| identification and molecular properties of a 306 nucleotide viroid associated with apple dimple fruit disease. | a new viroid associated with an apple fruit disorder similar to, but more severe than, the dapple apple disease induced in some varieties by apple scar skin viroid (assvd) has been found. the new viroid, tentatively termed apple dimple fruit viroid (adfvd), is a circular rna of 306 nucleotides which adopts a quasi-rod-like conformation of minimum free energy. it contains the core nucleotides of the central conserved region (ccr) of the assvd group as well as the terminal conserved region (tcr) p ... | 1996 | 8922478 |
| characterization of a new citrus viroid species tentatively termed citrus viroid os. | a new viroid was obtained from a viroid sample, named 'os', collected from a citrus plant. the viroid consists of 330-331 nucleotides, contains the central conserved region (ccr) characteristic of the genus apscaviroid, and has the highest sequence similarity (only 68%) with citrus iii viroid (cvd-iii) among known viroids. this viroid, by itself, caused only mild petiole necrosis and characteristically very mild leaf bending in arizona 861-s1 etrog citrons (citrus medica l.), the degree of which ... | 2001 | 11448034 |
| a novel multiplex rt-pcr probe capture hybridization (rt-pcr-elisa) for simultaneous detection of six viroids in four genera: apscaviroid, hostuviroid, pelamoviroid, and pospiviroid. | a rapid and sensitive assay was developed for the detection and identification of viroids by standard or multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr)-probe capture hybridization (rt-pcr-elisa). the assay was applied successfully for the detection and identification of the following six viroid species from infected tissues: potato spindle tuber viroid (pospiviroid), peach latent mosaic viroid (pelamoviroid), apple scar skin viroid (apscaviroid), apple dimple fruit viroid (ap ... | 2002 | 12176148 |
| development of a one tube-one step rt-pcr protocol for the detection of seven viroids in four genera: apscaviroid, hostuviroid, pelamoviroid and pospiviroid. | a one tube-one step rt-pcr was developed for the detection of seven viroids (apple scar skin viroid, apple dimple fruit viroid, pear blister canker viroid, hop stunt viroid, chrysanthemum stunt viroid, citrus exocortis viroid and peach latent mosaic viroid) in four genera that infect eight plant species. the efficiency and specificity of this method were optimized by the use of moloney-murine leukemia virus (m-mlv) reverse-transcriptase and hotstartaq dna polymerase which allowed increase sensit ... | 2004 | 15350729 |
| a multiple rt-pcr assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of latent viruses and apscarviroids in apple trees. | apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (aclsv), apple stem grooving virus (asgv), and apple stem pitting virus (aspv) are three latent viruses frequently occurring in apple trees worldwide. in field orchards, these viruses are frequently found in a mixed infection with viroids in the genus apscarviroid, including apple scar skin viroid, and apple dimple fruit viroid. together these viruses and viroids could cause serious damage to apple fruit production worldwide. rapid and efficient detection methods ... | 2016 | 27054889 |
| identification and characterization of a viroid resembling apple dimple fruit viroid in fig (ficus carica l.) by next generation sequencing of small rnas. | viroids are small (246-401 nt) circular and non coding rnas infecting higher plants. they are targeted by host dicer-like enzymes (dcls) that generate small rnas of 21-24 nt (srnas), which are involved in the host rna silencing pathways. the accumulation in plant tissues of such viroid-derived small rnas (vd-srnas) is a clear sign of an ongoing viroid infection. in this study, next generation sequencing of a srnas library and assembling of the sequenced vd-srnas were instrumental for the identif ... | 2014 | 24704673 |
| characterization of a new apscaviroid from american persimmon. | a unique circular molecule of 358 nucleotides was detected in american persimmon (diospyros virginiana l.). the molecule was graft-transmissible and had genetic characteristics of members of the genus apscaviroid. it had the highest sequence similarity (72-73 %) to citrus viroid vi (cvd-vi) and formed a clade with cvd-vi, citrus dwarfing viroid, and apple dimple fruit viroid in a phylogenetic tree. the molecule was not detected in citrus, unlike cvd-vi, which infects citrus and persimmon, and it ... | 2013 | 23827974 |