| rice tungro bacilliform virus: transcription and translation in protoplasts. | protoplasts from cell suspension cultures of oryza sativa (monocot) and orychophragmus violaceus (dicot) support transcription from the rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv) promoter and translation of the resulting mrna despite the presence of a long leader sequence with strong secondary structure and 12 short open reading frames. transcriptional elements located both upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation site are defined by deletion analysis and the functional tata motif is de ... | 1994 | 8091688 |
| agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of orychophragmus violaceus cotyledon and regeneration of transgenic plants. | excised cotyledons of orychophragmus violaceus were used as explants for tissue culture. they were cultured on the ms medium supplemented with ba (3 mg/l) and naa (0.2 mg/l). when the regenerated buds were 2 cm long, they were excised and transferred onto 1/2 ms medium with iba (0.03 mg/l), then the whole plants were regenerated. the frequency of plant regeneration was 100%. subsequently, the genetic transformation of o. violaceus was studied. after 2-3 days of cocultivation with agrobacterium t ... | 1996 | 8877113 |
| genome doubling and chromosome elimination with fragment recombination leading to the formation of brassica rapa-type plants with genomic alterations in crosses with orychophragmus violaceus. | in distant hybridization of plants, nonclassical hybrids with unexpected chromosome complements, chromosome elimination, and genetic introgression have been well documented. we obtained intergeneric hybrids between brassica rapa, b. rapa var. chinensis, and another cruciferous species, orychophragmus violaceus, following embryo rescue. hybrids mainly displayed phenotypes of b. rapa, although certain o. violaceus or novel characteristics also appeared. variable numbers of chromosomes were observe ... | 2007 | 18059544 |
| the mechanism of pollination drop withdrawal in ginkgo biloba l. | the pollination drop (pd) is a characteristic feature of many wind-pollinated gymnosperms. although accumulating evidence shows that the pd plays a critical role in the pollination process, the mechanism of pd withdrawal is still unclear. here, we carefully observed the pd withdrawal process and investigated the underlying mechanism of pd withdrawal, which will aid the understanding of wind-pollination efficiency in gymnosperms. | 2012 | 22548734 |
| origin of new brassica types from a single intergeneric hybrid between b. rapa and orychophragmus violaceus by rapid chromosome evolution and introgression. | many novel lines were established from an intergeneric mixoploid between brassica rapa (2n = 20) and orychophragmus violaceus (2n = 24) through successive selections for fertility and viability. pedigrees of individual f(2) plants were advanced to the 10th generation by selfing. their breeding habit was self-compatible and different from the self-incompatibility of their female parent b. rapa, and these lines were reproductively isolated to different degrees from b. rapa and b. napus. the lines ... | 2007 | 18305344 |
| production and cytogenetics of intergeneric hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus. | the intergeneric hybrid between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus was obtained by means of embryo culture technique with the latter as the pollen parent. the hybrid was morphologically intermediate between its parents, but could produce a lot of seeds when selfed. somatic separation of the genomes from the two parental species was observed during the mitotic divisions of some of the hybrid cells. thus, the hybrid became the mixoploid in nature, consisting of haploid and diploid cells o ... | 1995 | 24169678 |
| cytogenetic and molecular characterization of intergeneric hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus. | twenty-two intergeneric hybrids from a cross between brassica napus (aacc, 2n = 38) cultivar oro and the ornamental crucifer orychophragmus violaceus (oo, 2n = 24) were produced without embryo rescue. the plants were classified into three groups based on morphological and cytological observations and rapd banding patterns. plants of group i had morphological traits of both parents and 2n = 29 chromosomes. in these plants, 62.1% of the pollen mother cells (pmcs) had the pairing configuration 1 ii ... | 2002 | 11908652 |
| intergeneric hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus containing traits of agronomic importance for oilseed rape breeding. | protoplast fusions between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus for transfer of valuable traits to oilseed rape resulted in 257 somatic hybrid plants. hybridity was confirmed by morphological, cytological and molecular means. symmetric fusions gave rise to 131 plants. fifty eight of these plants had an intermediate morphology and contained nuclear dna corresponding to the sum of the parental species. all 131 plants were sterile with no pollen grains observed upon flowering. another 126 pl ... | 2002 | 12582907 |
| [obtaining and analysis of intergeneric somatic hybrids between brassica napus and "albino" line of orychophragmus violaceus]. | the orychophragmus violaceus chlorophylldefective line of "albino" type has been obtained by spectinomycin treatment. somatic hybridization between orychophragmus violaceus and brassica napus was performed by fusion of green mesophyll protoplasts of rape and callus protoplasts of the o. violaceus "albino" line. near two hundred of regenerant plants were selected according to the regeneration type and ability to become green, and were determined as hybrids. chloroplast dna in selected hybrids was ... | 2009 | 12741055 |
| [hypoploid groups and their cytogenetic analysis in the progenies between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus]. | several groups of hypoploids were characterized in pentaploid (p) progenies of b. napus and o. violaceus. cytological characterization of the p3 population revealed allosubstitution of one pair of b. napus chromosomes with o. violaceus chromosomes. this population had normal fertility and had three kinds of somatic cells with 36-38 chromosomes. its somatic cells and pollen mother cells (pmc) mainly had 38 chromosomes. from a p4 population, three monosomic plants with 37 chromosomes were identifi ... | 2004 | 15640127 |
| production of cybrids in brassicaceae species. | this chapter describes a method of cytoplasm transfer within the brassicaceae family through ca-peg-mediated protoplast fusion. the method includes a protocol of nonmutagenic albinism induction based on spectinomycin-induced plastid ribosome deficiency (prd). the proposed application of spectinomycin-mediated albinism allows speeding up creation of albino lines, as well as of hybrid production with substituted cytoplasm. according to described method cybrids between orychophragmus violaceus and ... | 2006 | 16673919 |
| gish and aflp analyses of novel brassica napus lines derived from one hybrid between b. napus and orychophragmus violaceus. | new brassica napus inbred lines with different petal colors and with canola quality and increased levels of oleic (approximately 70%, 10% higher than that of b. napus parent) and linoleic (28%) acids have been developed in the progenies of one b. napus cv. oro x orychophragmus violaceus f5 hybrid plant (2n = 31). their genetic constituents were analyzed by using the methods of genomic in situ hybridization (gish) and amplified fragments length polymorphism (aflp). no intact chromosomes of o. vio ... | 2006 | 16770628 |
| [phosphinothricin-resistant somatic hybrids brassica napus + orychophragmus violaceus]. | phosphinothricin (ppt) resistant hybrid plants between brassica napus l. cv. kalinovsky and orychophragmus violaceus (l.) o.e. shulz. were obtained as a result of somatic hybridization experiments. the hybrids inherited ppt resistance from o. violaceus plants which were previously transformed by the vector containing spm/dspm zea mays transposon system with bar gene located within the nonautonomous transposon. the obtained plants had intermediate morphology. their hybrid nature has been confirme ... | 2012 | 17427411 |
| alteration of chromosome behavior and synchronization of parental chromosomes after successive generations in brassica napus x orychophragmus violaceus hybrids. | in an earlier study, the progenies of intergeneric hybrids brassica napus (2n = 38) x orychophragmus violaceus (2n = 24) were investigated in successive generations (f1-f4) for the cytological phenomenon of parental genome separation during mitotic and meiotic division. in the present study, inbred lines (f5-f8) derived from 1 such hybrid were characterized for morphology, chromosome pairing behaviour, and genome composition. one f5 plant (2n = 31) with slightly yellow petals and 12:19 and 15:16 ... | 2007 | 17546087 |
| production and characterization of intergeneric somatic hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus and their backcrossing progenies. | alien chromosome addition lines have been widely used for identifying gene linkage groups, assigning species-specific characters to a particular chromosome and comparing gene synteny between related species. in plant breeding, their utilization lies in introgressing characters of agronomic value. the present investigation reports the production of intergeneric somatic hybrids brassica napus (2n = 38) + orychophragmus violaceus (2n = 24) through asymmetric fusions of mesophyll protoplasts and sub ... | 2008 | 18626647 |
| anatomy and transcript profiling of gynoecium development in female sterile brassica napus mediated by one alien chromosome from orychophragmus violaceus. | the gynoecium is one of the most complex organs of angiosperms specialized for seed production and dispersal, but only several genes important for ovule or embryo sac development were identified by using female sterile mutants. the female sterility in oilseed rape (brassica napus) was before found to be related with one alien chromosome from another crucifer orychophragmus violaceus. herein, the developmental anatomy and comparative transcript profiling (rna-seq) for the female sterility were pe ... | 2014 | 24456102 |
| different timing and spatial separation of parental chromosomes in intergeneric somatic hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus. | experimental and newly formed hybrids and polyploids generated by wide crosses usually show varying degrees of cytological instability. the spatial separation of parental genomes and uniparental chromosome elimination in hybrid cells has been reported in many hybrids from plants and animals. herein, the behavior of parental genomes in intergeneric somatic hybrids between brassica napus and orychophragmus violaceus was analyzed using genomic in situ hybridization (gish). in mitotic and meiotic ce ... | 2014 | 24782049 |
| genetic and epigenetic changes in oilseed rape (brassica napus l.) extracted from intergeneric allopolyploid and additions with orychophragmus. | allopolyploidization with the merger of the genomes from different species has been shown to be associated with genetic and epigenetic changes. but the maintenance of such alterations related to one parental species after the genome is extracted from the allopolyploid remains to be detected. in this study, the genome of brassica napus l. (2n = 38, genomes aacc) was extracted from its intergeneric allohexaploid (2n = 62, genomes aaccoo) with another crucifer orychophragmus violaceus (2n = 24, gen ... | 2016 | 27148282 |
| effects of zn deficiency and bicarbonate on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of four plant species. | calcareous soils are characterized by low nutrient contents, high bicarbonate (hco3-) content, and high alkalinity. the effects of hco3- addition under zinc-sufficient (+zn) and zinc-deficient (-zn) conditions on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of seedlings of two moraceae species (broussonetia papyrifera and morus alba) and two brassicaceae species (orychophragmus violaceus and brassica napus) were investigated. these four species were hydroponically grown in nutrient solution wit ... | 2017 | 28076430 |
| high efficiency production and genomic in situ hybridization analysis of brassica aneuploids and homozygous plants. | interspecific and intergeneric hybridizations have been widely used in plant genetics and breeding to construct stocks for genetic analysis and to introduce into crops the desirable traits and genes from their relatives. the intergeneric crosses between brassica juncea (l.) czern. & coss., b. carinata a. braun and orychophragmus violaceus (l.) o. e. schulz were made and the plants produced were subjected to genomic in situ hybridization analysis. the mixoploids from the cross with b. juncea were ... | 2003 | 20213367 |
| [establishment of genic male sterile lines of brassica napus by wide cross and their cytology and morphology.]. | one and three male sterile plants were found in the progenies of the intergeneric hybrids by crossing brassica napus and brassica juncea to orychophragmus violaceus, respectively. after interspecific cross and full-sib crosses, four genic male sterile lines were obtained. the results of cytological observations indicated that somatic chromosome number was 38 in all types of sterile lines, which were considered as the type of b. napus. most of pollen mother cells (pmc) in all sterile plants were ... | 2005 | 15985405 |
| microbial community dynamics of soil mesocosms using orychophragmus violaceus combined with rhodococcus ruber em1 for bioremediation of highly pah-contaminated soil. | understanding of the effects of perturbation strategies on soil microorganisms is helpful in optimizing bioremediation systems and enhancing their efficiency. four soil mesocosms were constructed for bioremediation of highly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil using the flowering plant orychophragmus violaceus and/or bacterium rhodococcus ruber em1. bacterial community dynamics were evaluated by 454 pyrosequencing, and em1 abundance was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain rea ... | 2014 | 25081560 |
| nuclear reconstitution of demembranated orychophragmus violaceus sperm in xenopus laevis egg extracts. | the cell-free extracts from animal xenopus laevis egg could induce chromatin decondensation and pronuclear formation from demembranated plant (orychophragmus violaceu) sperm. the demembranated orychophragmus violaceus sperm began to swell in 30 min incubation, and then were gradually decondensed. the reassembly of nuclear envelope in the reconstituted nuclei had been visualized by means of electron microscopy and fluorescent microscopy. membrane vesicles fused to form the double envelope around ... | 2002 | 18762894 |
| structure of u2 snrna genes of arabidopsis thaliana and their expression in electroporated plant protoplasts. | we have characterized the u2 snrna gene family in the higher plant arabidopsis thaliana. it consists of 10-15 genes which do not appear to be closely clustered. six of the u2 genes were sequenced and the structure of the arabidopsis u2 rna termini was determined in order to define the coding regions. each of the genes codes for a distinct rna differing from the others by 2-13 point mutations, localized in the 3' part of the 196 nt-long rna. the upstream non-coding regions of all genes show stron ... | 1988 | 16453831 |
| [activity of the corn spm transposon system in transgenic plants orychophragmus violaceus (l.) o.e. schulz obtained by both direct transfer of dna to protoplasts and agrobacterial transformation of root explants]. | transposon mediated insertional mutagenesis is one of the approaches for the unique gene cloning. a wild species of cruciferae family orychophragmus violaceus (l.) o.e. schulz, which is of interest for practical breeding as a donor of improved plant oil, was an object of the investigation. plasmid construction used in the experiments included selective npt ii gene, reported gus gene serving as an excision marker, structural bar gene located within the dspm element and spm transposase. the gus ge ... | 2002 | 12557477 |
| nuclear reconstitution of plant (orychophragmus violaceus) demembranated sperm in cell-free extracts from animal (xenopus laevis) eggs. | cell-free extracts from animal xenopus laevis egg could induce chromatin decondensation and pronuclear formation from demembranated plant (orychophragmus violaceus) sperm. when incubated with xenopus egg extracts, the demembranated sperm began to swell and then gradually decondensed. the assembly of the nuclear envelope in the reconstituted nuclei was visualized by means of electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy. membrane vesicles fused to form the double envelope around the periphery o ... | 2001 | 11886209 |
| foliar modifications induced by inhibition of polar transport of auxin. | the effects of auxin polar transport inhibitors, 9-hydroxy-fluorene-9-carboxylic acid (hfca); 2, 3, 5-triiodobenzoic acid (tiba) and trans-cinnamic acid (ca) on leaf pattern formation were investigated with shoots formed from cultured leaf explants of tobacco and cultured pedicel explants of orychophragmus violaceus, and the seedlings of tobacco and brassica chinensis. although the effective concentration varies with the inhibitors used, all of the inhibitors induced the formation of trumpet-sha ... | 1999 | 10321686 |
| nuclear pre-mrna processing in plants: distinct modes of 3'-splice-site selection in plants and animals. | the report that human growth hormone pre-mrna is not processed in transgenic plant tissues (a. barta, k. sommergruber, d. thompson, k. hartmuth, m.a. matzke, and a.j.m. matzke, plant mol. biol. 6:347-357, 1986) has suggested that differences in mrna splicing processes exist between plants and animals. to gain more information about the specificity of plant pre-mrna processing, we have compared the splicing of the soybean leghemoglobin pre-mrna with that of the human beta-globin pre-mrna in trans ... | 1988 | 3386632 |