| biosynthesis of geraniol and nerol and beta-d-glucosides in pelargonium graveolens and rosa dilecta. | 1. 3r-[2-(14)c]mevalonate was incorporated into geranyl and neryl beta-d-glucosides in petals of rosa dilecta in up to 10.6% yield, and the terpenoid part was specifically and equivalently labelled in the moieties derived from isopentenyl pyrophosphate and 3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate. a similar labelling pattern, with incorporations of 0.06-0.1% was found for geraniol or nerol formed in leaves of pelargonium graveolens the former results provide the best available evidence for the mevalonoid ... | 1972 | 4348258 |
| antimicrobial agents from plants: antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils. | the volatile oils of black pepper [piper nigrum l. (piperaceae)], clove [syzygium aromaticum (l.) merr. & perry (myrtaceae)], geranium [pelargonium graveolens l'herit (geraniaceae)], nutmeg [myristica fragrans houtt. (myristicaceae), oregano [origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum (link) letsw. (lamiaceae)] and thyme [thymus vulgaris l. (lamiaceae)] were assessed for antibacterial activity against 25 different genera of bacteria. these included animal and plant pathogens, food poisoning and spoilage bacte ... | 2000 | 10736000 |
| an efficient in vitro procedure for micropropagation and generation of somaclones of rose scented pelargonium. | efficient protocols have been established for both direct and indirect regeneration of plants in pelargonium graveolens indian cultivar hemanti (algerian type). murashige and skoog's (ms) medium [t. murashige, f. skoog, a revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. physiol. plant. 15 (1962) 473-497] supplemented with 5.0 mg/l kinetin and 1.0 mg/l naa was optimal for direct regeneration of plants from leaf explants while 8.0 mg/l kinetin and 1.0 mg/l naa proved opt ... | 2000 | 10814816 |
| an appropriate method for extracting the insect repellent citronellol from an indigenous plant (pelargonium graveolens l'her) for potential use by resource-limited animal owners. | veterinary needs appraisals in rural, peri-urban and urban areas have indicated a need for affordable and accessible veterinary health care. it was also found that farmers and animal owners used indigenous plants for treating animals. in africa, insects such as culex, culicoides and stomoxys may transmit diseases, cause irritation to animals or prevent wound healing. insect repellents used topically are generally safer and cheaper than insecticides. using readily available commercial sources of ... | 2000 | 11030360 |
| characterization of geranium (pelargonium graveolens) chloroplast ef-tu cdna. | a geranium (pelargonium graveolens) chloroplast translational elongation factor ef-tu (tufa) cdna was isolated. the geranium tufa cdna is 1,584 bp long with 20 bp of 5' untranslated region (utr) and 139 bp of 3' utr. it encodes 474 amino acids including a putative chloroplast transit peptide of 65 amino acids. the deduced polypeptides of the geranium tufa cdna contains four gtp binding sequences in its n-terminal region and two chloroplast ef-tu signature regions in the c-terminal region. the pr ... | 2000 | 11101151 |
| anti-aspergillus activities of plant essential oils and their combination effects with ketoconazole or amphotericin b. | the essential oils from cedrus atlantica, styrax tonkinensis, juniperus communis, lavandula angustifolia, melaleuca alternifolia, pelargonium graveolens, pogesternon patchouli and rosmarinus officinalis were analyzed by gc-ms. antifungal activities of the oils were investigated by disk diffusion assay and the broth dilution method against aspergillus niger and a. flavus. the effects of geraniol and the essential oil fraction from p. graveolens on the antifungal activity of amphotericin b and ket ... | 2003 | 12785735 |
| geranium leaf assisted biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles. | development of biologically inspired experimental processes for the synthesis of nanoparticles is evolving into an important branch of nanotechnology. in this paper, we report on the use of geranium (pelargonium graveolens) leaf extract in the extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles. on treating aqueous silver nitrate solution with geranium leaf extract, rapid reduction of the silver ions is observed leading to the formation of highly stable, crystalline silver nanoparticles in solution. ... | 2003 | 14656132 |
| immobilization of biogenic gold nanoparticles in thermally evaporated fatty acid and amine thin films. | we have recently demonstrated the biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles by the reduction of aqueous chloroaurate ions by the fungus fusarium oxysporum and with extract of geranium (pelargonium graveolens) leaf. in this paper, we demonstrate the immobilization of biogenic gold nanoparticles in lipid thin films deposited by thermal evaporation. the charge on the gold nanoparticles synthesized by both the fungus and the geranium plant extract is used to facilitate their immobilization in both ... | 2004 | 15120279 |
| repellency of oils of lemon eucalyptus, geranium, and lavender and the mosquito repellent mygga natural to ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) in the laboratory and field. | mygga natural (bioglan, lund, sweden) is a commercially available repellent against blood-feeding arthropods. it contains 30% of lemon-scented eucalyptus, corymbia citriodora (hook.) k. d. hill & l. a. s. johnson (myrtaceae), oil with a minimum of 50% p-menthane-3,8-diol. mygga natural also contains small amounts of the essential oils of lavender, lavandula angustifolia mill. (lamiaceae), and geranium, pelargonium graveolens l'her. (geraniaceae). in laboratory bioassays, mygga natural and c. cit ... | 2006 | 16892632 |
| antibacterial effect of some essential oils administered alone or in combination with norfloxacin. | the objective of the present study was that of verifying a possible synergistic antibacterial effect between pelargonium graveolens [lis-balchin, m., deans, s.g., hart, s., 1996. bioactive geranium oils from different commercial sources. j. essential oil res. 8, 281-290.] essential oil (and its main components) and norfloxacin antibiotic. as a first step growth inhibition by some types of essential oils was assessed in five microbial species. the antimicrobial effects of p. graveolens oil, as we ... | 2007 | 17303397 |
| mite-control activities of active constituents isolated from pelargonium graveolens against house dust mites. | the mite-control activities of materials obtained from pelargonium graveolens oil against dermatophagoides farinae and d. pteronyssinus were examined using an impregnated fabric disk bioassay and were compared with those shown by commercial benzyl benzoate and n,n-diethylm- toluamide (deet). purification of the biologically active constituents from p. graveolens oil was done by silica gel chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography. the structures of the active components were anal ... | 2008 | 18955817 |
| laboratory evaluation of aromatic essential oils from thirteen plant species as candidate repellents against leptotrombidium chiggers (acari: trombiculidae), the vector of scrub typhus. | scrub typhus, a rickettsial disease transmitted by several species of leptotrombidium chiggers (larvae), is endemic in many areas of asia. the disease is best prevented by the use of personal protective measures, including repellents. in this study commercially produced aromatic, essential oils of 13 plant species and ethanol (control) were tested in the laboratory for repellency against host-seeking chiggers of leptotrombidium imphalum vercammen-grandjean and langston (acari: trombiculidae). a ... | 2009 | 19009361 |
| fumigant antitermitic activity of plant essential oils and components from ajowan ( trachyspermum ammi ), allspice ( pimenta dioica ), caraway ( carum carvi ), dill ( anethum graveolens ), geranium ( pelargonium graveolens ), and litsea ( litsea cubeba ) oils against japanese termite ( reticulitermes speratus kolbe). | plant essential oils from 26 plant species were tested for their insecticidal activities against the japanese termite, reticulitermes speratus kolbe, using a fumigation bioassay. responses varied with source, exposure time, and concentration. among the essential oils tested, strong insecticidal activity was observed with the essential oils of ajowan ( trachyspermum ammi ), allspice ( pimenta dioica ), caraway ( carum carvi ), dill ( anethum graveolens ), geranium ( pelargonium graveolens ), and ... | 2009 | 19722567 |
| in vitro synergistic antibacterial action of certain combinations of gentamicin and essential oils. | the aim of this study was to verify the existence of synergistic antibacterial effect between four essential oils (aniba rosaeodora, melaleuca alternifolia, origanum vulgare, and pelargonium graveolens) individually combined with the antibacterial drug gentamicin. we investigated the effectiveness in vitro of the association of essential oil/gentamicin, against fifteen different strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. the antibacterial effects of these oils in combination with genta ... | 2010 | 20666717 |
| patent literature on mosquito repellent inventions which contain plant essential oils--a review. | bites bites of mosquitoes belonging to the genera anopheles meigen, aedes meigen, culex l. and haemagogus l. are a general nuisance and are responsible for the transmission of important tropical diseases such as malaria, hemorrhagic dengue and yellow fevers and filariasis (elephantiasis). plants are traditional sources of mosquito repelling essential oils (eos), glyceridic oils and repellent and synergistic chemicals. a chemical abstracts search on mosquito repellent inventions containing plant- ... | 2011 | 21328177 |
| potentiation of antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin by pelargonium graveolens essential oil against selected uropathogens. | the recent approach of using herbs and antibiotics in combination constitutes a strategy to overcome the problems of resistance and side effects associated with conventional antibiotics. in the present study, the antimicrobial effect of pelargonium graveolens l' hér essential oil in combination with ciprofloxacin was evaluated on uropathogens, namely, klebsiella pneumoniae kt2, proteus mirabilis prt3 and staphylococcus aureus st2. minimum inhibitory concentrations of p. graveolens essential oil ... | 2011 | 21618302 |
| effects of a chinese medical herbs complex on cellular immunity and toxicity-related conditions of breast cancer patients. | rose geranium (pelargonium graveolens, geraniaceae) has anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties, and promotes wound healing. similarly, ganoderma tsugae (ganodermataceae), codonopsis pilosula (campanulaceae) and angelica sinensis (apiaceae) are traditional chinese herbs associated with immunomodulatory functions. in the present study, a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted to examine whether the chinese medicinal herb complex, rg-cmh, which represents a mixture o ... | 2011 | 21864416 |
| clinical evaluation of the essential oil of pelargonium graveolens for the treatment of denture stomatitis. | natural products are proved to play a good role as an alternative to synthetic chemicals in clinical conditions. previous studies showed that pelargonium graveolens has anti-inflammatory and antifungal activity against candida albicans. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of essential oil of pelargonium graveolens in the treatment of denture stomatitis. | 2011 | 23372587 |
| changes in growth, essential oil yield and composition of geranium (pelargonium graveolens l.) as affected by growing media. | using proper growing medium is known to be an effective way to improve crop growth and yield. however, the effects of growing media on geranium essential oil have scarcely ever been examined in detail. in this research, the effects of different growing media (soil, sand, pumice, perlite and perlite + cocopeat) on growth, oil yield and composition of geranium have been studied. | 2013 | 23913545 |
| in vitro effect of seven essential oils on the reproduction of the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus. | the acaricidal effect of seven essential oils was examined in vitro against the cattle tick (rhipicephalus microplus). engorged female ticks were manually collected in farms of southern brazil and placed into petri dishes (n = 10) in order to test the following oils: juniper (juniperus communis), palmarosa (cymbopogon martinii), cedar (cedrus atlantica), lemon grass (cymbopogon citratus), ginger (zingiber officinale), geranium (pelargonium graveolens) and bergamot (citrus aurantium var bergamia) ... | 2016 | 27857849 |
| stonebrood and chalkbrood in apis mellifera causing fungi: in vitro sensitivity to some essential oils. | aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antimycotic activity of 17 chemically defined essential oils (eos) both alone and as a mixture, against agents responsible for stonebrood caused by aspergillus flavus, and chalkbrood caused by ascosphaera apis in european honeybees. cinnamomum zeylanicum yielded the lowest mic value against a. flavus, but was not effective against a. apis, while litsea cubeba and pelargonium graveolens appeared to be effective against all checked fungi. asper ... | 2017 | 28326846 |
| microbe-based technology ameliorates glandular trichomes, secondary metabolites and antioxidants in pelargonium graveolens l'hér. | despite the vast exploration of microbes for plant health, there is a lack of knowledge about the synergistic effects of specific microorganisms in sustainable agriculture, especially in medicinal plants such as pelargonium graveolens l'hér. the aim of this study was to evaluate how synergistic microbes trichoderma harzianum thu, glomus intraradices and bacillus subtilis cim affected crop productivity, secondary metabolites and glandular trichome number in p. graveolens. | 2016 | 26762896 |
| anti-inflammatory effect of geranium nanoemulsion macrophages induced with soluble protein of candida albicans. | pelargonium graveolens is a member of the geraniaceae family and has been used in folk medicine in many countries because of its anti-inflammatory activity. no studies have yet been reported to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a nanoemulsion containing geranium oil (go) model in macrophages. in this study the anti-inflammatory effect of geranium nanoemulsion (neg) macrophages induced with soluble proteins of candida albicans was investigated. go presented citronellol (17.74%) and geran ... | 2017 | 28159662 |
| anti-candida activity assessment of pelargonium graveolens oil free and nanoemulsion in biofilm formation in hospital medical supplies. | infections due to microbial biofilm formation on the surface of catheters and other medical devices are constantly reported as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to hospitals. furthermore, sessile cells are more resistant to phagocytosis and most antimicrobial, which complicates the treatment of such infections. researches aimed at new antimicrobial originating mainly from plants have increased in recent years and the development of new strategies for their release is ... | 2016 | 27544324 |
| antifungal activity of plant-derived essential oils on candida tropicalis planktonic and biofilms cells. | dental prosthesis supports candida species growth and may predispose the oral cavity to lesions. c. tropicalis has emerged as a colonizer of prosthesis and has shown resistance to clinically used antifungal agents, which has increased the search for new antifungals. this work describes the effectiveness of fifteen essential oils (eos) against c. tropicalis the eos were obtained by hydrodistillation and were chemically characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the antifungal activiti ... | 2016 | 26868902 |
| developing eco-friendly biofungicide for the management of major seed borne diseases of rice and assessing their physical stability and storage life. | three plant oils (cymbopogon citratus, cymbopogon martini, and pelargonium graveolens) were developed as ec formulations and tested for their physical stabilities. ec formulations (10ec, 20ec and 30ec) of c. citratus, c. martini and p. graveolens had emulsion stability, spontaneity property, heat and cold stability. ec formulated plant oils were screened against the major seed borne fungi of rice such as curvularia lunata, fusarium moniliforme, bipolaris oryzae, and sarocladium oryzae. the level ... | 2017 | 28389086 |
| linalool affects the antimicrobial efficacy of essential oils. | the high concentrations of essential oils are generally required to receive microbial purity of the products (cosmetics, medicine). on the other hand, their application due to the high concentration of essential oils may be limited by changes in organoleptic and textural quality of the products, as well as they cause irritation and allergies in users. addition of linalool to essential oil may significantly enhance its antimicrobial effectiveness and reduce their concentrations in products, takin ... | 2016 | 26553262 |
| antibacterial activity and composition of essential oils from pelargonium graveolens l'her and vitex agnus-castus l. | essential oils are volatile compounds that have been used since middle ages as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, sedative, local anesthetic and food flavoring agents. in the current study, essential oils of pelargonium graveolens l'her and vitex agnus-castus l. were analyzed for their antibacterial activities. | 2012 | 23205247 |
| in vitro activity of twenty commercially available, plant-derived essential oils against selected dermatophyte species. | the in vitro activity of twenty chemically defined essential oils (eos) obtained from boswellia sacra, citrus bergamia, c. limon, c. medica, cinnamomum zeylanicum, eucalyptus globulus, foeniculum vulgare, helichrysum italicum, illicium verum, litsea cubeba, mentha spicata, myrtus communis, ocimum basilicum, origanum majorana, o. vulgare, pelargonium graveolens, rosmarinus officinalis, santalum album, satureja montana, and thymus serpyllum was assayed against clinical animal isolates of microspor ... | 2015 | 26434145 |
| susceptibility of microsporum canis arthrospores to a mixture of chemically defined essential oils: a perspective for environmental decontamination. | the zoophilic dermatophyte microsporum canis has cats as natural reservoir, but it is able to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, where different clinical features of the so-called ringworm dermatophytosis have been described. human infections are increasingly been reported in mediterranean countries. a reliable control program against m. canis infection in cats should include an antifungal treatment of both the infected animals and their living environment. in this article, a herbal ... | 2015 | 25854840 |
| impact of plant growth promoting pseudomonas monteilii psf84 and pseudomonas plecoglossicida psf610 on metal uptake and production of secondary metabolite (monoterpenes) by rose-scented geranium (pelargonium graveolens cv. bourbon) grown on tannery sludge amended soil. | bacterial strains psf84 and psf610 were isolated from tannery sludge polluted soil, jajmau, kanpur, india. 16s rrna gene sequence and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the taxonomic affiliation of psf84 as pseudomonas monteilii and psf610 as pseudomonas plecoglossicida. a greenhouse study was carried out with rose-scented geranium (pelargonium graveolenscv. bourbon) grown in soil treated with tannery sludge in different proportions viz. soil: sludge ratio of 100:0, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 0:100 to ... | 2014 | 25194330 |
| the effect of oliveria decumbens and pelargonium graveolens on healing of infected skin wounds in mice. | staphylococcus aureus is one of the most causative organisms in the skin wound infections. development of resistant s. aureus to current treatments in individuals with low immunity is a global concern. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of herbal formulation against skin wound infection. | 2016 | 27853689 |
| antimicrobial activity of geranium oil against clinical strains of staphylococcus aureus. | the aim of this work was to investigate the antibacterial properties of geranium oil obtained from pelargonium graveolens ait. (family geraniaceae), against one standard s. aureus strain atcc 433000 and seventy clinical s. aureus strains. the agar dilution method was used for assessment of bacterial growth inhibition at various concentrations of geranium oil. susceptibility testing of the clinical strains to antibiotics was carried out using the disk-diffusion and e-test methods. the results of ... | 2012 | 22929626 |
| the role of a novel fungal strain trichoderma atroviride rvf3 in improving humic acid content in mature compost and vermicompost via ligninolytic and celluloxylanolytic activities. | with the rising concerns about indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and accumulation of agro-industrial wastes in huge quantities, the present experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of a novel fungal strain of trichoderma atroviride in hastening the compost/vermicompost production process and for the production of humic acid (ha) rich compost and vermicompost. | 2015 | 26387985 |
| activated charcoal-mediated rna extraction method for azadirachta indica and plants highly rich in polyphenolics, polysaccharides and other complex secondary compounds. | high quality rna is a primary requisite for numerous molecular biological applications but is difficult to isolate from several plants rich in polysaccharides, polyphenolics and other secondary metabolites. these compounds either bind with nucleic acids or often co-precipitate at the final step and many times cannot be removed by conventional methods and kits. addition of vinyl-pyrollidone polymers in extraction buffer efficiently removes polyphenolics to some extent, but, it failed in case of a ... | 2013 | 23537338 |
| bioactivity-guided investigation of geranium essential oils as natural tick repellents. | the evaluation of 10 essential oils of geranium, pelargonium graveolens (geraniaceae), were all shown to have repellent activity against nymphs of the medically important lone star tick, amblyomma americanum (l.). the biological tests were carried out using a vertical filter paper bioassay, where ticks must cross an area of the paper treated with repellent to approach host stimuli. one of the essential oil samples that repelled >90% of the ticks at 0.103 mg/cm(2) was selected for further fractio ... | 2013 | 23528036 |
| green synthesis of small silver nanoparticles using geraniol and its cytotoxicity against fibrosarcoma-wehi 164. | many reports have been published about the biogenesis of silver nanoparticles using several plant extracts such as pelargonium graveolens (p.graveolens- geranium) and azadirachta indica (neem) but the capacity of their natural reducing constituents to form silver nanoparticles has not yet been studied. in this research the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using geraniol has been investigated. we successfully synthesized uniformly dispersed silver nanoparticles with a uniform size and shape in t ... | 2009 | 23407598 |
| lethal and inhibitory activities of plant-derived essential oils against bemisia tabaci gennadius (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotype b in tomato. | the silverleaf whitefly bemisia tabaci (genn.) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) is one of the most severe tomato pests in the world. the damage caused by this insect may compromise up to 100% of crop production, and management of this pest has relied on spraying of synthetic insecticides. however, due to the environmental issues associated with this practice, alternative methods such as the use of botanical pesticides are now used as a strategy of integrated pest management (ipm). we evaluated ... | 2016 | 26712319 |
| fertilization and colors of plastic mulch affect biomass and essential oil of sweet-scented geranium. | sweet-scented geranium (pelargonium graveolens l'hér), a plant belonging to the geraniaceae family, has medicinal and aromatic properties and is widely used in the cosmetic, soap, perfume, aromatherapy, and food industries. the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fertilization and the use of different colors of plastic mulch on sweet-scented geranium biomass and essential oil. three colors of plastic mulch (black, white, and silver-colored) and a control without plastic mulch were ... | 2014 | 24757440 |
| a preliminary investigation of anticholinesterase activity of some iranian medicinal plants commonly used in traditional medicine. | the aim of this study was to evaluate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of some commonly used herbal medicine in iran to introduce a new source for management of alzheimer's disease. a total of 18 aqueous-methanolic extract (1:1; v/v) from the following plants: brassica alba, brassica nigra, camellia sinensis, cinchona officinalis, citrus aurantifolia, citrus x aurantium, ferula assafoetida, humulus lupulus, juglans regia, juniperus sabina, myristica fragrans, pelargonium graveolens, pist ... | 2014 | 24401532 |
| effect of plant secondary compounds on in vitro methane, ammonia production and ruminal protozoa population. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of secondary plant metabolites from 38 sources to serve as antimethanogenic additives in ruminant diets. the effect of leaf tannins from these different plant sources on rumen fermentation, protozoal populations and methanogenesis was also studied. | 2013 | 23621853 |
| acute larvicidal toxicity of five essential oils (pinus nigra, hyssopus officinalis, satureja montana, aloysia citrodora and pelargonium graveolens) against the filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus: synergistic and antagonistic effects. | mosquito vector control is facing a number of important and timely challenges, mainly due to the rapid development of pesticide resistance and environmental concerns. in this scenario, screening of botanical resources for their mosquitocidal activity may offer effective and eco-friendly tools against culicidae vectors. culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) is a vector of lymphatic filariasis and of dangerous arboviral diseases, such as west nile and st. louis encephalitis. in this stud ... | 2017 | 28110082 |
| the efficacy of essential oils as natural preservatives in vegetable oil. | the efforts for finding the natural preservatives with nontoxicity and nonirritancy have encouraged the scientists to research among the medicinal plants. the preservative efficacy of daucus carota, ferula gummosa, eugenium caryophyllata, oliveria decumbens, pelargonium graveolens, ziziphora tenuir, acorus calamus, and trachyspermum ammi essential oils on challenge test's pathogens and on pathogen's inoculated vegetable oil was evaluated by antimicrobial effectiveness test. carotol (46%), β-pine ... | 2014 | 24552253 |
| [massage with aromatherapy: effectiveness on anxiety of users with personality disorders in psychiatric hospitalization]. | to investigate the effectiveness of aromatherapy massage using the essential oils (0.5%) of lavandula angustifolia and pelargonium graveolens for anxiety reduction in patients with personality disorders during psychiatric hospitalization. | 2015 | 26107706 |