| characterization of a new calicivirus isolated from feces of a dog. | canine calicivirus (cacv), isolated from feces of a dog with diarrhea, was readily propagated in cultures of canine cells and in a dolphin cell line. serologic evidence indicated many dogs in at least one geographic area had been infected with cacv, but its role as an etiologic agent of disease was not established. in cell culture most cacv virions were strongly cell-associated making purification difficult. cacv was established as a member of the caliciviridae by morphology and physicochemical ... | 1985 | 2986576 |
| familial canine dermatomyositis: clinicopathologic, immunologic, and serologic studies. | laboratory studies were performed on 3 collies with familial canine dermatomyositis, 6 progeny from a breeding of 2 of the collies (incross litter), and 4 progeny from the breeding of an affected collie male and a normal labrador retriever (outcross litter). hematologic abnormalities were leukogram changes consistent with inflammation, and, in 2 severely affected incross dogs, anemia of inflammatory disease. serum muscle enzyme activities were not markedly increased. high concentrations of immun ... | 1985 | 3901838 |
| isolation of a calicivirus antigenically related to feline caliciviruses from feces of a dog with diarrhea. | a cpe-producing agent was recovered in feline cell cultures from feces of a male dog suffering from intermittent watery diarrhea. antigenic analysis of this isolate, sapporo/283, was performed using the plaque reduction neutralization and complement fixation assays and it was neutralized by antisera against feline calicivirus (fcv) but not against canine calicivirus (cacv). likewise, it showed common cf antigenicity with the other fcv strains included in the experiments. these findings revealed ... | 1996 | 8916011 |
| identification of canine calicivirus capsid protein and its immunoreactivity in western blotting. | a canine calicivirus (cacv) isolated in japan, designated as cacv no. 48 strain, was propagated in mdck cells and purified by cscl equilibrium gradient centrifugation. sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the purified samples revealed the presence of only one major species of viral protein of about 60 kilodaltons after coomassie staining. the same band, presumably that of the capsid protein, was detected by western blotting using a mouse hyperimmune serum. this c ... | 1997 | 9070980 |
| organization of the canine calicivirus genome from the rna polymerase gene to the poly(a) tail. | in recent years a wealth of data has become available about the caliciviruses that infect humans, as well as those which infect a range of animal species, notably cats, rabbits, pigs and marine animals. however, in the two decades since the earliest reports of calicivirus infection in dogs, very little has become known about the epidemiology, pathogenicity and molecular biology of the caliciviruses that may infect canines. in 1990, a canine calicivirus (cacv) was isolated from a 2-month-old diar ... | 1999 | 10211962 |
| genetic analysis of the rna polymerase gene of caliciviruses from dogs and cats. | caliciviruses that infect animals including humans cause a specific disease syndrome in their respective hosts. feline calicivirus (fcv) is a major pathogen of respiratory disease of cats, and human caliciviru is a causative agent of diarrhea. it has been suggested, furthermore, that fcv and newly recognized canine calicivirus (cacv) may also be possible causes of diarrhea in these animal species. in this study nucleotide sequence of the rna polymerase gene of two caliciviruses of canine origin, ... | 1999 | 10423680 |
| genetic analysis of a canine calicivirus: evidence for a new clade of animal caliciviruses. | this paper describes the relationship of a canine calicivirus, named no.48, to other human and animal caliciviruses, based on phylogeny of the 3' half of its genome. it was found that no.48 constitutes a unique lineage, most closely related but distinct from feline and san miguel sea lion caliciviruses. | 1999 | 10515273 |
| expression and processing of the canine calicivirus capsid precursor. | the orf2 product of canine calicivirus (cacv) was identified and its processing in mammalian cells was analysed. immunoblot analysis revealed the presence of the 75 kda capsid precursor in addition to a 57 kda capsid protein and a 22 kda n-terminal polypeptide in cacv-infected cells treated at an elevated temperature. when the cacv orf2 was expressed in a transient mammalian expression system, only the 75 kda precursor was detected in immunoblot analysis, suggesting that no post-translational pr ... | 2000 | 10640558 |
| identification of conformational neutralizing epitopes on the capsid protein of canine calicivirus. | two neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against canine calicivirus (cacv), which has a distinct antigenicity from feline calicivirus (fcv), were obtained. both mabs recognized conformational epitopes on the capsid protein of cacv and were used to identify these epitopes. neutralization-resistant variants of cacv were selected in the presence of individual mabs in a cell culture. cross-neutralization tests using the variants indicated that the mabs recognized functionally independent epitop ... | 2001 | 11413381 |
| early interaction of canine calicivirus with cells is the major determinant for its cell tropism in vitro. | canine calicivirus (cacv) no. 48 strain isolated from a dog with fatal diarrhea is known to be able to replicate in mdck and primary dog kidney cells. in this study, two new canine cell lines, mcm-b2 and mca-b1, were determined to be permissive for cacv no. 48, whereas other cell lines, including one canine cell line, a-72, were non-permissive. flow cytometric analysis indicated that cacv no. 48 binds efficiently to the permissive cells and to some degree also to vero cells that are non-permissi ... | 2002 | 12069767 |
| molecular and seroepidemiological evidence of canine calicivirus infections in japan. | calicivirus infection of dogs was epidemiologically investigated by using canine calicivirus (cacv) strain 48 as a reference. similar rna polymerase gene sequences and neutralizing antibodies against cacv were detected in 1.7% of clinical specimens and 57% of serum samples, respectively, suggesting a high prevalence of cacv in dog populations. | 2002 | 12089292 |
| complete nucleotide sequence, genome organization and phylogenic analysis of the canine calicivirus. | the complete genomic sequence of canine calicivirus (cacv) isolated from feces of a dog with diarrhea was determined. the cacv genome, a positive-sense single-stranded rna, contained 8513 nucleotides excluding the poly(a) tail and was longer than that of any other calicivirus strain with a completely known sequence. there were three open reading frames (orf1, nt 12-5801; orf2, nt 5805-7880; and orf3, nt 7877-8278). orf1 encoded a polyprotein (calculated mr of 214,802) which had the conserved mot ... | 2002 | 12206310 |
| seroprevalence of canine calicivirus and canine minute virus in the republic of korea. | | 2003 | 12934799 |
| identification of a calicivirus isolate of unknown origin. | chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells manifesting striking cytopathogenic changes in culture were investigated to determine the causative agent. electron microscopic analyses revealed viral particles of about 40 nm in diameter, displaying typical calicivirus morphology. to date, this virus, designated isolate 2117, exclusively replicates in cho cells, achieving only moderate titres. after cloning, the coding region of 7928 nucleotides, the 3' non-coding region and the poly(a) tail were sequenced. th ... | 2003 | 13679618 |
| evaluation of a p30 gene-based real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of feline caliciviruses. | this report describes a feline calicivirus (fcv) p30 gene-based real-time sybr green i reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay that is capable of detecting low virus concentrations and a broad range of fcv isolates. the assay consisted of a 1-step rt-pcr reaction with primers delineating a 126-base-pair (bp) region of the fcv p30 gene. sensitivity of the rt-pcr assay was determined to be equivalent to a fcv titer of 1.2 x 10(1) to 1.2 x 10(2) tcid50/ml. the assay was linea ... | 2004 | 14765747 |
| inactivation of caliciviruses. | the viruses most commonly associated with food- and waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis are the noroviruses. the lack of a culture method for noroviruses warrants the use of cultivable model viruses to gain more insight on their transmission routes and inactivation methods. we studied the inactivation of the reported enteric canine calicivirus no. 48 (cacv) and the respiratory feline calicivirus f9 (fecv) and correlated inactivation to reduction in pcr units of fecv, cacv, and a norovirus. i ... | 2004 | 15294783 |
| calicivirus inactivation by nonionizing (253.7-nanometer-wavelength [uv]) and ionizing (gamma) radiation. | noroviruses (previously norwalk-like viruses) are the most common viral agents associated with food- and waterborne outbreaks of gastroenteritis. in the absence of culture methods for noroviruses, animal caliciviruses were used as model viruses to study inactivation by nonionizing (253.7-nm-wavelength [uv]) and ionizing (gamma) radiation. here, we studied the respiratory feline calicivirus (fecv) and the presumed enteric canine calicivirus (cacv) and compared them with the well-studied bacteriop ... | 2004 | 15345386 |
| real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay to detect a broad range of feline calicivirus isolates. | this report describes a real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay with sybr green targeting the vp2 (orf 3) of feline caliciviruses. all of the 44 feline calicivirus isolates tested were detected, whereas neither feline herpesvirus, feline panleukopenia virus, feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus nor other calicivirus like rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus and a canine calicivirus isolate showed specific amplification products. the sensitivity of ... | 2006 | 16266755 |
| detection of noroviruses in foods: a study on virus extraction procedures in foods implicated in outbreaks of human gastroenteritis. | disease outbreaks in which foods are epidemiologically implicated as the common source are frequently reported. noroviruses and enteric hepatitis a viruses are among the most prevalent causative agents of foodborne diseases. however, the detection of these viruses in foods other than shellfish is often time-consuming and unsuccessful. in this study, three virus concentration methods were compared: polyethylene glycol (peg) plus nacl, ultracentrifugation, and ultrafiltration. two rna extraction m ... | 2006 | 16924922 |
| survival of mycobacterium avium, legionella pneumophila, escherichia coli, and caliciviruses in drinking water-associated biofilms grown under high-shear turbulent flow. | most of the bacteria in drinking water distribution systems are associated with biofilms. in biofilms, their nutrient supply is better than in water, and biofilms can provide shelter against disinfection. we used a propella biofilm reactor for studying the survival of mycobacterium avium, legionella pneumophila, escherichia coli, and canine calicivirus (cacv) (as a surrogate for human norovirus) in drinking water biofilms grown under high-shear turbulent-flow conditions. the numbers of m. avium ... | 2007 | 17337541 |
| potential internalisation of caliciviruses in lettuce. | fresh produce such as lettuce (lactuca sativa) has often been linked to epidemic viral gastroenteritis. in these cases, it is unknown whether the viral contamination has occurred during the growing or the processing of the implicated product. in this study lettuce was grown in the presence of enteric viruses, and the uptake of viruses via the roots into the edible parts (leaves and stem) of the lettuce plants was investigated, for plants with both intact and damaged roots. the roots of lettuce, ... | 2009 | 19720414 |