differentiation of gnathostoma spinigerum from thailand and gnathostoma binucleatum from mexico and ecuador and confirmed the validity of the l ... | 2000 | 10864252 |
| specific antigen of gnathostoma spinigerum for immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis. | sera from four patients with parasitologically confirmed gnathostomiasis, 15 patients with presumptive gnathostomiasis, 64 patients with various parasitic infections and 19 healthy adults were studied by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and western blot analysis for their reactivities against somatic extract of gnathostoma spinigerum third-stage larvae (l3). it was found that the l3 extract was highly complex consisting of more than 20 antigenic components, a ... | 1991 | 1894429 |
| lack of efficacy of quinine and artemether against advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum in vitro. | the efficacy of quinine and artemether--the effective blood schizontocide in malarial treatment--has been in vitro tested with the advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum. all larvae were collected from freshwater eel (fluta alba) and exposed to the culture medium, each containing either quinine dihydrochloride or artemether at a final concentration of 20 microg/ml and 0.5 microg/ml, respectively for 21 consecutive days. larval motility was assessed daily and the topographical chan ... | 2000 | 11127349 |
| specificity of antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid of human cerebral gnathostomiasis cases. | specificity of antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of human cerebral gnathostomiasis cases were examined by indirect fluorescent antibody technique against paraffin sections of gnathostoma spinigerum larva. specific greenish fluorescence was observed at cuticle, esophagus, muscle cells, intestinal cell cytoplasm and microvilli. csf of confirmed cerebral cysticercosis cases gave fluorescence mostly at the cuticle. it is suggested that parasite-specific antigen may be present on intestinal cel ... | 1991 | 1822892 |
| specific ige antibody responses to somatic and excretory-secretory antigens of third stage g. spinigerum larvae in human gnathostomiasis. | specific ige antibody levels in the serum of patients with proven gnathostomiasis and in those with intermittent cutaneous migratory swelling (cms) were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using somatic extract and excretory-secretory (es) products of gnathostoma spinigerum infective larvae as antigens. the third stage larval used were obtained from naturally infected eels. there was an increase in specific ige antibody to both antigens in these patients. the mean levels ... | 2001 | 11529331 |
| gnathostomiasis in thailand: a survey on intermediate hosts of gnathostoma spp. with special reference to a new type of larvae found in fluta alba. | to clarify current status of gnathostomiasis in thailand, a survey on intermediate hosts has been carried out at various localities since 1987. it was found that fluta alba (fresh water eel) as well as channa striata (snake-headed fish) might be important in playing a role of transmitting the infection either among humans or reservoir animals. during the three years from 1987 to 1989, larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum were found in 80-100% of f. alba obtained from markets in nakhon nayok, with a ... | 1991 | 1822890 |
| monoclonal antibody to a diagnostic mr 24,000 antigen of gnathostoma spinigerum. | crude water extract (ca) was prepared from the advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum collected from livers of naturally infected eels. the extract was partially purified by chromatofocussing column chromatography and the fraction which contained specific antigen of g. spinigerum which was an mr 24,000 glycoprotein was used to immunize five balb/c mice for preparing immune splenocytes. spleen cells were collected from one mouse which showed high serum titre by indirect enzyme-link ... | 1991 | 1757204 |
| purification of gnathostoma spinigerum specific antigen and immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis. | specific antigen of g. spinigerum which has been shown to be a protein with a relative mol. wt of 24,000 (24k) was prepared from the advanced third-stage larvae (l3) obtained from the livers of naturally infected eels. the l3 were ground and extracted with water. purification procedures involved gel filtration, chromatofocussing and anion exchange column chromatographies, while characterization of the specific antigen was performed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (s ... | 1991 | 1757195 |
| experimental infection of gnathostoma spinigerum larvae in prawns and tadpoles. | naturally captured lanchester's freshwater prawns (macrobrachium lanchesteri) and farm-bred rana regulosa tadpoles were assessed for their capability of being the first or second intermediate hosts of gnathostoma spinigerum. seventy specimens from each animal group were randomized into a control group and investigated for larvae of g. spinigerum by pressing them between two pieces of glass and examination under stereomicroscope. no gnathostoma larvae were found in the entire control group. anoth ... | 2001 | 12041574 |
| a survey of the infective larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum in swamp eels bought in a local market in bangkok, thailand. | the livers were separated from the viscera of 2738 swamp eels (monopterus alba) purchased from klong toey market, the largest market in bangkok, between june 1999 and may 2000. when these livers were digested in artificial gastric juice, 524 (19.1%) were found to be infected with the human-infective, third-stage larvae (l3) of gnathostoma spp. all the identified larvae were confirmed morphologically to be g. spinigerum. prevalence of the infection varied with season, from a high of 38.3% in sept ... | 2002 | 12080980 |
| morphology of gnathostoma spp. isolated from natural hosts in sinaloa, mexico. | gnathostomosis is an emerging public health problem in sinaloa, mexico, where an increasing number of human cases have been diagnosed since 1989. the present study was carried out to determine the presence of the parasite in other natural hosts from the area. birds, fish, opossums and raccoons were captured from local dams and lagoons. the flesh from bird and fish specimens was ground and examined under a 100 w light bulb. larvae were processed for light and electron microscopy. a total of 368 a ... | 2002 | 12107456 |
| prevalence of parasitic infections among thai patients at the king chulalongkorn memorial hospital, bangkok, thailand. | parasitic diseases are still considered to be a major public health problem. most patients with parasitic infections are asymptomatic and therefore remain undetected. asymptomatic parasitic infections are usually discovered by routine parasite examination. to determine the result of parasite examination at the parasitology unit, out patient department, king chulalongkorn memorial hospital, bangkok, thailand, the authors collected the data of individuals examined for parasite infections from june ... | 2002 | 12188445 |
| eosinophilic meningitis due to gnathostoma spinigerum. | we present a case of eosinophilic meningitis due to the tissue nematode gnathostoma spinigerum in a patient with remote travel to korea. g. spinigerum is found primarily in southeast asia, but cases are being increasingly diagnosed in non-endemic areas because of more extensive international travel. the organism has been known to persist in human tissues for over a decade, so earlier travel to endemic areas is important. | 2002 | 12217718 |
| antigenic components of gnathostoma spinigerum recognized by infected human sera by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. | antigenic components of gnathostoma spinigerum larval extract were revealed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) and immunoblot analysis using sera from patients with 6 proven cases of gnathostomiasis, 5 presumptive cases of gnathostomiasis, 3 proven cases of angiostrongyliasis, 3 proven cases of cysticercosis, and pooled sera from healthy adults. by the 2-de, the larval extract was highly complex and consisted of more than 75 polypeptides. immunoblotting analysis of this larval extract ... | 2000 | 12546057 |
| effects of albendazole on gnathostoma spinigerum in mice. | mice were infected with 5 advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum and, beginning on the 28th day postinfection, were treated orally with albendazole. in the first experiment, infected mice each received albendazole once a day (30, 60, or 90 mg/kg/day) for 21 consecutive days. in the second experiment, they received albendazole twice a day (30 and 30, 60 and 60, or 90 and 90 mg/kg/day) for the same length of time. all mice were killed 28 days after cessation of treatment and the car ... | 1992 | 1738054 |
| gnathostomiasis externa: a case report. | a case report of a cutaneous larva migrans caused by the nematode, gnathostoma spinigerum, in which the worm was visualized at surgery and successfully removed, is presented. to the best of our knowledge, this is the second case of documented subcutaneous gnathostomiasis in the western hemisphere and the first in the upper extremity. | 1986 | 3760508 |
| eosinophilic meningoradiculomyelitis caused by gnathostoma spinigerum. a case report. | a 51-year-old man had excruciating pains in the left arm and chest approximately four weeks after ingestion of live loaches. eosinophilia, eosinophilic pleocytosis in the csf, and a high serum ige level were noted. skin tests and antigen-antibody reactions were positive for gnathostoma infection. his clinical signs and symptoms ameliorated with symptomatic treatment within six months. only 34 cases of gnathostomiasis involving the cns have been reported in the english literature, and ours is the ... | 1983 | 6615291 |
| albendazole stimulates outward migration of gnathostoma spinigerum to the dermis in man. | human gnathostomiasis is characterized by space-occupying inflammatory lesions and/or hemorrhage as a result of the migration of, very often, a single larva of gnathostoma spinigerum. intermittent cutaneous migratory swellings occurring over years is the most common manifestation and the rare cerebral invasion may be fatal. there are currently no effective anthelminthics for this infection. during a double-blind randomized placebo control trial evaluating the efficacy of albendazole in cutaneous ... | 1992 | 1298079 |
| a case of occipital gnathostomiasis in thailand. | a large subcutaneous nodule present for 2 mo was removed from the occiput of a 26-yr-old thai man and found to contain a male gnathostoma spinigerum. aside from the occipital location, a noteworthy feature of the case was the long stationary persistence of the stable, non-tender nodule. | 1978 | 626275 |
| [eosinophil meningoradiculitis caused by angiostrongylus cantonensis]. | the authors report the case of a 46-year-old woman who presented with an eosinophilic meningoradiculits after a trip to tahiti. because of the type of presentation of the symptomatology, the csf findings, and the spontaneously favourable outcome, it was related to an infection by angiostrongylus cantonensis. the authors review the neurological manifestations of this parasite and emphasize the different clinical aspects of infection by gnathostoma spinigerum, which causes myeloencephalitis in the ... | 1995 | 7481397 |
| purification of gnathostoma spinigerum larval antigens by monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography. | an immunoaffinity column was prepared by coupling a partially purified gnathostoma spinigerum-specific igg1, mab sk-6c4 (5 mg/ml) to cnbr-activated sepharose 4b. ten milliliters of approximately 0.3 mg/ml of crude soluble g. spinigerum larval antigens (gsal3) were loaded onto the affinity column at a flow rate of about 5 ml/hour. elution of the bound antigens was accomplished using 50 mm diethylamine-hci containing 0.15 m nacl, ph 11.5. the average amount of eluted antigens obtained by one passa ... | 1993 | 7939940 |
| epidemiological observations on gnathostoma spinigerum in thailand. | | 1964 | 14157720 |
| [reports on gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1836]. | | 1964 | 14165130 |
| [reports of gnathostoma spinigerum owen, 1836 in the middle part of kikuchi-river, kumamoto-ken]. | | 1965 | 14322535 |
| [gnathostomiasis after a stay in thailand]. | during a 4-week holiday in thailand a 13-year-old boy from germany briefly fell ill with diarrhoea without blood-tinged stools and fever. 5 months later oedematous, reddish swellings occurred, at first on the right upper arm, later over the right side of the chest. especially at night these swellings were associated with severe local and generalized itching. bilaterally the axillary lymph-nodes were hard and slightly enlarged. there was a marked eosinophilia of 56%, the white count was 22,700/mi ... | 1994 | 7982372 |
| helminth parasites of cats from the vientiane province, laos, as indicators of the occurrence of causative agents of human parasitoses. | a total of 55 domestic cats (felis catus f. domestica) and one wild (bengal) cat (prionaluirus bengalensis) from the vientiane province, central laos, were examined for helminth parasites with emphasis given to potential human parasites. the following species were found (parasites infective to man marked with an asterisk): opisthorchis viverrini, haplorchis pumilio, h. taichui, h. yokogawai, stellantchasmus falcatus (digenea); spirometra sp., dipylidium caninum, taenia taeniaeformis (cestoda); c ... | 2003 | 14710631 |
| mr imaging findings in cerebrospinal gnathostomiasis. | human gnathostomiasis is an infection caused mainly by gnathostoma spinigerum, a nematode. infected humans can present with various clinical manifestations. serology is the criterion standard for diagnosing gnathostomiasis, whereas mr imaging represents a complementary tool for assessing severity and extent of disease. we report two definite cases of gnathostomiasis that were confirmed by the immunoblotting technique. mr imaging of the cervical cords showed cord enlargement and diffuse high sign ... | 2004 | 15037471 |
| [gnathostoma spinigerum larva found in sputum]. | | 2003 | 15108509 |
| [a case of hemorrhage of digestive tract due to gnathostoma spinigerum infection]. | | 2003 | 15108545 |
| a simplified method for the fractionation of gnathostoma-specific antigens for serodiagnosis of human gnathostomosis. | specific immunoreactive components present in crude somatic extract and in excretory-secretory (es) products of gnathostoma spinigerum advanced third-stage larvae (l3) were identified by western blotting and their diagnostic potential evaluated by indirect elisa. although both crude antigen preparations were highly complex, the es antigen gave a more satisfactory diagnostic result. most g. spinigerum specific components present in the somatic and es preparations had molecular weights below 29 kd ... | 1993 | 8132975 |
| clinical gnathostomiasis: case report and review of the english-language literature. | human gnathostomiasis is most frequently caused by the nematode gnathostoma spinigerum. this disease is endemic to southeast asia, particularly thailand and japan. the clinical presentation is most commonly characterized by localized, intermittent, migratory swellings of the skin and subcutaneous tissues, often in association with localized pain, pruritus, and erythema. since this worm can migrate to deeper tissues, any organ system may become involved. characteristically, patients with gnathost ... | 1993 | 8448317 |
| growth and development of gnathostoma spinigerum early third-stage larvae in vitro. | early third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum were cultured in rpmi-1640 supplemented with 25mm nahco3,100 units/ml penicillin g, 100 microg/ml of streptomycin, 5 microg/ml of amphotericin b and 10% foetal calf serum at 37 degrees c under 5% co2 in air for 60 days. after 3 days of cultivation, the larvae moulted. body sizes increased from 0.49 +/- 0.09 x 0.07 +/- 0.01 mm in length and width to 4.08 +/- 0.48 x 0.32 +/- 0.04 mm after 60 days of cultivation. the maximum body length and width o ... | 1997 | 9166444 |
| [gnathostomosis, an exotic disease increasingly imported into western countries]. | an incidental helmithiasis in man: gnathostomiasis is an helminthic disease of animals due to a nematode belonging to the gender gnathostoma. this gender includes many species, the most frequent being gnathostoma spinigerum. man is an incidental host. human gnathostomiasis is endemic in some countries of south-east asia, and latin america. it is due to the consumption of raw or insufficiently cooked meat or fish. since the beginning of the eighties, there is an increasing number of cases of gnat ... | 2004 | 15614178 |
| a note on the correlation between rainfall and the prevalence of gnathostoma spp. infective stage larvae in swamp eels in thailand. | gnathostoma spinigerum is the major causative agent of human gnathostomiasis, a parasitic zoonosis with a great variety of clinical manifestations. generally, humans are infected by consumption of third-stage larvae (l3) of g. spinigerum in infected hosts in the form of partially cooked or uncooked food. surveys of the contamination of gnathostoma spp. l3 in swamp eels are useful for prevention and control of diseases and have been continuously performed in thailand. the author performed a retro ... | 2004 | 15638141 |
| immunohistochemical localization of gnathostoma spinigerum larval antigens by monoclonal antibodies: ii. electron microscopy. | immunocytochemical localization of antigens in advanced third-stage larvae of gnathostoma spinigerum (gsal3) was studied by immunogold labeling method using seven g. spinigerum specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs), fs-3d11, ss-5h5, sk-6c4, sk-4e1, sk-7g6, sk-8d4 and sa-9b5. all these mabs belong to the igg1 subclass and only fs-3d11 and ss-5h5 recognize carbohydrate epitopes. the paraformaldehyde-fixed gsal3 were embedded in lowicryl k4m medium, and the gold colloidal particles used were 15 nm ... | 1996 | 9185272 |