| polyphasic classification of the genus photorhabdus and proposal of new taxa: p. luminescens subsp. luminescens subsp. nov., p. luminescens subsp. akhurstii subsp. nov., p. luminescens subsp. laumondii subsp. nov., p. temperata sp. nov., p. temperata subsp. temperata subsp. nov. and p. asymbiotica sp. nov. | the taxonomic position of photorhabdus strains was examined through the results of dna relatedness (s1 nuclease method) studies associated with the determination of delta tm, 16s rrna phylogenetic inferences and phenotypic characterization, including morphological, auxanographic, biochemical and physiological properties. three genomic species were delineated on a consensus assessment. one of these species corresponded to photorhabdus luminescens, since strains were at least 50% related to the ty ... | 1999 | 10555346 |
| incidence of endemic entomopathogenic nematodes following application of steinernema riobrave for control of diaprepes abbreviatus. | control of diaprepes abbreviatus by endemic and exotic entomopathogenic nematodes (epn) was monitored during 2000-2001 in two citrus orchards in central florida (bartow and poinciana). caged sentinel insect larvae were buried beneath citrus trees for 7 days at 1 to 2-month intervals from april to october each year. at bartow, the survey occurred in experimental plots that were (i) not treated with commercial epn, (ii) treated twice annually since 1998 with commercially formulated steinernema rio ... | 2003 | 19265992 |
| entomopathogenic nematodes for control of insect pests above and below ground with comments on commercial production. | entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) have been utilized in classical, conservation, and augmentative biological control programs. the vast majority of applied research has focused on their potential as inundatively applied augmentative biological control agents. extensive research over the past three decades has demonstrated both their successes and failures for control of insect pests of crops, ornamental plants, trees and lawn and turf. in this paper we present highlights of their development for ... | 2012 | 23482993 |
| isolation and identification of entomopathogenic nematodes from citrus orchards in south africa and their biocontrol potential against false codling moth. | a survey was conducted to determine the diversity and frequency of endemic entomopathogenic nematodes (epn) in citrus orchards in the western cape, eastern cape and mpumalanga provinces of south africa. the main aim of the survey was to obtain nematodes as biological control agents against false codling moth (fcm), thaumatotibia leucotreta, a key pest of citrus in south africa. from a total of 202 samples, 35 (17%) tested positive for the presence of epn. of these, four isolates (11%) were found ... | 2011 | 21839086 |
| susceptibility of the mediterranean fruit fly (ceratitis capitata) and the natal fruit fly (ceratitis rosa) to entomopathogenic nematodes. | the potential of entomopathogenic nematodes, heterorhabditis bacteriophora, heterorhabditis zealandica and steinernema khoisanae, to infect pupariating larvae, pupae and adults of ceratitis capitata and ceratitis rosa was investigated in laboratory bioassays. pupariating larvae and adult flies were susceptible to nematode infection, with no infection recorded for the pupae. pupariating larvae of c. capitata were generally more susceptible to infection than those of c. rosa. significantly more la ... | 2009 | 18845153 |
| attraction of four entomopathogenic nematodes to four white grub species. | to better understand the differences in the efficacy of entomopathogenic nematode species against white grub species, we are studying the various steps of the infection process of entomopathogenic nematodes into different white grub species using nematode species/strains with particular promise as white grub control agents. in this study we compared the attraction of the entomopathogenic nematodes steinernema scarabaei (amk001 strain), steinernema glaseri (nc1 strain), heterorhabditis zealandica ... | 2008 | 18597774 |
| effect of soil type on infectivity and persistence of the entomopathogenic nematodes steinernema scarabaei, steinernema glaseri, heterorhabditis zealandica, and heterorhabditis bacteriophora. | we tested the effect of soil type on the performance of the entomopathogenic pathogenic nematodes steinernema scarabaei, steinernema glaseri, heterorhabditis zealandica, and heterorhabditis bacteriophora. soil types used were loamy sand, sandy loam, loam, silt loam, clay loam, acidic sand, and a highly organic potting mix. infectivity was tested by exposing third-instar anomala orientalis or popillia japonica to nematodes in laboratory and greenhouse experiments and determining nematode establis ... | 2006 | 16563427 |
| wide interguild relationships among entomopathogenic and free-living nematodes in soil as measured by real time qpcr. | entomopathogenic nematodes (epns) are promising biological control agents of soil-dwelling insect pests of many crops. these nematodes are ubiquitous in both natural and agricultural areas. their efficacy against arthropods is affected directly and indirectly by food webs and edaphic conditions. it has long been suggested that a greater understanding of epn ecology is needed to achieve consistent biological control by these nematodes and the development of molecular tools is helping to overcome ... | 2012 | 22841945 |
| substrate modulation, group effects and the behavioral responses of entomopathogenic nematodes to nematophagous fungi. | laboratory experiments were conducted on the behavioral responses of five species of entomopathogenic nematodes (epns; steinernema diaprepesi, steinernema sp. glaseri-group, steinernema riobrave, heterorhabditis zealandica, heterorhabditis indica) to three species of nematophagous fungi (nf; trapping fungus arthrobotrys gephyropaga; endoparasites myzocytium sp., catenaria sp.). we hypothesized that epn responses to nf and their putative semiochemicals might reflect the relative susceptibility of ... | 2011 | 21145324 |
| photorhabdus heterorhabditis sp. nov., a symbiont of the entomopathogenic nematode heterorhabditis zealandica. | the bacterial symbionts sf41t and sf783 were isolated from populations of the insect pathogenic nematode heterorhabditis zealandica collected in south africa. both strains were closely related to strain q614 isolated from a population of heterorhabditis sp. collected from soil in australia in the 1980s. sequence analysis based on a multigene approach, dna-dna hybridization data and phenotypic traits showed that strains sf41t, sf783 and q614 belong to the same species of the genus photorhabdus wi ... | 2014 | 24478206 |
| heterorhabditid behavior in the presence of the cabbage maggot, delia radicum, and its host plants. | the behavior of heterorhabditis zealandica poinar strain t327 was investigated in the presence of the cabbage maggot, delia radicum l., and plants that are susceptible to d. radicum infestation. newly formed puparia and freeze-killed third instar larvae were attractive to infective nematodes. newly harvested infective nematodes did not respond to the puparia, whereas 1-month-old and 2-month-old nematodes reached the insect targets within 15 minutes. there were no significant differences in the a ... | 1992 | 19283195 |
| competition between entomopathogenic and free-living bactivorous nematodes in larvae of the weevil diaprepes abbreviatus. | field and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the degree to which free-living, bactivorous nematodes (flbn) are able to competitively displace entomopathogenic nematodes (epn) from insect cadavers. two hundred larvae of the insect diaprepes abbreviatus were buried at regular intervals during 2 years in experimental plots that were untreated or treated twice annually with steinernema riobrave. larvae were recovered after 7 days, and nematodes emerging from cadavers during the next ... | 2003 | 19265993 |
| content of saccharides and activity of alpha-glycosidases in galleria mellonella larvae infected with entomopathogenic nematodes heterorhabditis zealandica. | concentration of glycogen, maltose, and trehalose as well as the activity of hydrolases catabolising them: alpha-amylases, glucoamylase, maltase, and trehalase were studied during a 48 h infection of galleria mellonella (lepidoptera) instar larvae infected with infective heterorhabditis zealandica (20 nematodes/insect). the content of trehalose in the infected insects during the first day of infection was higher (p < 0.05) than in the controls. the concentration of maltose and glycogen were simi ... | 2004 | 16865959 |