| aminopeptidase n from escherichia coli. unusual interactions with the cell surface. | the subcellular localization of aminopeptidase n (previously called aminoendopeptidase) has been investigated. this enzyme was found to be partially released (30-40%) by osmotic shock or by converting escherichia coli k10 cells to spheroplasts. however, in all other e. coli strains (k12, b/r, mre 600, ml 308) tested, this enzyme is not released at all by these procedures and thus behaves like a cytoplasmic enzyme. the crypticity of aminopeptidase n is surprisingly low, 75-85% of the enzyme activ ... | 1977 | 323010 |
| further properties of black raspberry latent virus, and evidence for its relationship to tobacco streak virus. | | 1975 | 1180411 |
| staining of basic nucleoproteins by an extract of the black raspberry. | | 1974 | 4473480 |
| inhibition of benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide-induced transactivation of activated protein 1 and nuclear factor kappab by black raspberry extracts. | freeze-dried black raspberries have been shown to inhibit the development of chemically induced esophageal and colon cancer in rodents. in addition, organic extracts of black raspberries inhibit benzo(a)pyrene (bap)-induced cell transformation in vitro. the molecular mechanisms through which black raspberries inhibit carcinogenesis remain unclear. we investigated the effects of black raspberry extracts on transactivation of activated protein 1 (ap-1) and nuclear factor kappab (nfkappab) induced ... | 2002 | 12460899 |
| anthocyanin glycosides from berry fruit are absorbed and excreted unmetabolized by both humans and rats. | anthocyanins, the red/blue pigments found in plants, are polyphenolic compounds consumed by humans and are part of a normal diet. recent studies have shown that anthocyanins have substantial bioactivity including antioxidant activity and therefore may have beneficial effects on human health. anthocyanins are a group of over 500 compounds of diverse structures containing different core phenolic aglycons and conjugated with sugars in a variety of glycosylation patterns. in this study, we have inve ... | 2003 | 14705874 |
| strawberry necrotic shock virus is a distinct virus and not a strain of tobacco streak virus. | fragaria (strawberry) and rubus species (blackberry, wild blackberry, red raspberry and black raspberry) were thought to be infected with distinct isolates of tobacco streak virus (tsv). employing serology and nucleic acid hybridization it has been shown that these isolates form a cluster distinct from other strains of tsv. in this study we have cloned and sequenced the complete rna 3 of an isolate of tsv from strawberry (fragaria) as well as the coat protein (cp) gene of 14 additional isolates ... | 2004 | 15669110 |
| inhibition of the growth of premalignant and malignant human oral cell lines by extracts and components of black raspberries. | black raspberries are a rich natural source of chemopreventive phytochemicals. recent studies have shown that freeze-dried black raspberries inhibit the development of oral, esophageal, and colon cancer in rodents, and extracts of black raspberries inhibit benzo(a)pyrene-induced cell transformation of hamster embryo fibroblasts. however, the molecular mechanisms and the active components responsible for black raspberry chemoprevention are unclear. in this study, we found that 2 major chemopreven ... | 2005 | 15860443 |
| black raspberry extract and fractions contain angiogenesis inhibitors. | targeted therapies, such as agents that inhibit angiogenesis, offer hope as complementary agents in cancer therapy. angiogenesis-inhibiting agents have the potential for inhibiting tumor growth and limiting the dissemination of metastasis, thus keeping cancers in a static growth state for prolonged periods. black raspberry (rubus occidentalis) extract was discovered to be antiangiogenic (0.1% w/v) in a novel human tissue-based in vitro fibrin clot angiogenesis assay. assay-guided fractionation o ... | 2005 | 15884816 |
| black raspberry extracts inhibit benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide-induced activator protein 1 activation and vegf transcription by targeting the phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase/akt pathway. | previous studies have shown that freeze-dried black raspberry extract fractions inhibit benzo(a)pyrene [b(a)p]-induced transformation of syrian hamster embryo cells and benzo(a)pyrene diol-epoxide [b(a)pde]-induced activator protein-1 (ap-1) activity in mouse epidermal cl 41 cells. the phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase (pi-3k)/akt pathway is critical for b(a)pde-induced ap-1 activation in mouse epidermal cl 41 cells. in the present study, we determined the potential involvement of pi-3k and its down ... | 2006 | 16397275 |
| inhibitory effects of fruit juices on cyp3a activity. | there have been very limited reports on the effects of commercial fruit juices on human cyp3a activity. therefore, the inhibitory effects of readily available commercial fruit juices on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity, a marker of cyp3a, were evaluated in pooled human liver microsomes. the fruit juices investigated were black raspberry, black mulberry, plum, and wild grape. white grapefruit, pomegranate, and orange juice were used as positive and negative controls. the black mulberry juice sho ... | 2006 | 16415112 |
| fate of anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity in contents of the gastrointestinal tract of weanling pigs following black raspberry consumption. | many fruits are rich in anthocyanins (acns). acns have high antioxidant capacity, but because of their apparent low bioavailability, their possible roles in health promotion in vivo are still in question. the objectives of these studies were to determine the fate of acns within the gastrointestinal (gi) tract and the effect on the bioavailability and subsequent metabolism of acns. five weanling pigs were fed freeze-dried black raspberry (rubus occidentalis l.) powder by oral administration, whic ... | 2006 | 16417325 |
| urinary excretion of black raspberry (rubus occidentalis) anthocyanins and their metabolites. | anthocyanins are the most abundant phenolic compounds, widely distributed in fruits and vegetables, and exhibit potent antioxidant capacity. humans ingest a significant amount of anthocyanins in the daily diet. the objective of the current study was to examine human absorption and metabolism of black raspberry anthocyanins when administered at high doses (2.69 +/- 0.085 g/day). ten healthy men consumed 45 g of freeze-dried black raspberries daily for 1 week. urine samples were collected over a 1 ... | 2006 | 16478275 |
| chemical compositions, antioxidant capacities, and antiproliferative activities of selected fruit seed flours. | seed flours from black raspberry, red raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, pinot noir grape, and chardonnay grape were examined for their total fat content, fatty acid composition, total phenolic content (tpc), total anthocyanin content (tac), radical scavenging capacities against the peroxyl (orac) and stable dpph radicals, chelating capacity against fe(2+), and antiproliferative activities using the ht-29 colon cancer cell line. significant levels of fat were detected in the fruit seed flours and ... | 2006 | 16719495 |
| black raspberries inhibit n-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (nmba)-induced angiogenesis in rat esophagus parallel to the suppression of cox-2 and inos. | angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is critical to tumor growth and metastasis. vascular endothelial growth factor (vegf), an important angiogenic activator, is essential for angiogenesis. our laboratory has used a rodent model of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (escc) to identify putative chemopreventive agents for this disease and determine their mechanisms of action. we reported that dietary black raspberry powder (brb) inhibits n-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (nmba)-induced ... | 2006 | 16777990 |
| protection against esophageal cancer in rodents with lyophilized berries: potential mechanisms. | for several years, our laboratory has been evaluating the ability of lyophilized (freeze-dried) black raspberries (rubus occidentalis, brbs), blackberries (r. fructicosus, bbs), and strawberries (fragaria ananasia, strws) to inhibit carcinogen-induced cancer in the rodent esophagus. to assure "standardized" berry preparations for study, each berry type is of the same cultivar, picked at about the same degree of ripeness, washed and frozen within 2-4 h of the time of picking, and freeze-dried und ... | 2006 | 16800771 |
| suppression of the tumorigenic phenotype in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells by an ethanol extract derived from freeze-dried black raspberries. | despite focused efforts to improve therapy, 5-yr survival rates for persons with advanced-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (scc) remain discouragingly low. clearly, early detection combined with strategies for local intervention, such as chemoprevention prior to scc development, could dramatically improve clinical outcomes. previously conducted oral cavity human chemoprevention trials, however, have provided mixed results. although some therapies showed efficacy, they were often accompanied by ... | 2006 | 16800773 |
| molecular mechanisms involved in chemoprevention of black raspberry extracts: from transcription factors to their target genes. | berries have attracted attention for their chemopreventive activities in last a few years. dietary freeze-dried blackberries have been shown to reduce esophagus and colon cancer development induced by chemical carcinogen in rodents. to elucidate molecular mechanisms involved in chemoprevention by berry extracts, we employed mouse epidermal cl 41 cell line, a well-characterized in vitro model in tumor promotion studies. pretreatment of cl 41 cells with methanol-extracted blackberry fraction ro-me ... | 2006 | 16800774 |
| blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry, and strawberry extracts inhibit growth and stimulate apoptosis of human cancer cells in vitro. | berry fruits are widely consumed in our diet and have attracted much attention due to their potential human health benefits. berries contain a diverse range of phytochemicals with biological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-neurodegerative, and anti-inflammatory activities. in the current study, extracts of six popularly consumed berries--blackberry, black raspberry, blueberry, cranberry, red raspberry and strawberry--were evaluated for their phenolic constituents using high perf ... | 2006 | 17147415 |
| cyanidin-3-rutinoside, a natural polyphenol antioxidant, selectively kills leukemic cells by induction of oxidative stress. | anthocyanins are a group of naturally occurring phenolic compounds widely available in fruits and vegetables in human diets. they have broad biological activities including anti-mutagenesis and anticarcinogenesis, which are generally attributed to their antioxidant activities. we studied the effects and the mechanisms of the most common type of anthocyanins, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, in several leukemia and lymphoma cell lines. we found that cyanidin-3-rutinoside extracted and purified from the bla ... | 2007 | 17360708 |
| differential inhibition of uv-induced activation of nf kappa b and ap-1 by extracts from black raspberries, strawberries, and blueberries. | recent studies from our laboratory have shown that the transactivation of nuclear factor kappa b (nf kappa b) and activator protein-1 (ap-1) plays an important mechanistic role in ultraviolet (uv)-induced skin carcinogenesis in mice. we also demonstrated that a methanol extract (me) fraction from black raspberries (rubus occidentalis) (ro; ro-me) inhibits benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide [b(a)pde]-induced activation of nf kappa b and ap-1 in cultured mouse epidermal cells. in the present stu ... | 2007 | 17640167 |
| differential effects of black raspberry and strawberry extracts on bapde-induced activation of transcription factors and their target genes. | the chemopreventive properties of edible berries have been demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo, however, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying their anti-cancer effects are largely unknown. our previous studies have shown that a methanol extract fraction of freeze-dried black raspberries inhibits benzoapyrene (bap)-induced transformation of syrian hamster embryo cells. this fraction also blocks activation of activator protein-1 (ap-1) and nuclear factor kappab (nf-kappab) induced by be ... | 2008 | 18085529 |
| berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease. | an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ... | 2008 | 18211023 |
| dietary berries and ellagic acid diminish estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis in aci rats. | estrogen acts as a complete mammary carcinogen in aci rats. prevention studies in this model allowed us to identify agents that are effective against estrogen-induced mammary carcinogenesis. in this study, we investigated efficacy of dietary berries and ellagic acid to reduce estrogen-mediated mammary tumorigenesis. female aci rats (8-9 wk) were fed either ain-93m diet (n = 25) or diet supplemented with either powdered blueberry (n = 19) and black raspberry (n = 19) at 2.5% wt/wt each or ellagic ... | 2008 | 18444155 |
| topical application of a bioadhesive black raspberry gel modulates gene expression and reduces cyclooxygenase 2 protein in human premalignant oral lesions. | reduced expression of proapoptotic and terminal differentiation genes in conjunction with increased levels of the proinflammatory and angiogenesis-inducing enzymes, cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (inos), correlate with malignant transformation of oral intraepithelial neoplasia (ien). accordingly, this study investigated the effects of a 10% (w/w) freeze-dried black raspberry gel on oral ien histopathology, gene expression profiles, intraepithelial cox-2 and inos pro ... | 2008 | 18559542 |
| identification, characterization, and detection of black raspberry necrosis virus. | abstract a serious disease was observed in black raspberry (rubus occidentalis) in oregon in the last decade. plants showing mosaic symptoms declined rapidly and, in many cases, died after several years. double-stranded rna extraction from symptomatic black raspberry revealed the presence of two high molecular weight bands which were cloned and sequenced. sequence analysis disclosed the presence of a novel virus that was tentatively named black raspberry decline-associated virus (brdav). the com ... | 2007 | 18942935 |
| prevention of oxidative dna damage by bioactive berry components. | the hormone 17ss-estradiol (e(2)) causes oxidative dna damage via redox cycling of its metabolites such as 4-hydroxy estradiol (4e(2)). in this study, aci rats (8 wk old) were fed either ain-93m diet or diets supplemented with 0.5% each of mixed berries (strawberry, blueberry, blackberry, and red and black raspberry), blueberry alone (bb; 2.5%), or ellagic acid (ea; 400 ppm) from 2 wk prior to and up to 12 wk of e(2) treatment. the liver dna was analyzed for the presence of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguan ... | 2008 | 19003579 |
| effects of a black raspberry diet on gene expression in the rat esophagus. | a diet containing 5% freeze-dried black raspberries (brb) markedly inhibits esophageal cancer in rats treated with the carcinogen, n-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (nmba). we previously identified esophageal genes that become dysregulated after short-term treatment of rats with nmba and determined which genes are maintained at near-normal levels of expression if the animals were fed 5% brb prior to and during nmba treatment. in this study, we report the effects of the brb diet on gene expression in es ... | 2008 | 19003582 |
| distribution of anthocyanins delivered from a bioadhesive black raspberry gel following topical intraoral application in normal healthy volunteers. | results from our oral cavity chemoprevention trial demonstrated appreciable interpatient variations regarding chemopreventive efficacy of a freeze dried black raspberry (fbr) gel. we speculated these data reflected individual patient-related differences in absorption, target tissue uptake and local compound metabolism of key fbr compounds (anthocyanins). accordingly, this study assessed the distribution of anthocyanins from the 10% (w/w) fbr gel in saliva, oral tissues and plasma. | 2009 | 19137418 |
| production of gamma-aminobutyric acid in black raspberry juice during fermentation by lactobacillus brevis gaba100. | black raspberry juice was fermented to produce gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) using lactic acid bacteria (lactobacillus brevis gaba 100) at different temperatures (25, 30, or 37 degrees c) and phs (3.5, 4, 4.5, 5, 5.5, or 6) for 15 days. concentrations of gaba in the juices were determined during fermentation using hplc. gaba was produced continuously even if the viable bacterial counts markedly decreased. the fermentation at 30 degrees c generally showed higher production of gaba in the juices ... | 2009 | 19167126 |
| phenolic acids in black raspberry and in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs following ingestion of black raspberry. | black raspberries (brb) contain high levels of polyphenols and have been demonstrated to be chemopreventive. in order to investigate the underlying mechanism and study the metabolism of anthocyanins, pigs were fed freeze-dried brb powder or purified diet (control) and three segments of the gastrointestinal (gi) tract (small intestine, cecum, and colon; 4 h after feeding) were collected for analysis of phenolic acids. protocatechuic acid was the major phenolic acid (8.35 mg/100 g, dry weight (dw) ... | 2009 | 19199287 |
| stability of black raspberry anthocyanins in the digestive tract lumen and transport efficiency into gastric and small intestinal tissues in the rat. | the fate of black raspberry anthocyanins in the gastrointestinal tract (gi) was evaluated. fasted male rats (n = 30) were administered either 27 +/- 6.7 nmol of cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalent of anthocyanins and euthanized at 30, 60, 120, and 180 min or vehicle only and killed at 30 min (control) to collect bladder urine, gi contents, stomach, and small intestine. hplc-ms analysis showed that anthocyanins in the gastric lumen decreased linearly over time (t(1/2) = 120 min). anthocyanins in smal ... | 2009 | 19317488 |
| topical treatment with black raspberry extract reduces cutaneous uvb-induced carcinogenesis and inflammation. | light in the uvb spectrum (280-320 nm) induces a number of changes in the epidermis and dermis of mice and humans, resulting in a robust inflammatory response. a standardized black raspberry extract (bre) has been effective in reducing signaling pathways commonly initiated by inflammatory stimuli. in this study, we determined whether this extract could reduce cutaneous uvb-induced inflammation and carcinogenesis. in our carcinogenesis model, female skh-1 hairless mice were exposed to one minimal ... | 2009 | 19584078 |
| purified berry anthocyanins but not whole berries normalize lipid parameters in mice fed an obesogenic high fat diet. | male c57bl/6 mice received diets with either 10% of kcal from fat, or a high fat diet [45% (hf45) or 60% (hf60) kcal from fat]. diets were prepared with or without freeze-dried powders (10%) from whole blueberries (bb), strawberries (sb), concord grape or black raspberry. in the 2nd study, purified anthocyanins (acns) from sb or bb were added to the drinking water of the treatments fed the hf60 diet. in study 1, serum triglycerides were increased by feeding the hf45 diet but were elevated furthe ... | 2009 | 19743407 |
| a rapid and sensitive lc-ms/ms method for quantification of four anthocyanins and its application in a clinical pharmacology study of a bioadhesive black raspberry gel. | cyanidin 3-glucoside (c3glu), cyanidin 3-rutinoside (c3rut), cyanidin 3-sambubioside (c3sam) and cyanidin 3-(2(g)-xylosyl) rutinoside (c3xrut) are the four constituent black raspberry anthocyanins that contribute significantly to the chemopreventive effects of freeze-dried black raspberries (fbr). a highly sensitive and specific lc-ms/ms assay was developed and validated to simultaneously quantify these four fbr anthocyanins in human saliva, plasma and oral tissue homogenates. in saliva, the low ... | 2009 | 19896910 |
| effect of black raspberry extract in inhibiting nfkappa b dependent radioprotection in human breast cancer cells. | black raspberry extracts (rse) have been shown to inhibit cancer cell growth and stimulate apoptosis. also, studies have demonstrated that rse inhibits transcriptional regulators including nfkappa b. accordingly, we investigated the effect of rse in inhibiting radiation (ir) induced nfkappa b mediated radioprotection in breast adenocarcinoma cells. mcf-7 cells were exposed to ir (2gy), treated with rse (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 micro g/ml) or treated with rse (1.0 micro g/ml) followed by ir exposure, and h ... | 2010 | 20043264 |
| formulation and in vitro-in vivo evaluation of black raspberry extract-loaded plga/pla injectable millicylindrical implants for sustained delivery of chemopreventive anthocyanins. | the objective of this study was to formulate and evaluate freeze-dried black raspberry (fbr) ethanol extract (re) loaded poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (plga) and poly(dl-lactic acid) (pla) injectable millicylindrical implants for sustained delivery of chemopreventive fbr anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-sambubioside (cs), cyanidin-3-glucoside (cg) and cyanidin-3-rutinoside (cr)). | 2010 | 20148292 |
| black raspberry components inhibit proliferation, induce apoptosis, and modulate gene expression in rat esophageal epithelial cells. | we have shown that a diet containing freeze-dried black raspberries (brb) inhibits the development of chemically induced cancer in the rat esophagus. to provide insights into possible mechanisms by which brb inhibit esophageal carcinogenesis, we evaluated an ethanol (etoh) extract of brb, and two component anthocyanins (cyanidin-3-o-glucoside and cyanidin-3-o-rutinoside) in brb, for their effects on growth, apoptosis, and gene expression in rat esophageal epithelial cell lines. the etoh extract ... | 2009 | 20155622 |
| dietary black raspberry anthocyanins do not alter development of obesity in mice fed an obesogenic high-fat diet. | anthocyanins (acns) from various foods have been shown to minimize the development of obesity in some animal models. the objective of the current study was to compare the effects of feeding purified black raspberry (brb) acns or the freeze-dried whole brb on the development of obesity. male c57bl/6j mice (25 days of age) were assigned at random to treatments (7/treatment; 3/cage). the treatments included (1) control low-fat diet (10% calories from fat) (lf); (2) lf plus brb juice in place of dri ... | 2010 | 20201554 |
| berries and ellagic acid prevent estrogen-induced mammary tumorigenesis by modulating enzymes of estrogen metabolism. | to determine whether dietary berries and ellagic acid prevent 17beta-estradiol (e(2))-induced mammary tumors by altering estrogen metabolism, we randomized august-copenhagen irish rats (n = 6 per group) into five groups: sham implant + control diet, e(2) implant + control diet (e(2)-cd), e(2) + 2.5% black raspberry (e(2)-brb), e(2) + 2.5% blueberry (e(2)-bb), and e(2) + 400 ppm ellagic acid (e(2)-ea). animals were euthanized at early (6 wk), intermediate (18 wk), and late (24 wk) phases of e(2) ... | 2010 | 20501861 |
| dietary freeze-dried black raspberry's effect on cellular antioxidant status during reflux-induced esophagitis in rats. | esophageal cancer consists of two distinct types, esophageal adenocarcinoma (eac) and squamous cell carcinoma, both of which differ significantly in their etiology. freeze-dried black raspberry (brb) has been consistent in its ability to modulate the biomarkers and reduce the incidence of carcinogen-induced squamous cell carcinoma in rats. in our previous studies in the esophagoduodenal anastomosis (eda) model, we have shown that the early modulation of manganese superoxide dismutase (mnsod) sig ... | 2011 | 20538426 |
| urinary excretion of (epi)catechins in rats fed different berries or berry products. | (epi)catechins are associated with many health benefits in humans. however, their bioavailability, excretory pattern, and extent of conjugation in animals fed different sources or levels in the diet are not well documented. two experiments were conducted to investigate the urinary excretion of (epi)catechins after feeding of different types of berries or different levels of the same berry source to rats. experiment 1 investigated the effects of feeding a commercially available concentrated cranb ... | 2010 | 20932033 |
| anti-inflammatory effects of freeze-dried black raspberry powder in ulcerative colitis. | ulcerative colitis (uc) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa that can dramatically increase the risk of colon cancers. in the present study, we evaluated the effects of a dietary intervention of freeze-dried black raspberries (brb), a natural food product with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities, on disease severity in an experimental mouse model of uc using 3% dextran sodium sulfate (dss). c57bl/6j mice were fed either a control diet or a diet containing brb (5 or ... | 2010 | 21098643 |
| unrefined and refined black raspberry seed oils significantly lower triglycerides and moderately affect cholesterol metabolism in male syrian hamsters. | abstract unrefined and refined black raspberry seed oils (rsos) were examined for their lipid-modulating effects in male syrian hamsters fed high-cholesterol (0.12% g/g), high-fat (9% g/g) diets. hamsters fed the refined and the unrefined rso diets had equivalently lower plasma total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (hdl) cholesterol in comparison with the atherogenic coconut oil diet. the unrefined rso treatment group did not differ in liver total and esterified cholesterol from the coc ... | 2011 | 21548801 |
| effects of human oral mucosal tissue, saliva and oral microflora on intraoral metabolism and bioactivation of black raspberry anthocyanins. | our oral cancer chemoprevention trial data implied that patient-specific differences in local retention and metabolism of freeze-dried black raspberries' (brb) components affected therapeutic responsiveness. subsequent studies have confirmed that anthocyanins are key contributors to brb's chemopreventive effects. consequently, functional assays, immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analyses to evaluate levels and distribution of brb anthocyanin-relevant metabolic enzymes in human oral tissues ... | 2011 | 21558412 |
| decision making and risk attitude of the common marmoset in a gambling task. | to analyze decision making under uncertainty of monkeys, common marmosets were trained to choose and remove one of two colored caps on wells arranged side by side. each well contained constant reward (3 grains of puffed rice) or risky reward (0 or 6 grains; probability, 50%:50%). for each marmoset, white or black color was assigned randomly as a symbol of non-risky or risky choice. arrangement of white and black caps was determined randomly in each trial. after 200 trials (5 trials per day), the ... | 2011 | 21802456 |
| antioxidant oils and salmonella enterica typhimurium reduce tumor in an experimental model of hepatic metastasis. | fruit seeds high in antioxidants have been shown to have anticancer properties and enhance host protection against microbial infection. recently we showed that a single oral dose of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressing a truncated human interleukin-2 gene (salpil2) is avirulent, immunogenic, and reduces hepatic metastases through increased natural killer cell populations in mice. to determine whether antioxidant compounds enhance the antitumor effect seen in salpil2-treated animals ... | 2011 | 21691578 |
| impact of curcumin, raspberry extract, and neem leaf extract on rel protein-regulated cell death/radiosensitization in pancreatic cancer cells. | objectives:: nuclear factor +¦b (nf-+¦b) plays an intrinsic role in promoting growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis in pancreatic cancer (pc) and serves as a mechanism underlying therapeutic resistance. accordingly, we investigated the efficacy of bioactive phytochemicals in inhibiting radiotherapy (rt)-induced nf-+¦b activity, signaling, and nf-+¦b-dependent regulation of cell death. methods:: panc-1, bxpc-3, and mia paca-2 cells exposed to 10 gy (single high dose [sdr]) or 2 gy/d for 5 days (fr ... | 2011 | 21697760 |
| properties and detection of two cryptoviruses from pepper (capsicum annuum). | pepper (capsicum annuum l.) contains a range of endogenous dsrna molecules resembling the genomes of cryptoviruses. in this work, we have completed the molecular characterization of pepper cryptic virus 1 (pcv-1) from cv "jalape+¦o m" and generated complete genomic sequences of another cryptovirus from cv "hungarian wax" designated pepper cryptic virus 2 (pcv-2). the two viruses share limited identical amino acid content in both genomic segments and appear phylogenetically closer to cryptoviruse ... | 2011 | 21695493 |
| A black raspberry extract inhibits proliferation and regulates apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. | OBJECTIVE: Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer worldwide, and it remains a challenge to manage preinvasive and invasive lesions. Food-based cancer prevention entities, such as black raspberries and their derivatives, have demonstrated a marked ability to inhibit preclinical models of epithelial cancer cell growth and tumor formation. Here, we extend the role of black raspberry-mediated chemoprevention to that of cervical carcinogenesis. METHODS: Three human cervical cancer ce ... | 2011 | 21831414 |
| Effect of freeze-dried berries on the development of reflux-induced esophageal adenocarcinoma. | The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in humans is increasing more rapidly than any other malignancy in the United States. Animal studies have demonstrated the efficacy of freeze-dried berry supplementation on carcinogen-induced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in rats; however, no such studies have been done in esophagoduodenal anastomosis (EDA), an animal model for reflux-induced esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) development. Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into 3 ... | 2011 | 22043833 |
| potential risks resulting from fruit/vegetable-drug interactions: effects on drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. | it has been well established that complex mixtures of phytochemicals in fruits and vegetables can be beneficial for human health. moreover, it is becoming increasingly apparent that phytochemicals can influence the pharmacological activity of drugs by modifying their absorption characteristics through interactions with drug transporters as well as drug-metabolizing enzyme systems. such effects are more likely to occur in the intestine and liver, where high concentrations of phytochemicals may oc ... | 2011 | 22417366 |
| bacteria isolated from korean black raspberry vinegar with low biogenic amine production in wine. | a high concentration of histamine, one of the biogenic amines (bas) usually found in fermented foods, can cause undesirable physiological side effects in sensitive humans. the objective of this study is to isolate indigenous acetobacter strains from naturally fermented bokbunja vinegar in korea with reduced histamine production during starter fermentation. further, we examined its physiological and biochemical properties, including ba synthesis. the obtained strain mba-77, identified as acetobac ... | 2016 | 26991285 |
| anti-inflammatory and anti-superbacterial activity of polyphenols isolated from black raspberry. | the fruit of the black raspberry (rubus coreanus miquel) has been employed in traditional medicine, and recent studies have demonstrated its measureable biological activities. however, the root of the black raspberry has not been studied. therefore, in this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties of the root and unripe fruit polyphenols of the black raspberry. both polyphenols proved to have anti-inflammatory activity as evidenced by the decreased nitric oxide (no) ... | 2013 | 23440625 |
| microbial community, and biochemical and physiological properties of korean traditional black raspberry (robus coreanus miquel) vinegar. | the aim of this study was to elucidate the changes in microbial community and biochemical and physiological properties of traditional muju black raspberry (robus coreanus miquel) vinegar (tmbv) during fermentation by culture-independent methods. | 2016 | 26676481 |
| the complete sequence of a uk strain of black raspberry necrosis virus. | the complete nucleotide sequence of a uk strain of the sadwavirus black raspberry necrosis virus (brnv) was obtained by amplification and sequencing of virus rna from infected plants grown in a raspberry plantation in aylth, scotland. the rna1 was 7,572 nucleotides (nt) in size and rna2 was 6,350 nt in size, each excluding the 3' poly-a tail. the rna1- and rna2-encoded polyproteins are predicted to be processed into (rna1) a protease cofactor, an rna helicase, the vpg, a 3c-like protease, an rna ... | 2010 | 20878193 |
| the antimicrobial activity of fruits from some cultivar varieties of rubus idaeus and rubus occidentalis. | raspberries, derived from different cultivar varieties, are a popular ingredient of everyday diet, and their biological activity is a point of interest for researchers. the ethanol-water extracts from four varieties of red (rubus idaeus'ljulin', 'veten', 'poranna rosa') and black (rubus occidentalis'litacz') raspberries were evaluated in the range of their antimicrobial properties as well as phenolic content - sanguiin h-6, free ellagic acid and anthocyanins. the antimicrobial assay was performe ... | 2014 | 25131001 |
| antiviral effects of black raspberry (rubus coreanus) seed extract and its polyphenolic compounds on norovirus surrogates. | black raspberry seeds, a byproduct of wine and juice production, contain large quantities of polyphenolic compounds. the antiviral effects of black raspberry seed extract (rcs) and its fraction with molecular weight less than 1 kda (rcs-f1) were examined against food-borne viral surrogates, murine norovirus-1 (mnv-1) and feline calicivirus-f9 (fcv-f9). the maximal antiviral effect was achieved when rcs or rcs-f1 was added simultaneously to cells with mnv-1 or fcv-f9, reaching complete inhibition ... | 2016 | 26983677 |
| antiviral effects of black raspberry (rubus coreanus) juice on foodborne viral surrogates. | abstract human noroviruses (hunovs) are the most frequent cause of foodborne viral gastroenteritis, causing approximately 90% of non-bacterial epidemic outbreaks around the world. rubus coreanus is a species of black raspberry, rich in polyphenols, and known to exert anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. in the present study, the antiviral effects of r. coreanus juice (black raspberry [brb] juice) on foodborne viral surrogates, murine norovirus-1 (mnv-1) and feline calicivi ... | 2012 | 22924523 |
| carcinogenesis of the oral cavity: environmental causes and potential prevention by black raspberry. | worldwide, cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx comprise the sixth most common malignancies. histologically, more than 90% of oral cancers are squamous cell carcinoma (scc). epidemiologic data strongly support the role of exogenous factors such as tobacco, alcohol, and human papilloma virus infection as major causative agents. avoidance of risk factors has only been partially successful, and survival rates have not improved despite advances in therapeutic approaches. therefore, new or improved ... | 2017 | 28092946 |
| comparison of traditional and commercial vinegars based on metabolite profiling and antioxidant activity. | metabolite profiles of seven commercial vinegars and two traditional vinegars were performed by gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry with multivariate statistical analysis. during alcohol fermentation, yeast, nuruk, and koji were used as sugars for nutrients and as fermentation substrates. commercial and traditional vinegars were significantly separated in the principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis. six sugars and sugar alcohols, thr ... | 2015 | 25293630 |
| in vitro antioxidant activities and polyphenol contents of seven commercially available fruits. | fruits are considered one of the richest sources of natural antioxidants. their consumption has been linked to the prevention of oxidative stress-induced diseases. | 2017 | 27695265 |
| the genome of black raspberry (rubus occidentalis). | black raspberry (rubus occidentalis) is an important specialty fruit crop in the us pacific northwest that can hybridize with the globally commercialized red raspberry (r. idaeus). here we report a 243 mb draft genome of black raspberry that will serve as a useful reference for the rosaceae and rubus fruit crops (raspberry, blackberry, and their hybrids). the black raspberry genome is largely collinear to the diploid woodland strawberry (fragaria vesca) with a conserved karyotype and few notable ... | 2016 | 27228578 |
| molecular genetics and genomics of the rosoideae: state of the art and future perspectives. | the rosoideae is a subfamily of the rosaceae that contains a number of species of economic importance, including the soft fruit species strawberry (fragaria ×ananassa), red (rubus idaeus) and black (rubus occidentalis) raspberries, blackberries (rubus spp.) and one of the most economically important cut flower genera, the roses (rosa spp.). molecular genetics and genomics resources for the rosoideae have developed rapidly over the past two decades, beginning with the development and application ... | 2014 | 26504527 |
| construction of black (rubus occidentalis) and red (r. idaeus) raspberry linkage maps and their comparison to the genomes of strawberry, apple, and peach. | the genus rubus belongs to the rosaceae and is comprised of 600-800 species distributed world-wide. to date, genetic maps of the genus consist largely of non-transferable markers such as amplified fragment length polymorphisms. an f(1) population developed from a cross between an advanced breeding selection of rubus occidentalis (96395s1) and r. idaeus 'latham' was used to construct a new genetic map consisting of dna sequence-based markers. the genetic linkage maps presented here are constructe ... | 2012 | 22398438 |
| scavenging capacity of berry crops on superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen. | the antioxidant activities against superoxide radicals (o(2)(*)(-)), hydrogen peroxide (h(2)o(2)), hydroxyl radicals (oh(*)), and singlet oxygen ('o(2)) was evaluated in fruit juice from different cultivars of thornless blackberries (rubus sp.), blueberries (vaccinium spp.), cranberries (vaccinium macrocarpon aiton), raspberries (rubus idaeus l. and rubus occidentalis l.), and strawberries (fragaria x ananassa duch.). among the different cultivars, juice of 'hull thornless' blackberry, 'earliglo ... | 2000 | 11087538 |
| antioxidant activity in fruits and leaves of blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry varies with cultivar and developmental stage. | fruits and leaves from different cultivars of thornless blackberry (rubus sp.), red raspberry (rubus idaeus l.), black raspberry (rubus occidentalis l.), and strawberry (fragaria x ananassa d.) plants were analyzed for total antioxidant capacity (oxygen radical absorbance capacity, orac) and total phenolic content. in addition, fruits were analyzed for total anthocyanin content. blackberries and strawberries had the highest orac values during the green stages, whereas red raspberries had the hig ... | 2000 | 10691606 |
| antioxidants and bioactivities of free, esterified and insoluble-bound phenolics from berry seed meals. | phenolic compounds present in the free, soluble ester and insoluble-bound forms of blackberry, black raspberry and blueberry were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionisation multistage mass spectrometry. the total phenolics, scavenging activity against hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals, the reducing power and chelating capacity were, in general, in the decreasing order of blackberry>black raspberry>blueberry. amongst fractions, ... | 2016 | 26616944 |
| cdna cloning and expression pattern of cinnamate-4-hydroxylase in the korean black raspberry. | cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (c4h) is a key enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is responsible for synthesizing a variety of secondary metabolites that participate in development and adaptation. in this study, we isolated a full-length cdna of the c4h gene from the korean black raspberry (rubus sp.) and found that this gene existed as a single gene. by comparing the deduced amino acid sequence of rubus sp. c4h with other sequences reported previously we determined that this sequence was high ... | 2008 | 18682037 |
| differential effects of endoparasitism on the expression of carotenoid- and melanin-based ornamental coloration. | the striking diversity of sexual dimorphisms in nature begs the question: why are there so many signal types? one possibility is that ornamental traits convey different sets of information about the quality of the sender to the receiver. the colourful, pigmented feathers of male birds seem to meet the predictions of this hypothesis. evidence suggests that carotenoid pigmentation reflects the nutritional condition of males during moult, whereas in many instances melanin pigmentation is a reliable ... | 2000 | 11007328 |
| bioconversion of cyanidin-3-rutinoside to cyanidin-3-glucoside in black raspberry by crude α-l-rhamnosidase from aspergillus species. | cyanidin-3-glucoside (c3g) has been known to be more bioavailable than cyanidin-3- rutinoside (c3r), the most abundant anthocyanin in black raspberry (rubus occidentalis). the aim of this study was to enhance the bioavailability of anthocyanins in black raspberry by cleaving l-rhamnose in c3r using crude enzyme extracts (cees) from aspergillus usamii kctc 6956, a. awamori kctc 60380, a. niger kccm 11724, a. oryzae kccm 12698, and a. kawachii kccm 32819. the enzyme activities of the cees were det ... | 2015 | 26165319 |
| antiviral effects of black raspberry (rubus coreanus) seed and its gallic acid against influenza virus infection. | influenza is a serious public health concern worldwide, as it causes significant morbidity and mortality. the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains requires new approaches for the treatment of influenza. in this study, rubus coreanus seed (rcs) that is left over from the production of wine or juice was found to show antiviral activities against influenza type a and b viruses. using the time-of-addition plaque assay, viral replication was almost completely abolished by simultaneous treatment ... | 2016 | 27275830 |
| ellagic acid and its role in chronic diseases. | ellagic acid is a natural anti-oxidant phenol found in numerous fruits and vegetables, in particular pomegranate, persimmon, raspberry, black raspberry, strawberry, peach, plumes, nuts (walnuts, almonds), and wine. the anti-proliferative and anti-oxidant properties of ellagic acid have prompted research into its potential health benefits. the aim of this chapter will be to summarize potential benefits of ellagic acid supplementation in chronic diseases. | 0 | 27671829 |
| blackberry, raspberry and black raspberry polyphenol extracts attenuate angiotensin ii-induced senescence in vascular smooth muscle cells. | activation of angiotensin ii (ang ii) signaling during aging increases reactive oxygen species (ros) leading to vascular senescence, a process linked to the onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (cvd). consumption of fruits and vegetables, particularly berries, is associated with decreased incidence of cvd, which has mainly been attributed to the polyphenol content of these foods. thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of blackberry (bl), raspberry (rb), and bla ... | 0 | 27506987 |
| chemical characteristics of cold-pressed blackberry, black raspberry, and blueberry seed oils and the role of the minor components in their oxidative stability. | the chemical characteristics of cold-pressed blackberry, black raspberry, and blueberry seed oils were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, positional distribution of fatty acids, triacylglycerol (tag) profile, and minor component profile. the role of minor components, including tocols and pigments, on the oxidative stability was also investigated using high-temperature- and fluorescent-lighting-induced oxidation before and after tested berry seed oils were stripped of their minor compone ... | 0 | 27203814 |
| identification and molecular characterization of panax notoginseng virus a, which may represent an undescribed novel species of the genus totivirus, family totiviridae. | a double-stranded rna (dsrna), pn-s, isolated from panax notoginseng was sequenced and characterized. dsrna pn-s was determined to be 5003 base pairs (bp) in length and to have a genome organization similar to that of totiviruses. the two deduced proteins encoded by dsrna pn-s have the highest amino acid (aa) sequence identity to cp and rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) of black raspberry virus f (brvf), a tentative member of the genus totivirus, family totiviridae, at 39% and 54%, respectivel ... | 2016 | 26660166 |
| developing expressed sequence tag libraries and the discovery of simple sequence repeat markers for two species of raspberry (rubus l.). | due to a relatively high level of codominant inheritance and transferability within and among taxonomic groups, simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers are important elements in comparative mapping and delineation of genomic regions associated with traits of economic importance. expressed sequence tags (ests) are a source of ssrs that can be used to develop markers to facilitate plant breeding and for more basic research across genera and higher plant orders. | 2015 | 26499487 |
| a variant of rubus yellow net virus with altered genomic organization. | rubus yellow net virus (rynv) is a member of the genus badnavirus (family: caulimoviridae). rynv infects rubus species causing chlorosis of the tissue along the leaf veins, giving an unevenly distributed netted symptom in some cultivars of red and black raspberry. recently, a strain of rynv was sequenced from a rubus idaeus plant in alberta, canada, exhibiting such symptoms. the viral genome contained seven open reading frames (orfs) with five of them in the sense-strand, including a large polyp ... | 2015 | 25480633 |
| evaluation of the jelly processing potential of raspberries adapted in brazil. | generally raspberry products as jams, jellies, and preserves are made with red raspberry, however, yellow raspberry and especially black raspberry are also fruits adapted in brazil, presenting even better productivity and quality. thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the processing potential of other varieties of raspberry, but the red, in the preparation of jellies through mixture design and response surface methodology (rsm). these techniques were used to optimize the following 3 variab ... | 2014 | 24467459 |
| berries and human health: research highlights from the fifth biennial berry health benefits symposium. | the fifth biennial berry health benefits symposium showcased recent research supporting the positive effects of berry consumption on human health and disease. remarkably, the vast majority of oral papers covered data accumulated from in vivo studies, which underscores how berry health research has advanced since the inception of this symposium in 2005. similar to the past, research presented at this meeting was primarily focused on the major commercially cultivated berries in north america, name ... | 2014 | 24148006 |
| location of the mechanism of resistance to amphorophora agathonica (hemiptera: aphididae) in red raspberry. | the aphid amphorophora agathonica hottes (hemiptera: aphididae) is an important virus vector in red (rubus idaeus l.) and black (rubus occidentalis l.) raspberries in north america. raspberry resistance to a. agathonica in the form of a single dominant gene named ag1 has been relied upon to help control aphid-transmitted plant viruses; however, the mechanism of resistance to the insect is poorly understood. aphid feeding was monitored using an electrical penetration graph on the resistant red ra ... | 2012 | 22928330 |
| chemical composition of caneberry (rubus spp.) seeds and oils and their antioxidant potential. | caneberries (rubus spp. l.) are grown primarily throughout the pacific northwestern united states and canada. processing of caneberry fruit typically removes the seed, and the development of a value-added use of seeds could expand the market for caneberries and the profit margins for growers. an initial step toward the use of the seeds is a characterization of seed and oil. our investigation has described compositional characteristics for seeds of five commonly grown caneberry species: red raspb ... | 2004 | 15612785 |
| antioxidant activity and phenolic content of oregon caneberries. | five types of caneberries [evergreen blackberries (rubus laciniatus), marionberries (rubus ursinus), boysenberries (rubus ursinus x idaeus), red raspberries (rubus idaeus), and black raspberries (rubus occidentalis)] were analyzed for antioxidant activity by measuring their oxygen radical absorbance capacity (orac). in addition, the berries were analyzed for total phenolics, anthocyanins, procyanidins, and ellagic acid content. all of the berries had high orac activity ranging from 24 to 77.2 mi ... | 2002 | 12033817 |
| effects of black raspberry on lipid profiles, vascular endothelial function and circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with metabolic syndrome. | | 2017 | 29366130 |
| chemoprevention of colorectal cancer by black raspberry anthocyanins involved the modulation of gut microbiota and sfrp2 demethylation. | freeze-dried black raspberry powder is considered as a potential cancer chemopreventive agent. in this study, we fed aom/dss treated c57bl/6j mice with diet containing black raspberry anthocyanins for 12 weeks and this led to a reduction in colon carcinogenesis. these animals had consistently lower tumor multiplicity compared to aom/dss-treated mice not receiving brb anthocyanins. in aom/dss-treated mice, the number of pathogenic bacteria, including desulfovibriosp and enterococcus spp, were inc ... | 2018 | 29361151 |
| effects of black raspberry on dibenzo[a,l]pyrene diol epoxide induced dna adducts, mutagenesis and tumorigenesis in the mouse oral cavity. | we previously showed that metabolic activation of the environmental and tobacco smoke constituent dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (db[a,l]p) to its active fjord region diol epoxide (db[a,l]pde) is required to induce dna damage, mutagenesis and squamous cell carcinoma (scc) in the mouse oral cavity. in contrast to procarcinogens which were employed previously to induce scc, db[a,l]pde does not require metabolic activation to exert its biological effects and thus, this study was initiated to examine, for the f ... | 2017 | 29158340 |
| inhibition of pro-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic biomarkers during experimental oral cancer chemoprevention by dietary black raspberries. | oral cancer continues to be a significant public health problem worldwide. recently conducted clinical trials demonstrate the ability of black raspberries (brbs) to modulate biomarkers of molecular efficacy that supports a chemopreventive strategy against oral cancer. however, it is essential that a preclinical animal model of black raspberry (brb) chemoprevention which recapitulates human oral carcinogenesis be developed, so that we can validate biomarkers and evaluate potential mechanisms of a ... | 2017 | 29109723 |
| effects of black raspberry extract and berry compounds on repair of dna damage and mutagenesis induced by chemical and physical agents in human oral leukoplakia and rat oral fibroblasts. | black raspberries (brb) have been shown to inhibit carcinogenesis in a number of systems, with most studies focusing on progression. previously we reported that an anthocyanin-enriched black raspberry extract (be) enhanced repair of dibenzo-[a,l]-pyrene dihydrodiol (dbp-diol)-induced dna adducts and inhibited dbp-diol and dbp-diolepoxide (dbpde)-induced mutagenesis in a laci rat oral fibroblast cell line, suggesting a role for brb in the inhibition of initiation of carcinogenesis. here we extend ... | 2017 | 29068672 |
| use of gelatin and gum arabic for encapsulation of black raspberry anthocyanins by complex coacervation. | protein-polysaccharide interactions offer opportunities for designing the new functional foods with applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries. in this work, we microencapsulated black raspberry water extracts by double emulsion technique prior to complex coacervation using gelatin and gum arabic to diminish the instability of their anthocyanins (ancs) as water soluble compounds, particularly under harsh processing and storage conditions. subsequently, optical microscopy, moisture, h ... | 2018 | 29030181 |
| probabilistic dietary exposure to ethyl carbamate from fermented foods and alcoholic beverages in the korean population. | the occurrence of ethyl carbamate was investigated in fermented foods and alcoholic beverages of the korean total diet study. the concentrations of ethyl carbamate ranged from not detected to 166.5 μg kg-1. dietary exposure to ethyl carbamate was estimated by the probabilistic method. estimated intakes of ethyl carbamate from foods and alcoholic beverages were 4.12 ng kg-1 body weight (bw) per day for average consumers and 12.37 ng kg-1 bw/day for 95th percentile high consumers. the major foods ... | 2017 | 28783003 |
| extraction and purification of polyphenols from freeze-dried berry powder for the treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. | epidemiological studies indicate that increased flavonoid intake correlates with decreased mortality due to cardiovascular diseases (cvd) in the united states (us) and europe. berries are widely consumed in the us and have a high polyphenolic content. polyphenols have been shown to interact with many molecular targets and to exert numerous positive biological functions, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. polyphenols isolated from blackberry (bl), raspberry (r ... | 2017 | 28715389 |
| integration of traditional and metabolomics biomarkers identifies prognostic metabolites for predicting responsiveness to nutritional intervention against oxidative stress and inflammation. | various statistical approaches can be applied to integrate traditional and omics biomarkers, allowing the discovery of prognostic markers to classify subjects into poor and good prognosis groups in terms of responses to nutritional interventions. here, we performed a prototype study to identify metabolites that predict responses to an intervention against oxidative stress and inflammation, using a data set from a randomized controlled trial evaluating korean black raspberry (kbr) in sedentary ov ... | 2017 | 28273855 |
| metabolic effects of berries with structurally diverse anthocyanins. | overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. the present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on develop ... | 2017 | 28212306 |
| rubus occidentalis analgesic effect in a rat model of incisional pain. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the analgesic effect of rubus occidentalis extract (roe) in a rat model of incisional pain. the involved mechanisms and proinflammatory cytokine response were also examined. | 2016 | 27916366 |
| restoration of declined immune responses and hyperlipidemia by rubus occidenalis in diet-induced obese mice. | hyperlipidemia, which is closely associated with a fatty diet and aging, is commonly observed in the western and aged society. therefore, a novel therapeutic approach for this disease is critical, and an immunological view has been suggested as a novel strategy, because hyperlipidemia is closely associated with inflammation and immune dysfunction. in this study, the effects of an aqueous extract of rubus occidentalis (ro) in obese mice were investigated using immunological indexes. the mice were ... | 2017 | 27737523 |
| black raspberries in cancer clinical trials: past, present and future. | black raspberries (brb) inhibit a broad range of cancers in preclinical models, including in vivo models of oral, esophageal, colon, breast and skin cancer. promising preclinical results have led to clinical evaluations in cancer patients or patients at increased risk for cancer development. | 2017 | 27594930 |
| interventions for treating oral leukoplakia to prevent oral cancer. | oral leukoplakia is a relatively common oral lesion that, in a small proportion of people, precedes the development of oral cancer. most leukoplakias are asymptomatic; therefore, the primary objective of treatment should be to prevent onset of cancer. this review updates our previous review, published in 2006. | 2016 | 27471845 |
| rubus occidentalis alleviates hyperalgesia induced by repeated intramuscular injection of acidic saline in rats. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of black raspberry (rubus occidentalis) fruit extract (roe) in a rat model of chronic muscle pain and examine the mechanisms involved. | 2016 | 27400712 |
| urolithin a suppresses the proliferation of endometrial cancer cells by mediating estrogen receptor-α-dependent gene expression. | obese and overweight women are at high risk of developing endometrial cancer; indeed, many of endometrial cancer patients are obese. the increased number and size of adipocytes due to obesity elevate levels of circulating estrogens that stimulate cell proliferation in the endometrium. however, black raspberries are a promising approach to preventing endometrial cancer. | 2016 | 27342949 |
| effect of rubus occidentalis extract on metabolic parameters in subjects with prediabetes: a proof-of-concept, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. | rubus occidentalis (ro) has beneficial effects on glucose and lipid profiles in vitro. the aim of the study was to investigate ro extract effect on metabolic parameters in prediabetic patients, adopting a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. forty-four patients (age 59.0 ± 8.2 years, 70.5% females, hba1c 5.8 ± 0.4%) were divided into placebo (n = 13), low-dose ro extract (lre; n = 14), or high-dose ro extract (hre; n = 17) groups. either 900 or 1800 mg per day of ro extra ... | 2016 | 27279471 |
| effects of black raspberry extract and protocatechuic acid on carcinogen-dna adducts and mutagenesis, and oxidative stress in rat and human oral cells. | effects of black raspberry (brb) extract and protocatechuic acid (pca) on dna adduct formation and mutagenesis induced by metabolites of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (dbp) were investigated in rat oral fibroblasts. the dbp metabolites, (±)-anti-11,12-dihydroxy-11,12,-dihydrodibenzo[a,l]pyrene (dbp-diol) and 11,12-dihydroxy-13,14-epoxy-11,12,13,14-tetrahydrodibenzo[a,l]pyrene (dbpde) induced dose-dependent dna adducts and mutations. dbpde was considerably more potent, whereas the parent compound had no sig ... | 2016 | 27267891 |