| characterization of its2 rdna of anopheles philippinensis and anopheles nivipes (diptera: culicidae) from north-east india. | anopheles (cellia) philippinensis ludlow and anopheles (cellia) nivipes (theobald) are two closely related, morphologically very similar, mosquito species in the annularis group, which play a supportive role in malaria transmission in north-east india. we amplified and performed sequence analysis for the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) locus of ribosomal dna (rdna) gene of morphologically confirmed specimens of these two species from the states of assam and nagaland. an. philippinensis and ... | 2006 | 17333766 |
| molecular evidence for the involvement of anopheles nivipes (diptera: culicidae) in the transmission of plasmodium falciparum in north-eastern india. | the anopheles philippinensis and an. nivipes mosquitoes that form part of the an. annularis species group are morphologically very similar and difficult to differentiate as adults. in consequence, researchers generally refer to all field-collected individuals of these species simply as the an. philippinensis-nivipes species complex. although this species complex is understood to play a role in the transmission of parasites causing human malaria in north-eastern india, the identity of the exact s ... | 2010 | 20659394 |
| an assessment of early diagnosis and treatment of malaria by village health volunteers in the lao pdr. | early diagnosis and treatment (edat) is crucial to reducing the burden of malaria in low-income countries. in the lao pdr, this strategy was introduced in 2004-2005 and an assessment was performed at the community level in january 2007. | 2010 | 21122128 |
| review of insecticide resistance and behavioral avoidance of vectors of human diseases in thailand. | physiological resistance and behavioral responses of mosquito vectors to insecticides are critical aspects of the chemical-based disease control equation. the complex interaction between lethal, sub-lethal and excitation/repellent ('excito-repellent') properties of chemicals is typically overlooked in vector management and control programs. the development of "physiological" resistance, metabolic and/or target site modifications, to insecticides has been well documented in many insect groups and ... | 2013 | 24294938 |
| field evaluation of picaridin repellents reveals differences in repellent sensitivity between southeast asian vectors of malaria and arboviruses. | scaling up of insecticide treated nets has contributed to a substantial malaria decline. however, some malaria vectors, and most arbovirus vectors, bite outdoors and in the early evening. therefore, topically applied insect repellents may provide crucial additional protection against mosquito-borne pathogens. among topical repellents, deet is the most commonly used, followed by others such as picaridin. the protective efficacy of two formulated picaridin repellents against mosquito bites, includ ... | 2014 | 25522134 |
| species composition, seasonal occurrence, habitat preference and altitudinal distribution of malaria and other disease vectors in eastern nepal. | it is increasingly recognized that climate change can alter the geographical distribution of vector-borne diseases (vbds) with shifts of disease vectors to higher altitudes and latitudes. in particular, an increasing risk of malaria and dengue fever epidemics in tropical highlands and temperate regions has been predicted in different climate change scenarios. the aim of this paper is to expand the current knowledge on the seasonal occurrence and altitudinal distribution of malaria and other dise ... | 2014 | 25430654 |
| genetic compatibility between anopheles lesteri from korea and anopheles paraliae from thailand. | to assess differentiation and relationships between anopheles lesteri and anopheles paraliae we established three and five iso-female lines of an. lesteri from korea and an. paraliae from thailand, respectively. these isolines were used to investigate the genetic relationships between the two taxa by crossing experiments and by comparing dna sequences of ribosomal dna second internal transcribed spacer (its2) and mitochondrial dna cytochrome c oxidase subunit i (coi) and subunit ii (coii). resul ... | 0 | 23778670 |
| cow-baited tents are highly effective in sampling diverse anopheles malaria vectors in cambodia. | the accurate monitoring and evaluation of malaria vectors requires efficient sampling. the objective of this study was to compare methods for sampling outdoor-biting anopheles mosquitoes in cambodia. | 2016 | 27577697 |
| role of underappreciated vectors in malaria transmission in an endemic region of bangladesh-india border. | despite the efforts of the national malaria control programme, malaria remains as an important public health problem in bangladesh, particularly in the south-eastern region bordering india. successful malaria control strategies rely on a detailed understanding of the underlying causes of malaria transmission. here, an entomological survey was conducted in a malaria endemic area of bangladesh bordering india to investigate the anopheles mosquito community and assess their plasmodium infection sta ... | 2015 | 25889228 |
| entomological determinants of insecticide-treated bed net effectiveness in western myanmar. | in a large cluster randomized control trial of insecticide-treated bed nets (itn) in western myanmar the malaria protective effect of itn was found to be highly variable and, in aggregate, the effect was not statistically significant. a coincident entomological investigation measured malaria vector abundance and biting behaviour and the human population sleeping habits, factors relevant to itn effectiveness. | 2013 | 24119994 |
| malaria in south asia: prevalence and control. | the "malaria evolution in south asia" (mesa) program project is an international center of excellence for malaria research (icemr) sponsored by the us national institutes of health. this us-india collaborative program will study the origin of genetic diversity of malaria parasites and their selection on the indian subcontinent. this knowledge should contribute to a better understanding of unexpected disease outbreaks and unpredictable disease presentations from plasmodium falciparum and plasmodi ... | 2012 | 22248528 |
| absence of asymptomatic malaria in a cohort of 133 individuals in a malaria endemic area of assam, india. | malaria in northeast india affects children and adults annually. the number of malaria cases reported has declined over the past few years. nevertheless, it is not clear whether there is an actual decline in parasitaemia or whether asymptomatic malaria infections are on the rise, especially in forested and forest-fringed areas. asymptomatic malaria forms a parasite reservoir that acts as an epicentre for malaria spread during high-transmission season. therefore it is important to understand the ... | 2015 | 26384971 |
| cytotaxonomic evidence for the presence of anopheles nivipes in india. | anopheles philippinensis mosquitoes were collected from 5 states in india: assam, meghalaya, arunachal pradesh, manipur, and nagaland. half-gravid females were examined for variations in wing venation using the presector dark mark on vein i and polytene chromosomes derived from ovarian nurse cells. polytene chromosomes were examined for diagnostic inversions, t on chromosome arm 2 and i on arm 5. based on wing characteristics, both an. philippinensis and an. nivipes were identified. polytene chr ... | 2000 | 10901629 |
| sequence heterogeneity in copia-like retrotransposons in anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in thailand. | degenerate primers and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detected a conserved region of copia-like reverse transcriptase from anopheles mosquitoes in thailand. a total of 43 subclone pcr fragments of the size expected for reverse transcriptase of copia-like elements was isolated from anopheles dirus (peyton & harrison) subspecies a, anopheles maculatus (theobald) subspecies e, anopheles nivipes (theobald), and anopheles subpictus grassi. sequence analysis of subclones confirmed the identity of ... | 1998 | 9775607 |
| cytogenetic studies of some species complexes of anopheles in thailand and southeast asia. | recent studies on cytogenetics, behavioral, geographical and distinct morphological characters on adult, pupal and larval stages have revealed that "balabacensis" is a species complex. anopheles dirus the mainland species, is distributed widely in thailand and is renowned for its role as primary vector of human malarial parasites. further, evidence from cytogenetic and taxonomic studies suggests that "an. dirus" is a species complex comprising at least four distinct species provisionally designa ... | 1984 | 6543543 |
| status of insecticide resistance in anopheles mosquitoes in ubon ratchathani province, northeastern thailand. | malaria is common in hilly, forested areas along national borders in southeast asia. insecticide resistance in malaria vectors has been detected in a few countries in the greater mekong sub-region (gms), representing a threat to malaria control and prevention. this study aims to determine the insecticide resistance status of anopheles mosquitoes in ubon ratchathani province, northeastern thailand, where increasing number of malaria cases were reported recently. | 2017 | 28743278 |
| natural plasmodium vivax infections in anopheles mosquitoes in a malaria endemic area of northeastern thailand. | there was recently an outbreak of malaria in ubon ratchathani province, northeastern thailand. in the absence of information on malaria vector transmission dynamics, this study aimed to identify the anopheline vectors and their role in malaria transmission. adult female anopheles mosquitoes were collected monthly by human-landing catch in na chaluai district of ubon ratchathani province during january 2014-december 2015. field-captured mosquitoes were identified to species using morphology-based ... | 2017 | 29082435 |
| spatial distribution and molecular characterization of anopheles nivipes and anopheles philippinensis (diptera: culicidae) in north-east india. | anopheles philippinensis-nivipes species of mosquitoes are considered secondary malaria vectors in the north-east india. however, difficulty in separating an. philippinensis and an. nivipes accurately on the basis of morphological identification, due to the overlapping female wing characters, has led to the paucity of information on their spatial distribution and vectorial importance, essential for understanding malaria disease epidemiology in areas under their influence. in view of this a study ... | 2012 | 22374100 |
| mitochondrial dna-based genetic diversity of anopheles nivipes in north east india. | malaria is a major public health problem in north-east india mainly transmitted by anopheles baimai and an. minimus while anopheles nivipes plays an important supportive role. the genetic diversity of an. nivipes in north-east india was investigated by employing two mitochondrial dna markers namely nadh dehydrogenase 5 (nd5) and cytochrome oxidase sub unit ii (coii). high genetic diversity in an. nivipes was observed by the detection of 16 haplotypes among 30 sequences of nd5 gene and 29 haploty ... | 2016 | 25812055 |
| molecular identification of mosquito species in the anopheles annularis group in southern asia. | the anopheles annularis group of subgenus cellia theobald (diptera: culicidae) includes five currently recognized species in southern asia: an. annularis van der wulp, anopheles nivipes (theobald) and anopheles philippinensis ludlow, which are widespread in the region, anopheles pallidus theobald, which is known in sri lanka, india and myanmar, and anopheles schueffneri stanton, which occurs in java and sumatra. identification of the four mainland species based on morphology is problematic. in v ... | 2007 | 17373944 |
| geographic information system (gis) maps and malaria control monitoring: intervention coverage and health outcome in distal villages of khammouane province, laos. | insecticide-treated nets (itns) are a key intervention to control malaria. the intervention coverage varies as a consequence of geographical accessibility to remote villages and limitations of financial and human resources for the intervention. people's adherence to the intervention, i.e., proper use of itns, also affects malaria health outcome. the study objective is to explore the impact of the intervention coverage and people's adherence to the intervention on malaria health outcome among tar ... | 2009 | 19772628 |