| glucose does not activate the plasma-membrane-bound h+-atpase but affects pmaa transcript abundance in aspergillus nidulans. | the addition of glucose to starved cells of aspergillus nidulans increased the abundance of the pmaa transcript only transiently (15 min) and to a very low degree (1.3-fold), but strongly decreased its abundance during further incubation. this down-regulation was crea (carbon catabolite repressor protein)-dependent. glucose failed to stimulate the plasma membrane (pm)-atpase activity of a. nidulans, whereas under the same experimental conditions the activity of the enzyme from saccharomyces cere ... | 2000 | 11131024 |
| biodegradation of pyrene by sediment fungi. | micromycetes were isolated from pahs-contaminated sediment and identified. they were investigated for pyrene degradation (10 mg l-1) in liquid synthetic medium for two days. among the 41 strains isolated, 10 highly degraded pyrene (> 2.4 mg g-1 dry weight): two zygomycetes (mucor racemosus, m. racemosus var. sphaerosporus), 6 deuteromycetes (gliocladium virens, penicillium simplicissimum, p. janthinellum, phialophora alba, p. hoffmannii, trichoderma harzianum), a dematiaceae (scopulariopsis brum ... | 2000 | 10665394 |
| characteristics and use of okara, the soybean residue from soy milk production--a review. | large quantities of okara produced annually pose a significant disposal problem. it contains mostly crude fiber composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, about 25% protein, 10-15% oil, but little starch or simple carbohydrates. it is a suitable dietary additive in biscuits and snacks because it reduces calorie intake and increases dietary fiber. the high-quality protein fraction has good water holding and emulsifying qualities and contains a peptide with anti-hypertension effects. the pe ... | 1999 | 10563901 |
| structure of the xylanase from penicillium simplicissimum. | despite its relatively low ph and temperature optimum, the xylanase from penicillium simplicissimum performs exceedingly well under conditions of paper bleaching. we have purified and characterized this enzyme, which belongs to family 10 of glycosyl hydrolases. its gene was cloned, and the sequence of the protein was deduced from the nucleotide sequence. the xylanase was crystallized from ammonium sulfate at ph 8.4, and x-ray data were collected at cryo-temperature to a crystallographic resoluti ... | 1998 | 9792094 |
| molecular cloning, sequencing, and heterologous expression of the vaoa gene from penicillium simplicissimum cbs 170.90 encoding vanillyl-alcohol oxidase. | the cdna encoding vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (ec 1.1.3.7) was selected from a cdna library constructed from mrna isolated from penicillium simplicissimum cbs 170.90 grown on veratryl alcohol by immunochemical screening. the vaoa-cdna nucleotide sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1680 base pairs encoding a 560-amino acid protein with a deduced mass of 62,915 da excluding the covalently bound fad. the deduced primary structure shares 31% sequence identity with the 8alpha-(o-tyrosyl)-fad cont ... | 1998 | 9525880 |
| substrate specificities of penicillium simplicissimum alpha-galactosidases. | the substrate specificities of three penicillium simplicissimum alpha-galactosidases, agli, aglii, and agliii, were determined by using various isolated galactose-containing oligosaccharides and polymeric galacto(gluco)mannans. agli released galactose from melibiose and raffinose-family oligosaccharides but the amount of galactose released was decreased from 96% to 35% by the increasing chain length of the substrate from raffinose to verbascose. it was able to release galactose linked to the non ... | 1998 | 9463945 |
| influence of medium components and metabolic inhibitors on citric acid production by penicillium simplicissimum. | penicillium simplicissimum excreted more than 100 mmol citric acid l-1 [2.9 mmol (g dry wt)-1; 9 d] if an industrial filter dust (> 50% zno) providing a high extracellular buffering capacity was present in the medium. a similar specific [2 mmol (g dry wt)-1], but lower absolute (26 mmol l-1), citric acid excretion occurred in the absence of an extracellular buffer and if amino acids or urea were used as nitrogen source. p. simplicissimum excreted no citric acid under conditions where aspergillus ... | 1993 | 8245837 |
| production of cyanein by penicillium simplicissimum. | | 1966 | 6012892 |
| changes in the specificity of blood groups induced by enzymes from soil fungi. | three strains of cunninghamella elegance (c. elegance), penicillium simplicissimum (p. simpl.), and aspergillus niger (a. niger) were isolated from soil that produced the enzymes acting on blood groups a and b red cells. culture filtrates from these fungi contained alpha-n-acetyl-d-galactosaminidase as an a-decomposing enzyme, which resulted in an almost complete loss of a specificity and an enhancement of blood group h activity as measured by elution tests using monoclonal antibodies. they also ... | 1989 | 2918293 |
| secondary metabolites by chemical screening. 8. decarestrictines, a new family of inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis from penicillium. i. strain description, fermentation, isolation and properties. | a family of new 10-membered lactones was detected by chemical screening. taxonomic studies and fermentation conditions of the producing organisms, which belong to the species penicillium simplicissimum and penicillium corylophilum, are presented. the isolation as well as physico-chemical data of the new compounds named decarestrictines a to d are reported. in vitro testing using the hep-g2 cell assay showed the decarestrictines to be inhibitors of cholesterol biosynthesis, which could be confirm ... | 1992 | 1548190 |
| kinetic studies for the biosorption of lead and copper ions by penicillium simplicissimum immobilized within loofa sponge. | biosorption potential of penicillium simplicissimum (penicillium sp.) immobilized within loofa sponge (psils) for lead and copper from aqueous media was explored. the effects of ph, contact time and initial concentration were studied in batch experiments. the maximum uptake of metal ions was obtained at ph 5.0. biosorption equilibrium was established by 60 min. the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were applied to study the kinetics of the biosorp ... | 2008 | 18403109 |
| the plant growth-promoting fungus penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2 induces resistance in arabidopsis thaliana by activation of multiple defense signals. | arabidopsis thaliana grown in soil amended with barley grain inocula of penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2 or receiving root treatment with its culture filtrate (cf) exhibited clear resistance to pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 (pst). to assess the contribution of different defense pathways, arabidopsis genotypes implicated in salicylic acid (sa) signaling expressing the nahg transgene or carrying disruption in npr1 (npr1), jasmonic acid (ja) signaling (jar1) and ethylene (et) signaling (e ... | 2007 | 17956859 |
| discovery of a eugenol oxidase from rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. | a gene encoding a eugenol oxidase was identified in the genome from rhodococcus sp. strain rha1. the bacterial fad-containing oxidase shares 45% amino acid sequence identity with vanillyl alcohol oxidase from the fungus penicillium simplicissimum. eugenol oxidase could be expressed at high levels in escherichia coli, which allowed purification of 160 mg of eugenol oxidase from 1 l of culture. gel permeation experiments and macromolecular ms revealed that the enzyme forms homodimers. eugenol oxid ... | 2007 | 17419730 |
| harnessing eugenol as a substrate for production of aromatic compounds with recombinant strains of amycolatopsis sp. hr167. | to harness eugenol as cheap substrate for the biotechnological production of aromatic compounds, the vanillyl alcohol oxidase gene (vaoa) from penicillium simplicissimum cbs 170.90 was cloned in an expression vector suitable for gram-positive bacteria and expressed in the vanillin-tolerant gram-positive strain amycolatopsis sp. hr167. recombinant strains harboring hybrid plasmid prle6skvaom exhibited a specific vanillyl alcohol oxidase activity of 1.1u/g protein. moreover, this strain had gained ... | 2006 | 16677732 |
| thermodynamic boundary conditions suggest that a passive transport step suffices for citrate excretion in aspergillus and penicillium. | excretion of organic acids, e.g. citrate, by anamorphic fungi is a frequent phenomenon in natural habitats and in laboratory cultures. in biotechnological processes for citrate production with aspergillus niger extracellular citrate concentrations up to 1 mol l(-1) are achieved. intracellular citrate concentrations are in the millimolar range. therefore the question arises whether citrate excretion depends on active transport. in this article thermodynamic calculations are presented for citrate ... | 2006 | 16514167 |
| leaching with penicillium simplicissimum: influence of metals and buffers on proton extrusion and citric acid production. | in the presence of insoluble metal oxides (industrial filter dust, zinc oxide, synthetic mixture of metal oxides), penicillium simplicissimum developed the ability to excrete considerable amounts of citric acid (>100 mm). parallel with the increase of citric acid concentration in the culture broth, zinc was solubilized from zinc oxide. the adsorption of filter dust onto the mycelium (the pellets formed were less than 1 mm in diameter) was required for not only the citric acid excretion but also ... | 1991 | 16348442 |
| lipase production by solid-state fermentation: cultivation conditions and operation of tray and packed-bed bioreactors. | the production of lipase by penicillium simplicissimum in solid-state fermentation was studied using babassu cake as the basal medium. tray-type and packed-bed bioreactors were employed. in the former, the influence of temperature; content of the medium, and medium supplementation with olive oil, sugarcane molasses, corn steep liquor, and yeast hydrolysate was studied. for all combinations of supplements, a temperature of 30 degrees c, a moisture content of 70%, and a concentration of carbon sou ... | 2005 | 15917592 |
| highly efficient biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid and further conversion to vanillin in recombinant strains of escherichia coli. | the vaoa gene from penicillium simplicissimum cbs 170.90, encoding vanillyl alcohol oxidase, which also catalyzes the conversion of eugenol to coniferyl alcohol, was expressed in escherichia coli xl1-blue under the control of the lac promoter, together with the genes cala and calb, encoding coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase of pseudomonas sp. strain hr199, respectively. resting cells of the corresponding recombinant strain e. coli xl1-blue(pskvaompcalamcalb) co ... | 2003 | 14602615 |
| aspergillus nidulans catalase-peroxidase gene (cpea) is transcriptionally induced during sexual development through the transcription factor stua. | catalases, peroxidases, and catalase-peroxidases are important enzymes to cope with reactive oxygen species in pro- and eukaryotic cells. in the filamentous fungus aspergillus nidulans three monofunctional catalases have been described, and a fourth catalase activity was observed in native polyacrylamide gels. the latter activity is probably due to the bifunctional enzyme catalase-peroxidase, which we characterized here. the gene, named cpea, encodes an 81-kda polypeptide with a conserved motif ... | 2002 | 12455692 |
| characterization of an inducible citrate uptake system in penicillium simplicissimum. | when citrate was used as a sole source of carbon, citrate uptake by penicillium simplicissimum increased 267-fold (if glucose-grown mycelium was adapted to citrate) or 1400-fold (if the fungus was grown on citrate) compared to glucose-grown mycelium. inhibition of macromolecular synthesis prevented this stimulation of citrate uptake. citrate uptake by glucose-grown mycelium was low (0.0015 nmol min(-1) (mg dw)(-1)) and most probably due to diffusion of undissociated citric acid. citrate-adapted ... | 2002 | 12127483 |
| degradation of pyrene by indigenous fungi from a former gasworks site. | indigenous fungi isolated from soil of a former gasworks site were investigated in submerged cultures with pyrene as the sole carbon source. five fungal strains capable of degrading pyrene included one strain of trichoderma harzianum and four strains with characteristics of the genus penicillium. these are identified as penicillium simplicissimum, penicillium janthinellum, penicillium funiculosum and penicillium terrestre. a maximum of 75% of 50 mg l(-1) and 67% of 100 mg l(-1) of pyrene was rem ... | 2002 | 12044679 |
| esterification reactions catalyzed by lipases in microemulsions: the role of enzyme localization in relation to its selectivity. | the activity of lipases from rhizopus delemar, rhizopus arrhizus, and penicillium simplicissimum entrapped in microemulsions formulated by bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfo-succinate sodium salt (aot) in isooctane has been studied in esterification reactions of various aliphatic alcohols with fatty acids. the effect of the nature of the fatty acids (chain length) and of the alcohols (primary, secondary, or tertiary; chain length; cyclic structures) on the lipase activities was investigated in relation to ... | 1993 | 18609653 |
| biotransformation of n-acetylphenothiazine by fungi. | cultures of the fungi aspergillus niger, cunninghamella verticillata, and penicillium simplicissimum, grown in a sucrose/peptone medium, transformed n-acetylphenothiazine to n-acetylphenothiazine sulfoxide (from 13% to 28% of the total) and phenothiazine sulfoxide (from 5% to 27%). phenothiazin-3-one (4%) and phenothiazine n-glucoside (4%) were also produced by c. verticillata. the probable intermediate, phenothiazine, was detected only in cultures of p. simplicissimum (6%). | 1999 | 10570803 |
| kinetic study of lipase catalyzed esterification reactions in water-in-oil microemulsions. | the kinetics of the esterification of lauric acid by (-)menthol, catalyzed by penicillium simplicissimum lipase, was studied in water/bis-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate sodium salt (aot)/isooctane microemulsions. due to their low water content, microemulsions assist in reversing the direction of lipase activity, favoring synthetic reactions. the kinetics of this synthesis follows a ping-pong bi--bi mechanism. the values of all apparent kinetic parameters were determined. the theoretical model for ... | 1993 | 18613141 |
| enantioselective hydroxylation of 4-alkylphenols by vanillyl alcohol oxidase | vanillyl alcohol oxidase (vao) from penicillium simplicissimum catalyzes the enantioselective hydroxylation of 4-ethylphenol, 4-propylphenol, and 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol into 1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol, 1-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propanol, and 1-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)propanol, respectively, with an ee of 94% for the r enantiomer. the stereochemical outcome of the reactions was established by comparing the chiral gc retention times of the products to those of chiral alcohols obtained by the act ... | 1998 | 10099328 |
| characteristics of glucose uptake by glucose- and nh4-limited grown penicillium ochrochloron at low, medium and high glucose concentration. | glucose uptake by penicillium ochrochloron (formerly penicillium simplicissimum) was studied from 0.01 to 400 mm glucose using chemostat culture and bioreactor batch culture. the characteristics of glucose uptake varied considerably with the conditions of growth, harvest and uptake assay. glucose-limited grown mycelium showed one saturable transport system [k(s) below 0.01 mm; v(max) 1.1-1.2 mmol (g dry weight)(-1)h(-1)] plus a first order process (permeability p=1.2x10(-7)cm s(-1)). ammonium-li ... | 2008 | 18722543 |
| respiratory disorders in two workers of customs depositories occupationally exposed to mouldy tobacco. | work-related respiratory symptoms, including dyspnoea, cough, fever, tiredness and malaise, were recorded in two customs officers employed in 2 depositories of confiscated cigarettes, of which one showed signs of dampness. microbiological sampling of the air and the cigarettes stored in a damp depository revealed the presence of potentially pathogenic fungi and bacteria and the biochemical markers of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and fungal biomass. the penicillium species (p. simplicissimum, p. ... | 2008 | 19061269 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a novel xylanase gene, auxyn10a, from aspergillus usamii. | a full-length cdna sequence, encoding a novel endo-1,4-β-d: -xylanase (auxyn10a) of aspergillus usamii, was obtained by using rapid amplification of cdna ends (race) methods and cloned into the pucm-t vector, followed by dna sequencing. the cdna gene, designated as auxyn10a, is 1,235 bp in length harboring 5'- and 3'-non-encoding regions, as well as an orf of 984 bp that encodes a 19-aa signal peptide, a 6-aa propeptide and a 302-aa mature peptide with a calculated mw of 32,756 da. the auxyn10a ... | 2011 | 21234787 |
| buffer-stimulated citrate efflux in penicillium simplicissimum: an alternative charge balancing ion flow in case of reduced proton backflow? | organic acids excreted by filamentous fungi may be used to win metals from industrial secondary raw materials. for a future commercial use a high production rate of organic acids is necessary. the conditions under which the commercially used fungus aspergillus niger excretes high amounts of citric acid can not be maintained in metal leaching processes. however, penicillium simplicissimum showed an enhanced citric acid efflux in the presence of an industrial filter dust containing 50% zinc oxide. ... | 1994 | 8304821 |
| plant growth-promoting fungus, trichoderma koningi suppresses isoflavonoid phytoalexin vestitol production for colonization on/in the roots of lotus japonicus. | the relationship between the colonization of lotus japonicus by plant growth-promoting fungi (pgpf) and biosynthesis of the isoflavonoid phytoalexin vestitol, a major defensive response of leguminous plants, was analyzed. when pgpf including trichoderma koningi, fusarium equiseti, and penicillium simplicissimum were inoculated onto l. japonicus roots, only t. koningi colonized the roots long-term and increased plant dry weight (126%). microscopic observations of transverse sections of roots colo ... | 2011 | 21502738 |
| a comparative study of sheep and pigs given the tremorgenic mycotoxins verruculogen and penitrem a. | the moulds penicillium simplicissimum and p crustosum and the tremorgenic mycotoxins, verruculogen and penitrem a, isolated from them, were given to sheep and pigs to compare their potencies. pigs were generally less susceptible and in both species penitrem a was less potent than verruculogen. five-month-old lambs seemed more susceptible to mycelium containing verruculogen than were 15-month-old sheep given a similar oral dose relative to bodyweight. repeated daily dosing of lambs and sheep for ... | 1982 | 7146626 |
| biosolubilization of rock phosphate by three stress-tolerant fungal strains. | three stress-tolerant phosphate-solubilizing fungal strains identified as aspergillus niger, aspergillus japonicus, and penicillium simplicissimum were isolated from wheat rhizospheric soil. the strains demonstrated different capabilities of phosphate solubilization in national botanical research institute's phosphate medium containing rock phosphate (rp) as sole phosphorus (p) source, and the solubilization of rp by p. simplicissimum was the most effective among these strains, followed by a. ni ... | 2011 | 21625871 |
| novel sources of β-glucanase for the enzymatic degradation of schizophyllan. | schizophyllan is a homoglucan produced by the fungus schizophyllum commune, with a β-1,3-linked backbone and β-1,6-linked side chains of single glucose units at every other residue. schizophyllan is commercially produced for pharmaceutical and cosmetics uses. however, surprisingly little information is available on the biodegradation of schizophyllan. enzymes that attack schizophyllan could be useful for controlled modifications of the polymer for novel applications. enrichment cultures were use ... | 2012 | 23410934 |
| genetic variation for induced and basal resistance against leaf pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 among arabidopsis thaliana accessions. | in arabidopsis thaliana, significant efforts to determine the effect of naturally occurring variation between phenotypically divergent accessions on different biotic or abiotic stresses are underway. although it is usually assumed that induced systemic resistance (isr) against pathogen will covary with plant genetic variation, this assumption has not been tested rigorously in previous experiments. here, we investigated heritable variation in resistance as well as penicillium simplicissimum gp17- ... | 2015 | 26140260 |
| possible involvement of myb44-mediated stomatal regulation in systemic resistance induced by penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2 in arabidopsis. | the plant growth-promoting fungus (pgpf), penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2 (gp17-2), induces systemic resistance against pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato dc3000 (pst) in arabidopsis thaliana. the molecular mechanisms underlying induced systemic resistance (isr) by gp17-2 were investigated in the present study. microscopic observations revealed that stomatal reopening by pst was restricted by elicitation with the culture filtrate (cf) from gp17-2. a gene expression analysis of myb44, which enhanc ... | 2016 | 27301421 |
| fungal biodegradation of anthracene-polluted cork: a comparative study. | the efficiency of cork waste in adsorbing aqueous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) has been previously reported. biodegradation of contaminated cork using filamentous fungi could be a good alternative for detoxifying cork to facilitate its final processing. for this purpose, the degradation efficiency of anthracene by three ligninolytic white-rot fungi (phanerochaete chrysosporium, irpex lacteus and pleurotus ostreatus) and three non-ligninolytic fungi which are found in the cork itself ( ... | 2016 | 26540209 |
| purification and properties of lipase from penicillium simplicissimum. | a penicillium simplicissimum strain has been found to produce an inducible extracellular lipase. triolein was the best inducer for the enzyme production with the highest activity being achieved after 48 h of incubation. the purified lipase showed a molecular weight of 56,000 by sds-page. the enzyme exhibited a high ratio of apolar amino acids. the lipase was stable in the ph range of 5-7 and at 50 degrees c for 15 min. the optimum assay conditions were 37 degrees c and ph 5.0. the enzyme showed ... | 2005 | 1576166 |
| transformation of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds by microorganisms. | the saturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds include many drugs and compounds that may be used as synthons for the synthesis of other pharmacologically active substances. the need for new derivatives of saturated nitrogen-containing heterocycles for organic synthesis, biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry, including optically active derivatives, has increased interest in microbial synthesis. this review provides an overview of microbial technologies that can be valuable to pr ... | 2014 | 24352731 |
| diversity of endophytic fungi from different verticillium-wilt-resistant gossypium hirsutum and evaluation of antifungal activity against verticillium dahliae in vitro. | cotton plants were sampled and ranked according to their resistance to verticillium wilt. in total, 642 endophytic fungi isolates representing 27 genera were recovered from gossypium hirsutum root, stem, and leaf tissues, but were not uniformly distributed. more endophytic fungi appeared in the leaf (391) compared with the root (140) and stem (111) sections. however, no significant difference in the abundance of isolated endophytes was found among resistant cotton varieties. alternaria exhibited ... | 2014 | 24836187 |
| the combined use of a biosurfactant and an enzyme preparation to treat an effluent with a high fat content. | the combined use of a rhamnolipid biosurfactant produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa and an enzyme pool produced by solid-state fermentation with penicillium simplicissimum using babassu cake as culture medium in the anaerobic treatment of an effluent with a high fat content from a poultry processing plant was evaluated. central composite rotatable design was used to evaluate the enzyme pool and biosurfactant concentrations and the treatment temperature of the effluent containing about 2400 mg oil ... | 2012 | 22465048 |
| secreted xylanase xyna mediates utilization of xylan as sole carbon source in candida utilis. | the fodder yeast candida utilis is able to use xylose mono- and oligomers as sources of carbon but not the abundant polymer xylan. c. utilis transformants producing the penicillium simplicissimum xylanase xyna were constructed using expression vectors encoding fusions of the saccharomyces cerevisiae mfα1 pre-pro secretion leader to xyna. the mfα1-xyna fusion was efficiently processed in transformants and xyna was secreted almost quantitatively into the culture medium. secreted xyna was enzymatic ... | 2015 | 26051669 |
| potential of rhodococcus strains for biotechnological vanillin production from ferulic acid and eugenol. | the potential of two rhodococcus strains for biotechnological vanillin production from ferulic acid and eugenol was investigated. genome sequence data of rhodococcus sp. i24 suggested a coenzyme a-dependent, non-beta-oxidative pathway for ferulic acid bioconversion, which involves feruloyl-coa synthetase (fcs), enoyl-coa hydratase/aldolase (ech), and vanillin dehydrogenase (vdh). this pathway was proven for rhodococcus opacus pd630 by physiological characterization of knockout mutants. however, ... | 2006 | 16421716 |
| tolerance to heavy metals in filamentous fungi isolated from contaminated mining soils in the zanjan province, iran. | in the present study the population of fungi inhabiting metal contaminated soil samples from lead-zinc mining area was investigated, and their tolerance and biosorption capacity towards cd, pb, zn and cu were evaluated. fungal species, including acremonium persicinum, penicillium simplicissimum, seimatosporium pistaciae, trichoderma harzianum, alternaria chlamydosporigena and fusarium verticillioides were isolated. fungal tolerance was determined by measuring of the "minimum inhibitory concentra ... | 2017 | 28700958 |
| two tyrosine residues, tyr-108 and tyr-503, are responsible for the deprotonation of phenolic substrates in vanillyl-alcohol oxidase. | a number of oxidoreductases from the vao/para-cresol methylhydroxylase flavoprotein family catalyze the oxidation of para-substituted phenols. one of the best-studied is vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (vao) from the fungus penicillium simplicissimum for oxidation of phenols by vao to occur, they must first be bound in the active site of the enzyme in their phenolate anion form. the crystal structure of vao reveals that two tyrosine residues, tyr-108 and tyr-503, are positioned to facilitate this depro ... | 2017 | 28717004 |
| a novel study based on adaptive metal tolerance behavior in fungi and sem-edx analysis. | four fungal isolates: simplicillium chinense (iso 9, accession no. kx425621), penicillium simplicissimum (iso 10, kp713758), trichoderma asperellum (iso 11, kp792512), and coriolopsis sp. (1c3, km403574) were subjected to a series of induced-tolerance training under high metal concentrations to determine if greater tolerance could be achieved from constant exposure to such conditions. adaptive tolerance assay (tolerance index, ti) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispe ... | 2017 | 28407540 |
| study on biodegradation process of lignin by ftir and dsc. | the biodegradation process of lignin by penicillium simplicissimum was studied to reveal the lignin biodegradation mechanisms. the biodegradation products of lignin were detected using fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ftir), uv-vis spectrophotometer, different scanning calorimeter (dsc), and stereoscopic microscope. the analysis of ftir spectrum showed the cleavage of various ether linkages (1,365 and 1,110 cm(-1)), oxidation, and demethylation (2,847 cm(-1)) by comparing the different p ... | 2014 | 25037100 |
| three-steps in one-pot: whole-cell biocatalytic synthesis of enantiopure (+)- and (-)-pinoresinol via kinetic resolution. | pinoresinol is a high-value plant-derived lignan with multiple health supporting effects. enantiomerically pure pinoresinol can be isolated from natural sources, but with low efficiency. most chemical and biocatalytic approaches that have been described for the synthesis of pinoresinol furnish the racemic mixture. in this study we devised a three-step biocatalytic cascade for the production of enantiomerically pure pinoresinol from the cheap compound eugenol. two consecutive oxidations of eugeno ... | 2016 | 27160378 |
| biocatalytic properties and structural analysis of eugenol oxidase from rhodococcus jostii rha1: a versatile oxidative biocatalyst. | eugenol oxidase (eugo) from rhodococcus jostii rha1 had previously been shown to convert only a limited set of phenolic compounds. in this study, we have explored the biocatalytic potential of this flavoprotein oxidase, resulting in a broadened substrate scope and a deeper insight into its structural properties. in addition to the oxidation of vanillyl alcohol and the hydroxylation of eugenol, eugo can efficiently catalyze the dehydrogenation of various phenolic ketones and the selective oxidati ... | 2016 | 27123962 |
| fungal leaching of valuable metals from a power plant residual ash using penicillium simplicissimum: evaluation of thermal pretreatment and different bioleaching methods. | each year a tremendous volume of v-ni rich ashes is produced by fuel oil consuming power plants throughout the world. recovery of precious metals existing in these ashes is very important from both economic and environmental aspects. the present research was aimed at investigating bioleaching potential of penicillium simplicissimum for the recovery of metals from power plant residual ash (ppr ash) using different bioleaching methods such as one-step, two-step, and spent-medium bioleaching at 1% ... | 2016 | 27095291 |
| an electrochemical sensor for detection of laccase activities from penicillium simplicissimum in compost based on carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode. | an electrochemical sensor for detection of the activity of laccase from penicillium simplicissimum isolated from the composting has been developed. the sensor is based on glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-wall carbon nanotubes (cnts). the introduction of cnts into this system can greatly enhance the electrochemical signal in this assay more sensitively, selectively and rapidly than that in conventional spectrophotometric assays. it was found that the optimal ph value of the electrolyte ... | 2008 | 18511270 |
| the nonylphenol biodegradation study by estuary sediment-derived fungus penicillium simplicissimum. | nonylphenols (nps) are persistent organic pollutants (pops) with estrogenic properties that can perform endocrine-disrupting activities. by using high-concentration np as environmental selection pressure, one np biodegradation strain named npf-4 was isolated and purified from estuary sediment of the moshui river. it was identified as penicillium simplicissimum (ps1) by appearance and 18s rdna analysis. in different culture situations, the strain mass growth and biodegradation ability were evalua ... | 2016 | 27094271 |
| impact of extraction parameters on the recovery of lipolytic activity from fermented babassu cake. | enzyme extraction from solid matrix is as important step in solid-state fermentation to obtain soluble enzymes for further immobilization and application in biocatalysis. a method for the recovery of a pool of lipases from penicillium simplicissimum produced by solid-state fermentation was developed. for lipase recovery different extraction solution was used and phosphate buffer containing tween 80 and nacl showed the best results, yielding lipase activity of 85.7 u/g and 65.7 u/g, respectively. ... | 2014 | 25090644 |
| fermentation of ginseng extracts by penicillium simplicissimum gs33 and anti-ovarian cancer activity of fermented products. | a total of 58 isolates of β-glucosidase-producing microorganisms were isolated from soil around the wild ginseng roots under forest using esculin-r2a agar. among these isolates, strain gs33 showed a strong ability to convert ginsenosides rb1, rb2, rc, and rd into f2, rg3, c-k, and convert ginsenoside rg1 into rh1, and f1. fermented ginseng products can inhibit es-2 cells growth and the ic₅₀ value was 0.73 mg ml⁻¹. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences indicated that the strain g ... | 2014 | 24122127 |
| [biodegradation of lignocellulose by penicillium simplicissimum and characters of lignocellulolytic enzymes]. | penicillium simplicissimum(oudem.) thomrn bga can secrete lignocellulolytic enzymes, among these enzymes the highest activities of hemicellulase, cellulase, lignin peroxidase (lip), manganese peroxidase (mnp) and laccase are 146.82 iu.g-1, 2.78 u.g-1, 47.97 u.g-1, 34.56 u.g-1 and 17.94 u.g-1 respectively. according to the results and the statistical analysis of spss, the ability of secreting lignocellulolytic enzymes by penicillium simplicissimum significantly correlated with the structure of li ... | 2013 | 23668155 |
| production, purification and characterization of novel beta glucosidase from newly isolated penicillium simplicissimum h-11 in submerged fermentation. | β-glucosidase is an important component of the cellulase complex. it not only hydrolyzes cellobiose and short-chain cellooligosaccharides to glucose, but also removes the inhibitory effect of cellobiose on the β-1, 4-endoglucanase and exoglucanase, thereby increasing the overall rate of cellulose biodegradation. β-glucosidasefrom culture supernatant of a fungus penicillium simplicissimum was purified to homogeneity, by using ammonium sulfate fraction, sephadex g-100 chromatography, and its prope ... | 2013 | 26609283 |
| effect of temperature, moisture, and carbon supplementation on lipase production by solid-state fermentation of soy cake by penicillium simplicissimum. | the production of lipases by penicillium simplicissimum using solid-state fermentation and soy cake as substrate was investigated. the effects of temperature, cake moisture, and carbon supplementation on lipase production were studied using a two-level experimental plan. moisture, ph, and lipase activity were followed during fermentation. statistical analysis of the results was performed to evaluate the effect of the studied variables on the maximum lipase activity. incubation temperature was th ... | 2004 | 15054204 |
| succinate synthesis and excretion by penicillium simplicissimum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. | succinate is an interesting chemical for industries producing food and pharmaceutical products, surfactants, detergents and biodegradable plastics. succinate is produced mainly by a mixed-acid fermentation process using anaerobically growing bacteria. however, succinate excretion is also widespread among fungi. in this article we report results on the intracellular concentration and the excretion of succinate by penicillium simplicissimum under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. the intracellular ... | 2002 | 12044678 |
| [production of pectinases by penicillium simplicissimum a3263 in an amaranth-seed flour medium]. | the present work studies the production of pectinases using a strain of penicillium simplicissimum a3263 and considering the influence of adding amaranthus cruentus seed meal in a selected medium. we also considered the influence of aeration on enzyme production. research was oriented towards the production of pectin lyase, the enzyme having the highest commercial value. this work was carried out in erlenmeyer flasks in rotary shaker to select the medium and in a mechanically stirred fermentor t ... | 2013 | 11942079 |
| one step conversion of wheat straw to sugars by simultaneous ball milling, mild acid, and fungus penicillium simplicissimum treatment. | wheat straw is one of the major lignocellulosic plant residues in many countries including china. an attractive alternative is the utilization of wheat straw for bioethanol production. this article mainly studies a simple one-step wet milling with penicillium simplicissimum and weak acid to hydrolysis of wheat straw. the optimal condition for hydrolysis was ball milling 48 h in citrate solvent (ph = 4) with p. simplicissimum h5 at the speed of 500 rpm and the yield of sugar increased with increa ... | 2012 | 22467431 |
| citrate efflux in glucose-limited and glucose-sufficient chemostat culture of penicillium simplicissium. | citrate excretion by penicillium simplicissimum was investigated in a chemostat. carbon-limited grown p. simplicissimum did not excrete no citrate. citrate was excreted, however, when growth was nitrogen-limited. further effects of nitrogen-limitation were a slightly increased rate of glucose and oxygen consumption. this behaviour is typical for a so-called 'overflow metabolism', i.e. the uncoupling of anabolism from catabolism under conditions of carbon excess. still more citrate was excreted b ... | 2001 | 11392488 |
| influence of rhamnolipids and triton x-100 on adsorption of phenol by penicillium simplicissimum. | the effects of rhamnolipids and triton x-100 on phenol adsorption by penicillium simplicissimum were studied. the optimum ph was 7 for phenol adsorption by all the test biomasses. the adsorption of phenol at ph 7 by biomass pre-treated with 0.05% triton x-100, 0.2% triton x-100, 0.05% rhamnolipids and 0.005% rhamnolipids was 3.4, 2.7, 2.4, and 1.8-fold, respectively, that of untreated biomass. the pseudo-second-order model and the freundlich isotherms described the adsorption processes better th ... | 2012 | 22326331 |
| molecular model of human heparanase with proposed binding mode of a heparan sulfate oligosaccharide and catalytic amino acids. | heparan sulfate is abundantly present in the extracellular matrix. as other glycosaminoglycans, it is synthesized in the golgi apparatus and then exposed on the cell surface. the glucuronidase activity of human heparanase plays a major role in the structural remodeling of the extracellular matrix, which underlies cell migration, hence tumor invasion. heparanase is therefore a major target for anti-cancer treatment. several inhibitors of its enzymatic activity have been synthesized. however, thei ... | 2011 | 21780097 |
| okaramines n, o, p, q and r, new okaramine congeners, from penicillium simplicissimum atcc 90288. | five new okaramine congeners, okaramines n, o, p, q, and r, were isolated from penicillium simplicissimum atcc 90288. their structures were determined by an analysis of spectroscopic data. the insecticidal activity of these new okaramines was evaluated against silkworms. | 2000 | 10705454 |
| effect of saponins on cell surface properties of penicillium simplicissimum: performance on adsorption of cadmium(ii). | previous studies about the effect of biosurfactants on cell surface properties mainly focus on cell surface hydrophobicity. in the present study, the effects of plant-derived biosurfactants saponins on cell surface charge and the adsorption of cadmium(ii) by penicillium simplicissimum were studied. the pretreatment of saponins changed the optimal ph from 6 to 5 for cd(ii) adsorption. all the adsorption processes by the intact and saponins-pretreated biomasses followed the langmuir isotherms bett ... | 2011 | 21565472 |
| assessing a mixture of biosurfactant and enzyme pools in the anaerobic biological treatment of wastewater with a high-fat content. | the use of rhamnolipid-type biosurfactant produced by pseudomonas aeruginosa was evaluated for solubilization of fat present in effluent from a poultry processing plant, followed by anaerobic biological treatment. the rhamnolipid was used in combination with enzyme pools produced by solid medium fermentation of the fungi penicillium simplicissimum and penicillium brevicompactum. in experiments with raw effluent, the accumulation of fat caused the specific methane production (smp) to be much less ... | 2014 | 24956798 |
| tolerance and biosorption of copper (cu) and lead (pb) by filamentous fungi isolated from a freshwater ecosystem. | filamentous fungi are able to accumulate significant amount of metals from their environment. the potential of fungal biomass as agents for biosorption of heavy metals from contaminated sediments is currently receiving attention. in the present study, a total of 41 isolates of filamentous fungi obtained from the sediment of the langat river, selangor, malaysia were screened for their tolerance and uptake capability of copper (cu) and lead (pb). the isolates were identified as aspergillus niger, ... | 2011 | 21790056 |
| subcellular localization of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase in penicillium simplicissimum. | growth of penicillium simplicissimum on anisyl alcohol, veratryl alcohol or 4-(methoxymethyl)phenol, is associated with the synthesis of relatively large amounts of the hydrogen peroxide producing flavoprotein vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (vao). immunocytochemistry revealed that the enzyme has a dual location namely in peroxisomes and in the cytosol. the c-terminus of the primary structure of vao displays a wkl-cooh sequence which might function as a peroxisomal targeting signal type 1 (pts1). as va ... | 1998 | 9475171 |
| okaramine g, a new okaramine congener from penicillium simplicissimum atcc 90288. | okaramine g (1), a new okaramine congener, was isolated from penicillium simplicissimum atcc 90288. the structure of 1 was determined by a spectroscopic investigation. okaramine g exhibited insecticidal activity against silkworms. | 1998 | 27392562 |
| crystal structures and inhibitor binding in the octameric flavoenzyme vanillyl-alcohol oxidase: the shape of the active-site cavity controls substrate specificity. | lignin degradation leads to the formation of a broad spectrum of aromatic molecules that can be used by various fungal micro-organisms as their sole source of carbon. when grown on phenolic compounds, penicillium simplicissimum induces the strong impression of a flavin-containing vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (vao). the enzyme catalyses the oxidation of a vast array of substrates, ranging from aromatic amines to 4-alkyphenols. vao is a member of a novel class of widely distributed oxidoreductases, wh ... | 1997 | 9261083 |
| glucl a target of indole alkaloid okaramines: a 25 year enigma solved. | in 1989, indole alkaloid okaramines isolated from the fermentation products of penicillium simplicissimum were shown to be insecticidal, yet the mechanism of their toxicity to insects remains unknown. we therefore examined the action of okaramine b on silkworm larval neurons using patch-clamp electrophysiology. okaramine b induced inward currents which reversed close to the chloride equilibrium potential and were blocked by fipronil. thus it was tested on the silkworm rdl (resistant-to-dieldrin) ... | 2014 | 25155752 |
| potential of endophytic fungi isolated from cotton roots for biological control against verticillium wilt disease. | verticillium wilt is a soil-borne disease, and severely limits the development of cotton production. to investigate the role of endophytic fungi on verticillium wilt, cef-818 (penicillium simplicissimum), cef-714 (leptosphaeria sp.), cef-642 (talaromyces flavus.) and cef-193 (acremonium sp.) isolated from cotton roots were used to assess their effects against cotton wilt disease caused by a defoliating v. dahliae strain vd080. in the greenhouse, all treatments significantly reduced disease incid ... | 2017 | 28107448 |
| bioleaching of tungsten-rich spent hydrocracking catalyst using penicillium simplicissimum. | adaptation of penicillium simplicissimum with different heavy metals present in a spent hydrocracking catalyst, as well as one-step, two-step, and spent medium bioleaching of the spent catalyst by the adapted fungus, was examined in batch cultures. adaptation experiments with the single metal ions ni, mo, fe, and w showed that the fungus could tolerate up to 1500 mg/l ni, 8000 mg/l mo, 3000 mg/l fe, and 8000 mg/l w. in the presence of multi-metals, the fungus was able to tolerate up to 300 mg/l ... | 2011 | 20863693 |
| transformation and mineralization of halophenols by penicillium simplicissimum sk9117. | the metabolism of monohalophenols by penicillium simplicissimum sk9117, isolated from a sewage plant was investigated. in submerged cultures, 3-, 4-chlorophenol, and 4-bromophenol were metabolized in the presence of phenol. 3-chlorophenol was transformed to chlorohydroquinone, 4-chlorocatechol, 4-chloro-1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene, and 5-chloro-1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene. with 4-chlorophenol only 4-chlorocatechol was observed as transient product. a release of chloride ions was not observed. whereas mo ... | 1996 | 8882808 |
| induction of defense responses in cucumber plants by using the cell-free filtrate of the plant growth-promoting fungus penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2. | penicillium simplicissimum gp17-2 is a plant growth-promoting fungus (pgpf) and an inducer of systemic defense responses. the mechanisms underlying the effect of gp17-2 on the reduction of cucumber leaf damage caused by the anthracnose pathogen colletotrichum orbiculare were investigated. cucumber leaves treated with the culture filtrate (cf) of gp17-2 exhibited a clear systemic resistance against subsequent infection with c. orbiculare. the number and size of lesions caused by the disease were ... | 2013 | 23985491 |
| an l319f mutation in transmembrane region 3 (tm3) selectively reduces sensitivity to okaramine b of the bombyx mori l-glutamate-gated chloride channel. | okaramines produced by penicillium simplicissimum ak-40 activate l-glutamate-gated chloride channels (glucls) and thus paralyze insects. however, the okaramine binding site on insect glucls is poorly understood. sequence alignment shows that the equivalent of residue leucine319 of the okaramine b sensitive bombyx mori (b. mori) glucl is a phenylalanine in the okaramine b insensitive b. mori γ-aminobutyric acid-gated chloride channel of the same species. this residue is located in the third trans ... | 2017 | 28825521 |
| adding value to a toxic residue from the biodiesel industry: production of two distinct pool of lipases from penicillium simplicissimum in castor bean waste. | in countries with a strong agricultural base, such as brazil, the generation of solid residues is very high. in some cases, these wastes present no utility due to their toxic and allergenic compounds, and so are an environmental concern. the castor bean (ricinus communis) is a promising candidate for biodiesel production. from the biodiesel production process developed in the petrobras research center using castor bean seeds, a toxic and alkaline waste is produced. the use of agroindustrial wast ... | 2011 | 20844923 |
| decolorization of different textile dyes by penicillium simplicissimum and toxicity evaluation after fungal treatment. | the objective of this study was to investigate the capacity of decolorization and detoxification of the textile dyes reactive red 198 (rr198), reactive blue 214 (rb214), reactive blue 21 (rb21) and the mixture of the three dyes (mxd) by penicillium simplicissimum incqs 40211. the dye rb21, a phthalocyanine, was totally decolorized in 2 days, and the others, the monoazo rr198, the diazo rb214 and mxd were decolorized after 7 days by p. simplicissimum. initially the dye decolorization involved dye ... | 2009 | 24031428 |
| surface imaging of the filamentous fungus penicillium simplicissimum growing in a solid-state fermentation system. | a comparative study on the lipase-producing fungus penicillium simplissicimum, grown on a tray type solid-state fermentation (ssf) bioreactor, was performed using stereoscopy, focus z-stacking stereoscopic images, field emission scanning electron microscopy (fe-sem) and environmental scanning electron microscopy (esem) to better characterize the morphology of filamentous fungi in ssf and their distribution over the solid matrix. the imaging of live fungal samples using a stereomicroscope with fo ... | 2017 | 28395187 |
| extremely acidic soils are dominated by species-poor and highly specific fungal communities. | highly acidic soils (ph < 3) represent an environment which might potentially offer new biotechnologically interesting fungi. nevertheless, only little data on fungal communities in highly acidic habitats are available. here, we focused on the diversity of cultivable filamentous microfungi in highly acidic soils (ph < 3) in the czech republic. altogether, 16 soil samples were collected from four sampling sites and were processed by various approaches. in total, 54 fungal taxa were isolated and i ... | 2017 | 27687871 |
| lipase production and penicillium simplicissimum morphology in solid-state and submerged fermentations. | a comparative study of penicillium simplicissimum morphology and lipase production was performed using solid-state (ssf) and submerged (smf) fermentation. ssf was carried out on babassu cake as culture medium and smf on a semi-synthetic medium and a medium based on suspended babassu cake grains. yield of product on biomass, specific activity and conidia production were 3.3-, 1.3- and 2-fold higher in ssf. in smf, the type of fungus growth differed according to the medium. using the semi-syntheti ... | 2009 | 19606429 |
| separation and immobilization of lipase from penicillium simplicissimum by selective adsorption on hydrophobic supports. | lipases are an enzyme class of a great importance as biocatalysts applied to organic chemistry. however, it is still necessary to search for new enzymes with special characteristics such as good stability towards high temperatures, organic solvents, and high stereoselectivity presence. the present work's aim was to immobilize the lipases pool produced by penicillium simplissicimum, a filamentous fungi strain isolated from brazilian babassu cake residue. p. simplissicimum lipases were separated i ... | 2009 | 19037600 |
| biosorption of cadmium(ii), zinc(ii) and lead(ii) by penicillium simplicissimum: isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics. | the isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of cd(ii), zn(ii) and pb(ii) biosorption by penicillium simplicissimum were investigated in a batch system. the effects of ph, initial metal ions concentration, biomass dose, contact time, temperature and co-ions on the biosorption were studied. adsorption data were well described by both the redlich-peterson and langmuir model. chemical ion-exchange was found to be an important process based on free energy value from dubini-radushkevich isotherm for al ... | 2008 | 18455299 |
| penicillium svalbardense, a new species from arctic glacial ice. | during investigations of mycobiota in the coastal arctic polythermal glaciers, different species of the ubiquitous genus penicillium were isolated from the extreme subglacial environment. a group of penicillium strains was obtained that did not belong to any known penicillium species. this species was isolated in high numbers from the kongsvegen subglacial ice and was not detected in the surrounding environment. a detailed analysis of secondary metabolite profiles, physiological and morphologica ... | 2007 | 17252316 |
| kojic acid from penicillium simplicissimum (oud.) thom. | | 1968 | 5660405 |
| determination of adenine and pyridine nucleotides in glucose-limited chemostat cultures of penicillium simplicissimum by one-step ethanol extraction and ion-pairing liquid chromatography. | under specific conditions penicillium simplicissimum excretes large amounts of organic acids, mainly citrate. as the energetic status of the hyphae might play a role in that respect, we developed a method for the determination of adenine (adenosine triphosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and adenosine monophosphate) and pyridine (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nadh)) nucleotides in hyphae of p. simplicissimum. an optimum separation of the five compo ... | 2006 | 17054897 |
| two new meroterpenoids, penisimplicin a and b, isolated from penicillium simplicissimum. | in the course of our research for new antifungal agents, two new meroterpenoids, penisimplicin a (1) and b (2), were isolated from penicillium simplicissimum. the absolute structures of 1 and 2 were established by spectroscopic and chemical investigation. penisimplicin a (1) and b (2) are rare examples of d-ring seco-meroterpenoids. since compounds 1 and 2 showed no antifungal activities, the isolation of the compounds with antifungal activity will be attempted. | 2005 | 16141578 |
| [lignin degradation by penicillium simplicissimum]. | a strain of fungi was isolated from soil, which was identified as penicillium simplicissimum. this strain was capable of utilizing several lignin model compounds, making aromatic dyes decoloration and degrading natural lignin. all these results proved that penicillium simplicissimum has ligninolytic ability. three kinds of enzymes were believed to be the most important catalyzes in the biodegrading process. they are lignin peroxidase (lip), laccase (lac) and hemicellulase. and they always work s ... | 2005 | 16004322 |
| efflux of organic acids in penicillium simplicissimum is an energy-spilling process, adjusting the catabolic carbon flow to the nutrient supply and the activity of catabolic pathways. | continuous cultivation was used to study the effect of glucose, ammonium, nitrate or phosphate limitation on the excretion of tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle intermediates by penicillium simplicissimum. additionally, the effect of benzoic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid (sham) and 2,4-dinitrophenol on tca cycle intermediates was studied. the physiological state of the fungus was characterized by its glucose and o(2) consumption, its co(2) production, its intra- and extracellular concentrations of tc ... | 2002 | 11932458 |
| a method to obtain right-side-out and sealed plasma membrane vesicles from the filamentous fungus penicillium simplicissimum. | plasma membrane vesicles were purified from the citrate excreting filamentous fungus penicillium simplicissimum. the hyphae were disrupted by grinding in a glass bead mill and plasma membranes were obtained from a crude membrane fraction by partitioning in an aqueous dextran/polyethylene glycol two-phase system. the resulting enriched plasma membrane fraction contained only minor contaminations of marker enzymes of intracellular membranes, consisted of more than 90% of right-side-out vesicles an ... | 2001 | 11688214 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel phytase from penicillium simplicissimum. | eighty-three isolates from different soil samples exhibited the potential for producing active extracellular phytase. the most active fungal isolate with phytase activity was identified as penicillium simplicissimum. in shaking culture with enrichment medium, the highest extracellular phytase activity of the producing strain was 3.8 u/ml. the crude enzyme filtrate was purified to homogeneity using ultrafiltration. iec and gel filtration chromatography. the molar mass of the purified enzyme was e ... | 2000 | 11271818 |
| xanthoepocin, a new antibiotic from penicillium simplicissimum ifo5762. | a new antifungal antibiotic xanthoepocin was isolated from the culture broth of penicillium simplicissimum ifo5762. xanthoepocin was obtained from the culture fluid by solvent extraction and chromatographic purification. it showed antibiotic activity against gram-positive bacteria and yeasts. | 2000 | 11099226 |
| xylan binding subsite mapping in the xylanase from penicillium simplicissimum using xylooligosaccharides as cryo-protectant. | following a recent low-temperature crystal structure analysis of the native xylanase from penicillium simplicissimum [schmidt et al. (1998) protein sci. 7, 2081-2088], where an array of glycerol molecules, diffused into the crystal during soaking in a cryoprotectant, was observed within the active-site cleft, we utilized monomeric xylose as well as a variety of linear (xn, n = 2 to 5) and branched xylooligomers at high concentrations (typically 20% w/v) as cryoprotectant for low-temperature crys ... | 1999 | 10029534 |
| alpha-galactosidases of penicillium simplicissimum: production, purification and characterization of the gene encoding agli. | production of extracellular a-galactosidases by the filamentous fungus penicillium simplicissimum (previously p. janthinellum) vtt-d-78090 was studied on different carbon sources. steam-exploded oat husks were chosen as the best carbon source for enzyme production. three a-galactosidases (agl) were purified from the culture filtrate using ion-exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and gel filtration. the isoelectric points of agli, aglii and agliii were 5.2, 4.4 and 7.0, ... | 1998 | 9756469 |
| net efflux of citrate in penicillium simplicissimum is mediated by a transport protein. | penicillium simplicissimum excreted citrate, isocitrate, and succinate when grown in a strongly buffered medium [1 m mes (ph 6) or 1 m hepes (ph 7.3)]. growth in a weakly buffered medium did not lead to citrate excretion despite a similar intracellular citrate concentration. when nongrowing, citrate-excreting hyphae were aerated in a glucose solution, the following steady-state intracellular concentrations of organic acids were measured: succinate (25 mm); citrate, isocitrate, malate, and fumara ... | 1998 | 9531637 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the flavoenzyme vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from penicillium simplicissimum. | vanillyl-alcohol oxidase catalyses the oxidation of several 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols by using 8-alpha-(n3-histidyl)-fad as a covalently bound prosthetic group. crystals of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from penicillium simplicissimum have been grown by using the vapor diffusion technique. the space group was found to be i, with cell dimensions a = b = 140.5 a, c = 132.9 a. diffraction data have been recorded to 3.2 a resolution by using a laboratory source and to 2.5 a resolution on flash freezing th ... | 1997 | 9141139 |
| enigmatic gratuitous induction of the covalent flavoprotein vanillyl-alcohol oxidase in penicillium simplicissimum. | when penicillium simplicissimum is grown on veratryl alcohol, anisyl alcohol, or 4-(methoxymethyl)phenol, an intracellular covalent flavin-containing vanillyl-alcohol oxidase is induced. the induction is highest (up to 5% of total protein) during the growth phase. in addition to vanillyl-alcohol oxidase, an intracellular catalase-peroxidase is induced. induction of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase in p. simplicissimum is prevented by the addition of isoeugenol to veratryl alcohol-containing media, but g ... | 1997 | 16535508 |
| mercuration of vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from penicillium simplicissimum generates inactive dimers. | vanillyl-alcohol oxidase (ec 1.1.3.7) from penicillium simplicissimum was modified with p-mercuribenzoate. one cysteine residue reacts rapidly without loss of enzyme activity. three sulfhydryl groups then react in an 'all or none process' involving enzyme inactivation and dissociation of the octamer into dimers. the inactivation reaction is slowed down in the presence of the competitive inhibitor isoeugenol and fully reversible by treatment of the modified enzyme with dithiothreitol. vanillyl-al ... | 1997 | 9013853 |
| purification and characterization of an intracellular catalase-peroxidase from penicillium simplicissimum. | the first dimeric catalase-peroxidase of eucaryotic origin, an intracellular hydroperoxidase from penicillium simplicissimum which exhibited both catalase and peroxidase activities, has been isolated. the enzyme has an apparent molecular mass of about 170 kda and is composed of two identical subunits. the purified protein has a ph optimum for catalase activity at 6.4 and for peroxidase at 5.4. both activities are inhibited by cyanide and azide whereas 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole has no effect. 3,3'-d ... | 1996 | 8631329 |
| substrate specificity of flavin-dependent vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from penicillium simplicissimum. evidence for the production of 4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohols from 4-allylphenols. | the substrate specificity of the flavoprotein vanillyl-alcohol oxidase from penicillium simplicissimum was investigated. vanillyl-alcohol oxidase catalyzes besides the oxidation of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohols, the oxidative deamination of 4-hydroxybenzylamines and the oxidative demethylation of 4-(methoxymethyl)phenols. during the conversion of vanillylamine to vanillin, a transient intermediate, most probably vanillylimine, is observed. vanillyl-alcohol oxidase weakly interacts with 4-hydroxypheny ... | 1995 | 8529652 |
| a non-enzymatic reaction in the late biosynthesis of the decarestrictine family. | in the late biosynthesis of the decarestrictines, inhibitors of the de novo formation of cholesterol isolated from the culture broth of penicillium simplicissimum (fh-a 6090), a common pentaketide precursor undergoes post-polyketide modifications leading to the different members of the decarestrictine family. besides subsequent enzymatically catalyzed reactions an unexpected non-enzymatic conversion was found to be the key step in the biosynthetic sequence. under acidic conditions during ferment ... | 1993 | 8226316 |