| [irritability and behavior of anopheles sacharovi favre in treated dwellings in villages of the azaerbaijan ssr]. | | 1977 | 141597 |
| some aspects of epidemiology of resurgent malaria in turkey. | the resurgence of autochthonous plasmodium vivax malaria in turkey is a matter of considerable concern. anopheles sacharovi is the important vector but other species, notably a. superpictus, may play a role in transmission. the epidemiology is discussed in terms of factors related to the mosquito, factors related to the human host and human ecology as it affects dispersal of the parasite. although the development of insecticide resistance is grave, the present situation is mainly attributable to ... | 1978 | 366812 |
| behavioural differences in field populations of anopheles sacharovi in turkey and in selected strains of anopheles atroparus. | | 1977 | 617922 |
| [a trial of the possible joint use of mermithids and bacterial preparations for the control of mosquito larvae]. | the action of bacterial insecticides based on bacillus thuringiensis h-14 and b. sphaericus in a dose of 0.005-2 mg/l on the mermithids romanomermis iyengari, r. culicivorax and r. jingdeensis was studied. it was shown that though bacterial agents suppressed mermithid preparasite larvae density about 30-40%, the survivors might invade 100% of mosquito larvae. the viability and fertility of adult mermithids did not change under the influence of bactoculicide in doses 5-50 times higher than those ... | 1992 | 1435554 |
| insecticide resistance gene frequencies in anopheles sacharovi populations of the cukurova plain, adana province, turkey. | in turkey, the mosquito anopheles sacharovi has been under field selection pressure sequentially with ddt, dieldrin, malathion and pirimiphosmethyl over a period of 30 years for the purpose of malaria control. in 1984, the field population of an.sacharovi in the malarious cukurova plain of adana province contained an altered acetylcholinesterase-based resistance gene giving broad spectrum resistance against organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides. the cross-resistance spectrum from this mech ... | 1992 | 1463899 |
| residual efficacy of pirimiphos methyl (actellic) on anopheles sacharovi in cukurova, turkey. | village-scale trials of 50% emulsifiable concentrate (ec) and 40% wettable powder (wp) formulations of pirimiphos methyl (actellic) were carried out against anopheles sacharovi in cukurova, turkey. susceptibility tests with wild caught, gonoactive and composite aged an. sacharovi over a range of chemical concentrations resulted in 100% mortality after exposure for 60 min to a 0.5% active ingredient concentration. surface treatments of actellic 50% ec at 0.9 g/m2 caused a significant decrease in ... | 1992 | 1583488 |
| comparison of experimental infectivity and development of plasmodium vivax in anopheles sacharovi and an. superpictus in turkey. | a study has been made of the infectivity and the sporogenic development of plasmodium vivax in anopheles sacharovi and an. superpictus under experimental conditions. an. superpictus showed a slightly lower rate of feeding on human bait, oocyst development, and sporozoite infection of the salivary glands, with ratios of 89.3:100, 89:100, and 98:100, respectively. an. superpictus completed sporogony in 10-14 days with an average of 11.7 days, and an. sacharovi within 8-12 days with an average of 9 ... | 1990 | 2180330 |
| spatial and temporal changes in the distribution of anopheles sacharovi in israel. | | 1985 | 4077476 |
| prevalence of mixed blood meals and double feeding in a malaria vector (anopheles sacharovi favre). | a study was undertaken in a greek village during 1970 to determine the degree of mixed feeding in a population of anopheles sacharovi favre. exhaustive precipitin testing of 1 025 bloodmeals from 5 sites representing 3 different biotopes revealed that 91 (8.9%) of the 1 021 positive meals contained blood from 2 serologically distinct hosts. in a routine survey in 1971, when the testing was not as exhaustive, mixed meals were detected in only 2 (0.1%) of 1 798 smears tested. in the 1970 study, no ... | 1973 | 4544148 |
| resurgence of anopheles sacharovi following malaria eradication. | in the lamia plain, greece, 12 years after the cessation of ddt spraying, anopheles sacharovi is still present in very high densities and appears to have the same biting habits and host preferences as previously. mosquitos of this species are still resistant to ddt and dieldrin. | 1973 | 4544780 |
| experience with mass drug administration as a supplementary attack measure in areas of vivax malaria. | mass drug administration was introduced in syria to supplement ddt spraying after the main malaria vector anopheles sacharovi had developed considerable resistance to the insecticide. mass administration of weekly doses of chloroquine and pyrimethamine was carried out in the ghab area from august to october, the coverage obtained being over 80% for most of the time. the number of cases with positive blood films declined rapidly from august onwards. entomological observations showed that the hous ... | 1972 | 4573215 |
| recent developments of insecticide resistance in some turkish anophelines. | susceptibility tests carried out since 1974 in both the field and the laboratory with anopheles sacharovi, a. hyrcanus and a. maculipennis from turkey have revealed resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in all three species, in the first two in the southern chukurova plain and in the third in the northern area around osmanjik. resistance was indicated by significant survivals when exposed to dosages killing presumed susceptible strains of these and other anopheline species. t ... | 1980 | 6154145 |
| [finding of a parasitic fungus of the genus coelomomyces (phycomycetes, blastocladiales) in anopheles sacharovi favre, 1903 mosquitoes in the azerbaijan ssr]. | | 1982 | 6215566 |
| [fertility of female anopheles sacharovi favre mosquitoes in populations resistant to ddt in azerbaijan]. | | 1983 | 6221183 |
| [sensitivity of anopheles sacharovi favre. mosquitoes to malathion, propoxur and ddt in the azerbaijan ssr]. | | 1984 | 6232449 |
| [annual and seasonal changes in the level of ddt sensitivity of the main malarial vector in the azerbaijan ssr, anopheles sacharovi (favre)]. | | 1980 | 6445479 |
| bloodfeeding behavior of anopheles sacharovi in turkey. | the feeding habits of anopheles sacharovi under natural conditions and in feeding rooms were investigated by use of the gel diffusion technique. mosquitoes were collected from various villages of cukurova and also from feeding rooms especially prepared for these experiments. human, cow, sheep, chicken, horse, and donkey were used as hosts in these rooms. the results showed that an. sacharovi is a zoophilic species. the females preferred donkey when human, cow, sheep, chicken, and horse were equa ... | 1995 | 7616176 |
| [the effect of iuvemon on oogenesis in female anopheles sacharovi favre mosquitoes and their infection with the malarial causative agent plasmodium gallinaceum brumpt]. | the paper provides evidence that the an. sacharovi females which do not develop mature eggs after blood-sucking on the malaria-infected donor could not be infected by the bird malaria agent p. gallinaceum. the addition of juvemon (an analogue of juvenile hormone) to glucose solution (mosquito carbohydrate diet) before blood meal stimulates the vitellogenesis of the mosquito after blood digestion, as clearly demonstrated on the female with an incomplete portion of the infected blood. this study h ... | 1994 | 7715553 |
| [residual anophelism in italy: distribution in 4 southern regions]. | about 40 years after malaria eradication from italy, the potential vectors of this disease, anopheles labranchiae, anopheles superpictus and anopheles sacharovi, are still present in some regions of the south. since 1991 the laboratory of parasitology, istituto superiore di sanità, in collaboration with the local health authorities, carried out an investigation to assess the levels of these potential anopheline vectors in calabria, puglia, sicily and sardinia. a. labranchiae, the most important ... | 1994 | 7865027 |
| [the influence of reproductive system function in female mosquitoes on their capacity for infection with the causative agent of malaria]. | the study of the vector-agent model (anopheles sacharovi-plasmodium gallinaceum) has shown that the development of ovaries of the vector stimulates its receptivity to the malaria agent. in the case of braking of follicle development the mosquitos were nearly not infected. the capability of mosquitos to be infected without previous carbohydrate feed is confirmed. the influences of the age of mosquitos and the quantity of blood soaked up on the egg development and on the receptivity to malaria age ... | 1993 | 8414647 |
| status of malaria vectors in italy. | about 30 yr after malaria eradication, surveys to assess the presence and abundance of anopheline vectors were carried out in central and southern italy and in the islands of sardinia and sicily from 1992 to 1994. anopheles labranchiae falleroni was present in scattered foci in all regions, except for tuscany, where it breeds almost exclusively in rice fields (grosseto province). most common breeding sites were rivers and streams, followed by ponds and ground pools. the highest adult density was ... | 1997 | 9151488 |
| [the relation of the degree of water salinity to oviposition by female blood-sucking mosquitoes]. | anopheles sacharovi, an. atropatvus, an. pulcherrimus, an. superpictus. an. stephensi, culex pipiens females to prefer fresh water for their oviposition. the differences between them are that the an.stephensi and culex pipiens avoid high salinity values more frequently than other species. the eggs of a all the species studied do not survive at 2% salinity. the an. sacharovi eggs are more resistant to salinity while the an. pulcherrimus ones are less resistant. nevertheless, the females of all th ... | 1997 | 9304030 |
| [residual mosquitoes in the northern adriatic seacoast 50 years after the disappearance of malaria]. | the northern adriatic sea littoral was heavily malarious; intensive land drainages, agricultural development and socioeconomic improvement were the key factors which led to malaria eradication, sped up by indoor insecticide spraying, achieved soon after world war ii. regular observations on anophelism were carried out by the istituto interprovinciale per la lotta antimalarica nelle venezie from middle 20's until early 60's. the main vector was anopheles sacharovi, a species which typically bred ... | 1998 | 10645555 |
| [the effect of antihormones on the susceptibility of anopheles sacharovi favre. mosquitoes to the causative agent of malaria plasmodium gallinaceum brumpt]. | a laboratory model of circulation of the malaria causative agent p. gallinaceum has been used to show that the effect of precocene (antijuvenoid) leads to a statistically significant reduction in the proportion of infected females developing eggs after blood suction. the females failing to develop eggs are not infected. trichopol (antiexdisone) inhibits vitellogenesis the females undeveloping eggs become susceptible to the causative agent though to a lesser degree than those developing them. the ... | 1999 | 10703207 |
| insecticide resistance in anopheles sacharovi favre in southern turkey. | we report the resistance to 12 insecticides of specimens of anopheles sacharovi, both in laboratory cultures and those collected in the malarious areas of adana, adiyaman, antalya, aydin, and muğla in southern turkey. mortality was higher 24 h after exposure than immediately after exposure but was unaffected by temperature (24 degrees c or 29 degrees c) or the position of the test kit (horizontal or vertical). in adana, adiyaman and antalya, a. sacharovi was susceptible only to malathion and pir ... | 2000 | 10859863 |
| bionomics of anopheles sacharovi in ardebil province, northwestern iran during a larval control program. | studies were conducted on the ecology of anopheles sacharovi over a period of 12 months in parsabad and germi counties, ardebil province, iran. the species was active from june to late november with one peak of activity in early august on the plain of parsabad, and from late june to late november with one peak of activity in late august in mountainous areas of germi. chemical analysis of the water in larval habitats showed that the water contained calcium bicarbonate and sodium sulphate, and the ... | 2001 | 11311184 |
| anopheles sacharovi (diptera: culicidae): a reemerging malaria vector in the ararat valley of armenia. | in 1994, the first indigenous case of malaria since the 1960s was reported in armenia, and the number of cases quickly increased in the ensuing years. in 1998, a roll-back malaria program was developed to eliminate the recently established foci of malaria infection and to prevent the reestablishment of malaria in armenia. as part of this program, we carried out entomological surveys to identify the potential malaria vectors in the ararat valley, the area where most of the indigenous malaria case ... | 2002 | 12061438 |
| detection of knockdown resistance mutations in anopheles sacharovi (diptera: culicidae) and genetic distance with anopheles gambiae (diptera: culicidae) using cdna sequencing of the voltage-gated sodium channel gene. | the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene (vgscg), an important resistance mechanism against pyrethroids, was studied in anopheles sacharovi favre. it was found that the specific primers agd1 and agd2 used for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification of anopheles gambiae giles vgscg also amplified this genomic region in an. sacharovi. comparison of the iis4-iis6 domain segments of the gene indicated 70% nucleotides common to both species and a genetic ... | 2002 | 12495185 |
| effect of insecticide-treated bednets for malaria control in southeast anatolia-turkey. | deltamethrin is one of the most effective insecticides for vector control, already widely used for bednet impregnation to control malaria. to evaluate the efficacy of deltamethrin-impregnated bednets in malaria control and in reducing the biting nuisance caused by anopheles sacharovi, field trials were carried out in an endemic area of malaria in the surrounding rural settlements of sanliurfa city, se anatolia, turkey. preliminary studies commenced in august 1999 with pre-intervention house-to-h ... | 2003 | 12831134 |
| evidence of the development of resistance to ddt by anopheles sacharovi in the levant. | resting a. sacharovi reappeared in the autumn of 1953 on some walls in certain localities of north lebanon which had been treated with ddt during the preceding 18 months. tests were made on the spot with female mosquitos having a known minimum contact of 5 to 15 minutes with ddt residues, chemically estimated at 0.1-2.0 g/m(2). the resulting mortality within 48 hours (corrected to allow for deaths observed in the control runs) was 60.1% and 45.1% according to the technique used, compared with 10 ... | 1954 | 13209325 |
| insecticide resistance in anopheles sacharovi. | a series of observations is presented on the susceptibility or resistance to insecticides of anopheles sacharovi in greece, iran, italy, romania and turkey. high physiological resistance to ddt was observed in the tarsus area of southern turkey. in greece very marked physiological resistance to dieldrin was found in all the areas examined and was associated, at least in the peloponnese, with similar resistance to ddt, affecting, however, only a part of the sacharovi population. in italy and roma ... | 1959 | 13847916 |
| [biological observations on a laboratory strain of anopheles sacharovi]. | | 1965 | 14343722 |
| artificial bloodfeeding of anopheles sacharovi on a membrane apparatus. | anopheles sacharovi, the main human malaria vector in turkey, has been maintained in our laboratory by feeding on anesthetized rabbits for about 20 years but it is a difficult species to colonize and bloodfeed. to eliminate the need for keeping and using live rabbits to supply blood meals, artificial bloodfeeding methods with suitable membrane apparatus were investigated. the feeding apparatus designed by the world health organization and 3 other types designed by us (for feeding on preserved hu ... | 2003 | 14710738 |
| genetic diversity of plasmodium vivax isolates from azerbaijan. | plasmodium vivax, although causing a less serious disease than plasmodium falciparum, is the most widespread of the four human malarial species. further to the recent recrudescence of p. vivax cases in the newly independent states (nis) of central asia, a survey on the genetic diversity and dissemination in azerbaijan was undertaken. azerbaijan is at the crossroads of asia and, as such, could see a rise in the number of cases, although an effective malaria control programme has been established ... | 2004 | 15535878 |
| variability in natural populations of anopheles sacharovi (diptera: culicidae) from southeast anatolia, revealed by morphometric and allozymic analyses. | four populations of anopheles sacharovi favre occurring in different ecological subregions at altitudes between 353-1,126 m in the sanliurfa province of southeast turkey were compared using morphometric and allozyme analyses. four allozyme loci were assessed for genetic differentiation among samples from four localities. the similarity phenogram obtained from the allozyme data showed that populations at birecik and sandi branched as a separate group from the pamuklu and gedik populations. the ge ... | 2005 | 16599154 |
| [efficient and permanent impact of two insecticides with the active ingredient, temephos, on mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) larvae.] | the efficiency of two insecticides with the active ingredient, temephos (tambro(r) 500 ec and ekolarv(r) 500 ec), in laboratory and field conditions on anopheles sacharovi favre, and culex pipiens (linnaeus) larvae has been determined. under laboratory conditions, it has been determined that both species are sensitive to insecticides. under field conditions, 100% of larval mortality has been found even with the lowest (0.05 l/ha) of insecticide doses. it has been found that there was no differen ... | 2005 | 17160841 |
| molecular identification of palearctic members of anopheles maculipennis in northern iran. | members of anopheles maculipennis complex are effective malaria vectors in europe and the caspian sea region in northern iran, where malaria has been re-introduced since 1994. the current study has been designed in order to provide further evidence on the status of species composition and to identify more accurately the members of the maculipennis complex in northern iran. | 2007 | 17233887 |
| host choice and human blood index of anopheles pseudopunctipennis in a village of the andean valleys of bolivia. | the human blood index (hbi, proportion of bloodmeals of a mosquito population obtained from man) is relevant to epidemiological assessment and to the modification of measures to interrupt malaria transmission since the vectorial capacity of the vector varies as the square of the hbi. anopheles pseudopunctipennis is a main malaria vector in south america. unfortunately, few data exist concerning hbi values in its range of distribution and none from bolivia where this species is considered as an i ... | 2007 | 17241459 |
| geographic differentiation of life table attributes among anopheles sacharovi (diptera: culicidae) populations in turkey. | biological data were compared under laboratory conditions for four local populations of the malaria vector, anopheles sacharovi (favre, 1903) in different ecological conditions at altitudes between 353 and 1,126 m in the sanliurfa province of turkey. no significant differences were found for complete development time from egg to adult among the populations and development times were not correlated with altitude. based on cohorts of adults in each population, horizontal life tables were construct ... | 2006 | 17249345 |
| molecular characterization of the anopheles maculipennis complex during surveillance for the 2004 olympic games in athens. | specimens belonging to the anopheles maculipennis complex were collected as larvae or resting adults from may 2003 to november 2004 in the area of the athens 2004 olympic rowing centre in schinias, attiki, greece, and identified by morphological and molecular analyses. of the 201 specimens collected, 199 were found to be anopheles sacharovi favre and two were an. maculipennis meigen s.s. on the basis of similarity to published sequence data for the rdna internal transcribed spacer (its2) region ... | 2007 | 17373945 |
| how human practices have affected vector-borne diseases in the past: a study of malaria transmission in alpine valleys. | malaria was endemic in the rhône-alpes area of eastern france in the 19th century and life expectancy was particularly shortened in alpine valleys. this study was designed to determine how the disease affected people in the area and to identify the factors influencing malaria transmission. | 2007 | 17727700 |
| prevalence of plasmodium spp. in malaria asymptomatic african migrants assessed by nucleic acid sequence based amplification. | malaria is one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. although most cases are found distributed in the tropical regions of africa, asia, central and south americas, there is in europe a significant increase in the number of imported cases in non-endemic countries, in particular due to the higher mobility in today's society. | 2009 | 19138412 |
| molecular characterization of antifolates resistance-associated genes, (dhfr and dhps) in plasmodium vivax isolates from the middle east. | in iran, co-infections of plasmodium vivax and plasmodium falciparum are common and p. vivax infections are often exposed to sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (sp). in the present study, the frequency distribution of mutations associated to sp resistance was investigated in pvdhfr and pvdhps genes from field isolates. | 2009 | 19175936 |
| factors involved in the re-emergence of malaria in borderline of iran, armenia, azerbaijan and turkey. | the borderline of iran with azerbaijan, armenia and turkey had been considered a malaria free region. however, in 1991, after the independence of the southern countries of the former soviet union, a new threat of malaria importation emerged from those countries into iran, which was affected by serious epidemics of plasmodium vivax malaria. various factors can affect malaria resurgence in this region, such as socioeconomic conditions, especially the displacement of massive populations from war-st ... | 2003 | 19238663 |
| analysis of von willebrand factor a domain-related protein (warp) polymorphism in temperate and tropical plasmodium vivax field isolates. | the identification of key molecules is crucial for designing transmission-blocking vaccines (tbvs), among those ookinete micronemal proteins are candidate as a general class of malaria transmission-blocking targets. here, the sequence analysis of an extra-cellular malaria protein expressed in ookinetes, named von willebrand factor a domain-related protein (warp), is reported in 91 plasmodium vivax isolates circulating in different regions of iran. | 2009 | 19549316 |
| presence of two alternative kdr-like mutations, l1014f and l1014s, and a novel mutation, v1010l, in the voltage gated na+ channel of anopheles culicifacies from orissa, india. | knockdown resistance in insects resulting from mutation(s) in the voltage gated na+ channel (vgsc) is one of the mechanisms of resistance against ddt and pyrethroids. recently a point mutation leading to leu-to-phe substitution in the vgsc at residue 1014, a most common kdr mutation in insects, was reported in anopheles culicifacies-a major malaria vector in the indian subcontinent. this study reports the presence of two additional amino acid substitutions in the vgsc of an an. culicifacies popu ... | 2010 | 20509922 |
| malaria risk in corsica, former hot spot of malaria in france. | background: the prevalence of plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax malaria was very high in corsica just before the second world war. the last outbreak was in 1972 and the most recent indigenous case was in 2006. results: analysis of historical data shows that anopheline vectors were abundant. recent surveys demonstrated that potential vectors are still present in corsica, despite the likely disappearance of anopheles sacharovi. moreover, p. falciparum can develop experimentally into these ... | 2010 | 20704707 |
| detection of 1014f kdr mutation in four major anopheline malaria vectors in indonesia. | malaria is a serious public health problem in indonesia, particularly in areas outside java and bali. the spread of resistance to the currently available anti-malarial drugs or insecticides used for mosquito control would cause an increase in malaria transmission. to better understand patterns of transmission and resistance in indonesia, an integrated mosquito survey was conducted in three areas with different malaria endemicities, purworejo in central java, south lampung district in sumatera an ... | 2010 | 21054903 |
| the dominant anopheles vectors of human malaria in africa, europe and the middle east: occurrence data, distribution maps and bionomic précis. | abstract: | 2010 | 21129198 |
| genetic and phenotypic variation of the malaria vector anopheles atroparvus in southern europe. | there is a growing concern that global climate change will affect the potential for pathogen transmission by insect species that are vectors of human diseases. one of these species is the former european malaria vector, anopheles atroparvus. levels of population differentiation of an. atroparvus from southern europe were characterized as a first attempt to elucidate patterns of population structure of this former malaria vector. results are discussed in light of a hypothetical situation of re-es ... | 2011 | 21223582 |
| a research agenda for malaria eradication: modeling. | malaria modeling can inform policy and guide research for malaria elimination and eradication from local implementation to global policy. a research and development agenda for malaria modeling is proposed, to support operations and to enhance the broader eradication research agenda. models are envisioned as an integral part of research, planning, and evaluation, and modelers should ideally be integrated into multidisciplinary teams to update the models iteratively, communicate their appropriate ... | 2011 | 21283605 |
| malaria in turkey: successful control and strategies for achieving elimination. | turkey is located in the middle of asia, africa and europe, close to caucasia, balkans and middle east in subtropical climate zone. malaria has been known since the early ages of human history and it was one of the leading diseases in anatolian history, as well. today, chloroquine-sensitive plasmodium vivax is the only agent of autochthonous malaria cases in turkey. the other plasmodium species identified are isolated from imported cases of malaria. the most common vector of malaria in turkey is ... | 2011 | 21781952 |
| comparative evaluation of systemic drugs for their effects against anopheles gambiae. | laboratory and field studies have shown that ivermectin, a drug that targets invertebrate ligand-gated ion channels (lgics), is potently active against anopheles spp. mosquitoes at concentrations present in human blood after standard drug administrations; thus ivermectin holds promise as a mass human-administered endectocide that could help suppress malaria parasite transmission. we evaluated other systemic lgic-targeting drugs for their activities against the african malaria vector anopheles ga ... | 2012 | 22019935 |
| [the effect of density and temperature on the larval populations of the malaria vector anopheles sacharovi]. | 9 variants of cultivation of larvae at different population density (3.3-842.1 sp. per dm2), have been tested at 7 different temperatures (from 21 +/- 1 to 32 +/- 1 degrees c) each. quantitative characteristics of the effect of 2 factors on the survival of larvae and duration of larval development are presented. sexual structure of population is practically unchanged at density of the larvae (6.6-26.3 sp. per dm2), but in rarefied or extremely dense populations the males were prevailing. 233-290 ... | 1996 | 2352515 |
| larval habitat characteristics of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) and a checklist of mosquitoes in guilan province, northern iran. | ecological data are important in the vector control management of mosquitoes. there is scattered published information about the larval habitat characteristics and ecology of the genus anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in iran and most of available data is in relation to malaria vectors in southern iran. | 2011 | 22808409 |
| west nile virus state of the art report of malwest project. | during the last three years greece is experiencing the emergence of west nile virus (wnv) epidemics. within this framework, an integrated surveillance and control programme (malwest project) with thirteen associate partners was launched aiming to investigate the disease and suggest appropriate interventions. one out of seven work packages of the project is dedicated to the state of the art report for wnv. three expert working groups on humans, animals and mosquitoes were established. medical dat ... | 2013 | 24317379 |
| west nile virus circulation in mosquitoes in greece (2010-2013). | background of the study. following a large west nile virus (wnv) epidemic in northern greece in 2010, an active mosquito surveillance system was implemented, for a 3-year period (2011, 2012, and 2013). description of the study site and methodology. using mainly co2 mosquito traps, mosquito collections were performed. samples were pooled by date of collection, location, and species and examined for the presence of wnv. results. positive pools were detected in different areas of the country. in 20 ... | 2016 | 27294111 |
| prevention of malaria resurgence in greece through the association of mass drug administration (mda) to immigrants from malaria-endemic regions and standard control measures. | greece was declared malaria-free in 1974 after a long antimalarial fight. in 2011-2012, an outbreak of p. vivax malaria was reported in evrotas, an agricultural area in southern greece, where a large number of immigrants from endemic countries live and work. a total of 46 locally acquired and 38 imported malaria cases were detected. despite a significant decrease of the number of malaria cases in 2012, a mass drug administration (mda) program was considered as an additional measure to prevent re ... | 2015 | 26583650 |
| genotyping plasmodium vivax isolates from the 2011 outbreak in greece. | plasmodium vivax malaria was common in greece until the 1950s with epidemics involving thousands of cases every year. greece was declared free of malaria by the world health organization in 1974. from 1974 to 2010, an average of 39 cases per year were reported, which were mainly imported. however, in 2009 and 2010 six and one autochthonous cases were reported culminating with a total of 40 autochthonous cases reported in 2011, of which 34 originated from a single region: laconia of southern pelo ... | 2013 | 24373457 |
| anopheles plumbeus (diptera: culicidae) in europe: a mere nuisance mosquito or potential malaria vector? | anopheles plumbeus has been recognized as a minor vector for human malaria in europe since the beginning of the 20th century. in recent years this tree hole breeding mosquito species appears to have exploited novel breeding sites, including large and organically rich man-made containers, with consequently larger mosquito populations in close vicinity to humans. this lead to investigate whether current populations of an. plumbeus would be able to efficiently transmit plasmodium falciparum, the pa ... | 2012 | 23181931 |
| absence of knockdown resistance suggests metabolic resistance in the main malaria vectors of the mekong region. | as insecticide resistance may jeopardize the successful malaria control programmes in the mekong region, a large investigation was previously conducted in the mekong countries to assess the susceptibility of the main malaria vectors against ddt and pyrethroid insecticides. it showed that the main vector, anopheles epiroticus, was highly pyrethroid-resistant in the mekong delta, whereas anopheles minimus sensu lato was pyrethroid-resistant in northern vietnam. anopheles dirus sensu stricto showed ... | 2009 | 19400943 |
| diversification of the genus anopheles and a neotropical clade from the late cretaceous. | the anopheles genus is a member of the culicidae family and consists of approximately 460 recognized species. the genus is composed of 7 subgenera with diverse geographical distributions. despite its huge medical importance, a consensus has not been reached on the phylogenetic relationships among anopheles subgenera. we assembled a comprehensive dataset comprising the coi, coii and 5.8s rrna genes and used maximum likelihood and bayesian inference to estimate the phylogeny and divergence times o ... | 2015 | 26244561 |
| mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene of anophelines and their association with resistance to pyrethroids - a review. | constant and extensive use of chemical insecticides has created a selection pressure and favored resistance development in many insect species worldwide. one of the most important pyrethroid resistance mechanisms is classified as target site insensitivity, due to conformational changes in the target site that impair a proper binding of the insecticide molecule. the voltage-gated sodium channel (nav) is the target of pyrethroids and ddt insecticides, used to control insects of medical, agricultur ... | 2014 | 25292318 |
| the effects of urbanization on global plasmodium vivax malaria transmission. | many recent studies have examined the impact of urbanization on plasmodium falciparum malaria endemicity and found a general trend of reduced transmission in urban areas. however, none has examined the effect of urbanization on plasmodium vivax malaria, which is the most widely distributed malaria species and can also cause severe clinical syndromes in humans. in this study, a set of 10,003 community-based p. vivax parasite rate (pvpr) surveys are used to explore the relationships between pvpr i ... | 2012 | 23217010 |
| the polymorphism and the geographical distribution of the knockdown resistance (kdr) of anopheles sinensis in the republic of korea. | in the republic of korea (rok), six sibling species of the anopheles sinensis complex are considered the vector species of malaria, but data on their susceptibilities to malaria and vector capacities have been controversial. the intensive use of insecticides has contributed to the rapid development and spread of insecticide resistance in the an. sinensis complex. knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroids and ddt in the an. sinensis complex is associated with a mutation in codon 1014 of the volta ... | 2012 | 22554130 |
| the ecology and larval habitats characteristics of anopheline mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in aligudarz county (luristan province, western iran). | to determine ecology and characteristics of the larval habitats of the genus anopheles (dipetra: culicidae) in aligudarz county, western iran. | 0 | 25183088 |
| existence of the rdl mutant alleles among the anopheles malaria vector in indonesia. | the gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptor-chloride channel complex is known to be the target site of dieldrin, a cyclodiene insecticide. gaba-receptors, with a naturally occurring amino acid substitution, a302s/g in the putative ion-channel lining region, confer resistance to cyclodiene insecticides that includes aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, heptachlor, endrin and endosulphan. | 2012 | 22364613 |
| elimination of plasmodium vivax malaria in azerbaijan. | azerbaijan in the south caucasus region of far southeastern europe has a long history of malaria endemicity but just successfully eliminated local transmission. after a period of relatively stable malaria situation (1960-1970), the country witnessed an epidemic followed by a series of outbreaks of various magnitudes in the following two decades, all caused by plasmodium vivax compared with 1993, the number of malaria cases in the country jumped 29 times in 1994, 123 times in 1995, and 571 times ... | 2016 | 27708184 |
| fauna and larval habitat characteristics of mosquitoes in neka county, northern iran. | ecological studies on mosquitoes are very important in vector control programs. there are a few studies about the ecology of mosquitoes in northern iran. this study was carried out to detect fauna and larval habitat characteristics of mosquitoes. | 2015 | 26623437 |
| analysis of the causes of spawning of large-scale, severe malarial epidemics and their rapid total extinction in western provence, historically a highly endemic region of france (1745-1850). | the two main puzzles of this study are the onset and then sudden stopping of severe epidemics in western provence (a highly malaria-endemic region of mediterranean france) without any deliberate counter-measures and in the absence of significant population flux. | 2014 | 24581282 |
| imported malaria in albania and the risk factors that could allow its reappearance. | malaria is an infectious disease gradually becoming a serious concern for public health institutions, even in european countries where the eradication of the disease was previously taken for granted. albania was listed as an endemic area from the beginning of the 20th century, but the disease was gradually under control and some decades after the world war ii it was merely considered a historical curiosity. nevertheless, for many reasons, since 1994 and in increasing trend, albanian health facil ... | 2013 | 23758911 |
| short history of malaria and its eradication in italy with short notes on the fight against the infection in the mediterranean basin. | in italy at the end of 19(th) century, malaria cases amounted to 2 million with 15,000-20,000 deaths per year. malignant tertian malaria was present in central-southern areas and in the islands. early in the 20(th) century, the most important act of the italian parliament was the approval of laws regulating the production and free distribution of quinine and the promotion of measures aiming at the reduction of the larval breeding places of anopheline vectors. the contribution from the italian sc ... | 2012 | 22550561 |
| malaria situation and anopheline mosquitoes in qom province, central iran. | the aims of this study was to analysis the current situation of malaria and to find the distribution of anopheline mosquitoes, as probable vectors of the disease, in qom province, central iran. | 2010 | 22808402 |
| insecticide resistance in malaria-transmitting mosquitoes in zimbabwe: a review. | malaria is a global public health problem, with about 3.2 billion people at risk of infection. the populations at risk mainly reside in africa, asia and america, with african populations accounting for the largest burden of the disease. in 2013, close to 198 million malaria cases were reported, leading to 584,000 deaths. much (90 %) of the mortality rates were recorded from the world health organization (who) database in the african region and 78 % of these occurred in children under the age of ... | 2015 | 26497808 |
| molecular biology of insect sodium channels and pyrethroid resistance. | voltage-gated sodium channels are essential for the initiation and propagation of the action potential in neurons and other excitable cells. because of their critical roles in electrical signaling, sodium channels are targets of a variety of naturally occurring and synthetic neurotoxins, including several classes of insecticides. this review is intended to provide an update on the molecular biology of insect sodium channels and the molecular mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. although mammalian ... | 2014 | 24704279 |
| on the road to eliminate malaria in sri lanka: lessons from history, challenges, gaps in knowledge and research needs. | malaria is one of the most important tropical diseases that has caused devastation throughout the history of mankind. malaria eradication programmes in the past have had many positive effects but failed to wipe out malaria from most tropical countries, including sri lanka. encouraged by the impressive levels of reduction in malaria case numbers during the past decade, sri lanka has launched a programme to eliminate malaria by year 2014. this article reviews the historical milestones associated w ... | 2014 | 24548783 |
| diversity and convergence of sodium channel mutations involved in resistance to pyrethroids. | pyrethroid insecticides target voltage-gated sodium channels, which are critical for electrical signaling in the nervous system. the intensive use of pyrethroids in controlling arthropod pests and disease vectors has led to many instances of pyrethroid resistance around the globe. in the past two decades, studies have identified a large number of sodium channel mutations that are associated with resistance to pyrethroids. the purpose of this review is to summarize both common and unique sodium c ... | 0 | 24019556 |
| larvicidal activity of essential oils of apiaceae plants against malaria vector, anopheles stephensi. | plant extracts and oils may act as alternatives to conventional pesticides for malaria vector control. the aim of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oils of three plants of apiaceae family against anopheles stephensi, the main malaria vector in iran. | 2011 | 22808418 |
| knockdown resistance (kdr)-like mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel of a malaria vector anopheles stephensi and pcr assays for their detection. | knockdown resistance (kdr) in insects, resulting from mutation(s) in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene is one of the mechanisms of resistance against ddt and pyrethroid-group of insecticides. the most common mutation(s) associated with knockdown resistance in insects, including anophelines, has been reported to be present at residue leu1014 in the iis6 transmembrane segment of the vgsc gene. this study reports the presence of two alternative kdr-like mutations, l1014s and l1014f, at t ... | 2011 | 21401946 |
| development of resistance to ddt by anopheles sacharovi in greece. | the ddt house-spraying programme carried out throughout greece between 1946 and 1950 proved highly effective against both the local malaria-vectors (anopheles sacharovi and a. superpictus) and other domestic pests. however, during 1947 the housefly (musca domestica) began to reappear in large numbers, and in subsequent years the development of a similar resistance to ddt was noticed among other domestic pests, such as culex molestus, fleas, bed-bugs, and cockroaches. in 1951, signs of a weakenin ... | 0 | 13066984 |
| assessment of antibody responses in local and immigrant residents of areas with autochthonous malaria transmission in greece. | greece has been officially malaria free since 1974. however, from 2009 to 2012, several locally acquired, cases of plasmodium vivax malaria were detected, in immigrants and in greek citizens. in this study, the antibody (ab) response of greeks and immigrants with documented malaria was initially assessed, followed by an ab screening of greeks and immigrant residents of local transmission areas. of the 38 patients tested, 10.5% of greeks and 15.7% of immigrants were positive 5-7 months after infe ... | 2015 | 26013377 |
| the spread of malaria to southern europe in antiquity: new approaches to old problems. | | 0 | 16021928 |
| mapping environmental suitability for malaria transmission, greece. | during 2009-2012, greece experienced a resurgence of domestic malaria transmission. to help guide malaria response efforts, we used spatial modeling to characterize environmental signatures of areas suitable for transmission. nonlinear discriminant analysis indicated that sea-level altitude and land-surface temperature parameters are predictive in this regard. | 0 | 23697370 |
| oxidative stress in vivax malaria. | malaria is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. the increase in lipid peroxidation reported in malaria infection and antioxidant status may be a useful marker of oxidative stress during malaria infection. the aim of this study was to investigate the role of antioxidant enzymes against toxic reactive oxygen species in patients infected with plasmodium vivax and healthy controls. malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were determined in 91 ... | 2012 | 23230340 |
| the appearance of anopheles sacharovi in the republic of macedonia, yugoslavia. | | 0 | 14464162 |
| resistance of anopheline larvae to chlordane and dieldrin; field and laboratory tests on anopheles sacharovi. | the authors present the results of field and laboratory tests carried out to determine the susceptibility to ddt, chlordane, and dieldrin of anopheles sacharovi larvae in the small coastal plain of astros, peloponnesus, where chlorinated-hydrocarbon insecticides have been extensively used for house spraying and for ground and air larviciding for over ten years. it was found that the larvae had recently developed a substantial degree of resistance to chlordane and dieldrin, but no appreciable lar ... | 0 | 13404429 |
| extension to chlordane of the resistance to ddt observed in anopheles sacharovi. | observations made in 1952 in the skála district of lakonia (peloponnese) showed that the local malaria vector, anopheles sacharovi, had developed a certain degree of resistance to ddt and gammexane.since chlordane had produced 100% mortality among a. sacharovi from the same area in laboratory experiments, investigations were made to test this insecticide under field conditions. a village where chlordane had not previously been used, but ddt had been applied annually from 1946 to 1950, was accord ... | 0 | 13209324 |
| pcr identification and distribution of anopheles daciae (diptera, culicidae) in germany. | based primarily on nucleotide polymorphisms in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (its2) of the ribosomal dna, anopheles daciae was recently described as an additional member of the maculipennis group of species, separate from anopheles messeae with which it had previously been confused due to morphological and genetic similarity. species differentiation between a. messeae and a. daciae was possible only by its2 polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification followed by dna sequencing or rflp anal ... | 2014 | 24696275 |
| malaria in greece, 1975 to 2010. | malaria, which was endemic in greece in the past, was officially eliminated in 1974. since that time and up to 2010, a number of imported cases (ranging from 19 to 76) have been annually reported. the total number of reported laboratory-confirmed cases between 1975 and 2010 was 1,419. plasmodium falciparum was identified in 628 (44%) of these cases, while p. vivax was found in 524 (37%). of the total cases, 1,123 (79%) were male (ratio males vs. females: 3.78). age was only available for 490 cas ... | 2012 | 23231856 |
| spatio-temporal distribution of malaria vectors (diptera: culicidae) across different climatic zones of iran. | malaria is a main vector-borne public health problem in iran. the last studies on iranian mosquitoes show 31 anopheles species including different sibling species and genotypes, eight of them are reported to play role in malaria transmission. the objective of this study is to provide a reference for malaria vectors of iran and to map their spatial and temporal distribution in different climatic zones. shape files of administrative boundaries and climates of iran were provided by national cartogr ... | 2011 | 21771707 |
| study of culex tritaeniorhynchus and species composition of mosquitoes in a rice field in greece. | mosquito species composition and seasonal abundance were studied in a rice field in western greece over a three-year period (2009-2011). a total of 11,716 larvae and pupae of mosquitoes were recorded, representing seven species, namely aedes caspius (pallas), anopheles hyrcanus (pallas), anopheles sacharovi favre, culex theileri theobald, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles, culex pipiens linnaeus, uranotaenia unguiculata edwards and belonging to four genera. cx. tritaeniorhynchus constituted the most ... | 2014 | 24613156 |
| [breeding places of anopheles labranchiae and anopheles sacharovi larvae]. | | 1955 | 13311322 |
| [reproductive isolation in anopheles sacharovi and anopheles martinius]. | | 2009 | 1795674 |
| [the possibility of differentiating the larvae of the twin species anopheles sacharovi favre, 1903 and anopheles martinius schingarev, 1926]. | it is demonstrated that the two twin species anopheles sacharovi and an. martinius can be identified by the pattern on the head capsule in stage-iv larvae. diagnostic signs are presented. the species have been previously differentiated only by their chromosomal structure. | 2009 | 2067483 |
| malaria in laconia, greece, then and now: a 2500-year-old pattern. | malaria is still an active threat in many areas of the world. in greece, in an area of the laconia region, malaria epidemics have been recorded since as early as the 5(th) century bc. a local outbreak of malaria was reported in the summer/autumn of 2011. | 2013 | 23116610 |
| efficacy of aerial ultra-low volume applications of two novel water-based formulations of unsynergized pyrethroids against riceland mosquitoes in greece. | we assessed the efficacy of ultra-low volume aerial adulticiding with 2 new water-based, unsynergized formulations of aqua-k-othrin (2% deltamethrin) and pesguard s102 (10% d-phenothrin) against the riceland mosquitoes of greece. a helicopter with global positioning system (gps) navigation, real-time weather recording, and spray dispersal modeling (agdisp) was utilized to accurately treat the experimental blocks by adjusting spray line positions to changing meteorological conditions. two applica ... | 2011 | 22329275 |
| irritability of malaria vector, anopheles sacharovi to different insecticides in a malaria-prone area. | to determine the susceptibility and irritability level of malaria vector anopheles sacharovi (an. sachrovi) to different insecticides in a malaria-prone area. | 2012 | 22221753 |
| [the developmental characteristics of the larvae of malarial mosquitoes in salt water]. | in terms of water salinity, the following developmental ranges were established for the larvae of 5 mosquito species: 1.5% in anopheles sacharovi, 1.0% in an. atroparvus, 1.8% in an. stephensi, 1.2% in an. superpictus, and 1.0% in an. pulcherrimus. salinity was demonstrated to affect the survival of larvae to the greatest extent and the duration of their development and weight to a much lesser one. | 2015 | 9445998 |
| [possibility of separating anopheles sacharovi favre imagines by sex]. | | 2010 | 3762495 |
| [mass cultivation of anopheles sacharovi favre]. | | 2009 | 4088155 |