| [characteristics of the genus glugea (protozoa, microsporidia) based on the example of the type species glugea anomala (moniez, 1887) gurley 1893 and its varieties]. | a study of the life cycles of some varieties of glugea anomala has shown that the genus glugea is a distinct genus having the following diagnosis. sporoblasts and spores are formed as a result of step by step decay of the multinuclear plasmodium situated inside the sporogonal vacuole (sporont). ripe spores either remain connected together in groups with irregular (6 to 32) often uneven number of spores of lie singly, seldom in pairs. microsporidia are able to cause extremely strong hypertrophy o ... | 1976 | 989168 |
| transmission electron microscopic studies on the effects of toltrazuril on glugea anomala, moniez, 1887 (microsporidia) infecting the three-spined stickleback gasterosteus aculeatus. | a symmetric triazinone, toltrazuril, was tested in vivo against glugea anomala parasitizing the connective tissue of sticklebacks (gasterosteus aculeatus). naturally infected sticklebacks were incubated in toltrazuril-containing water as intermittent therapy (3 x 2 micrograms/ml for 6 h at 3-day intervals or 3 x 2 micrograms/ml for 24 h at 2-day intervals). as seen at the ultrastructural level, the drug caused severe damage to all developmental stages of g. anomala. when treatment was carried ou ... | 1990 | 2251246 |
| effects of an asymmetric triazine derivative, hoe 092 v, on glugea anomala, moniez, 1887 (microsporidia) parasitic in the three-spined stickleback gasterosteus aculeatus. | an asymmetric triazine derivative, hoe 092 v,2-[3,5-alpha-dichloro-4-(4-methyl-sulfonylphenoxy)-phenyl]- 1-methyl-hexahydro-1,2,4-triazine-3,5-dion, was tested in vivo against glugea anomala parasitizing the connective tissue of sticklebacks (gasterosteus aculeatus). naturally infected sticklebacks were incubated in 10-1 plastic aquaria in water containing 0, 2.5, 5, and 10 micrograms hoe 092 v/ml for 2, 3, and 4 h at 22 degrees c. as seen at the ultrastructural level, the drug caused severe dam ... | 1996 | 8801554 |
| identification and phylogenetic relationships of microsporidia by riboprinting. | the ssurdna and the its of different microsporidia from eight fishes, four insects and a shrimp were amplified and digested with restriction enzymes. the generated riboprints suggest a close evolutionary relationship between glugea americanus and spraguea lophii suggesting that glugea americanus should be renamed spraguea americanus and that the tissue infected and host origin should be considered of greater taxonomic importance for defining a genus than previously considered. phylogenetic analy ... | 1997 | 9435126 |
| treatment of fish parasites. 11. effects of different benzimidazole derivatives (albendazole, mebendazole, fenbendazole) on glugea anomala, moniez, 1887 (microsporidia): ultrastructural aspects and efficacy studies. | three different benzimidazole derivatives, albendazole [methyl-5-(propylthio)-2-benzimidazolcarbamate], mebendazole (methyl-5-benzoyl-2-benzimidazolcarbamatic acid methyl ester), and fenbendazole [methyl-5-(phenylthio)-2-benzimidazolcarbamate] were tested in vivo against glugea anomala parasitizing the connective tissue of sticklebacks (gasterosteus aculeatus). naturally infected sticklebacks were incubated in aerated plastic aquaria (10 1) at 22 degrees c in water containing 0, 1, 5, 10, or 50 ... | 1998 | 9491425 |
| molecular phylogeny of microsporidians with particular reference to species that infect the muscles of fish. | ribosomal dna from eight species of microsporidians infecting fish have been sequenced. seven of these species infect the skeletal muscle of fish (pleistophora spp.) and one species infects migratory mesenchyma cells (glugea anomala). these sequences, in addition to other available microsporidian rdna sequences from a broad range of host taxa, have been used in phylogenetic analysis. this analysis revealed that muscle-infecting microsporidians from fish are a polyphyletic group, indicating that ... | 1998 | 9783455 |
| ribosomal dna sequences of glugea anomala, g. stephani, g. americanus and spraguea lophii (microsporidia): phylogenetic reconstruction. | the microsporidian species glugea anomala, g. stephani, g. americanus and spraguea lophii were compared by using sequence data derived from their small subunit rdna genes which were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and directly sequenced. these sequence data and published data of g. atherinae were analyzed and were used to infer a phylogenetic tree. the 5 microsporidian fish parasites appeared to be closely related. the higher sequence similarities demonstrated among g. anomala, g. stephan ... | 2000 | 10782346 |
| major histocompatibility complex diversity influences parasite resistance and innate immunity in sticklebacks. | proteins of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) play a central role in the presentation of antigens to the adaptive immune system. the mhc also influences the odour-based choice of mates in humans and several animal taxa. it has recently been shown that female three-spined sticklebacks (gasterosteus aculeatus) aim at a moderately high mhc diversity in their offspring when choosing a mate. do they optimize the immune systems of their offspring? using three-spined sticklebacks that varied i ... | 2004 | 15058398 |
| immunohistochemistry, histopathology and ultrastructure of gasterosteus aculeatus tissues infected with glugea anomala. | immunohistochemical and histopathological studies were conducted on a population of 3-spined sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus (l.) from loch airthrey (stirling, scotland) naturally infected with the microsporean glugea anomala (moniez 1887). of the 55 host specimens that were examined, 16 (29.09%) were infected, the intensity of infection ranging from 1 to 4 xenomas per fish, which were principally located within the central portion of the body lateral flank musculature. all 32 g. anomala xen ... | 2004 | 15109142 |
| parasitofauna of the nine-spined stickleback from the gulf of gdańsk and the mouth of dead vistula. | four species, one subspecies and one parasite marked to the genus were collected from the nine-spined stickleback pungitius pungitius l. from the gulf of gdańsk and the mouth of dead vistula. nine-spined stickleback was noted as a new host in polish coastal water for five parasites: glugea anomala (microsporidia), diplostomum spathaceum (digenea-metacercariae) and apatemon sp. (digenea-incysted metacercariae), hysterothylacium aduncum (nematoda-third stage larvae) and thersitina gasterostci (cop ... | 2000 | 16886342 |
| seasonal variation of parasite infection of three-spined stickleback (gasterosteus aculeatus l.) in the southern baltic. | seasonal changes of infection were observed in the case of some species of ectoparasites: trichodina domerguei domerguei, t. tenuidens, gyrodactylus arcuatus, and thersitina gasterostei, as well as for endoparasites: glugea anomala, schistocephalus solidus, diphyllobothrium ditremum, and proteocephalus filicollis. same seasonal changes in frequency of developmental stages were observed in the case of females t. gasterostei. the highest level of infection with ectoparasites was observed in spring ... | 2002 | 16894719 |
| spores of two fish microsporidia (pseudoloma neurophilia and glugea anomala) are highly resistant to chlorine. | pseudoloma neurophilia (microsporidia) is the most common pathogen found in zebrafish danio rerio research facilities. the parasite is associated with marked emaciation. zebrafish laboratories usually disinfect eggs to prevent transmission of pathogens, typically with chlorine at 25 to 50 ppm for 10 min. the ability of chlorine to kill spores of p. neurophilia and 2 other microsporidia, glugea anomala and encephalitozoon cuniculi, was evaluated using 2 viability stains. sytox green was used to v ... | 2007 | 17803106 |
| Luna stain, an improved selective stain for detection of microsporidian spores in histologic sections. | Microsporidia in histologic sections are most often diagnosed by observing spores in host tissues. Spores are easy to identify if they occur in large aggregates or xenomas when sections are stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). However, individual spores are not frequently detected in host tissues with conventional H&E staining, particularly if spores are scattered within the tissues, areas of inflammation, or small spores in nuclei (i.e. Nucleospora salmonis). Hence, a variety of selective ... | 2011 | 21848126 |
| treatment of fish parasites: 6. effects of sym. triazinone (toltrazuril) on developmental stages of glugea anomala, moniez, 1887 (microsporidia): a light and electron microscopic study. | a symmetric triazinone (toltrazuril) was tested in vivo against glugea anomala parasitizing the connective tissue of sticklebacks (gasterosteus aculeatus). naturally infected sticklebacks were incubated in water containing 0, 5, 10 or 20 μg toltrazuril/ml or in pure solvent (4 ml/1000 ml water). in addition, treatment was done by intermittent therapy (6 × 5 or 20 μg/ml for 4 or 1 h, respectively, in two days intervals). after single treatment the drug caused significant damages on uni- or multin ... | 2011 | 23195661 |
| demonstrated efficacy of a pilot heterologous whole-spore vaccine against microsporidial gill disease in rainbow trout. | intraperitoneal vaccines using whole viable spores of the microsporidian glugea anomala or glugea hertwigi reduced the numbers of branchial xenomas by 80% and 91%, respectively, after a standard experimental infection of juvenile rainbow trout with the microsporidian loma salmonae. similar significant results were obtained when killed-spore preparations were used. | 2013 | 23825192 |