| serum bactericidal activity in the horseshoe crab, limulus polyphemus. | serum from the horseshoe crab, limulus polyphemus, was examined for bactericidal activity against five species of bacteria. greatest activity was found against pseudomonas putida and flavobacterium sp.; with the former, serum dilutions as high as 1:20 were capable of reducing viable counts by 50% within 2 h. bactericidal activity of a significantly lesser magnitude was demonstrated against serratia marcesencs and salmonella minnesota. no killing was seen when the lobster pathogen aerococcus viri ... | 1976 | 11188 |
| cross-protective immunity to gram-negative bacilli: studies with core glycolipid of salmonella minnesota and antigens of streptococcus pneumoniae. | two immunoprophylactic approaches to the control of infections caused by gramnegative bacilli were evaluated by study of experimental infections in animals. the core glycolipid antigen derived from the re mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 is shared by virtually all enteric bacteria, and immunization with this endotoxin protects against the hemodynamic sequelae of bacterial infection and pyrexia without enhancing intravascular clearance of bacteria. the degree of protection afforded by active a ... | 1977 | 19538 |
| detection by immunofluorescence of common antigenic determinants in unrelated gram-negative bacteria and their lipopolysaccharides. | various gram-negative bacteria were subjected to mild acid hydrolysis. the acid-treated bacteria exhibited strong cross-reactivity with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antiserum to the re mutant of salmonella minnesota. hydrolyzed bacteria showed considerably stronger fluorescence than heat-treated bacteria. it is assumed that acid hydrolysis uncovers shared glycolipid determinants that are responsible for cross-reactivity. isolated homologous and heterologous lipopolysaccharides were allo ... | 1977 | 68087 |
| studies on a receptor for pyocin in a r mutant of salmonella minnesota. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from the pyocin sensitive r form strain of salmonella minnesota f6 (chemotype rd1) inhibited the activity of bacteriophage tail-like pyocin p1 whereas no inhibition occurred with lps prepared from the pyocin resistant s form of s. minnesota. subunits of lipopolysaccharide obtained by treatment with sodium deoxycholate and the polysaccharide fraction of the lipopolysaccharide obtained by acid hydrolysis were shown to be still active whereas lipid a fraction had n ... | 1979 | 113953 |
| action of bacterial endotoxin and lipid a on mitochondrial enzyme activities of cells in culture and subcellular fractions. | escherichia coli o127:b8 lipopolysaccharide (lps), prepared by the westphal procedure, caused a marked decrease in the activities of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and adenylate kinase in african green monkey kidney (vero) cells and primary cultures of mouse liver cells within 2 h after exposure to 10 micrograms of lps/ml of culture medium. these three enzyme activities leaked into the supernatant fraction, and cytochrome oxidase activity was lost from the mouse liv ... | 1979 | 114491 |
| [structural investigations on lipopolysaccharides of mutants s sf 1111 and r 595 sf 1167 of salmonella minnesota (author's transl)]. | the lipolysaccharides of two mutants of salmonella minnesota with known chemical structure were investigated by x-ray methods. both thickness of the lipopolysaccharide layer and arrangement of the molecular components could be estimated. using these informations a space-filling model of the structure was built. | 1979 | 156467 |
| relation of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins. viii. biological activities in a polysaccharide-rich fraction. | this is the first report describing in vivo biologic activities elicited by a non-toxic, polysaccharide-rich, water soluble fraction obtained by partial acidic hydrolysis from endotoxic lipopolysaccharide. the two activities present in this preparation were a) mouse bone marrow cell colony formation stimulation (csf) and b) protection of mice against lethal irradiation. with polysaccharide-deficient rough mutants of salmonella minnesota, the csf-inducing activity could be restricted to the "core ... | 1975 | 239055 |
| stimulation of t-independent antibody responses by hapten-lipopolysaccharides without repeating polymeric structure. | the murine immune response to a haptenated lipopolysaccharide (lps) lacking repeating oligosaccharide determinants was studied. the lps was extracted from a rough strain of bacteria (salmonella minnesota r595) and chemically haptenated with either trinitrophenol or fluorescein isothiocyanate. these preparations of hapten-r595 lps were shown to be immunogenic. furthermore, the immune response to the hapten was demonstrated to occur independent of t cells and was not merely the result of enhanced ... | 1979 | 311343 |
| metabolic carbohydrate-labelling of glycolipids from mouse splenocytes. mitogen-stimulated b and t cells show different labelling patterns. | splenic lymphocytes from cba/j, akr/a/j, balb/c/a, c57/bl/6j, c3h/hej and c3h/tif nu/nu mice and b lymphocyte or t lymphocyte preparations derived from cba/j mouse spleen were cultivated in the presence of either concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide or proteus mirabilis soluble lipoprotein. the mitogens stimulated the incorporation of [14c]galactose into acid-insoluble cell material with the same specificity for b or t cells as that known for thymidine ... | 1979 | 314379 |
| cross-reactive antigens: their potential for immunization-induced immunity to gram-negative bacteria. | the involvement of multiple species and serologic types in gram-negative bacteremia prompted evaluation of immunization with shared, cross-reactive antigens of gram negative bacilli. active and passive immunization with re chemotype mutants of salmonella minnesota afforded significant protection against heterologous gram-negative bacilli and were considerably more effective than immunization with smooth s. minnesota or its ra, rb, rc, rd1 and rd2 mutants. since the lipopolysaccharide of the re m ... | 1977 | 330775 |
| interaction of lipopolysaccharide with detergents and its possible role in the detergent resistance of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. | in the presence of mgcl2, amounts of detergents which disrupted phospholipid vesicles caused lipopolysaccharide i from proteus mirabilis to aggregate and form vesicular, membrane-like structures. vesicle formation with p. mirabilis lipopolysaccharide ii containing longer o-polysaccharide chains was extremely poor. lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota r mutants (chemotypes ra, rc and re) displayed a growing tendency for vesicle formation with increasing deficiency of the r core polysacchar ... | 1978 | 352397 |
| [peritoneal macrophages disappearance--nelson-boyden reaction--caused by the polysaccharide moiety of salmonella minnesota endotoxin]. | | 1979 | 401013 |
| endotoxic glycolipid as a potent depressor of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme systems in mice. | inhibitory effects of the endotoxic glycolipid from salmonella minnesota r595 on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in mice were investigated, and the depressor activity of the glycolipid in the enzyme systems was confirmed. among degradation products of lipopolysaccharides tested, lipid a preparations derived from the mild acetic acid hydrolysates of lipopolysaccharides were the most active, but the lipid a fractions prepared from the hydrolysates with 1 n-hcl were almost inactive. a d ... | 1979 | 459949 |
| isolation of lipopolysaccharides and the effect of polymyxin b on the outer membrane of corynebacterium autotrophicum. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) from corynebacterium autotrophicum were isolated and analyzed. autotrophically grown cells contained 2--5 mg of partly purified lps per g dry weight of lyophilized cells. serological cross reaction with lipid a antigen of salmonella minnesota confirmed the presence of lps in c. autotrophicum. electron microscopy of negatively stained polymyxin b-treated cells showed formation of blebs on the outer membrane indicating an interaction of polymyxin b specifically with lps. ... | 1978 | 697503 |
| parameters affecting the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of immunoglobulin g antibody to a rough mutant of salmonella minnesota. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect rabbit immunoglobulin g antibodies against purified lipopolysaccharide of the rough re mutant of salmonella minnesota. the time necessary for each step was investigated, and this resulted in a test that could be completed in 1 working day. serial dilutions of rabbit sera drawn throughout immunization with the re mutant revealed an elimination of the prozone effect upon prolonged immunization. we interpret this to demonstrate an increas ... | 1978 | 711330 |
| studies of a receptor for fp3-phage in salmonella minnesota r595. | the adsorption rate constant of the phage fp3 to sensitive s. minnesota r595 strain was used to evaluate the inactivating capacity towards phage fp3 exhibited by isolated glycolipid and free lipid a. the results suggest that phage fp3 receptor is localized in the glycolipid structure. phage fp3 is not adsorbed on the other re mutant cells, proteus r45, but respective products: glycolipid and free lipid a from r45 exhibitory the inhibition capacity towards phage fp3, comparable to the activity of ... | 1978 | 749776 |
| the selective binding of aggregated igg to lipid a-rich bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | to explore the mechanism by which certain bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) enhance platelet stimulation by aggregated igg, we studied potential interactions between the two ligands. lipid a or the lipid a-rich lps from salmonella minnesota r595 (lps r595) selectively increased the sedimentation of aggregated rather than monomer igg in sucrose density gradients. insolubilized igg aggregates adsorbed lps r595 from solution. these two experiments suggested binding of igg aggregates to lps r595 o ... | 1978 | 627721 |
| salmonellae in health foods. | various health food products of different brands were purchased from stores in the metropolitan atlanta area. these foods were examined for the presence of salmonellae by fluorescent-antibody and cultural methods. included in the study were tablets of alfalfa, parsley, kelp, wheat bran, enzyme, bone meal, and vitamins. beef liver powder and tablets and granola cereal were also studied. salmonella minnesota, salmonella anatum, and salmonella derby were isolated from two of three lots of beef live ... | 1977 | 563217 |
| the mitogenic activity of lipopolysaccharide for spleen cells from germfree, conventional, and gnotobiotic rats. | spleen cells from germfree rats, conventionally reared rats, and gnotobiotic rats associated with two pseudomonas species gave no positive blastogenic response when incubated with each of four lipopolysaccharide (lps) preparations from escherichia coli, with glycolipid extracted from salmonella minnesota r595 or with s. minnesota r595 lipid a. however, spleen cell preparations from athymic mice demonstrated a positive blastogenic response when incubated with e. coli lps. removal of adherent cell ... | 1979 | 540263 |
| on the interferon-inducing properties of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid and its derivatives. | | 1979 | 525151 |
| effect of solubilization of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid on its interferon-induced activity. | electrodialysis of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid, or exposure to 0.2 m edta, ph 7.0, yields products capable of eliciting interferon production at concentrations 10-fold lower than that of the original glycolipid. | 1979 | 446649 |
| relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins: serologically cross-reactive components and their effect on protection of mice against some gram-negative infections. | rabbit antisera were prepared against the heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and s. typhimurium sli102, as well as against purified r595 glycolipid coated on autologous erythrocytes. the antisera cross-reacted with the endotoxic glycolipids extracted from re mutants of various bacterial strains, including s. minnesota r595, s. typhimurium sli102, escherichia coli d3im4, e. coli d2if2 and e. coli f515, as shown by passive haemagglutination and gel diffusion tests. the anti-re sera ... | 1976 | 778329 |
| activation of complement by opportunist pathogens and chemotypes of salmonella minnesota. | washed cells of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and salmonella minnesota chemotypes (s, rb, and re) were tested for their ability to activate the alternative complement pathway (acp). parameters of acp activation were (i) conversion of c3 in 10 mm ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n1-tetraacetic acid-treated human serum supplemented with 2.5 mm mgcl2, (ii) lysis of glutathione-treated human erythrocytes in the presence of human serum ... | 1977 | 408268 |
| effect of active and passive immunizations with lipid a and salmonella minnesota re 595 on gram-negative infections in mice. | the capacity of lipid a, a structure common to the lipopolysaccharide cores of all gram-negative bacteria, to serve as an active immunizing agent in mice and to protect these animals against gram-negative infections was investigated. active immunization experiments were also performed with the re mutant of salmonella minnesota 595 which carries a lipopolysaccharide composed of lipid a and three residues of ketodeoxyoctonic acid. single injections of lipid a complexed to acid-hydrolyzed bacteria ... | 1976 | 789248 |
| specific and nonspecific immunity to serratia marcescens infection. | by specific active or passive immunization, mice were protected against lethal infection with serratia marcescens. animals that were immunized against organisms of the challenge strain o serotype survived, whereas animals that were immunized against other serratia o serotypes did not survive. protective sera (from convalescent partients or immunized rabbits) contained a specific complement-independent opsonin. these sera also contained passive hemagglutinating and bacterial agglutinating antibod ... | 1976 | 789788 |
| "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae: immunofluorescent detection of antigen and antibody. | the re chemotype mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 has a cell-wall glycolipid composed principally of 2-keto, 3 deoxyoctonate and lipid a, which is an antigen widely shared by enterobacteriaceae. high-titered antiserum against this antigen can be conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate for direct detection of this antigen in heterologous bacteria and staining of bacteria in tissue. alternatively, the indirect immunofluorescence technique can be used for antigen detection on bacterial surfac ... | 1975 | 807915 |
| effect of aerosol immunization with re 595 salmonella minnesota on lung bactericidal activity against serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | intrapulmonary bactericidal activity was measured after mice were given 3 weekly aerosol exposures to acid-hydrolyzed re 595 salmonella minnesota. ten days after their last immunization, mice were challenged with aerolized serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, or pseudomonas aeruginosa. quantitative bacterial counts in ground lung were obtained immediately after exposure and again 4 hours later. enhanced bactericidal activity against serratia marcescens and enterobacter cloacae was seen in ... | 1977 | 407823 |
| immunization with r mutants of salmonella minnesota. ii. comparison of the protective effect of immunization with lipid a and the re mutant. | the protective effect of active immunization with salmonella minnesota re bacilli or lipid a was assessed in the granulocytopenic rabbit model. animals were immunized with re bacilli, lipid a, or pseudomonas aeruginosa as a nonspecific immunogen. after colonization with one of three enterobacterial strains (two escherichia coli, one enterobacter aerogenes), the immunized rabbits as well as controls given saline injections were made leukopenic with nitrogen mustard and monitored for fever, bacter ... | 1977 | 407161 |
| [influence of pyocin p1 on salmonella minnesota rd1 (proceedings)]. | | 1976 | 983521 |
| lipid a and anti-lipid a. | lipid a in free form, in crude antigen preparations, and on formalin-treated escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota r595 was employed in studies of its antigenic composition, immunogenicity, and availability on gram-negative bacteria. analyses with immunodiffusion and crossed immunoelectrophoresis of isolated lipid a preparations revealed three components. inhibition experiments with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the lipid a structure was not exposed on the tested smooth or ro ... | 1979 | 378836 |
| membrane receptors of human erythrocytes for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). | the binding specificity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) was investigated by inhibition experiments of the binding of 3h-labelled escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) and 3h-labelled salmonella minnesota r595 glycolipid and lipid a to human erythrocytes using various glycoproteins as inhibitors. pas-1 glycoprotein and band-3 glycoprotein of human erythrocyte membranes exerted strong inhibitory activity. to characterize membrane receptors for lps, solubilized membranes of human erythroc ... | 1978 | 374801 |
| the modification of biophysical and endotoxic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by serum. | normal rabbit serum reduces the buoyant density of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli 0111:b4 (d = 1.44 g/cm3) and salmonella minnesota r595 (d = 1.38 g/cm3) to a value less than g/cm3. this density shift is associated with the inhibition of a number of endotoxic activities of the lps; namely, the pyrogenic activity, the ability to produce an immediate neutropenia in rabbits, lethality in adrenalectomized mice, and anticomplementary activity. a qualitatively similar change in buoyant ... | 1978 | 372234 |
| functional role of antibody against "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae. | antibodies against the "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae (2-keto, 3-deoxyoctonate-lipid a) have been associated with protection against the sequelae of gram-negative rod bacteremia. to investigate the nature of this protection, dogs and rabbits were immunized with purified glycolipid prepared by phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether extraction of the "re" mutant of salmonella minnesota 595 and opsonophagocytic and bactericidal tests were carried out using lapine peritoneal granulocytes and ser ... | 1975 | 1099119 |
| structural and genetic basis of the in vivo immune response to tnp-lps. | tnp-lipopolysaccharide (tnp-lps) is a potent t-independent antigen in vivo, inducing a tnp-pfc response in t-depleted animals. the structural integrity of the lipid a-kdo portion of the lps carrier molecule appears to be required since the haptenated lps from salmonella minnesota re595 is immunogenic whereas the haptenated derivative of base hydrolyzed lps is not. the immune response is not associated with any of the common histocompatiblity types, but does depend on the ability of the host stra ... | 1975 | 1100725 |
| structure of the hexose region of shigella sonnei phase ii lipopolysaccharide with 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid as possible immunodeterminant and its relation to escherichia coli r1 core. | comparative chemical analysis (methylation, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, periodate oxidation, etc.) of the lipopolysaccharides and degraded polysaccharides derived from shigella sonnei phase i, phase ii and galactose-deficient r mutants revealed a structure as shown: (formula: see text) 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (docla) as an immunodeterminant was observed in the passive hemolysis inhibition test by (a) selective inhibition of the phase ii system by docla; (b) the kinetics of the ... | 1978 | 352697 |
| susceptibility of lipopolysaccharide mutants to the bactericidal action of human neutrophil lysosomal fractions. | acetate extracts of purified human neutrophil granules (a mixed population containing specific and azurophil granules) were dialyzed against phosphate-buffered saline (ph 7.0) and tested for bactericidal activity against smooth parent and rough mutant, gram-negative bacteria. rough (re) mutants of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and salmonella minnesota were exquisitely more sensitive to extracts of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules than were their smooth (s) parents. the mean ... | 1977 | 326666 |
| envelope proteins in salmonella minnesota mutants. | envelope proteins of one smooth (s) strain and seven rough (r) mutants of salmonella minnesota were examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. all strains gave similar band patterns although some consistent differences were detected. a major polypeptide band at 54k, which coincided with the flagellar component, was more prominent in s, ra and rb than in the rc, rd and re chemotypes. the latter strains, however, showed more prominent bands at 48, 19 and 18k. the stage ... | 1975 | 1151343 |
| binding of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to histocompatibility-2-complex proteins of mouse lymphocytes. | the membrane binding sites for lipopolysaccharide (lps) were isolated by affinity chromatography of the solubilized membranes prepared from 125i-labeled mouse b-cells and t-cells on an affinity adsorbent prepared by coupling salmonella minnesota r595 lps to activated sepharose 4b. the membrane proteins bound to the affinity adsorbent and eluted with 1.0% triton x-100 were analyzed according to their mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulphate. these membrane proteins ... | 1979 | 312242 |
| binding of bacterial endotoxin to murine spleen lymphocytes. | the early events in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced b-cell activation were investigated by studying the binding of 14c-labeled lps to murine lymphocytes in vitro. in these studies we utilized intrinsically labeled 14c-labeled lps from salmonella minnesota or the 14c-labeled glycolipid derived from the re mutant of s. minnesota (r595). bone marrow-derived (b) lymphocytes bound more lps than did thymus-derived (t) lymphocytes. binding of lps to murine spleen lymphocytes from strain c3h/hen was co ... | 1977 | 299851 |
| new function for high density lipoproteins. their participation in intravascular reactions of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli 0111:b4 or salmonella minnesota r595 to plasma (or serum) resulted in a marked reduction of the hydrated buoyant density of the parent lps (0111:b4 [d = 1.44 g/cm3] and r595 [d = 1.38 g/cm3]), to d less than 1.2 g/cm3. this reduction in buoyant density to less than 1.2 g/cm3 of the lps required plasma (or serum) lipid. delipidation of plasma (or serum) by extraction with n-butanol/diisopropyl ether (40/60, vol:vol) prevente ... | 1979 | 227936 |
| inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-initiated activation of serum complement by polymyxin b. | treatment of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) isolated from salmonella minnesota r595 or purified lipid a with the antibiotic polymyxin b has been demonstrated to abrogate the ability of these molecules to activate serum complement. the inhibition is a function of the ratio of polymyxin b to lipopolysaccharide. | 1976 | 175019 |
| immunosuppressive effects induced by the polysaccharide moiety of some bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the immunomodulatory properties of several lipopolysaccharides (lps) derived from clinical isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa, branhamella catarrhalis, and bordetella pertussis were evaluated for their capacity to influence the magnitude of the antibody response to type iii pneumococcal polysaccharide (sss-iii), which is known to be regulated by suppressor and amplifier t cells (ts and ta, respectively). the administration of lps, two days after immunization resulted in a significant increase in ... | 1992 | 1286878 |
| preparation and binding specificity of a monoclonal antibody recognizing 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdo) in lipopolysaccharides of re chemotype. | a mouse monoclonal antibody (mab e1) was raised against the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of the re mutant r595 of salmonella minnesota. this igg3 antibody (mab e1), unstable at low ph and low ionic strength, was purified by chromatography on qae sepharose a50. the binding specificity of mab e1 was characterized by direct and inhibition enzyme immunoassays, using natural lpss from different strains and chemotypes, and synthetic analogs of lps substructure of the 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kd ... | 1992 | 1294455 |
| a lipopolysaccharide-binding cell-surface protein from salmonella minnesota. isolation, partial characterization and occurrence in different enterobacteriaceae. | 1. protein extracts obtained from salmonella minnesota re mutant cells by treatment with edta/nac1 solution contain a protein which exhibits high affinity to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. the isolation and partial characterization of this lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is described. 2. the protein was purified from edta extracts by a two-step procedure consisting of ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 9.5. the yield of the tota ... | 1979 | 111933 |
| the effect of complement depletion on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced hemodynamic and hematologic changes in the rhesus monkey. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from salmonella minnesota r595 or from escherichia coli 0111:b4 induces hypotension in rhesus monkeys with normal complement levels. this hypotension is accompanied by decreased total peripheral resistance. the depletion of c3 and terminal complement components by prior intraperitoneal administration of the anticomplementary protein cobra factor did not alter the hemodynamic changes which occur following the rapid injection of 5 mg/kg of r595 lps, the infusion o ... | 1978 | 99042 |
| characteristics of pr5, a lipid-containing plasmid-dependent phage. | an extensive characterization of plasmid-dependent phage pr5 isolated from sewage has been carried out. the phage has a head diameter of 65--68 nm, is isometric with a double-layered capsid, and a minority possess tails. it adsorbs to many but not all types of bacteria possessing p, n, or w plasmids. the phage contains 20% lipid, 15.1% dna, and 64.9% protein by weight and has a buoyant density of 1.265 g/ml in cscl. the dna is double-stranded with a g + c content of 49% and a molecular weight of ... | 1978 | 98225 |
| immunization with r mutants of salmonella minnesota. ii. serological response to lipid a and the lipopolysaccharide of re mutants. | rabbits were immunized with salmonella minnesota re mutant bacilli or lipid a, and the serological responses were compared. re lipopolysaccharide and lipid a were found to possess distinct antigenic determinants as measured by hemagglutination, hemolysis, and precipitin techniques. lipid a preparations from several enterobacterial and non-enterobacterial species were shown to cross-react in agar gel precipitation reactions. in contrast, preparations from bacilli that do not contain glucosamine a ... | 1977 | 69613 |
| immunological responses to salmonella r antigens. the bacterial cell and the protein edestin as carriers for r oligosaccharide determinants. | responses in rabbits to heat-killed salmonella minnesota r mutants (chemotypes ra, rc and re) were heterogeneous with respect to the amounts and specific haemagglutinin activities (shaa) of igm and igg antibodies produced to each mutant. amounts of antibodies in igm and igg fractions of sera were determined by quantitative precipitation. for comparison, antibodies were also isolated using an r oligosaccharide-specific immunoadsorbent and quantitated spectrophotometrically. shaa (haemagglutinatin ... | 1975 | 49297 |
| a sensitive substrate for the clotting enzyme in horseshoe crab hemocytes. | an endotoxin-activated hemocyte lysate from horseshoe crab (tachypleus and limulus) was found to hydrolyze specifically bz-ile-glu-gly-arg-p-nitroanilide, which was recently introduced as the substrate for assay of the blood coagulation factor, factor xa. further, this amidase activity increased by increasing the concentration of bacterial endotoxin (salmonella minnesota r595) added to the lysate. thus, the measurement of the amidase activity in the hemocyte lysate can be very useful to detect a ... | 1977 | 19439 |
| a study of cell surface constituents restricting salmonella minnesota r form glycopid mr595 fixation to normal rat embryo fibroblasts. | the nature of the cell surface constituent(s) containing sialic acid that block fixation of bacterial glycolipid mr595 to normal rat fibroblasts was explored. indirect evidence suggests that a trypsin-sensitive, high molecular weight glycoprotein, present in larger amounts on the surface of normal cells (as compared with transformed rat fibroblasts), may be involved as a blocking agent. | 1978 | 752409 |
| mechanisms of cellular interaction with monosodium urate crystals. igg-dependent and igg-independent platelet stimulation by urate crystals. | monosodium urate crystals (msu) stimulate suspensions of washed platelets or neutrophils. when msu crystals are coated with igg, as occurs in plasma, stimulation is markedly enhanced. these studies which use msu-induced human platelet serotonin secretion as a model examine the nature of cellular recognition mechanisms for msu crystals and igg-coated msu crystals. f(ab')2 fragments of specific anti-fc antibody blocked and the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota r595 enhanced human platelet ... | 1978 | 737013 |
| binding of salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid mr595 to rat fibroblasts and its effect on cell metabolism and cell behaviour. | trypsinized normal rat embryo fibroblasts and untrypsinized and trypsinized transformed rat fibroblasts have two orders of binding sites for bacterial glycolipid mr595. the high order sites fix 1--3 micrograms glycolipid mr595/10(5) cells and those of the low order fix about 6 microgram glycolipids mr595/10(6) cells. ca++ is required for the low order glycolipid mr595 binding to be trypsinized but not to the untrypsinized transformed rat fibroblasts. the low order binding is temperature dependen ... | 1979 | 762190 |
| reactivity of lipopolysaccharides from various salmonella sr and r chemotypes ra-re mutants with concanavalin a. | lipopolysaccharides from different r mutants of salmonella minnesota and salmonella typhimurium belonging to chemotypes ra to re, as well as from three sr mutants of salmonella typhimurium were selected for a study of their precipitability with concanavalin a. predictions as to the outcome of the reaction could be made since both the chemical structure of the salmonella r lipopolysaccharides and structural requirements for a positive reaction with concanavalin a are well established. precipitati ... | 1975 | 766503 |
| isolation and analysis of the lipid a backbone. lipid a structure of lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial groups. | a degradation procedure of lipopolysaccharides was worked out which allows the isolation of the reduced backbone of lipid a in a total yield of between 20 and 30%. this procedure was applied to lipopolysaccharides of s forms (salmonella minnesota, shigella flexneri 5b, escherichia coli 086, e. coli 0111, xanthomonas sinensis, rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa) and r mutants (salmonella minnesota, shigella flexneri, 5b, e. coli bb9 and e. coli eh 100). chemical analysis, reaction with beta-n-acetyl-glu ... | 1976 | 770165 |
| relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins. ix. differences in the lipid moiety of endotoxic glycolipids. | chemical, immunochemical, chromatographic, and endotoxic properties of five chromatographically pure glycolipids were compared. the preparations were extracted by chloroform-methanol from three escherichia coli, one salmonella minnesota, and one s. typhimurium re heptoseless mutant strains. the local shwartzman skin assay, the nonspecific resistance-enhancing effect, and the limulus assays could not distinguish among the five glycolipids, all five being active in all three assays. significant di ... | 1976 | 770436 |
| influence of temperature on growth of lipopolysaccharide-deficient (rough) mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota. | smooth strains of salmonella typhimurium and s. minnesota, and chemotypes ra, rb, and rc, which are deficient in lipopolysaccharide components of the somatic side chains and outer core region, grow normally on nutrient agar and nutrient broth up to 45 degrees c. however, most mutants with defects in the heptose region of the lps (chemotypes rd2 and re) do not grow on this medium at 42 degrees c or above; a few grow at 42 degrees c but not at 45 degrees c. in liquid medium (nutrient broth, or pho ... | 1976 | 788869 |
| phase diagram of deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide from salmonella minnesota r595. | the structural polymorphism of deep rough mutant lipopolysaccharide--in many biological systems the most active endotoxin--from salmonella minnesota strain r595 was investigated as function of temperature, water content, and mg2+ concentration. differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the amount of bound water and the enthalpy change at the beta<==>alpha gel to liquid crystalline acyl chain melting. the onset, midtemperature tc, and completion of the beta<==>alpha phase transition ... | 1992 | 1486008 |
| [studies on the temperature dependence of growth of salmonella minnesota r-mutants (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 910578 |
| interferon production in mice by components of salmonella minnesota r595 lipid a. | the lipid a precipitate obtained by partial hydrolysis in 1% acetic acid of the glycolipid of a mutant strain of salmonella minnesota (rough strain r595) was separated into a number of components by thin-layer chromatography. when tested as bovine serum albumin complexes, the minimal interferon-inducing dose in mice of the parent glycolipid was 0.1 mug, whereas that of lipid a was 1.0 mug. the minimal dose of the separated components ranged from 0.1 to 20 mug. the components did not differ signi ... | 1976 | 971965 |
| [investigations on the fatty acid composition of lipids from salmonella minnesota s and r forms (author's transl)]. | non-covalently bound lipids were extracted from 2 salmonella minnesota s forms and 5 r mutants (chemotype ra-re) isolated from these strains. the lipids were subsequently analysed with regard to fatty acid composition. the extracts were free of lipid a, as determined by absence of beta-hydroxymyristic acid. the fatty acid distribution in the lipids of the two s forms, cultivated at 37 degrees c to the beginning of the stationary phase of growth, agreed very closely, and the values corresponded t ... | 1976 | 1015016 |
| structural features that influence the ability of lipid a and its analogs to abolish expression of suppressor t cell activity. | lipid a preparations derived from the lipopolysaccharides of several gram-negative bacteria, as well as chemically defined synthetic lipid a's and their analogs (both glucosamine mono- and disaccharides), were used to establish the chemical structures required for (i) abolishing the expression of suppressor t cell (ts) function and (ii) inducing polyclonal activation of b cells. salmonella minnesota r595 lipid a (diphosphoryl lipid a) possesses both of these activities. decreasing the number of ... | 1992 | 1535339 |
| lipid a, the active part of bacterial endotoxins in inducing serum colony stimulating activity and proliferation of splenic granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells. | an analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharides (lps), the lipid or the polysaccharide (ps), is active in stimulating the murine granulopoietic system has been performed. lps with different structures, isolated from different mutant strains of salmonella and chemical degradation products of lipopolysaccharides have been used. lipid a obtained by acid hydrolysys of the lps and complexed to bovine serum albumin (bsa) (lipid a-bsa) was shown to be active in generating serum colony stimulating ... | 1976 | 1081990 |
| use of low toxicity adjuvants and killed virus to induce protective immunity against the friend murine leukaemia retrovirus-induced disease. | low toxic and synthetic adjuvants were investigated in the induction of protective immunity against friend murine retrovirus-induced erythroleukaemia by immunization with inactivated friend murine leukaemia helper virus (f-mulv). 6-o-(2-tetradecyl-hexadecanoyl)-n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (b30-mdp) showed a significant enhancement of the protective immunity against friend virus-induced erythroleukaemia not only in h-2a/b mice known to make good immune responses to f-mulv envelope, bu ... | 1992 | 1574922 |
| blocking of bacteriophages phi w and phi 5 with lipopolysaccharides from escherichia coli k-12 mutants. | in the preceding paper we presented a formula for the composition of lipopolysaccharides (lps) from escherichia coli k-12. this formula contains four regions defined from analyses of lps from four key strains, the parent and mutants which had lost one, two, or three regions of their carbohydrates. support for the formula was derived from the susceptibility of the key mutants to several bacteriophages. one of these, phage phi w, was found specific for strains which had lost region 4. in this pape ... | 1975 | 1089629 |
| effect of lipopolysaccharide and lipid a on mouse liver pyruvate kinase activity. | several investigators have reported lipid a as the biologically active unit in the lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecule. to determine if lipid a was responsible for the reported increases in pyruvate kinase, mice were injected with endotoxin from salmonella typhimurium sr-11, the re mutant of salmonella minnesota r 595, and lipid a-bovine serum albumin conjugate. the livers were homogenized and the activity of pyruvate kinase was measured. similar increases in enzyme were obtained with all three pr ... | 1975 | 1104489 |
| early endotoxin tolerance in suckling rats. | early endotoxin tolerance has not been well investigated in the newborn. this study demonstrated that a sublethal dose of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (s. ent-lps) or rough mutant salmonella minnesota lps (re-lps) induced early endotoxin tolerance in suckling rats, showing blunted hypoglycemia and decreased mortality. the mortality of endotoxic shock was lower in s. ent-lps pretreated group than re-lps pretreated group. a sublethal dose of s. ent-lps caused lactacidemia but re-lps d ... | 1992 | 1604049 |
| effect of core lipopolysaccharides from salmonella minnesota r mutants on the survival times of mice bearing ehrlich tumor. | injection of a homologous series of bacterial core lipopolysaccharides obtained from salmonella minnesota r mutants to ehrlich solid tumor-beating mice results in an increase of survival times of treated animals. lower chain length favors greater antitumor activity. oligosaccharides and polysaccharides derived from lipopolysaccharides were found to be ineffective in increasing survial time of tumore-bearing mice. smaller-sugar-chain-length core lipopolysaccharides were found to be better adjuvan ... | 1975 | 1116126 |
| biological activity of phthalated endotoxin. | glycolipid (gl) was extracted from a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota by a mixture of phenol, chloroform, and petroleum ether. the gl was subjected to treatment with either acetic anhydride or phthalic anhydride; a portion of the gl was untreated. both of the chemically treated preparations as well as the parent gl were examined for biological activity in the following systems: mouse lethality assays, rabbit pyrogenicity assays, and rabbit skin assays. the results of these studies indi ... | 1975 | 1182609 |
| adhesion molecules involved in the interaction of lgl/nk cells and human endothelial cells stimulated with salmonella bacteria. | previously we showed that pretreatment of lgl/nk or huve cells with salmonella bacteria augments the adhesion of lgl/nk cells to endothelium. here we analyse the roles of huvec adhesion molecules vcam-1, icam-1 and e-selectin, and the counter-receptors vla-4, lfa-1 and slex in the increase of lgl/nk adhesion to huvec, stimulated with salmonella minnesota mr595 bacteria, lps or tnf-alpha. on salmonella-stimulated huvec, vcam-1 and icam-1 were the major binding structures involved, and their effec ... | 1992 | 1279781 |
| lipopolysaccharide binding protein enhances the responsiveness of alveolar macrophages to bacterial lipopolysaccharide. implications for cytokine production in normal and injured lungs. | a plasma lipopolysaccharide (lps)-binding protein (lbp) has been shown to regulate the response of rabbit peritoneal macrophages and human blood monocytes to endotoxin (lps). we investigated whether lbp is present in lung fluids and the effects of lbp on the response of lung macrophages to lps. immunoreactive lbp was detectable in the lavage fluids of patients with the adult respiratory distress syndrome by immunoprecipitation followed by western blotting, and also by specific immunoassay. in ra ... | 1992 | 1281827 |
| [lipopolysaccharide binding protein enhances intratracheally administrated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung inflammation via a cd14 receptor]. | we examined the role of lipopolysaccharide binding protein (lbp) in the airspace and the cd14 receptor on alveolar macrophages in tnf alpha production and neutrophil (pmn) sequestration in lungs induced by intratracheal injection of lipopolysaccharide (lps). lps alone (salmonella minnesota wild-type; 20 ng) or lps + lbp complex [lps (20 ng) + rabbit lbp (500 ng); preincubated for 30 min at 37 degrees c] was injected intratracheally into isolated rabbit lungs perfused with lactate-ringer-albumin ... | 1992 | 1284855 |
| monocyte cytokine secretion induced by chemically-defined derivatives of klebsiella pneumoniae. | the capacity of a k. pneumoniae membrane proteoglycan (kp-mpg) and four of its chemically defined derivatives to activate human monocytes was studied by measuring immunoreactive il-1 beta, il-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) in culture supernatants. monocyte culture supernatants were also tested for their comitogenic activity on concanavalin a-stimulated thymocytes and for their cytotoxic activity on the mouse fibroblastic l929 cell line. the four kp-mpg derivatives were: (i) an ac ... | 1992 | 1628418 |
| generation of one set of monoclonal antibodies specific for b-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides. | we established six murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for b-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota mutant r595. the binding specificities of these mabs were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunostaining on thin-layer chromatogram. these six mabs, designated ggb19, gmr2, gmr7, ggr12, gmr5, and ggr13 reacted strongly with the gangliosides gd3, o-ac-gd3, gd2, gd1b, gt1b, and g ... | 1992 | 1371229 |
| a synthetic glycoconjugate representing the genus-specific epitope of chlamydial lipopolysaccharide exhibits the same specificity as its natural counterpart. | the tetrasaccharide 3-deoxy-alpha-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (alpha-kdo) (2----8)-alpha-kdo(2----4)-alpha-kdo(2----6)-beta glcnac, a partial structure of chlamydial lipopolysaccharide (lps) representing a genus-specific epitope, was synthesized and covalently linked to bovine serum albumin, resulting in an artificial glycoconjugate antigen. mice were immunized with the glycoconjugate to prepare chlamydia-specific monoclonal antibodies. they were selected with chlamydia-specific lps antigens and ... | 1992 | 1372290 |
| purification and characterization of lps-free porins isolated from salmonella minnesota. | porins of salmonella minnesota, r595, were purified by anion exchange chromatography and subsequently isolated in their monomeric form by chromatofocusing. two forms of porin could be isolated, both with an apparent molecular mass of 37,000, but of differing isoelectric points (pi 4.6 versus pi of 4.9). porins with pi 4.9 did not contain any detectable lps, but porins with pi 4.6 were found to contain trace amounts of lps (1.3 x 10(-4) micrograms lps/1 microgram porin) as measured using a highly ... | 1992 | 1372873 |
| a monoclonal antibody (st-1) directed to the native heparin chain. | a mouse monoclonal antibody, st-1, was raised against heparin complexed to salmonella minnesota. characterization of this antibody showed that it recognizes an epitope in the intact molecule of heparin that is present regardless of its source or anticoagulant activity. st-1 is the first monoclonal antibody specific for the intact unmodified molecule of heparin to be described. 3h-labeled heparin in solution was immunoprecipitated by st-1, and the formation of the 3h-labeled immunocomplex was sel ... | 1992 | 1377883 |
| reactivity of monoclonal antibody e5 with endotoxin. i. binding to lipid a and rough lipopolysaccharides. | the murine igm monoclonal antibody (mab) e5 was produced by a hybridoma derived from spleen cells of a mouse immunized with the j5 rough mutant of escherichia coli o111:b4. in a multicenter randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, e5 has been shown to reduce significantly the mortality and morbidity of patients with gram-negative sepsis. the characteristics of e5 binding to endotoxin were studied in vitro. we report here the results of binding to an extensive panel of rough lipopolysacchari ... | 1992 | 1394865 |
| [the adhesive properties of s and r mutants of salmonella minnesota during batch cultivation]. | the study of the adhesive, surface-electrical and hydrophobic properties of s. minnesota s- and r-mutants in the process batch cultivation has revealed that the maximum values of the above parameters are characteristic of the stationary phase of culture growth and their minimum values, of the end of the lag phase. electrophoretic mobility and adhesiveness increase from s- to re-chemotype. the surface of salmonella s-form is more hydrophilic, than in r-mutants which are indistinguishable in the d ... | 1992 | 1414109 |
| 252cf plasma-desorption mass spectrometry of lipid a from enterobacter agglomerans. | endotoxins from gram-negative bacteria are believed to be causative agents of byssinosis, an occupational pulmonary disease associated with exposure to cotton dust in textile mills. lipid a preparations from enterobacter agglomerans, a gram-negative bacterium commonly found in cotton and cotton dust, have been analyzed using plasma-desorption mass spectrometry. results indicate the existence of at least two lipid a types which differ only by the presence of an additional oxygen atom whose positi ... | 1992 | 1421514 |
| studies on phospholipids of different mutants of salmonella minnesota. | lipid composition of the cells of smooth (s form) and core-defective rough mutants (ra, rb & re) of salmonella minnesota has been studied. the readily-extractable lipids (rels), acid-extractable lipids, and polar and nonpolar phospholipids have been analysed. fatty acid composition of the different fractions containing phospholipids and other neutral lipids have been determined by glc and gc-ms techniques. phosphatidyl glycerol (pg), phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) and diphosphatidyl glycerol (dpg ... | 1992 | 1427963 |
| activation of human monocyte chemiluminescence response by acylpoly(1,3)galactosides derived from klebsiella pneumoniae. | the stimulating activity of several preparations isolated from a membrane proteoglycan of a nonencapsulated smooth strain of klebsiella pneumoniae (kp-mpg) on the oxidative burst of human blood monocytes was assessed by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (cl). five kp derivatives were studied: a 34-kd acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (apg), obtained by drastic alkaline hydrolysis and purified by chromatography; an apg preparation subjected to acid hydrolysis that removed the core part and all fatty acid ... | 1992 | 1431564 |
| mobilization of iron and iron-related proteins in rat spleen after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharides (lps). | we used lipopolysaccharide (lps) to provoke immune responses and observed the changes in the localization of iron and iron-related proteins, such as transferrin receptor, ferritin and hemosiderin in the rat spleen. after intravenous injection of 250 micrograms lps (salmonella minnesota r595), spleen weight and serum igm levels increased, cells incorporating 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdu), and transferrin receptor positive cells increased in the peripheral portion of the periarterial lymphoid she ... | 1992 | 1448384 |
| analysis of the binding of polymyxin b to endotoxic lipid a and core glycolipid using a fluorescent displacement probe. | dansylcadaverine, a cationic fluorescent probe binds to bacterial lipopolysaccharide and lipid a, and is displaced competitively by other compounds which possess affinity toward endotoxins. the binding parameters of dansylcadaverine for lipid a were determined by scatchard analysis to be two apparently equivalent sites with apparent dissociation constants (kd) ranging between 16 microm to 26 microm, while that obtained for core glycolipid from salmonella minnesota re595 yielded a kd of 22 microm ... | 1992 | 1450208 |
| protective and pathological roles of nitric oxide in endotoxin shock. | the aim was to investigate the effects of ng-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-nmma), an inhibitor of both the constitutive (ca2+ dependent) and inducible (ca2+ independent) nitric oxide (no) synthases, or of pretreatment with the glucocorticoid dexamethasone, an inhibitor of the induction of the ca2+ independent no synthase, on lipopolysaccharide induced shock in the anaesthetised rabbit. | 1992 | 1516112 |
| production of monoclonal antibodies specific for ganglioside gd3. | four kinds of anti-gd3 monoclonal antibodies, dsg-1, -2, -3, and -4, of the igm class were obtained by the immunization of balb/c mice with enzootic bovine leukosis tumor tissue-derived ganglioside gd3 inserted into liposomes with salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharides. the specificities of the monoclonal antibodies obtained were defined by complement-dependent liposome immune lysis assay and by enzyme immunostaining on thin-layer chromatography. the reactivities of the monoclonal antibod ... | 1991 | 1724444 |
| lymphoproliferative responses in diet-restricted and aging sprague-dawley rats. | immunological effects of aging and dietary restriction (i.e., chronic underfeeding without malnutrition) were investigated in male cfy sprague-dawley rats. from weaning, diet-restricted animals were given the amount of food that maintained their body weights at approximately 50% of age-matched ad libitum controls. cells from the spleen, peyer's patches, brachial/axillary lymph nodes, and mesenteric nodes of 12- and 20-month-old rats were tested in vitro against the t-cell mitogens phytohaemagglu ... | 1992 | 1521594 |
| teicoplanin reduces in-vitro reactivity and murine lethality of salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide. | three different tests were performed to investigate the effect of teicoplanin on lipopolysaccharide (lps). after incubation for 3 h with teicoplanin, lps from salmonella minnesota r595 showed reduced reactivity in the metachromatic dimethyl-methylene blue assay and the limulus amoebocyte lysate test. in addition, galactosamine-sensitized mice had an increased survival rate, from 29% to 72%, when teicoplanin was pre-incubated for 3 h with the lps to be injected intraperitoneally. the results sugg ... | 1992 | 1535068 |
| generation of murine monoclonal antibodies specific for n-glycolylneuraminic acid-containing gangliosides. | we generated two murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for mono- and disialylgangliosides having n-glycolylneuraminic acid (neugc) as their sialic acid moiety, respectively, by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. by use of a wide variety of glycolipids, including neugc-containing gangliosides, the precise structures recognized by these two antibodies were elucidated through enzyme-linked imm ... | 1992 | 1567198 |
| monophosphoryl lipid a attenuates the effects of endotoxic shock in pigs. | monophosphoryl lipid a (mpl) is a nontoxic lipid a derivative that maintains many of the beneficial immunomodulatory activities of the parent lipopolysaccharide molecule, including the induction of tolerance to endotoxin. the hemodynamic effects of salmonella minnesota mpl (300 mg/kg) and s. minnesota lipopolysaccharide (300 micrograms/kg) were compared in 20 minipigs. decreases in cardiac output and arterial pressure and increases in pulmonary artery pressure and lactic acidosis were significan ... | 1992 | 1583383 |
| binding profiles of anticardiolipin antibodies in sera from patients with sle and infectious diseases. | inhibition experiments were performed to study the specificity of igg-class antibody, binding to cardiolipin immobilized onto a polystyrene surface, in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) or infection. six different phospholipids (three anionic: cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid, and three neutral: phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and platelet activating factor), lipopolysaccharide from salmonella minnesota (relps), strain re595 and lipotei ... | 1991 | 1797029 |
| antibody responses to ganglio-series gangliosides in different strains of inbred mice. | we studied antibody responses after immunization with ganglio-series gangliosides against 10 strains of inbred mice, including balb/c, c57bl/6, a/j, c3h/hen, c3h/hej, cba/n, akr/n, nzb/n, dba/2 and nu/nu balb/c. twelve gangliosides having neuac as their sialic acid moiety (gm4, gm3, gm2, gm1, gd3, o-ac-gd3, gd2, gd1a, gd1b, gt1a, gt1b and gq1b), four gangliosides having neugc (gm3, gm2, gm1 and gd3) and four asialo-gangliosides (ga4, ga3, ga2 and ga1) were injected intravenously adsorbed to salm ... | 1992 | 1584231 |
| induction of antitumor activities in spleen cells from mice and rats activated with lipopolysaccharide immobilized on beads. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) were coupled to polystyrene beads in order to apply the lps without toxicity. the antitumor activity of the lps-immobilizing beads was studied in experiments in vitro and in vivo. in vitro studies showed that spleen cells from c3h/hen mice stimulated by beads immobilizing lps from escherichia coli produced cytolytic activity as strong as that of lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells. spleen cells from sprague-dawley rats stimulated by beads immobilizing lps from salmo ... | 1992 | 1611621 |
| binding of a bacterial acylpoly(1,3)galactoside to human blood leucocytes. | the binding of a 34-kda (mol. wt.) acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (apg) extracted from a membrane proteoglycan of klebsiella pneumoniae to human blood leucocytes was investigated. apg is made of a long poly(1,3)galactose chain, a core-like region and a lipid moiety which comprises two glucosamine residues bound to a phosphate group and two beta oh myristic acids. fluoresceinated apg was shown to bind preferentially to monocytes and to a lesser extent to polymorphonuclear neutrophils, as determined by ... | 1992 | 1615280 |
| high-performance liquid chromatographic method to resolve and determine lipopolysaccharide sub-groups of escherichia coli endotoxin in isolated perfused rat liver perfusate. | a high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for resolving heterogeneous preparations of fluorescently labelled endotoxin derived from escherichia coli (serotype 0111:b4) into separate lipopolysaccharide sub-groups. the endotoxin was chromatographed on an analytical gel permeation column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile (20%, v/v) and 100 mm phosphate buffer (ph 7.75). four fluorescent peaks were resolved, representing sub-groups of markedly different molecular sizes. three ... | 1992 | 1618951 |
| effect of glycerol monolaurate on bacterial growth and toxin production. | glycerol monolaurate (gml) is a naturally occurring surfactant that has potential use as an additive to tampons and wound dressings to reduce the incidence of certain bacterial toxin-mediated illnesses. in vitro studies were undertaken to evaluate the effect of gml on the growth of and toxin production by potentially pathogenic bacteria. gml inhibited the growth of clinical isolates of group a, b, f, and g streptococci at concentrations of 10 to 20 micrograms/ml. exotoxin production, including t ... | 1992 | 1622174 |
| generation of one set of monoclonal antibodies specific for a-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides. | we established five murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for a-pathway ganglio-series gangliosides by immunizing c3h/hen mice with these purified gangliosides adsorbed to salmonella minnesota, followed by fusion with mouse myeloma cells. the binding specificities of these mabs were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunostaining on thin-layer chromatogram. these five mabs, designated gmr6, gmb28, gmb16, gmr17, and gmr11 reacted strongly with the gangliosides gm3, gm2, ... | 1992 | 1627599 |
| disialoganglioside gd2 in human neuroectodermal tumor cell lines and gliomas. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) recognizing the disialoganglioside ii3(neuac)2ggose3cer (gd2) were produced by immunizing mice with the gd2-expressing neuroblastoma cell line lan-1 and a prefusion boost with purified gd2 coupled to salmonella minnesota. two igm mabs were isolated which demonstrated high levels of reactivity (binding ratios in excess of 100) with gd2 by solid-phase radioimmunoassay and positivity in high-performance thin-layer chromatography (hptlc) immunostain; only one (dmab-20) w ... | 1991 | 1659106 |
| specificity and function of monoclonal antibodies reactive with discrete structural elements of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. | we examined the binding and functional activities of monoclonal antibodies (mabs) reactive with different structural elements of escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota lps. o-side chain-reactive mabs were highly specific for homologous, smooth lps, bound avidly to intact bacteria, mediated complement-dependent bactericidal and/or opsonic activity, and protected against live, homologous ip challenges in mice. core- and lipid a-specific mabs, on the other hand, were more cross-reactive, althoug ... | 1990 | 1691578 |
| cloning and expression in escherichia coli of a haemophilus influenzae type b lipooligosaccharide synthesis gene(s) that encodes a 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid epitope. | the composition of lipooligosaccharide (los) can modify the virulence of haemophilus influenzae type b (hib). a genomic library of hib strain a2 was constructed in the lambda bacteriophage embl3. twenty-six phage clones expressed a hib los oligosaccharide epitope in escherichia coli that was detected by the monoclonal antibody (mab) 6e4. none of the clones bound a polyclonal sera specific for hib a2 los or an anti-h. influenzae lipid a mab. one clone, designated emblos-1, assembled an oligosacch ... | 1990 | 1692806 |
| lipopolysaccharide induces egr-1 mrna and protein in murine peritoneal macrophages. | bacterial lps has diverse effects on the function of immune cells, in general, and macrophages, in particular. the intracellular molecular events that mediate the effects of lps are unclear. we undertook a series of studies in thioglycollate-elicited murine peritoneal macrophages to evaluate the effect of lps on expression of egr-1, a member of the immediate early response gene family. egr-1 may function as an intranuclear "third messenger" because it is rapidly induced in a variety of cell type ... | 1992 | 1401930 |