| the time and duration of meiosis. | ever since meiosis was recognized as a process there has been a continuing interest in its temporal aspects. two main types of meiotic timing experiments have been conducted: first, experiments to estimate the duration of meiosis (and sometimes its stages); second, experiments to locate the sensitive stage(s) when exposure of meiocytes to various treatments can affect meiotic chromosome behaviour (e.g. pairing or recombination). such experiments have played an important role in increasing our un ... | 1977 | 16285 |
| the enrichment of (18)o in leaf water under natural conditions. | the enrichment of (18)o in the water of transpiring leaves under natural conditions is described. in the first series two, later three species at the same location and at the same time are compared (birch betula pubescens l., oak quercus robur ehrh., larch larix decidua mill., and spruce picea abies karst). all four show parallel enrichment properties. in addition two beeches (fagus silvatica l.) were observed, one at jülich, the other at the solling hills. they show similar (18)o/(16)o ratio fl ... | 1978 | 756054 |
| incorporation of (2-14c, (5r)-5-3h1) mevalonic acid into cholesterol by a rat liver homogenate and into beta-sitosterol and 28-isofucosterol by larix decidua leaves. | 1. incubation of a rat liver homogenate with 3r-[2-(14)c,(5r)-5-(3)h(1)]mevalonic acid gave cholesterol with (3)h/(14)c atomic ratio 6:5. 2. conversion of the labelled cholesterol into 3beta-acetoxy-6-nitrocholest-5-ene or cholest-4-ene-3,6-dione resulted in the loss of one tritium atom from c-6. 3. these results show that during cholesterol biosynthesis the 6alpha-hydrogen atom of a precursor sterol is eliminated during formation of the c-5-c-6 double bond. 4. incorporation of 3r-[2-(14)c,(5r)- ... | 1969 | 5348842 |
| dynamics of gibberellin-like substances and growth inhibitors in pine (pinus silvestris l.) and larch (larix decidua mill.) in relation to age and season. | | 1967 | 5590023 |
| two highly divergent 5s rdna unit size classes occur in composite tandem array in european larch (larix decidua mill.) and japanese larch (larix kaempferi (lamb.) carr.). | the 5s ribosomal dna unit structure and organization have been investigated in larix decidua and larix kaempferi using selective amplification of gene and spacer, sequence analysis and homologous probe hybridization. two highly divergent unit size classes of approximately 650 and 870 bp were detected in both species. sequence analysis in larix decidua revealed that length variations occur in the middle spacer region and are the result of duplications (in the long spacers) and considerable sequen ... | 1999 | 10584306 |
| phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in mistletoe leaves: regulation of gene expression, protein content, and covalent modification. | seasonal changes in the activity of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (pepcase, ec 4.1.1.31), a key enzyme in the interaction of carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, were studied in leaves of the c3 semiparasitic mistletoe, viscum album, growing on different host trees. maximum extractable pepcase activities were higher in leaves of mistletoes growing on betula pendula and alnus glutinosa hosts compared with those on the conifers, abies alba and larix decidua. independent of host, maximum extract ... | 2001 | 11473691 |
| molecular identification of fine roots of trees from the alps: reliable and fast dna extraction and pcr-rflp analyses of plastid dna. | fine roots of trees are intensively used as indicators to assess soil alterations, e.g. those owing to atmospheric inputs of acidifying substances, but their identification to species with morphological criteria is difficult. in this study, we established molecular techniques in order to identify fine roots of the 30 most common tree species of the alps. we developed a protocol for efficient isolation of dna from fine roots with extraction of dna in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvp) and ... | 2001 | 11555251 |
| lichens of the knyszyńska forest (ne poland). | during the period 1991-1999 the lichen species composition of 26 reserves of the knyszyńska forest were examined. 315 taxa, including 271 species were found. epiphytic lichens were predominant, while epilithic species were the least common. of the coniferous trees, pine (pinus sylvestis) was the habitat which supported most species (67), and common larch (larix decidua) the fewest (5). only two species were found on juniper (juniper communis). of deciduous trees, the largest number of species de ... | 2001 | 11780570 |
| european larch and eastern white pine respond similarly during three years of partial defoliation. | to test whether trees with different leaf life spans respond differently to defoliation, eastern white pine (pinus strobus l.) and european larch (larix decidua mill.) trees (9 years old in 1991) were partially defoliated by hand between july 1 and 10 in 1989, 1990 and 1991. at the end of 1991, trees of both species had received either 0, 1, 2 or 3 years of defoliation. trees that received only 1 year of defoliation were defoliated in 1989. variables measured included photosynthesis, twig water ... | 2000 | 12651466 |
| genetic transformation of conifers and its application in forest biotechnology. | genetic modification of conifers through gene transfer technology is now an important field in forest biotechnology. two basic methodologies, particle bombardment and agrobacterium-mediated transformation, have been used on conifers. the use of particle bombardment has produced stable transgenic plants in picea abies, p. glauca, p. mariana, and pinus radiata. transgenic plants have been produced from larix decidua, picea abies, p. glauca, p. mariana, pinus strobus, p. taeda, and p. radiata via a ... | 2003 | 12827443 |
| quantifying ozone uptake at the canopy level of spruce, pine and larch trees at the alpine timberline: an approach based on sap flow measurement. | micro-climatic and ambient ozone data were combined with measurements of sap flow through tree trunks in order to estimate whole-tree ozone uptake of adult norway spruce (picea abies), cembran pine (pinus cembra), and european larch (larix decidua) trees. sap flow was monitored by means of the heat balance approach in two trees of each species during the growing season of 1998. in trees making up the stand canopy, the ozone uptake by evergreen foliages was significantly higher than by deciduous ... | 2003 | 12860097 |
| canopy dynamics and aboveground production of five tree species with different leaf longevities. | canopy dynamics and aboveground net primary production (anpp) were studied in replicated monospecific and dual-species plantations comprised of species with different leaf longevities. in the monospecific plantations, leaf longevity averaged 5, 6, 36, 46 and 66 months for quercus rubra l., larix decidua miller, pinus strobus l., pinus resinosa ait. and picea abies (l.) karst., respectively. specific leaf area, maximum net photosynthesis per unit mass (a/mass), leaf n per unit mass (n(leaf)/mass) ... | 1993 | 14969905 |
| diameters and dry weights of tree shoots: effects of young's modulus, taper, deflection and angle. | the structural theory for cantilever beams was used to calculate the diameters and dry weights of wood that unbranched shoots must produce to support their own weights. the study was done on picea sitchensis (bong.) carr., pinus contorta dougl., larix decidua mill. and betula pendula roth. syn. verrucosa ehrh. the weights of wood increased in a non-linear fashion with increase in shoot length. a large investment in wood (as measured by diameter and dry weight) was required to maintain a small en ... | 1988 | 14972812 |
| estimation of leaf area index in fourteen southern wisconsin forest stands using a portable radiometer. | projected leaf area index (lai) and beer-lambert law extinction coefficients (k) were estimated for 28-year-old picea abies (l.) karst., larix decidua mill., pinus resinosa ait., and pinus strobus l. plantations using vertical profile data obtained with a portable integrating radiometer (sunfleck ceptometer). predicted lai values were compared with direct measures of lai. based on dimensional analysis, lai ranged from 5.0 for larix decidua to 10.5 for picea abies. significant inverse relationshi ... | 1990 | 14972910 |
| young's modulus of sections of living branches and tree trunks. | young's modulus along the grain (elasticity, e) was measured on 10 sections of branches and three tree trunks, with bark, of picea sitchensis (bong.) carr., pinus contorta dougl. ex loud., larix decidua mill. and betula pendula roth. syn. verrucosa ehrh. the sections were simply supported and corrections were made for taper and deflection due to shear. the e values for trunks were at the lower end of the range reported for green timber (2.4-7.5 gpa), and those for branches were still lower (0.7- ... | 1987 | 14975919 |
| feeding preference of three lady beetle predators of the hemlock woolly adelgid (homoptera: adelgidae). | in a laboratory study, we tested the feeding preferences of three coccinellid predators of hemlock woolly adelgid, adelges tsugae annand, an introduced pest of hemlock in the eastern united states. the species tested were sasajiscymnus tsugae sasaji & mcclure (formerly pseudoscymnus tsugae) from japan, scymnus ningshanensis yu & yao from china, and harmonia axyridis (pallas), a generalist species introduced from asia that is currently widespread in eastern hemlock, tsuga canadensis carriere, for ... | 2004 | 15568353 |
| new, rare or remarkable microfungi in the italian alps (carnic alps)--part i--ascomycotina. | during our observations in the se part of the carnic alps in the year 2003 we were able to collect and identify 35 ascomycetes on trees and dead wood. among these one can find numerous ascomycetes of different orders e.g. pyrenomycetes, loculoascomycetes and discomycetes. some species like botryosphaeria ribis grosenlucher & duggar on ribes alpinum l., dothiora pyrenophora (fr.) fr. on sorbus aucuparia l., gemmamyces piceae (borth.) casago. on picea excelsa (lam.) link, glomerella montana (sacc. ... | 2004 | 15756826 |
| free radical generation in pinus sylvestris and larix decidua seeds primed with polyethylene glycol or potassium salt solutions. | electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectra of pinus sylvestris and larix decidua seeds show that priming with peg+200 mg kg(-1) gibberelic acid (ga(3)) results in appreciably higher free radical contents than in unprimed control samples. only relatively minor changes in the free radical levels were observed in seeds primed with k(+) salts. however, both priming treatments have been reported previously to result in faster germination rates compared to controls without changing the germination ... | 2005 | 15820658 |
| tree species effects on decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden. | we studied the effects of tree species on leaf litter decomposition and forest floor dynamics in a common garden experiment of 14 tree species (abies alba, acer platanoides, acer pseudoplatanus, betula pendula, carpinus betulus, fagus sylvatica, larix decidua, picea abies, pinus nigra, pinus sylvestris, pseudotsuga menziesii, quercus robur, quercus rubra, and tilia cordata) in southwestern poland. we used three simultaneous litter bag experiments to tease apart species effects on decomposition v ... | 2006 | 16995629 |
| frost drought in conifers at the alpine timberline: xylem dysfunction and adaptations. | drought stress can cause xylem embolism in trees when the water potential (psi) in the xylem falls below specific vulnerability thresholds. at the alpine timberline, frost drought is known to cause excessive winter embolism unless xylem vulnerability or transpiration is sufficiently reduced to avoid critical psi. we compared annual courses of psi and embolism in picea abies, pinus cembra, pinus mugo, larix decidua, and juniperus communis growing at the timberline vs. low altitude. in addition, v ... | 2006 | 17249241 |
| growth responses to climate in a multi-species tree-ring network in the western carpathian tatra mountains, poland and slovakia. | we analyzed growth responses to climate of 24 tree-ring width and four maximum latewood density chronologies from the greater tatra region in poland and slovakia. this network comprises 1183 ring-width and 153 density measurement series from four conifer species (picea abies (l.) karst., larix decidua mill., abies alba (l.) karst., and pinus mugo (l.)) between 800 and 1550 m a.s.l. individual spline detrending was used to retain annual to multi-decadal scale climate information in the data. twen ... | 2007 | 17267360 |
| using simple causal modeling to understand how water and temperature affect daily stem radial variation in trees. | variation in tree stem diameter results from reversible shrinking and swelling and irreversible radial growth, all processes that are influenced by tree water status. to assess the causal effects of water and temperature on stem radial variation (deltar) and maximum daily shrinkage (mds), the diurnal cycle was divided into three phases: contraction, expansion and stem radius increment. diurnal cycles were measured during 1996-2004 in picea abies (l.) karst., pinus cembra l. and larix decidua mil ... | 2007 | 17472939 |
| age-dependent xylogenesis in timberline conifers. | neither anatomical change nor physiological abnormalities have been observed in the cambia of older trees. however, different sensitivity and period of significant responses to climate suggest the existence of some age-related change in the patterns of cambial activity and/or wood cell formation. here, weekly cambial activity and timing and duration of xylem cell enlargement and wall thickening were compared in adult (50-80 yr) and old (200-350 yr) trees of larix decidua, pinus cembra and picea ... | 2008 | 17944824 |
| european larch phenology in the alps: can we grasp the role of ecological factors by combining field observations and inverse modelling? | vegetation phenology is strongly influenced by climatic factors. climate changes may cause phenological variations, especially in the alps which are considered to be extremely vulnerable to global warming. the main goal of our study is to analyze european larch (larix decidua mill.) phenology in alpine environments and the role of the ecological factors involved, using an integrated approach based on accurate field observations and modelling techniques. we present 2 years of field-collected larc ... | 2008 | 18437430 |
| immunomodulatory activity of plant residues on ovine neutrophils. | neutrophils play an essential role in host defense and inflammation. plants have long been used to improve the immune function, but for most of them specific investigations on animal health are lacking. in the present study, water and hydroethanolic extracts from 11 plant wastes have been screened on immune responses of ovine neutrophils. eight sheep clinically healthy, not lactating, non-pregnant were selected and used for the experiment. freshly isolated neutrophils were incubated with the ext ... | 2008 | 18667240 |
| nuclear bodies in douglas fir (pseudotsuga menziesii mirb.) microspores. | the identification of nucleolar proteins and immunocytochemical localization of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snrnp) elements revealed the presence of three types of nuclear bodies in douglas fir microspore nuclei. one type consists of structures resembling cajal bodies (cbs) and contains nucleolar proteins as well as snrnps and u2 snrna. the second type is bizonal bodies, which are nuclear bodies also linked with the splicing system. the bizonal body comprises two parts: the first contains s ... | 2008 | 18854917 |
| in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of larch (larix decidua l.) sawdust. | the influence of larch (larix decidua l.) sawdust extracts on arachidonate metabolism has been evaluated in vitro. extracts of different polarities were tested for their ability to inhibit prostaglandin formation by cox-1 and cox-2 and ltb(4) formation by 5-lox. the lipophilic n-heptane extract showed the highest activity (ic(50) values: cox-1, 5 microg/ml; cox-2, 0.1 microg/ml; ltb(4) assay, 11.1 microg/ml). a series of abietane, pimarane, and labdane type diterpenes isolated from this extract ... | 2008 | 19049343 |
| igg stability in fresh and conditioned medium of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) and larch (larix decidua) embryogenic suspension cultures. | to explore the feasibility of larch (larix decidua mill.) embryogenic cell culture as alternative plant expression system, protein stability in fresh and conditioned medium was characterized in this study and compared to tobacco by2 suspension culture. fresh and conditioned media were spiked with 1 microg human igg and igg content was determined by elisa after 24 h incubation. in fresh media, igg recovery rate decreased to 12-23%. adsorption on vessel walls probably is the best explanation for t ... | 2009 | 19156360 |
| summer temperature dependency of larch budmoth outbreaks revealed by alpine tree-ring isotope chronologies. | larch budmoth (lbm, zeiraphera diniana gn.) outbreaks cause discernable physical alteration of cell growth in tree rings of host subalpine larch (larix decidua mill.) in the european alps. however, it is not clear if these outbreaks also impact isotopic signatures in tree-ring cellulose, thereby masking climatic signals. we compared lbm outbreak events in stable carbon and oxygen isotope chronologies of larch and their corresponding tree-ring widths from two high-elevation sites (1800-2200 m a.s ... | 2009 | 19219459 |
| in vitro anticancer potential of tree extracts from the walloon region forest. | forty-eight extracts from 16 common belgian trees from the walloon region forest were evaluated for in vitro growth inhibitory activity against the human lovo colon cancer, pc3 prostate cancer, and u373 glioblastoma cell lines. our study was performed with the aim of selecting plant candidates in order to later isolate new anticancer compounds from an easily affordable tree material. extracts from alnus glutinosa (stem bark), carpinus betulus (leaves and stem bark), castanea sativa (stem bark), ... | 2009 | 19579185 |
| ultrasonic emissions from conifer xylem exposed to repeated freezing. | ultrasonic emission measurements enable the analysis of xylem cavitation induced by drought and freeze-thaw events. several studies have indicated that ultrasonic acoustic emissions (uae) in conifers occur upon freezing and not upon thawing, although classical theory has postulated gas bubble formation during freezing and cavitation during thawing. we analyzed the pattern and quality of freeze-thaw-induced uae in seven conifers (abies alba, larix decidua, juniperus communis, picea abies, pinus c ... | 2010 | 19692146 |
| fine root decomposition rates do not mirror those of leaf litter among temperate tree species. | elucidating the function of and patterns among plant traits above ground has been a major research focus, while the patterns and functioning of belowground traits remain less well understood. even less well known is whether species differences in leaf traits and their associated biogeochemical effects are mirrored by differences in root traits and their effects. we studied fine root decomposition and n dynamics in a common garden study of 11 temperate european and north american tree species (ab ... | 2010 | 19882174 |
| determination of de novo and pool emissions of terpenes from four common boreal/alpine trees by 13co2 labelling and ptr-ms analysis. | boreal forests emit a large amount of monoterpenes into the atmosphere. traditionally these emissions are assumed to originate as evaporation from large storage pools. thus, their diurnal cycle would depend mostly on temperature. however, there is indication that a significant part of the monoterpene emission would originate directly from de novo synthesis. by applying 13co2 fumigation and analyzing the isotope fractions with proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (ptr-ms) and classical gc-m ... | 2010 | 20040067 |
| limitation of the cavitron technique by conifer pit aspiration. | the cavitron technique facilitates time and material saving for vulnerability analysis. the use of rotors with small diameters leads to high water pressure gradients (deltap) across samples, which may cause pit aspiration in conifers. in this study, the effect of pit aspiration on cavitron measurements was analysed and a modified 'conifer method' was tested which avoids critical (i.e. pit aspiration inducing) deltap. four conifer species were used (juniperus communis, picea abies, pinus sylvestr ... | 2010 | 20551085 |
| comparative chloroplast genomics reveals the evolution of pinaceae genera and subfamilies. | as the largest and the basal-most family of conifers, pinaceae provides key insights into the evolutionary history of conifers. we present comparative chloroplast genomics and analysis of concatenated 49 chloroplast protein-coding genes common to 19 gymnosperms, including 15 species from 8 pinaceous genera, to address the long-standing controversy about pinaceae phylogeny. the complete cpdnas of cathaya argyrophylla and cedrus deodara (abitoideae) and draft cpdnas of larix decidua, picea morriso ... | 2010 | 20651328 |
| fire, fuel composition and resilience threshold in subalpine ecosystem. | forecasting the effects of global changes on high altitude ecosystems requires an understanding of the long-term relationships between biota and forcing factors to identify resilience thresholds. fire is a crucial forcing factor: both fuel build-up from land-abandonment in european mountains, and more droughts linked to global warming are likely to increase fire risks. | 2010 | 20814580 |
| taxonomic re-evaluation of three related species of graphium, based on morphology, ecology and phylogeny. | two fungi associated with bark beetles, graphium pseudormiticum (described in 1994) and rhexographium fimbriisporum (described in 1995), have two micromorphological characters in common. both species produce conidia with conspicuous basal frills, and the conidia align in chains, despite being produced in slime. the association of g. pseudormiticum with the pine bark beetle, orthotomicus erosus, and the association of r. fimbriisporum with the spruce bark beetle, ips typographus, suggest ecologic ... | 2003 | 21148980 |
| effects of atmospheric and climate change at the timberline of the central european alps. | this review considers potential effects of atmospheric change and climate warming within the timberline ecotone of the central european alps. after focusing on the impacts of ozone (o(3)) and rising atmospheric co(2) concentration, effects of climate warming on the carbon and water balance of timberline trees and forests will be outlined towards conclusions about changes in tree growth and treeline dynamics.presently, ambient ground-level o(3) concentrations do not exert crucial stress on adult ... | 2009 | 21379395 |
| in vitro dermo-cosmetic evaluation of bark extracts from common temperate trees. | wood residues produced from forestry activities represent an interesting source of biologically active, high value-added secondary metabolites. in this study, 30 extracts from 10 barks of deciduous and coniferous tree species were investigated for their potential dermo-cosmetic use. the extracts were obtained from fagus sylvatica, quercus robur, alnus glutinosa, prunus avium, acer pseudoplatanus, fraxinus excelsior, populus robusta, larix decidua, picea abies, and populus tremula after three suc ... | 2016 | 27352384 |
| characterization of condensed tannins and carbohydrates in hot water bark extracts of european softwood species. | condensed tannins extracted from european softwood bark are recognized as alternatives to synthetic phenolics. the extraction is generally performed in hot water, leading to simultaneous extraction of other bark constituents such as carbohydrates, phenolic monomers and salts. characterization of the extract's composition and identification of the extracted tannins' molecular structure are needed to better identify potential applications. bark from silver fir (abies alba [mill.]), european larch ... | 2015 | 26547588 |
| environmental versus geographical determinants of genetic structure in two subalpine conifers. | alpine ecosystems are facing rapid human-induced environmental changes, and so more knowledge about tree adaptive potential is needed. this study investigated the relative role of isolation by distance (ibd) versus isolation by adaptation (iba) in explaining population genetic structure in abies alba and larix decidua, based on 231 and 233 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) sampled across 36 and 22 natural populations, respectively, in the alps and apennines. genetic structure was investigat ... | 2014 | 24102203 |
| contrasting patterns of nucleotide diversity for four conifers of alpine european forests. | a candidate gene approach was used to identify levels of nucleotide diversity and to identify genes departing from neutral expectations in coniferous species of the alpine european forest. twelve samples were collected from four species that dominate montane and subalpine forests throughout europe: abies alba mill, larix decidua mill, pinus cembra l., and pinus mugo turra. a total of 800 genes, originally resequenced in pinus taeda l., were resequenced across 12 independent trees for each of the ... | 2012 | 23144662 |
| the geographical and environmental determinants of genetic diversity for four alpine conifers of the european alps. | climate is one of the most important drivers of local adaptation in forest tree species. standing levels of genetic diversity and structure within and among natural populations of forest trees are determined by the interplay between climatic heterogeneity and the balance between selection and gene flow. to investigate this interplay, single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were genotyped in 24 to 37 populations from four subalpine conifers, abies alba mill., larix decidua mill., pinus cembra l. a ... | 2012 | 23058000 |
| how fast do european conifers overgrow wounds inflicted by rockfall? | the capacity of trees to recover from mechanical disturbance is of crucial importance for tree survival but has been primarily investigated in saplings using artificially induced wounds. in this study, mature larix decidua mill., picea abies (l.) karst. and abies alba mill. trees growing on alpine slopes that were wounded by naturally occurring rockfall were analyzed to determine their efficiency in overgrowing wounds. in total 43 l. decidua, p. abies and a. alba trees were sampled. first, 106 s ... | 2012 | 22826380 |
| three-dimensional analysis of the anatomical growth response of european conifers to mechanical disturbance. | studies on tree reaction after wounding were so far based on artificial wounding or chemical treatment. for the first time, type, spread and intensity of anatomical responses were analyzed and quantified in naturally disturbed larix decidua mill., picea abies (l.) karst. and abies alba mill. trees. the consequences of rockfall impacts on increment growth were assessed at the height of the wounds, as well as above and below the injuries. a total of 16 trees were selected on rockfall slopes, and g ... | 2009 | 19696053 |
| high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection characterization of delta5-polyenoic fatty acids in triacylglycerols from conifer seed oils. | edible conifer seeds can serve as a source of triacylglycerols (tgs) with unusual delta5 unsaturated polymethylene interrupted fatty acids (upifas), such as cis-5,9-octadecadienoic (taxoleic), cis-5,9,12-octadecatrienoic (pinolenic), cis-5,11-eicosadienoic (keteleeronic) and cis-5,11,14-eicosatrienoic acids (sciadonic). conifer seed oils from european larch (larix decidua), norway spruce (picea abies) and european silver fir (abies alba) have been analyzed by non-aqueous reversed-phase high-perf ... | 2007 | 17307191 |
| antiprotease activity of selected slovak medicinal plants. | fifty-six methanol extracts obtained from the barks, flowers, leaves and stems of 30 slovak trees, bushes and herbs used in the traditional medicine of the small carpathians, slovakia, have been screened for antiprotease (trypsin, thrombin and urokinase) activity using chromogenic bioassay. in this study, 14 extracts showed the strong inhibition activity to protease trypsin with ic50 values below 10 microg/ml. the highest inhibition activities were observed for methanol extracts of acer platanoi ... | 2010 | 20225660 |
| expression patterns of lmap2l1 and lmap2l2 encoding two-apetala2 domain proteins during somatic embryogenesis and germination of hybrid larch (larix x marschlinsii). | two apetala2 domain transcription factors were characterized first in angiosperms, and, recently, in several gymnosperms. these proteins are involved in several processes, from flowering to embryogenesis in arabidopsis thaliana. we extrapolated this result to hybrid larch (larixxmarschlinsii coaz) resulting from a cross between european (larix decidua) and japanese (larix kaempferi) larches. somatic embryogenesis is well described and controlled for this pinaceae. we characterized two-ap2 domain ... | 2008 | 18160178 |
| in vivo assessment of an industrial waste product as a feed additive in dairy cows: effects of larch (larix decidua l.) sawdust on blood parameters and milk composition. | when larch (larix spp.) is processed in the wood industry, the sawdust is currently disposed of as waste or used as combustible material, even though it is rich in biologically active compounds. in this study the effect of larch sawdust supplementation on blood parameters as well as milk composition was examined in healthy mid-lactating dairy cows. twenty-four multiparous italian friesian dairy cows were assigned to groups receiving either 300 g/day/cow of larch sawdust or a control diet, and tr ... | 2015 | 26526868 |
| chemical compositions of essential oils of five introduced conifers in corsica. | the aim of this survey was to determine the chemical composition of essential oils (eo) of five conifers acclimated in corsica by gc(ri), gc-ms and (13)c nmr. l. decidua needle and wood eos contained as majors components: α- and β-pinenes, germacrene d (needles) and bornyl acetate (wood). the eos of needles, wood and cones of p. menziesii were characterised by β- and α-pinenes, terpinen-4-ol, sabinene, terpinolene (needles and wood), δ-3-carene (wood) and limonene (cones). needles and wood eos o ... | 2017 | 28278672 |
| quantitative evaluation by attenuated total reflectance infrared (atr-ftir) spectroscopy of the chemical composition of decayed wood preserved in waterlogged conditions. | this paper reports on the assessment of lignin and holocellulose by means of atr-ftir analysis and multivariate pls regression. the analysis was conducted on 59 samples coming from different excavations where wood had been preserved in waterlogged conditions. a range of results from different wood species (alnus sp.p., cupressus sempervirens, larix decidua, picea abies, pinus sp.p., quercus sp.p., ulmus sp.p.), states of preservation, waterlogged environments, and burial times are presented. a c ... | 2015 | 25281067 |
| administration of botanicals with the diet regulates gene expression in peripheral blood cells of sarda sheep during acth challenge. | the aim of the present research was to investigate the regulation of gene expression in ovine blood leukocytes during acth-induced cortisol release and the effect of dietary administration of botanicals to counteract the evoked response in polymorphonucleate cells (pmncs). thirty-six homogeneous sarda sheep (age, 18±4.1 mo; bw, 38.7±1.3 kg) were allotted to six groups of six sheep each. one group was used as a negative control (saline) and five groups were treated, every 12 h for 48 h, with 0.5 ... | 2012 | 22503189 |
| substrate influences ecophysiological performance of tree seedlings. | unfavourable soil conditions frequently limit tree regeneration in mountain forests on calcareous bedrock. rocky, shallow organic soils on dolomite pose a particular problem for tree regeneration due to commonly restricted water and nutrient supplies. moreover, an often dense layer of understorey vegetation competes for the limited resources available. hence, an array of interacting factors impairs tree seedlings' performance on dolomite, but there is little information on the ecophysiological m ... | 2016 | 26446268 |
| exemplifying whole-plant ozone uptake in adult forest trees of contrasting species and site conditions. | whole-tree o3 uptake was exemplified for picea abies, fagus sylvatica and larix decidua in stands at high and low altitude and contrasting water availability through sap flow measurement in tree trunks, intrinsically accounting for drought and boundary layer effects on o3 flux. o3 uptake of evergreen spruce per unit foliage area was enhanced by 100% at high relative to low elevation, whereas deciduous beech and larch showed similar uptake regardless of altitude. the responsiveness of the canopy ... | 2007 | 16996178 |
| diploidization in megagametophyte-derived cultures of the gymnosperm larix decidua. | tested haploid embryogenic lines (n=12) of larix dedicua mill, initiated from megagametophyte tissue were maintained on half-strength lm medium without growth regulators. the cultures were analyzed for ploidy level after 1-9 years. all lines tested were found to have doubled (2n=24) their chromosome number at the end of the experiment, though there were a few lines that still gave occasional haploid counts. flow cytometric data of embryogenic tissue confirmed these results. protoplasts were stai ... | 1995 | 24174026 |
| ophiostoma kryptum sp. nov. from larix decidua and picea abies in europe, similar to o. minus. | an unknown species of ophiostoma was isolated from european larch (larix decidua) infested by tetropium gabrieli (coleoptera: cerambycidae) and norway spruce (picea abies) infested by tetropium sp. in austria. the fungus is similar to o. minus, but distinguished from it by the ecology, colony morphologies on oa and mea, and phylogenetic analysis of aligned dna sequences of the its region of the rdna operon and the partial beta-tubulin gene. it is described here as o. kryptum sp. nov. the new spe ... | 2003 | 14635771 |
| inheritance of mitochondrial dna in the conifer larix. | restriction fragment length polymorphisms between larix leptolepis and larix decidua were identified in heterologous hybridization experiments, using wheat mitochondrial dna probes specific for atp9, coxi, nad3/rps12, and orf25. analysis of eight individuals of each reciprocal hybrid of these two species revealed that mitochondrial dna was maternally inherited. furthermore, sequences homologous to wheat orf25 were also identified in larix gmelini, larix siberica, larix olgensis, and larix larici ... | 1993 | 24193487 |