| a cost benefit analysis of fish culture strategy towards the control of mansonioides in shertallai, kerala state. | the cost benefit analysis of fish culture as a means for vector control towards the containment of brugian filariasis in shertallai, a highly endemic tract for this disease in kerala was carried out. while the financial gain accrued to the community was to the tune of rs. 1,82,052 in ponds (under monoculture) with chinese grass carp from 763 ponds, it was rs. 1,83,740 from 1000 ponds under polyculture with catla catla, cyprinus carpio, labeo rohita, labeo fimbriatus, cirrhina mrigala and ctenoph ... | 1992 | 1506068 |
| ontogenetic and comparative analysis of ldh isozymes in the three species of indian major carp. | expression patterns of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) isozyme were investigated in embryonic and post embryonic stages of labeo rohita, cirrhinus mrigala and catla catla using starch gel electrophoresis. species specific and differential enzyme locus (gene) expression patterns were found in ldh up to 18th hr of study. the isozyme up to 36th hr after fertilization seemed to be completely active and showed electrophoretic patterns very similar to those of the adults. comparative analysis of the isozy ... | 1992 | 1521871 |
| toxicity of four pesticides on the fingerlings of indian major carps labeo rohita, catla catla, and cirrhinus mrigala. | fingerlings of labeo rohita, catla catla, and cirrhinus mrigala were exposed to selected doses of four commonly used pesticides carbofuran, ddt, dimethoate, and meta-systox for a period up to 30 days to determine relative toxicological effects, lc50 values for 96 hr, maximum acceptable tolerant concentration, and application factor. the use of early life history tests has been emphasized for toxicological assessments. | 1986 | 3792265 |
| uptake and processing of biofilm and free-cell vaccines of aeromonas hydrophila in indian major carps and common carp following oral vaccination--antigen localization by a monoclonal antibody. | uptake and processing of biofilm (bf) and free-cell (fc) vaccines of aeromonas hydrophila were studied in the indian major carps catla catla catla, and rohu labeo rohita and in the common carp cyprinus carpio following a single dose oral vaccination of 10(11) cfu g(-1) fish. fish were sampled at 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 12, 24 h and at 2, 3, 5 and 10 d following vaccination and antigen localization was studied in the gut, kidney and spleen employing monoclonal antibody based immunofluorescence and immunope ... | 2000 | 11145450 |
| production of superoxide anion by head-kidney leucocytes of indian major carps immunised with bacterins of aeromonas hydrophila. | on contact with micro-organisms or any other antigenic particles which are recognised as phagocytosable, the leucocytes of vertebrates raise their oxygen consumption suddenly (respiratory burst). the consumed oxygen is then converted into reactive oxygen species (ros). an effort has been made in the present study to estimate the production of superoxide anion, one of the ros, by the resident as well as activated head-kidney leucocytes of indian major carps. activation was accomplished by immunis ... | 2002 | 11931016 |
| toxicity and residue studies of fenvalerate to some selected freshwater fishes. | the toxicity test of fenvalerate were conducted to fresh water fishes labeo rohita (hamilton), catla catla (hamilton), cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton), aplocheilus punchex (hamilton) and ctenopharygodon idellus (valenciennes). the static and continuous flow through tests were employed to determine the lethal concentration (lc50) for 24h, 48h and 96h to the test fish. it was observed that cirrhinus mrigala is more sensitive to this pesticide followed by applochielus punchex, lebeo rohita, catla catl ... | 2001 | 12017257 |
| immunisation of indian major carps against aeromonas hydrophila by intraperitoneal injection. | the indian major carps catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala were immunised against the potent bacterial fish pathogen, aeromonas hydrophila by the intraperitoneal route, in field conditions. two different polyvalent antigen preparations namely, whole cell and extracellular products (ecp) were used. immunisation schedule consisting of a single booster dose given 28 days after priming resulted in a good agglutinating antibody response in the carps. kinetics of the response were similar ... | 2002 | 12201649 |
| stimulation of immunity in indian major carp catla catla with herbal feed ingredients. | catla catla, catla (150 +/- 20 g) were fed a diet containing seed of achyranthes aspera (0.5%) and control diet without a. aspera for four weeks prior to and after ip injection with chicken erythrocytes. fish were sampled for four consecutive weeks after immunization. hemagglutination antibody titers were significantly higher in the test group of fishes compared with the control group. serum globulin levels were significantly (p(t-test) < 0.05) higher in the test group than control group on days ... | 2005 | 15561562 |
| antibiotic resistance pattern of motile aeromonads from farm raised fresh water fish. | motile aeromonads isolated from the intestines of farm-raised freshwater fish such as catla catla, labeo rohita and ctenopharyngodon idella have been characterized to species level. morphological and physiological grouping revealed 61% aeromonas hydrophila, 30% aeromonas caviae, 7% aeromonas sobria and 2% which remained unidentified. hemolytic activity was detected mostly in a. hydrophila, while only half of the a. sobria and a. caviae showed this activity. antibiotic resistance patterns of the ... | 2005 | 15747443 |
| nitrite toxicity in indian major carps: sublethal effect on selected enzymes in fingerlings of catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala. | the effects of 96-h sublethal exposure of nitrite (1, 2, 4, 8 and 10.4 mg l(-1)) on selected enzymatic activities in serum and tissues of fingerlings of catla (catla catla), rohu (labeo rohita) and mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) were studied for the first time in these species. all three species responded almost identically to nitrite exposure. with increasing nitrite concentration, reduction in activities was observed in acetylcholinesterase (ache) in brain and liver; alkaline phosphatase (alp) in ... | 2004 | 15313441 |
| the morpho-anatomy and histology of the pineal complex in a major indian carp, catla catla: identification of the pineal photoreceptor cells and their responsiveness to constant light and constant darkness during different phases of the annual reproductive cycle. | in contrast to mammals in which the pineal gland is a discrete structure situated dorsally in the brain, the "pineal gland" in teleost fishes is composed of a number of separate but connected constituent parts, collectively described as the "pineal complex." in this paper, we have described the pineal complex in a common indian carp, catla catla, which exhibits an annual reproductive cycle. attempts have been made to (a) provide an in-depth description of the structure of the pineal complex; and ... | 2003 | 14682472 |
| incorporation of brewery waste in supplementary feed and its impact on growth in some carps. | brewery waste (brewer's grains) was used at four different levels (10%, 20%, 30% and 40% w/w) replacing rice bran in fish diet under a semi-intensive culture system and its impact on the growth of catla, catla catla; rohu, labeo rohita and mrigal, cirrhina mrigala, was studied. growth in terms of body weight gain was maximum in c. catla and l. rohita fed on a diet containing 30% brewery waste in the feed, whereas c. mrigala, fed on a diet containing brewery waste at the above mentioned levels sh ... | 2004 | 14585627 |
| adjuvant effect of mushroom glucan and bovine lactoferrin upon aeromonas hydrophila vaccination in catla, catla catla (hamilton). | mushroom glucan and bovine lactoferrin (lf), known for their immunostimulatory potential, were used as adjuvant in conjunction with a formalin-killed aeromonas hydrophila vaccine in catla, catla catla. in vitro antigen-specific responsiveness of catla leucocytes and protective responses against experimental challenge with homologous antigen were monitored following immunization. antigen-specific proliferation, 'macrophage activating factor' (maf) production and antibody production were significa ... | 2006 | 16768713 |
| utilization of fermented silkworm pupae silage in feed for carps. | fermented silkworm pupae (swp) silage or untreated fresh swp pastes were incorporated in carp feed formulations replacing fishmeal. the feed formulations were isonitrogenous (30.2-30.9% protein) and isocaloric (me = 2905-2935 kcal/kg). feeding under a polyculture system consisting of 30% each of catla (catla catla), mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) and rohu (labeo rohita) with 10% silver carps (hypophthalmychthys molitrix) was carried out in ponds to evaluate the nutritive quality of swp silage. survi ... | 2003 | 12421005 |
| bath immunisation of spawn, fry and fingerlings of indian major carps using a particulate bacterial antigen. | larval mortality in indian major carps is one of the major problems encountered in the pond culture system. the present investigation was carried out to investigate the proper age, duration of exposure, and optimum bacterin concentration for vaccinating rohu (labeo rohita) and catla (catla catla) at their early stages with a formalin killed edwardsiella tarda bacterin suspension. the development of immunological competence was recorded with spawn of rohu and catla of 3 weeks of age exposed to a ... | 2002 | 12400863 |
| haemato-immunological responses to dietary yeast rna, omega-3 fatty acid and beta-carotene in catla catla juveniles. | a preliminary study with 60 days feeding was conducted to study the immunomodulatory role of different immunostimulants like beta-carotene, omega-3 fatty acid and yeast-rna in catla catla fingerlings. two hundred and sixty four fingerlings were randomly distributed into eight treatment groups with each of three replicates. eight isonitrogenous (crude protein 34.12-35.40%) and isocaloric (458.41-461.48 kcal/100g) purified diets were prepared with graded level of beta-carotene, omega-3 fatty acid ... | 2007 | 17681812 |
| molecular cloning of growth hormone encoding cdna of indian major carps by a modified rapid amplification of cdna ends strategy. | a modified rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) strategy has been developed for cloning highly conserved cdna sequences. using this modified method, the growth hormone (gh) encoding cdna sequences of labeo rohita, cirrhina mrigala and catla catla have been cloned, characterized and overexpressed in escherichia coli. these sequences show 96-98% homology to each other and are about 85% homologous to that of common carp. besides, an attempt has been made for the first time to describe a 3-d mode ... | 2002 | 12089475 |
| spawning behaviour of an air-breathing catfish heteropneustes fossilis (bloch). | spawning behavior of h. fossilis was studied by breeding the fish in laboratory through hypophysation using pituitary glands of the indian major carps (catla catla and labeo rohita) at a dose of about 15 mg/100 g body weight of the recipient. the spawning activity started about 6 to 10 hr after the administration of pituitary injection. the activity lasted 2 to 6 hr in various experiments. during this period, intermittent mating acts were observed, the average rate of mating being once every 2 t ... | 1977 | 11803690 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence and phylogenetic analyses, and tissue-specific expression of the transferrin gene in cirrhinus mrigala infected with aeromonas hydrophila. | transferrin partial complementary dnas were cloned from the livers of five species in four genera of indian carps (indian major carp species: labeo rohita, catla catla and cirrhinus mrigala; medium carp: puntius sarana; minor carp: labeo bata) subsequent to polymerase chain reaction amplification with published heterologous primers or self-designed primers derived from conserved regions of transferrin cdna sequences. the partial transferrin cdnas of the five species of carps had sizes from 624 t ... | 2009 | 18718662 |
| concentrations of pesticide residues in tissues of fish from kolleru lake in india. | kolleru lake is the largest natural freshwater lake of andhra pradesh in india. it is situated between latitudes 16 degrees 32' and 16 degrees 47'n and longitudes 81 degrees 05' and 81 degrees 27'e. the use of pesticides for agricultural purposes is widespread in the kolleru lake region. the biological indicators like fish help in the studies of aquatic pollution by pesticides. fish species channa striata and catla catla and water samples were collected from kolleru lake in each of three seasons ... | 2001 | 11769254 |
| effect of a probiotic bacterium bacillus circulans pb7 in the formulated diets: on growth, nutritional quality and immunity of catla catla (ham.). | bacillus circulans pb7, isolated from the intestine of catla catla, was evaluated for use as a probiotic supplement in the feeds for the fingerlings of catla catla. the effect of supplement on the growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, and immune response was evaluated. catla fingerlings (ave. wt. 6.48 +/- 0.43 g) were fed diets supplemented with 2 x 10(4) (feed c1), 2 x 10(5) (feed c2), and 2 x 10(6) (feed c3) b. circulans pb 7 cells per 100 g feed for 60 days at 5% of the body weight ... | 2009 | 18931930 |
| growth performance of two indian major carps, catla (catla catla) and rohu (labeo rohita) fed diets containing different levels of spirulina platensis. | the influence of spirulina platensis meal on the growth and carcass composition of two indian major carps, catla, catla catla and rohu, labeo rohita was investigated in a 90-day culture trial. four experimental diets were used and spirulina replaced fish meal protein from the standard diet at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% levels. there was no significant difference in the final weight attained by catla at all levels of spirulina incorporation as compared to the fish-meal-based control diet. however, th ... | 2001 | 11563701 |
| possibility of public health hazards by contamination of toxin producing vibrio cholerae through fishes reared in sewage fed fishery. | this study was undertaken to explore the possibility of contamination of vibrio cholerae serogroups 01 and 0139, the most important causative organisms for life threatening acute secretory diarrhoea and also potential public health importance, by isolating these organisms from body surface, gill and intestine of common table fishes like labeo rhoita, catla catla, cirrhinus mirgala and tilapia mosambica which were reared in sewage and raw human excrita enriched fishery ponds. vibrio cholerae 01 o ... | 1999 | 11243070 |
| gonadotropin-releasing hormone stimulates thyroid activity in a freshwater murrel, channa gachua (ham.), and carps, catla catla (ham.) and cirrhinus mrigala (ham.). | injections of mammalian gnrh (mgnrh), salmon gnrh (sgnrh), and a homologous murrel, channa punctatus, gnrh (cgnrh) to a murrel, channa gachua, and a carp, catla catla, at a dose of 1 microg/250 g body wt significantly increased plasma thyroxine (t4) levels above control. piscine gnrhs (sgnrh and cgnrh) had significantly greater stimulatory effects compared with mgnrh. to observe whether this stimulatory effect by gnrhs is direct or indirect, thyroid follicles were isolated from hypobranchial mus ... | 2000 | 10764556 |
| effect of different concentrations of cryoprotectant and extender on the hatching of indian major carp embryos (labeo rohita, catla catla, and cirrhinus mrigala) stored at low temperature | rohu (labeo rohita), catla (catla catla) and mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) embryos were examined for hatching success after short-term (8-13 h) storage at low temperature (4 degreesc) using three concentrations of three cryoprotectants, methanol (1, 2, and 3 m), dimethyl sulfoxide (1.282, 1.923, and 2.564 m, equal to 10, 15, and 20%), and glycerol (1.087, 1.63, and 2.174 m, equal to 10, 15, and 20%), separately as well as together with a single concentration of sucrose (0.5 m). the aim was to deter ... | 1998 | 9917348 |
| characterization of mboi satellites in cirrhina mrigala and clarias batrachus (pisces). | we have cloned and characterized two highly reiterated, tandemly repeated, and a+t rich mboi dna fragments, one in cirrhina mrigala (cyprinidae), with a monomer size of 266 bp, and one in clarias batrachus (clariidae), with a monomer size of 227 bp. the mboi fragment in c. mrigala is species-specific and absent in other carps, such as catla catla and labeo rohita. the mboi fragment in c. batrachus was also present in two other catfishes tested, namely clarias gariepinus and heteropneustes fossil ... | 1998 | 9549057 |
| development and characterization of cell lines derived from rohu, labeo rohita (hamilton), and catla, catla catla (hamilton). | two new cell lines, designated re and cb, were derived from the eye of rohu, labeo rohita, and the brain of catla, catla catla, respectively. the cell lines were maintained in leibovitz's l-15 supplemented with 20% foetal bovine serum. the re cell line was sub-cultured for more than 70 passages and the cb cell line for more than 35 passages. the re cells are rounded and consist predominantly of epithelial cells. the cb cell line consists of predominantly fibroblastic-like cells. both cell lines ... | 2009 | 19236559 |
| composite fish culture for mosquito control in rice fields in southern india. | composite culture of edible fishes (common carp, cryprinus carpio; silver carp, hypopthalmithys molitrix, grass carp, ctenopharyngodon idella; catla, catla catla; rohu, labeo rohita; and mrigal, cirrhinus mrigala) in rice fields in the cauvery delta of tamil nadu, southern india, resulted in 81.0% reduction in the immature mosquito population of anophelines and 83.5% of culicines. analysis of fish feces for mosquito larval head capsules showed that common carp and silver carp are effective larvi ... | 1994 | 7777919 |
| antimicrobial resistance and in vitro gene transfer in bacteria isolated from the ulcers of eus-affected fish in india. | the occurrence of drug resistance and plasmid-mediated transferability was investigated in 15 aeromonas isolates collected from the ulcers of epizootic ulcerative syndrome (eus)-affected fishes katla (catla catla), mrigel (cirrhinus mrigala) and punti (puntius sp.). | 2009 | 19709369 |
| detection and localization of alkaline and acid phosphatases in the digestive system of the adult catla catla (hamilton), an indian freshwater major carp by histochemical methods. | the localization and distribution of alkaline phosphatase (alpase) and acid phosphatase (acpase) in the various regions of the alimentary canal viz., buccopharynx, oesophagus, intestine, rectum and hepatopancreas of adult catla catla have been studied by employing various histochemical techniques. alpase activity was recorded in the various regions of the alimentary canal in the present study although its intensity of localization and distribution varies greatly. the highest alpase activity was ... | 1982 | 7152228 |
| in vitro effects of cyanoketone and epostane on lh-induced germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes of indian major carps. | the effect of cyanoketone (inhibitor of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) and epostane (inhibitor of 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) on lh-induced in vitro germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) in the oocytes of indian major carps, labeo rohita, cirrhinus mrigala, and catla catla, was investigated using five concentrations for each inhibitor. both of these inhibitors could significantly inhibit the lh-induced gvbd at all of their concentrations in l. rohita and c. catla. however, in ... | 1989 | 2920902 |
| chicken-activated-t-lymphocyte-antigen (catla) recognized by monoclonal antibody inn-ch 16 represents the il-2 receptor. | monoclonal antibody inn-ch 16 recognizes a surface determinant exclusively present on activated chicken t lymphocytes. the present experiments suggest that this chicken activated t lymphocyte antigen (catla) represents the chicken il-2 receptor or an associated structure, as (i) the kinetics of catla expression during t cell activation are analogous to those described for the mammalian receptor for il-2, (ii) the il-2 dependent proliferation of mitogen prestimulated chicken lymphocytes is compet ... | 1988 | 2850227 |
| in vitro effect of mammalian pituitary hormones on germinal vesicle breakdown in oocytes of major carps, labeo rohita, cirrhinus mrigala, catla catla and cyprinus carpio. | among all the mammalian pituitary hormones, luteinizing hormone (lh) was the most potent in vitro inducer of oocyte maturation in l. rohita, c. mrigala, c. catla and c. carpio. it induced significant germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) at concentrations of 10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 micrograms/ml. at the highest concentration used, lh induced 77.9 +/- 5.9, 73.8 +/- 4.6, 50.3 +/- 2.8 and 40.8 +/- 1.4% gvbd in oocytes of l. rohita, c. mrigala, c. catla and c. carpio, respectively. among other hormones, fol ... | 1989 | 2632393 |
| adenohypophysial cell types in an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton). | the different adenocytes in an indian freshwater major carp, catla catla (hamilton) have been studied by employing various modern staining techniques. altogether, 8 different cell types have been reported in the adenohypophysis of the aforesaid fish. variations in the staining intensities of the cell types with the different techniques adopted have been detailed. | 1985 | 2581848 |
| a histochemical study of the mucous cells in the bucco-pharyngeal region of four indian freshwater fishes in relation to their origin, development, occurrence and probable functions. | observations on the origin, development and occurrence of mucous cells in the bucco-pharyngeal region of labeo rohita (ham.), cirrhinus mrigala (ham.), catla catla (ham.) and clarias batrachus (linn.) have been made histochemically, by pas technique. the mucous cells have been found to develop from ordinary epithelial cells of the stratum malpighii which is situated immediately above the basement membrane. the different stages in the development of mucous cells are: 1. formation stage: some of t ... | 1975 | 811054 |
| application of sensory and microbial analysis to assess quality of fish in siliguri city of west bengal, india. | sensory and certain microbial analyses were applied to assess the quality of raw fish sold at a market in siliguri cityof west bengal, india. in regular surveys undertaken during june to august 2008, a particular fish species was randomly selected, its source was noted and a sensory analysis, the quality index method (qim) was applied to assess its quality raw fish samples were also collected and a small quantity (about 1 g) of scales oran upper layer of the skin surface (forscale-less fish samp ... | 2010 | 21387907 |
| the effect of chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate in acetyl cholinesterase activity in freshwater fishes. | the freshwater fish catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala are exposed to the toxicant chlorpyrifos, an organo phosphate commonly used in agriculture as well as in aquaculture. the effect was studied on the enzyme acetyl cholinesterase activity which was inhibited in the selected tissues of the fish. in different tissues and in brain, the maximum inhibition was observed. | 2005 | 16114464 |
| acute toxicity of synthetic pyrethroids to indian major carp, catla catla l. | | 2005 | 15903198 |
| toxicity and bioaccumulation of chlorpyrifos in indian carp catla catla (hamilton), labeo rohita (hamilton), and cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton). | | 2004 | 15669740 |
| 3d modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of an immune-regulatory cytokine, interleukin-10, from the indian major carp, catla catla. | interleukin-10 (il-10) is a pleiotropic immune-regulatory cytokine that is expressed in various species of fish and higher vertebrates, and is activated during infection. in spite of its important role, il-10 has not been well characterized either functionally or structurally in fish. to analyze its properties and function, we constructed a 3d model of il-10 in the indian major carp, the catla (catla catla), which is a highly preferred fish species and the most commercially important one in the ... | 2011 | 21830101 |
| influence of alphamethrin on oxidative metabolism of the freshwater fish catla catla. | | 2004 | 15386087 |
| Dietary supplementation with Cynodon dactylon (L.) enhances innate immunity and disease resistance of Indian major carp, Catla catla (Ham.). | Indian major carp (Catla catla) was subjected to study the immunostimulatory effects when the grass Cynodon dactylon(L) ethanolic extract administrated as feed supplement. C. catla was fed with 0% (Control), 0.05% (group I), 0.5% (group II) and 5% (group III) extract provided for 60 days. Blood samples were collected at every 10 days of interval up to 60 days for analyzing the non-specific humoral (lysozyme activity, antiprotease activity and haemolytic complement) and cellular (production of re ... | 2011 | 21888977 |
| biochemical changes induced by chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate compound in sublethal concentrations to the freshwater fish catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala. | freshwater fishes, catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala were exposed to sublethal concentration of the pesticide chlorpyrifos an organophosphate pesticide. biochemical changes in total glycogen, total proteins, lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), alanine amino transferase (alat) and aspartate amino transferase (aat) and nucleic acids, deoxy and ribose, were estimated in the tissues of fishes exposed to the toxicant chlorpyrifos technical grade. the decrease in total glycogen and proteins ove ... | 2005 | 16334264 |
| achyranthes aspera stimulates the immunity and enhances the antigen clearance in catla catla. | achyranthes aspera, an indian medicinal plant (family: amaranthaceae) was incorporated in artificial fish diet, and fed to catla catla catla. after 4 weeks of feeding, fish were immunized with bovine serum albumin (bsa), spleen and blood were sampled on weekly intervals for four times after immunization. antigen-specific antibody level in serum was determined by elisa. antigen clearance was determined in spleen by immuno-electron microscopy. achyranthes has significantly (p<0.05) enhanced the bs ... | 2006 | 16546709 |
| acute toxicity of mercury to the fingerlings of indian major carps (catla, rohu and mrigal) in relation to water hardness and temperature. | in the present study short-term (96 hr) toxicity of mercury in relation to water hardness (270 and 560 mg/l) and temperature (16 degrees c and 35 degrees c) to the fingerlings of indian major carps, i.e. catla, rohu and mrigal has been evaluated using static bioassay. the lc5o indicates that both water hardness and temperature played significant role in mercury toxicity. the test fishes were found most resistant with water hardness of 560 mg/l at 16 degrees c as compared to that of water hardnes ... | 2006 | 16850882 |
| studies of some biochemical changes in the tissues of catla catla (hamilton), labeo rohita (hamilton) and cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton) exposed to nh3-n, no2-n and no3-n. | biochemical changes, total proteins, glycogen, aspartate and alanine (aat and alat) amino transferases were studied with exposure of sublethal concentrations of nh3-n, no2-n and no3-n to the freshwater fish catla catla (hamilton), labeo rohita (hamilton) and cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton). depletion in the food reserves and enzyme activity was observed in all the three fish species exposed to these toxicants. hence, the concentrations of nh3, no2 and no3 in water need to be monitored in water qual ... | 2002 | 12674377 |
| correlation between biochemical properties and adaptive diversity of skeletal muscle myofibrils and myosin of some air-breathing teleosts. | functional properties of myofibrils and relative stability of myosin of five teleosts channa punctata, clarias batrachus, m astacembalus armatus, labeo rohita and catla catla adapted to different breathing modes were compared. myofibrillar contractility and m-atpase of air-breathing organ (abo) possessing c.punctata and c. batrachus were low and least affected by ph in the range of 7.1-8.5. however, their myosin isoforms were relatively thermostable, more soluble at sub-neutral ph values, betwee ... | 2006 | 17133765 |
| effect of phenol on haematological components of indian major carps catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala. | the effect of phenol on haematological components of indian major carps, catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala were observed. after exposure to sublethal concentrations of 5.17 mg l(-1), 6.06 mg l(-1) and 6.99 mg l(-1), the number of red blood cells, haemoglobin content and packed cell volume all decreased but the glucose level increased. the order of decrease in the haematological components of the three fish is in the order of catla catla > labeo rohita > cirrhinus mrigala. | 2007 | 17915746 |
| development of monoclonal antibodies to rohu [labeo rohita] immunoglobulins for use in immunoassays. | serum immunoglobulins [ig] of rohu [labeo rohita] were purified by affinity chromatography using bovine serum albumin as capture ligand. the purified rohu ig [r-ig] had a molecular weight [mw] of 880 kda as determined with gel filtration chromatography. the heavy chain of r-ig had an mw of 77.8 kda and that of light chain was 26.4 kda in sds-page. purified r-ig was used for the production of two anti-rohu ig monoclonal antibodies [d7 and h4] that belonged to subclass igg2b and igg1, respectively ... | 2008 | 18996722 |
| metal concentrations in water, sediment, and fish from sewage-fed aquaculture ponds of kolkata, india. | the concentrations of lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and zinc were investigated in the sewage-fed pond water, sediment, and the various organs of labeo rohita, catla catla, cirrhinus mrigala, oreochromis mossambicus, and cyprinus carpio cultured in sewage-fed ponds, kolkata, india. among the metals, cadmium, lead, and zinc were detected in water and, except lead, were below the water quality guideline levels for the protection of freshwater aquatic life proposed by ceqg (canadian environmental ... | 2009 | 18998223 |
| halquinol modulated growth, physiology, and protein profile and halquinol residue withdrawal study in the indian major carp catla catla (hamilton). | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of halquinol, an antimicrobial used as a growth promotor in poultry, on the fresh water fish catla catla in terms of growth promotion, protein profile, and physiology as the rate of oxygen consumption. a synergic increment in the free amino acid level and total protein concentration suggested enhanced anabolic metabolism resulting in weight gain. when compared with an untreated control group, fishes treated with 0.1% halquinol (t1) showed a ... | 2008 | 19024792 |
| characterization of igm of indian major carps and their cross-reactivity with anti-fish igm antibodies. | indian major carps (imc), rohu (labeo rohita), catla (catla catla) and mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala) were immunized with bovine serum albumin and the serum immunoglobulin m (igm) was purified by affinity chromatography. the heavy and light chain of igm of all the three species of imc were about 88 and 26kda, respectively. anti-fish igm antibody against all the three species were raised in mice and the reaction of anti-fish igm antibodies with igm of all the three species of imc were studied by west ... | 2009 | 19063976 |
| distributions of metals in the food web of fishponds of kolleru lake, india. | the distributions of trace metals (pb, cd, cr mn, zn and cu) in water, sediment, plankton and four fish species (labeo rohita, catla catla, pangasius pangasius and cirrhinus mrigala) from fishponds of kolleru lake, india were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. the concentrations of lead (0.01-0.03mg/l) and copper (0.01-0.08mg/l) in water and cadmium (3.0-9.0mg/kg), chromium (47-211mg/kg) and copper (10-64mg/kg) in sediment were above the epa threshold effects level (tel) and are of ... | 2009 | 19070365 |
| microbiological quality of finfish and shellfish with special reference to shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli o157. | the objective of this study was to determine the microbiological quality of fish and shellfish from kolkata, india, with special emphasis on e. coli o157. fresh and ice-preserved labeo rohita, catla catla, cirrhinus mrigala, oreochromis mossambica, heteropneustesfossilis, clarias batrachus, and penaeus monodon were examined for total heterotrophic bacteria and coliform loads and presence of e. coli and e. coli serotype o157 by culture method. while the total plate count of bacteria was within ac ... | 2008 | 19241559 |
| isolation and characterization of fish scale collagen of higher thermal stability. | collagen is the most abundant protein found in animal body and widely used for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. however, its applicability is severely limited due to high cost. fish processing waste, which otherwise cause serious environmental pollution, is a promising cost effective collagen source. in the present study, collagen was isolated from scales of labeo rohita (rohu) and catla catla (catla). it is first time that these species are used as sources of collagen. thermo-gravime ... | 2010 | 20116238 |
| inhibitory effect of pistia tannin on digestive enzymes of indian major carps: an in vitro study. | aquatic weeds are one of the major unconventional feed ingredients tested for aquafeed formulation. tannin content in the water lettuce, pistia, has been quantified (26.67 mg g(-1); dry weight) and graded levels of which (12.5-200 μg) have been incorporated in the reaction mixtures to evaluate any change in the in vitro activity of the principal digestive enzymes from the three indian major carps (imc), namely rohu (labeo rohita), catla (catla catla) and mrigala (cirrhinus mrigala). result of th ... | 2010 | 20369287 |
| immunomodulatory activity of aegle marmelos in freshwater fish (catla catla) by non-specific protection. | context: the production of fish is limited by infectious diseases; when a fish grows in an immunosuppressed condition, it becomes highly susceptible to disease. objective: the present research work investigates immunomodulatory action of aegle marmelos (linn.) corr. serr. (rutaceae) in catla catla hamilton (cyprinidae) for enhancing immune protection of the fish against bacterial infections. material and methods: doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 g aqueous plant leaf extract/kg feed were admi ... | 2011 | 20687789 |
| simple gas chromatographic method for the quantification of total cholesterol in fish meats. | six fish species-cirrhinus mrigala (morakhi), labeo rohita (danbhro), catla catla (thalli), wallago attu (jarko), ctenopharyngodon idella (grass), and cyprimus carpio (gulfam)--commonly found in the pakistani indus river, were selected for fat and cholesterol evaluation. fat content was quantified by the folch method and cholesterol content was determined by a simple gc method. the application of the proposed method to quantify cholesterol content revealed variations among the six breeds evaluat ... | 2010 | 20922959 |
| derivation and characterization of embryonic stem-like cells of indian major carp catla catla. | embryonic stem (es)-like cells were derived from mid-blastula stage embryos of a freshwater fish, catla catla catla, under feeder-free condition and designated as cces cells. the conditioned media was optimized with 10% foetal bovine serum (fbs), fish embryo extract (fee) having 100 µg ml(-1) protein concentration, 15 ng ml(-1) basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) and basic media containing leibovitz-15, dmem with 4·5 g l(-1) glucose and ham's f12 (ldf) in 2:1:1 ratio using a primary culture of ... | 2010 | 21039493 |
| observation on prevalence of ectoparasites in carp fingerlings in two districts of west bengal. | the present study has been carried out to find out the prevalence of ectoparasites of carp fingerlings during different months of the year 2008-2009. four groups of ectoparasites viz. myxozoan, ciliophoran, monogenean and crustacean were recorded from 400 fingerlings of rohu (labeo rohita), catla (catla catla), mrigal (cirrhinus mrigala), bata (labeo bata), common carp (cyprinus carpio) and lata (channa punctatus) collected from different ponds of nadia and hooghly district of west bengal from j ... | 2010 | 21526033 |
| methyl mercury in fish-a case study on various samples collected from ganges river at west bengal. | this study investigated the presence of total mercury (hg) and organic mercury levels in the muscle of 19 common fresh water fish species captured from river ganges, west bengal, india. the total mercury level found in our study may not cause any toxic effect, but the methyl mercury (mehg) level in some freshwater fish species was surprisingly very high and toxically unacceptable. the results of mercury analysis in various specimens indicated that some fish muscles tended to accumulate high leve ... | 2011 | 21713467 |
| anti-genotoxic potential of casein phosphopeptides (cpps): a class of fermented milk peptides against low background radiation and prevention of cancer in radiation workers. | radiation workers are constantly exposed to low background radiation which is their occupational hazard. this continuous and prolonged exposure produces genotoxicity and cancerous condition in many workers. the authors have tested casein phosphopeptides (cpp) as a radioprotectant against low background radiation using animal models. | 2011 | 22083425 |
| Immune responses and protection in catla (Catla catla) vaccinated against epizootic ulcerative syndrome. | Three different antigenic preparations from the epizootic ulcerative syndrome (EUS) pathogen Aphanomyces invadans were evaluated as vaccine candidate in catla (Catla catla). Anti-catla enzyme immunoconjugate was prepared after isolating catla immunoglobulin and raising hyperimmune sera against it, in rabbit. Three antigens namely, fungal extract (FE), fungal extract mixed with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA) in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (FE + A) and extra cellular product (ECP) were prepared and thre ... | 2012 | 22155323 |
| toxicity of crude extracellular products of aeromonas hydrophila on rohu, labeo rohita (ham.). | in the present study the haemolytic and proteolytic activity of extracellular products (ecp) secreted from aeromonas hydrophila (cahh14 strain) were studied with respect to temperature and different time of incubation as well as its lethal toxicity on rohu, labeo rohita. the strain was isolated from catla catla (showing abdominal dropsy symptom) collected from the pond of central institute of freshwater aquaculture (cifa), bhubaneswar, india and was characterized on the basis of biochemical test ... | 2011 | 23024416 |
| record of the species of tripartiella (lom, 1959) from fishes of manipur. | survey on trichodinid ciliophorans from the fresh water fishes of manipur revealed three known species of the genus tripartiella from the gills of major carps labeo rohita (hamilton); cirrhinus mrigala (hamilton); catla catla and ciprinus carpio. these are redescribed in this communication. | 2012 | 23542123 |
| analysis of lactate and malate dehydrogenase enzyme profiles of selected major carps of wetland of calcutta. | the east calcutta wetland (ecw), a ramsar site in india, acts as the only sink for both city sewages as well as effluents from the surrounding small-scale industries and is alarmingly polluted with heavy metals. the three best edible major carp species rohu (labeo rohita,), catla (catla catla,) and mrigala (cirrhinus mrigala) were undertaken to monitor lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) and malate dehydrogenase (mdh) by cellulose acetate electrophoresis (cae) to assess the effects of pollutants, if any ... | 2012 | 23360005 |
| purification and properties of pituitary gonadotropic hormone from indian teleosts: freshwater murrel (channa punctatus) and carp (catla catla). | gonadotropic hormone (gth) from the pituitaries of two widely different indian teleosts, a freshwater murrel and a carp, was purified by solvent fractionation, sephadex g-100 gel filtration, affinity chromatography on concanavalin a-sepharose (con a-sepharose), and immunoaffinity chromatography. elution profile from gel filtration showed three peaks in both cases, peak i and ii were clearly separated in murrel but not in carp. peak ii demonstrated strong gth activity in both murrel and carp but ... | 2007 | 2920895 |
| sublethal effects of heavy metals on biochemical composition and their recovery in indian major carps. | studies were conducted to assess the effects of sublethal exposure of heavy metals cadmium, arsenic and zinc for 45 days on indian major carps, labeo rohita, cirrhinus mrigala and catla catla. heavy metal treatments in general showed significant reduction in carbohydrate and lipid contents content in muscles as well as in gills in all the three fish species. the order of reduction of muscle and gill carbohydrate and lipid content due to different treatments was cd+as+zn>cd+as>as+zn>cd+zn>cd>as>z ... | 2009 | 18775601 |
| [organization of olfactory system of the indian major carp labeo rohita (ham.): a study using scanning and transmission microscopy]. | catla catla, labeo rohita, and cirrhinus mrigala are important alimentary fish in india. their reproduction (breeding) depends on season. the fish perceive external factors-stimuli and chemical signals through the olfactory system that plays the key role in the central regulation of reproduction. however, in the available literature, any electron microscopy data on organization of olfactory elements in these fish are absent. we have studied ultrastructure of the olfactory organ in male l. rohita ... | 2007 | 17725034 |
| lactobacillus acidophilus attenuates aeromonas hydrophila induced cytotoxicity in catla thymus macrophages by modulating oxidative stress and inflammation. | the pathogenesis of aeromonas hydrophila, a potent fish pathogen, is attributed to its ability to cause motile aeromonad septicaemia leading to apoptosis in a myriad of fish species, including freshwater carp catla catla. however, the underlying mechanism of antagonistic activity of probiotics against a. hydrophila induced apoptosis is not elucidated due to lack of appropriate in-vitro models. this study reported that the exposure of catla thymus macrophages (ctm) to a. hydrophila markedly induc ... | 2016 | 27262084 |
| in vitro evaluation of probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria from the gut of labeo rohita and catla catla. | we report the evaluation of probiotic properties of potent lactic acid bacteria (lab) from the gut of freshwater fishes, labeo rohita and catla catla, for eventually developing probiotic strains for the prevention of bacterial infections in aquaculture and food preservation. five different lab strains were isolated and characterized for their probiotic properties. based on physiological, morphological and biochemical characteristics, three isolates from labeo rohita and two from catla catla were ... | 2015 | 25634754 |
| effect of seeds of achyranthes aspera on the immune responses and expression of some immune-related genes in carp catla catla. | evaluation of functional mechanism of immunostimulant in fish is essential for realizing their therapeutic potential. the impact of dietary supplementation of seeds of achyranthes aspera on the immune system of catla catla was studied. catla (37.73 ± 6.7 g) were fed with test diets containing 0.5 (d1) and 1.0% (d2) seeds of a. aspera and control diet (d3) for 50 days. then fish were immunized with heat-killed aeromonas hydrophila. blood and tissue samples were collected after 7 days of immunizat ... | 2014 | 24657259 |
| molecular cloning of igz heavy chain isotype in catla catla and comparative expression profile of igz and igm following pathogenic infection. | immunoglobulins serve as a crucial arm of the adaptive immune system against detrimental pathogenic threats in teleosts. however, whether the novel ig isotype igz is present in the indian major carp, catla catla, has not yet been elucidated. the present study reports the presence of igz ortholog in c. catla (ccigz) and further demonstrates its comparative tissue specific expression with igm (ccigm) in response to bacterial and parasitic stimulation. the putative 139 amino acid sequence of igz he ... | 2016 | 27301776 |
| gut melatonin response to microbial infection in carp catla catla. | the purpose of present study was to demonstrate the response of gut melatoninergic system to aeromonas hydrophila infection for 3 or 6 days and search for its correlation with the activity of different antioxidative and digestive enzymes to focus their interplay under pathophysiological conditions in carp (catla catla). microscopic study of gut in infected fish revealed degenerative changes in the tunica mucosa and lamina propria layers with sloughed off epithelial cells in the lumen. the activi ... | 2016 | 26563281 |
| purification and molecular characterization of the novel highly potent bacteriocin tsu4 produced by lactobacillus animalis tsu4. | bacterial infections causing fish diseases and spoilage during fish food processing and storage are major concerns in aquaculture. use of bacteriocins has recently been considered as an effective strategy for prevention of bacterial infections. a novel bacteriocin produced by catla catla gut isolates, lactobacillus animalis tsu4, designated as bacteriocin tsu4 was purified to homogeneity by a three-step protocol. the molecular mass of bacteriocin tsu4 was 4117 da determined by q-tof lc/ms analys ... | 2015 | 26245257 |
| analysis of humoral immune response of animals exposed to bacterial antigens. | from the aeromonas hydrophila strain, five different types of antigens such as heat killed antigen, whole cell antigen, heat killed antigen with antiserum, whole cell antigen with antiserum and nucleotide antigens were prepared and injected into the experimental fish (catla catla) groups for the study of immunomodulation. analysis of immunogenicity of antigens against the fish catla catla was estimated. the a. hydrophila produced β hemolytic pattern on the blood agar plate. b lymphocyte counts u ... | 2014 | 26155142 |
| effects of potential probiotic bacillus amyloliquefaciens [corrected] fptb16 on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses and disease resistance of catla (catla catla). | effects of dietary administration of bacillus amyloliquefaciens fptb16 on systemic and mucosal immunity and disease resistance of catla (catla catla) against edwardsiella tarda infection were evaluated in the present study. the laboratory maintained b. amyloliquefaciens was used to study antagonistic activity against fish pathogenic bacteria by agar well diffusion assay. healthy catla were challenged by this bacterium for determination of its safety. for preparation of probiotic supplemented die ... | 2013 | 24012512 |
| comparative susceptibility of carp fingerlings to lernaea cyprinacea infection. | study was conducted to find out the comparative susceptibility of fingerlings of seven species of carps (labeo fimbriatus, l. rohita, l. calbasu, catla catla, ctenopharyngodon idella, cyprinus carpio and hypophthamichthys molitrix) grown under both mono and polyculture to lernaea cyprinacea infection. under monoculture, c. carpio, l. rohita and l. calbasu, did not acquire lernaea infection and were thus considered resistant, whereas c. idella, h. molitrix, c. catla and l. fimbriatus were suscept ... | 2010 | 21255932 |
| a new myxosporean species myxobolus sclerii sp. nov. and one known species m. stomum ali et al. 2003 from two indian major carp fishes. | the present communication deals with description of one new species of myxobolus (myxozoa: myxosporea: bivalvulida), m. sclerii sp. nov. infecting eye ball of catla catla (hamilton) and redescription of m. stomum infecting scales of labeo rohita (hamilton), two major carps of kanjali and ropar wetlands respectively. spores of m. sclerii sp. nov. measure 7.9-9.5(8.7 ± 1.13) × 4.3-5.7(5 ± 0.98) μm in size. parietal folds absent. polar capsules two, equal and measuring 4-5.4(4.7 ± 0.98) × 1-2.6(1.8 ... | 2010 | 21526031 |
| antimicrobial activity of leucas aspera engineered silver nanoparticles against aeromonas hydrophila in infected catla catla. | this research describes green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (agnps) utilizing leucas aspera. the synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by uv-visible spectroscopy (uv-vis), dynamic light scattering (dls), transmission electron microscopy (tem), fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (ftir) and inductively coupled plasmon optical emission spectroscopy (icp-oes). uv-vis analysis proved the wavelength of the sample to be 429 nm, resembling the surface resonance peak (spr) specific for a ... | 2013 | 23603038 |
| dietary bacillus subtilis fptb13 and chitin, single or combined, modulate systemic and cutaneous mucosal immunity and resistance of catla, catla catla (hamilton) against edwardsiellosis. | effects of dietary administration of bacillus subtilis fptb13 and chitin, single or combined, on the systemic immunity, mucosal immunity and resistance of catla (catla catla) against edwardsiella tarda infection were investigated. the probiotic attributes of b. subtilis was tested by conducting antagonism study, safety in catla, in vitro immunomodulation and dietary immunomodulation. results of these studies indicated the probiotic potential of the strain. from the preliminary dietary immunomodu ... | 2015 | 26616655 |
| comparative analysis of innate immune parameters of the skin mucous secretions from certain freshwater teleosts, inhabiting different ecological niches. | the innate immune system of fish is considered first line of defense against a broad spectrum of pathogens. being a component of innate immunity and lying at the interface between fish and the aqueous environment, skin mucus plays a frontier role in protecting fish from infections. in the present study, skin mucus of cirrhinus mrigala, labeo rohita, catla catla, rita rita and channa punctata, inhabiting different ecological niches, was analyzed to characterize potential innate immune factors suc ... | 2012 | 22350522 |
| inactivated probiotic bacteria stimulate cellular immune responses of catla, catla catla (hamilton) in vitro. | in the present study, we investigated the in vitro immunostimulatory effects of inactivated form of two potential probiotics, bacillus amyloliquefaciens fptb16 and b. subtilis fptb13 in catla (catla catla). catla head kidney leukocytes (hk) were incubated with the bacteria alive or inactivated with heat shock (2 h at 60 °c), uv light (for 2.5 h) and formalin (1.0%, v/v) treatment (for 24 h at 4 °c) at different concentrations (10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) cells ml(-1)). after incubation, different cel ... | 2015 | 25736432 |
| physiological responses of catla catla larvae fed with achyranthes aspera seed enriched diet and exposed to uv-b radiation. | the antioxidant and growth stimulating properties of seeds of achyranthes aspera were evaluated on uv-b irradiated catla catla (catla) larvae. catla larvae (initial weight: 1.2 ± 0.01 mg) were fed with four different diets--d1, d2 and d3 containing 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5% seeds of a. aspera and d4, control diet for 35 days. the larvae were then exposed to uv-b radiation (80 μw/cm2) on every alternate day for 20 days. survival, growth, tissue glutamic oxaloacetic transminase (got), tissue glutamate py ... | 2015 | 26118127 |
| effect of ambient storage on the quality characteristics of aerobically packaged fish curls incorporated with different flours. | the present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ambient storage on the quality attributes of aerobically packaged fish curls incorporated with optimum levels of different flours. the curls were developed by extrusion technology using fish meat (catla catla). the fish curls containing optimum levels of different flours viz. 20 percent corn flour, 10 percent black gram flour and 10 percent peanut flour were compared with the control snacks containing 30 percent rice flour and assessed fo ... | 2014 | 24624316 |
| quality changes in fish burger from catla (catla catla) during refrigerated storage. | fish burgers from catla (catla catla) were assessed for proximate, chemical, microbiological and sensory quality changes over 17 days of refrigerated storage at 4 (±1) °c. the changes in proximate analysis of fish burgers were found to be significant at p < 0.01. the values of peroxide value, free fatty acid, thiobarbutric acid and total volatile base nitrogen at the end of storage increased significantly at p < 0.01 were determined as 4.98 (±0.22) meqo2/kg of fat, 0.94 (±0.01)% of oleic acid, 0 ... | 2015 | 25745254 |
| molecular characterization of flavobacterium columnare isolated from a natural outbreak of columnaris disease in farmed fish, catla catla from india. | flavobacterium columnare is currently one of the important bacterial pathogens causing columnaris disease in several farmed fish species across diverse geographies. a presumptive columnaris disease outbreak in farmed catla, catla catla (hamilton), was investigated with the aim of isolating and identifying the causative pathogen. f. columnare (strain rdc-1) was isolated from gills of infected fish and identified by conventional biochemical methods, and through species specific polymerase chain re ... | 2013 | 24492600 |
| development and characterization of cell line from the gill tissue of catla catla (hamilton, 1822) for toxicological studies. | catla gill cell line (icg) was established from gill tissue of indian major carp (catla catla), a freshwater fish cultivated in india. the cell line was maintained in leibovitz's l-15 supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. these cells have been sub-cultured more than 55 passages over a period of 2 years. the icg cell line consists predominantly of epithelial-like cells. the cells were able to grow at a wide range of temperatures from 24°c to 32°c with an optimum temperature of 28°c. the growt ... | 2013 | 23237299 |
| effect of relative immobilization on histochemical characteristics of various fibre types in myotomal muscle of the indian major carp (catla catla) fingerlings. | | 2011 | 3666828 |
| nutrients budget and effluents characteristics in polyculture of scampi (macrobrachium rosenbergii) and indian major carps ponds using organic inputs. | experiments were conducted for the study of nutrient budget in farmers' ponds (0.4-0.6 ha) in orissa, india, at stocking densities of 0.30-0.38/m(2) for scampi (macrobrachium rosenbergii) and 0.60-0.70/m(2) for indian major carps (catla catla, labeo rohita and cirrhinus mrigala). the average initial body weights of scampi and the major carps were 0.02 and 8-10 g, respectively. the culture period was 272-292 days. feed was the main input. the fcr (feed conversion ratio) varied from 1.78 to 1.83. ... | 2012 | 22864442 |
| human exposure to trace metals and arsenic via consumption of fish from river chenab, pakistan and associated health risks. | this study provided the first hand data of trace elements into fish muscles (n = 65) collected from river chenab in pakistan during 2013, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (icp-ms). we monitored the health risk associated with consumption of contaminated fish of river chenab, by the local population. the mean concentrations (μg/g, wet weight), in descending order were: zn (35.5-54.4), cu (1.38-4.57), mn (2.43-4.5), as (0.23-1.21), cr (0.21-0.67), ni (0.14-0.34), pb (0.14-0.31), ... | 2017 | 27816286 |
| biosynthesis of reduced graphene oxide nanosheets and their in vitro cytotoxicity against cardiac cell lines of catla catla. | this work reports a one-step simple synthesis method for functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rgo) nanosheets by a platanus orientalis leaf extract polyphenol-mediated deoxygenation of graphene oxide (go). microscopic and spectroscopic characterization revealed the successful deoxygenation of go and subsequent stabilization by oxidized polyphenols of plant extract. x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, raman spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction analyses were used to examine the reduction of go. fou ... | 2016 | 27770659 |
| effect of edwardsiella tarda immunization on systemic immune response, mucosal immune response and protection in catla (catla catla). | the effect of immunization on systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune responses of fish and their possible relation with protection has not been fully assessed. in this study, healthy catla (catla catla) were immunized against edwardsiella tarda using two antigenic preparations namely, whole cell bacterin (b) and bacterin mixed with freund's complete adjuvant in a 1:1 (v/v) ratio (b+a) followed by a booster dose after 3 weeks of first injection. different systemic and cutaneous mucosal immune resp ... | 2014 | 24477841 |
| in vitro immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla catla catla (hamilton). | immunopathogenesis of edwardsiella tarda in catla (catla catla) was evaluated by in vitro interaction of catla head kidney (hk) phagocytes with the bacterium. interactions of e. tarda with catla hk phagocytes were studied by light microscopy as well as by phagocytosis, intracellular replication, superoxide anion and nitric oxide production assays. both opsonised and non-opsonized bacteria could adhere to, survive and replicate within phagocytes. furthermore, there was no significant alteration i ... | 2013 | 23587681 |
| functional and health promoting inherent attributes of enterococcus hirae f2 as a novel probiotic isolated from the digestive tract of the freshwater fish catla catla. | probiotic microorganisms are gaining global importance because of their use in the preparation of a nutraceutical or in the treatment of infections. as per the health industry demand, there is an urgent need for exploring new indigenous probiotic strains with its specific origin due to variation in gut microflora, different food habits and specific host-microbial interactions. the main objective of the present study was to isolate and identify a novel probiotic enterococcus strain from the gut o ... | 2017 | 28316889 |
| influences of exogenous melatonin on the oocyte growth and oxidative status of ovary during different reproductive phases of an annual cycle in carp catla catla. | the present study aimed to evaluate antioxidant role of melatonin in determining seasonality of ovarian growth in adult carp catla catla. accordingly, an identical regimen of exogenous melatonin administration (100 μg/100 g body weight per day for 15 days) was followed during the preparatory, prespawning, and spawning phases of an annual reproductive cycle. the study did not include postspawning phase, when the ovaries were completely regressed and devoid of any healthy growing follicles. the ov ... | 2017 | 27743691 |
| gene expression in catla catla (hamilton) subjected to acute and protracted doses of gamma radiation. | studies on transcriptional modulation after gamma radiation exposure in fish are limited. cell cycle perturbations and expression of apoptotic genes were investigated in the fish, catla catla after acute and protracted exposures to gamma radiation over a 90day period. significant changes in gene expression were observed between day 1 and 90 post-exposure. gamma radiation induced a significant down-regulation of target genes gadd45α, cdk1 and bcl-2 from day 1 to day 3 after protracted exposure, w ... | 2016 | 27497304 |
| molecular characterization of kisspeptin gene and effect of nano-encapsulted kisspeptin-10 on reproductive maturation in catla catla. | kisspeptin, a member of the rf-amide-related peptide family, has emerged recently as an essential gatekeeper of various reproductive processes via its ability to activate kisspeptin receptors at puberty. in this study, the kiss1 gene and its receptor kiss1rb were cloned and characterized from the brain of catla catla. further, the effects of kissppetin-10 (k-10) and chitosan-encapsulated k-10 nanoparticles (ck-10) on gene expression were assessed. the full-length complementary dna sequence of ki ... | 2016 | 27088601 |
| variation in genotoxic susceptibility and biomarker responses in cirrhinus mrigala and catla catla from different ecological niches of the chenab river. | a large number of methods have been applied to evaluate genotoxic damage in different aquatic species. comet assay, as a method for detecting dna alterations, and micronucleus test, as an index of chromosomal damage are the most widely used and authentic methods in laboratory and field studies. the primary objective of the study was to evaluate the genotoxic effects of heavy metals generated by toxic industrial effluents and various kinds of pollutants from urban and agricultural areas and domes ... | 2016 | 27068917 |
| gamma radiation induced cell cycle perturbations and dna damage in catla catla as measured by flow cytometry. | gamma radiation induced cell cycle perturbations and dna damage in catla catla were analyzed in erythrocytes at different time points using flow cytometry (fcm). protracted exposure to radiation induced damage between days 12 and 45. disturbances in cell cycle machinery, i.e., proportional increase and decrease in gap0 or quiescent/gap1 (g0/g1), synthesis (s) and gap2/mitotic (g2/m) phases were observed at both acute and protracted treatments. both acute and protracted exposures induced apoptosi ... | 2015 | 25483367 |